CN115533316A - Special laser welding equipment and process for large-breadth thin plate - Google Patents
Special laser welding equipment and process for large-breadth thin plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115533316A CN115533316A CN202211324689.4A CN202211324689A CN115533316A CN 115533316 A CN115533316 A CN 115533316A CN 202211324689 A CN202211324689 A CN 202211324689A CN 115533316 A CN115533316 A CN 115533316A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention discloses special laser welding equipment and a special laser welding process for large-breadth thin plates.A laser swing welding mechanism can emit laser beams in the welding process, and can control the movement tracks of the laser beams; the welding seam tracking mechanism is used for identifying the position and the width of a welding seam before the laser swing welding mechanism reaches the welding seam, and the welding seam tracking mechanism sends acquired information to the control system for processing so as to adjust the laser beam emitting position of the laser swing welding mechanism; the welding quality detection mechanism is used for detecting the appearance of a welding seam welded by the laser swing welding mechanism, the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism sends detection information to the control system, and the control system regulates the auxiliary laser head to perform secondary melting to adjust the welding seam; the assembly direction formed by the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism, the laser swing welding mechanism and the welding seam tracking mechanism is the same as the welding direction of the welding seam. The invention meets the butt-joint and lap-welding two types of welding, deals with the welding seam with large-scale gap change and ensures the welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to special laser welding equipment and a special laser welding process for a large-width thin plate.
Background
With the improvement of the preparation level of metal materials, the improvement of processing technology and the improvement of the requirements of transformation and upgrade of equipment manufacturing industry on the performance of raw materials, a new generation of large-breadth plates is widely applied to the fields of equipment manufacturing, building engineering and the like, wherein a welding method is the most critical manufacturing technology, and the whole performance and the service level of the welding process and the welding quality are concerned.
However, due to the characteristics of large space dimension, complex geometric shape, long welding seam and the like of the large-width plate, the traditional arc welding equipment cannot meet the welding requirements of high speed, high efficiency and high quality; when the plate is thin (less than 1 mm), the plate is easy to burn through during welding, and the burn through phenomenon is improved during cold welding or argon arc welding, but the welding efficiency is low and the thermal deformation is large; and because the board can not guarantee that the edge is level because of processing, transportation scheduling problem, lead to the gap after two panels concatenation great and inhomogeneous, be difficult to weld.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide special laser welding equipment and a special laser welding process for large-width thin plates, and aims to solve the technical problems that the thin plates are difficult to weld and long thin plates are difficult to weld in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a big breadth sheet metal special type laser welding is equipped which characterized in that includes:
the laser swing welding mechanism can emit laser beams in the welding process and control the movement tracks of the laser beams;
the welding seam tracking mechanism is arranged on the side edge of the laser swing welding mechanism and used for identifying the position and the width of a welding seam before the laser swing welding mechanism reaches the welding seam, and the welding seam tracking mechanism sends acquired information to a control system to be processed so as to adjust the laser beam emergent position of the laser swing welding mechanism;
the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism is arranged on the other side of the laser swing welding mechanism and used for detecting the appearance of a welding seam welded by the laser swing welding mechanism, the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism sends detection information to the control system, and the control system regulates and controls the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism to work so as to adjust the welding seam for the second time;
the thin plate linearly moves along the lower part of the laser swing welding mechanism under the driving action of the moving platform, and the assembly direction formed by the welding quality detection and adjustment mechanism, the laser swing welding mechanism and the weld seam tracking mechanism is the same as the welding direction of the weld seam.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the laser swing welding mechanism comprises a laser swing welding head and a driving assembly connected with the laser swing welding head, the driving assembly is used for driving the laser swing welding head to move up and down along the vertical direction, and the laser swing welding head can control a laser beam to swing in a reciprocating manner along the width direction of a welding seam of a plate material;
the swing amplitude of the laser swing welding head can cover the width of a welding seam of the large-width plate to be welded.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the laser swing welding head emits a laser beam in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the weld bead, and the laser swing welding head linearly swings back and forth along the width of the weld bead, a swing amplitude of the laser swing welding head is related to the width of the weld bead, and the swing amplitude of the laser swing welding head is at least a multiple of the maximum width of the weld bead.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, a wire feeding head is installed on a side surface of the laser oscillating welding head, a coiled welding wire is disposed at an upper end of the laser oscillating welding head, the wire feeding head adjusts a feeding amount of the welding wire in a unit time by variable speed driving, an end of the welding wire is always positioned below the laser oscillating welding head, and the welding wire is melted by a laser beam to fill the welding wire.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, an industrial camera is provided at an upper end of the laser swing welding head, which is coaxially distributed with the laser beam, and the industrial camera is used to accurately measure the weld position by observing the welding position image.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism includes a quality detection camera disposed upstream of the laser swing welding head, and a sub laser head on the same horizontal line as the quality detection camera, and the quality detection camera is disposed between the laser swing welding head and the sub laser head;
the quality detection camera shoots the welded weld appearance and sends the welded weld appearance to the control system, and the control system regulates and controls the work of the auxiliary laser head after image processing so as to carry out secondary melting on the weld.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the laser oscillating welding head oscillates in the same direction in synchronization with the sub laser head, and an oscillation trajectory of the laser oscillating welding head along the width of the weld is the same as an oscillation trajectory of the sub laser head along the width of the weld.
In order to solve the problems, the invention also provides a welding process of the large-breadth thin plate special laser welding equipment, which comprises the following steps:
arranging the large-breadth plate below a laser swing welding head, wherein the actual motion track of a laser beam is the coupling motion of the laser head swing and the plate linear motion;
aligning and pressing the two sheets, identifying the width of a welding seam by using a welding seam tracking mechanism, and selecting welding process parameters according to the thickness of the plate;
the welding head is swung by laser to melt the welding wire and the plate to be welded, the filling amount of the welding wire and the laser parameter are related to the width of the welding seam in the welding process, and in order to ensure that the plate is not melted through, the laser heat input is not enough to completely melt the welding wire at the moment, and only the welding wire is fused with the plate to be welded;
and detecting a welding seam welded by the laser swing welding head according to the quality detection camera, calling the auxiliary laser head to carry out secondary melting on the welding seam by adopting proper process parameters, so that the welding wire and the plate to be welded are completely fused to form a good welding head, meanwhile, the surface quality of the welding seam is improved, the thermal stress of the welding seam is reduced, and the deformation of a large-breadth plate is reduced.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the swing frequency and the welding speed of the laser swing welding head are related to the spot diameter of the emitted laser beam to ensure that the spot overlapping ratio is at least 50%, and the swing frequency of the laser swing welding head specifically is:
wherein f is the swing frequency, r is the radius of a light spot, and v is the running speed of the machine tool along the direction of the welding seam.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the welding mode is divided into two connection modes of lap joint and butt joint;
wherein, when in lapping, the welding seam is relatively uniform, and the two sheets are lapped by adopting a non-wire filling mode;
when in butt joint, the welding seam between the two sheets is large, and the wire feeding speed is adjusted according to the width information of the welding seam so as to supplement the molten welding wire into the welding seam.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts laser as a heat source, combines a welding seam tracking system and an image acquisition and quality detection system, and uses a mode of double detection and double light sources for welding. The welding seam welding device can meet the welding seams in two forms of butt joint and lap welding, particularly can deal with the welding seam with gap change and ensure the welding quality, can meet the welding requirements of large (ultra-large) plates with different materials, types and welding process requirements, and is particularly suitable for large-format sheet welding.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system of a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1-1, a laser swing welding mechanism; 1-2, a welding seam tracking mechanism; 1-3 welding quality detection adjusting mechanism; 1-4 control system;
2, an industrial camera; 3, swinging a welding head by laser; 5, water cooling; 6, protecting an air tap; 7 a drive assembly; 8 pairs of laser heads; 9 a quality detection camera; 10-feeding the silk head.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a large-format thin plate special laser welding device, and the embodiment of the invention realizes closed-loop coupling with an automatic control system through a weld joint tracking system and an image acquisition and quality detection system, thereby greatly improving welding efficiency and welding quality.
The device specifically comprises a laser swing welding mechanism 1-1, a welding seam tracking mechanism 1-2, a welding quality detection adjusting mechanism and a control system 1-4.
The laser swing welding mechanism 1-1 can emit laser beams in the welding process, and the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1 can control the movement tracks of the laser beams.
The welding seam tracking mechanism 1-2 is arranged on the side edge of the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1, the welding seam tracking mechanism 1-2 is used for identifying the position and the width of a welding seam before the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1 reaches the welding seam, and the welding seam tracking mechanism 1-2 sends collected information to the control system 1-4 to be processed so as to adjust the laser beam emitting position of the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1.
The welding quality detection adjusting mechanism 1-3 is arranged on the other side edge of the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1, the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism 1-3 is used for detecting the appearance of a welding seam welded by the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1, the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism 1-3 sends detection information to the control system 1-4, and the control system 1-4 regulates and controls the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism 1-3 to work so as to adjust the welding seam for the second time.
The thin plate linearly moves along the lower portion of the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1 under the driving action of the moving platform, and the assembling direction formed by the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism 1-3, the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1 and the welding seam tracking mechanism 1-2 is the same as the welding seam welding direction.
The thin plate linearly moves below the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1, and specifically, the thin plate can be arranged on a machine tool, and the machine tool stroke can cover the welding seam of the large-size plate to be welded.
The welding seam tracking mechanism 1-2 collects images of a thin plate firstly, the control system 1-4 determines a welding mode based on the collected images, and if the welding seam is wide, the control system 1-4 needs to transmit an instruction to the laser swing welding mechanism 1-1 so that a laser beam emitted by a laser head is transferred to the edge position of the welding seam to carry out welding operation.
After the laser heads move along the welding seams for welding, the welding quality detection and adjustment mechanisms 1-3 are used for collecting images after welding, the appearance of the welding seams is analyzed, corresponding technological parameters in the auxiliary laser heads are called for carrying out secondary melting on the welding seams, the connection strength of the welding seams can be improved, the surface roughness is reduced, the defects of undercut, underfusion and the like generated in the welding process are repaired, meanwhile, the thermal stress of the welding seams can be reduced, and the deformation of large-format plates is reduced, specifically, the laser swing welding mechanisms 1-1 comprise laser swing welding heads 3 and driving assemblies 7 connected with the laser swing welding heads 3, the driving assemblies 7 are used for driving the laser swing welding heads 3 to move up and down in the vertical direction, and the laser swing welding heads 3 can control laser beams to swing in a reciprocating mode in the width direction of the plate welding seams.
The swing amplitude of the laser swing welding head 3 can cover the width of a welding seam of a large-breadth plate to be welded.
The laser swing track of the embodiment can effectively ensure the welding quality of large-width plates, and continuous laser beams with the wavelength of 1064nm are used as heat sources; by using the swinging laser welding head 3, the laser beam can swing at a certain frequency and shape, the laser action range is improved, the tolerance of the welding seam gap is increased, and the welding quality is improved.
That is to say, the laser swinging welding head 3 can emit a laser beam during the welding process, and can control the laser beam to move according to a specific track, the laser swinging welding head 3 emits the laser beam along the direction perpendicular to the weld seam, and the laser swinging welding head 3 swings linearly in a reciprocating manner along the width of the weld seam, the swing amplitude of the laser swinging welding head 3 is related to the width of the weld seam, and the swing amplitude of the laser swinging welding head 3 is at least 2 times of the maximum width of the weld seam.
When the thin plate linearly moves along the lower part of the laser head, the actual movement track of the laser beam is the coupling movement of the linear swing and the movement speed of the machine tool, the swing frequency and the welding speed of the laser beam are related to the diameter of a light spot, the overlapping rate of the light spot is ensured to be more than 50%, the tolerance of welding to a welding seam gap can be expanded by the swing track, the welding wire melting efficiency is improved, and the fusion of the liquid metal and the plate to be welded after the welding wire is melted is improved.
It should be added that the water cooling 5 and the protection air tap 6 are installed below the laser swing welding head 3, the inert gas is sprayed out in the welding process to protect the high-temperature welding line from being oxidized, the temperature of the laser welding head can be increased in the welding process, and the water cooling is used for cooling the laser welding head.
The upper end of the laser swing welding head 3 is provided with an industrial camera 2 which is coaxially distributed with the laser beam, and the industrial camera 2 can accurately measure the welding position by observing the welding position image.
The side surface of the laser swing welding head 3 is provided with a wire feeding head 10, the upper end of the laser swing welding head 3 is provided with welding wires wound into a coil, the wire feeding head 10 adjusts the welding wire feeding amount in unit time through variable speed driving, the end part of the welding wire is always positioned below the laser swing welding head 3, and the welding wires are melted under the action of laser beams to fill the welding wire.
Specifically, wire feeding head 10 is installed on protection air cock 6, and wire feeding head 10 can the variable frequency formula carry the welding wire, according to the width of welding seam and the demand of welding wire, changes wire feed speed.
The welding mode of this embodiment to the sheet metal divide into overlap joint and two kinds of connection forms of butt joint, and when the overlap joint mode, use welding jig to compress tightly two sheet metals after, the welding seam is relatively even unanimous, adopts the mode of not filling in with silk to carry out the overlap joint.
Due to the edge processing quality of the plates and the problem of plate transportation deformation, the gap between the butted plates is large and can reach 2 times of plate thickness to the maximum extent, and at the moment, the welding is carried out by adopting a wire feeding welding mode, but because the gap is not uniform, the wire feeding speed is adjusted in real time according to the acquired welding seam width information, and the welding quality is ensured.
The welding quality detection adjusting mechanism 1-3 comprises a quality detection camera 9 arranged at the upstream of the laser swing welding head 3 and an auxiliary laser head 8 which is positioned on the same horizontal line with the quality detection camera 9, and the quality detection camera 9 is positioned between the laser swing welding head 3 and the auxiliary laser head 8.
The quality detection camera 9 shoots the welded seam appearance and sends the welded seam appearance to the control system 1-4, and the control system 1-4 regulates and controls the auxiliary laser head 8 to work after image processing so as to carry out secondary melting on the welded seam.
After the laser swing welding head 3 is welded, the secondary laser head 8 behind the laser swing welding head simultaneously carries out secondary melting on the welding seam, so that the welding seam bonding strength can be improved, the surface roughness of the welding seam is reduced, the defects of undercut, insufficient fusion and the like generated in the welding process are repaired, most importantly, the thermal stress of the welding seam can be reduced, and the deformation of a large-breadth plate is reduced.
It should be noted that the secondary laser head 8 can remelt the weld joint, thereby reducing the welding defects and reducing the thermal deformation of the plate. In addition, the auxiliary laser head 8 has a cleaning function, and can clean the metal plate with rust, a coating and a paint layer firstly and then perform welding operation, so that the influence of substances on the surface of the plate on welding is avoided, and the welding quality is ensured; the surface of the weld joint of the high-reflectivity material is roughened, so that the laser absorption rate of the material is improved, and the welding efficiency is further improved.
Before formal welding work, when a coating, a paint layer or a rust layer exists on the surface of a plate, the welding effect can be influenced, under the working condition, the auxiliary laser head 8 is opened, a line light spot is formed, the machine tool drives the thin plate to move, and substances on the surface of the plate around a welding line are removed to expose bottom metal. Aiming at high-reflectivity materials such as copper and aluminum, the laser head can be used for preprocessing the welding seam position before welding, the surface roughness of the welding seam position is increased, the absorption rate of the materials to laser is increased, and the preprocessing process can improve the welding efficiency and the welding quality of the high-reflectivity materials.
In order to further explain the usage of the large-format thin plate special laser welding equipment, the embodiment also provides a welding process of the large-format thin plate special laser welding equipment, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a large-format plate is arranged below a laser swing welding head, the actual motion track of a laser beam is the coupling motion of the swing of a laser head and the linear motion of the plate, the swing frequency and the welding speed of the laser swing welding head are related to the spot diameter of the emitted laser beam, so that the overlapping ratio of the spots is at least 50%, and the swing frequency of the laser swing welding head is specifically as follows:
wherein f is the swing frequency, r is the radius of a light spot, and v is the running speed of the machine tool along the direction of the welding seam.
Secondly, aligning and pressing the two thin plates, identifying the width of a welding seam by using a welding seam tracking mechanism, selecting proper welding parameters according to the plate thickness and selecting the welding parameters according to the shape of the welding seam;
thirdly, laser emitted by the laser swinging welding head melts the welding wire to be adhered to the thin plates on the two sides, and the welding wire and the thin plates cannot be completely fused to form a good welding joint at the moment, because the thin plates are thin, the plates can be melted through due to large heat input;
and fourthly, detecting and analyzing the welding seam obtained in the third step by a quality detection camera, and binding different process parameters in the auxiliary laser head at different welding seam positions.
And fifthly, the auxiliary laser head carries out secondary melting on the welding seam according to the detection result of the fourth step, so that the joint formed by the wire and the thin plate in the third step is secondarily melted, the bonding strength is increased, the surface quality of the welding seam can be improved, the thermal stress of the welding seam is reduced, and the deformation of the large-breadth plate is reduced.
The laser welding method and the laser welding system have the advantages that the laser is used as a heat source, the welding seam tracking system and the image acquisition and quality detection system are combined, the welding in two forms of butt joint and lap welding can be met, particularly, the welding seam with changed gaps can be coped with, the welding quality can be guaranteed, the welding requirements of large (ultra-large) plates with different materials, types and welding process requirements can be met, and the laser welding method and the laser welding system are particularly suitable for large-format thin plate welding.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made to the disclosure by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a big breadth sheet metal special type laser welding is equipped which characterized in that includes:
the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1) can emit laser beams in the welding process, and the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1) can control the movement tracks of the laser beams;
the welding seam tracking mechanism (1-2) is arranged on the side edge of the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1), the welding seam tracking mechanism (1-2) is used for identifying the position and the width of a welding seam before the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1) reaches the welding seam, and the welding seam tracking mechanism (1-2) sends collected information to a control system (1-4) for processing so as to adjust the laser beam emergent position of the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1);
the welding quality detection and adjustment mechanism (1-3) is arranged on the other side of the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1), the welding quality detection and adjustment mechanism (1-3) is used for detecting the appearance of a welding seam welded by the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1), the welding quality detection and adjustment mechanism (1-3) sends detection information to the control system (1-4), and the control system (1-4) regulates and controls the welding quality detection and adjustment mechanism (1-3) to work so as to adjust the welding seam for the second time;
the thin plate linearly moves along the lower part of the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1) under the driving action of the moving platform, and the assembly direction formed by the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism (1-3), the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1) and the welding seam tracking mechanism (1-2) is the same as the welding seam welding direction.
2. The special laser welding equipment for large-breadth thin plates according to claim 1,
the laser swing welding mechanism (1-1) comprises a laser swing welding head (3) and a driving assembly (7) connected with the laser swing welding head (3), the driving assembly (7) is used for driving the laser swing welding head (3) to move up and down along the vertical direction, and the laser swing welding head (3) can control laser beams to swing in a reciprocating mode according to the width direction of a welding seam of a plate material;
the swing amplitude of the laser swing welding head (3) can cover the width of a welding seam of a large-breadth plate to be welded.
3. The special laser welding equipment for large-breadth thin plates according to claim 2,
the laser swing welding head (3) emits laser beams along the direction vertical to the plane of the welding seam, the laser swing welding head (3) swings linearly in a reciprocating mode along the width of the welding seam, the swing amplitude of the laser swing welding head (3) is related to the width of the welding seam, and the swing amplitude of the laser swing welding head (3) is at least 2 times of the maximum width of the welding seam.
4. The special laser welding equipment for large-breadth thin plates according to claim 2,
the welding wire feeding device is characterized in that a wire feeding head (10) is installed on the side surface of the laser swing welding head (3), a welding wire wound into a coil is arranged at the upper end of the laser swing welding head (3), the wire feeding head (10) adjusts the welding wire feeding amount in unit time through variable speed driving, the end portion of the welding wire is always located below the laser swing welding head (3), and the welding wire is melted under the action of laser beams to fill the welding wire.
5. The special laser welding equipment for large-breadth thin plates according to claim 2,
the upper end of the laser swing welding head (3) is provided with an industrial camera (2) which is coaxially distributed with a laser beam, and the industrial camera (2) can be used for accurately measuring the position of a welding seam by observing an image of the welding position.
6. The special laser welding equipment for large-breadth thin plates according to claim 2,
the welding quality detection adjusting mechanism (1-3) comprises a quality detection camera (9) arranged at the upstream of the laser swing welding head (3) and an auxiliary laser head (8) which is positioned on the same horizontal line with the quality detection camera (9), and the quality detection camera (9) is positioned between the laser swing welding head (3) and the auxiliary laser head (8);
the quality detection camera (9) shoots the welded weld appearance and sends the welded weld appearance to the control system (1-4), and the control system (1-4) regulates and controls the work of the auxiliary laser head (8) after image processing so as to carry out secondary melting on the weld.
7. The special laser welding equipment for large-breadth thin plates according to claim 6,
the laser swing welding head (3) and the auxiliary laser head (8) synchronously swing in the same direction, and the swing track of the laser swing welding head (3) along the width of the welding seam is the same as that of the auxiliary laser head (8) along the width of the welding seam.
8. A welding process based on special laser welding equipment for large-breadth thin plates as claimed in any one of claims 2-7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging the large-breadth plate below a laser swing welding head, wherein the actual motion track of a laser beam is the coupling motion of the laser head swing and the plate linear motion;
aligning and pressing the two sheets, identifying the width of a welding seam by using a welding seam tracking mechanism, and selecting welding process parameters according to the thickness of the plate;
the welding head is swung by laser to melt the welding wire and the plate to be welded, the filling amount of the welding wire and the laser parameter are related to the width of the welding seam in the welding process, and in order to ensure that the plate is not melted through, the laser heat input is not enough to completely melt the welding wire at the moment, and only the welding wire is fused with the plate to be welded;
and detecting the welding seam welded by the laser swing welding head according to the quality detection camera, calling the auxiliary laser head, and carrying out secondary melting on the welding seam by adopting proper process parameters, so that the welding wire and the plate to be welded are completely fused to form a good welding head.
9. The welding process of the special laser welding equipment for large-breadth thin plates according to claim 8, wherein,
the swing frequency and the welding speed of the laser swing welding head are related to the spot diameter of the emitted laser beam so as to ensure that the overlapping rate of the spots is at least 50 percent, and the swing frequency of the laser swing welding head is specifically as follows:
wherein f is the swing frequency, r is the radius of a light spot, and v is the running speed of the machine tool along the direction of the welding seam.
10. The welding process of large-format thin plate special laser welding equipment as claimed in claim 8, wherein,
the welding mode is divided into two connection modes of lap joint and butt joint;
wherein, when in lapping, the welding seam is relatively uniform, and the two sheets are lapped by adopting a non-wire filling mode;
when in butt joint, the welding seam between the two sheets is large, and the wire feeding speed is adjusted according to the width information of the welding seam so as to supplement the molten welding wire into the welding seam.
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| CN202211324689.4A CN115533316A (en) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | Special laser welding equipment and process for large-breadth thin plate |
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| CN202211324689.4A CN115533316A (en) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | Special laser welding equipment and process for large-breadth thin plate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117506139A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-02-06 | 武汉瑞普汽车部件有限公司 | Welding device and method for vehicle door inner plate assembly |
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2022
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117506139A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-02-06 | 武汉瑞普汽车部件有限公司 | Welding device and method for vehicle door inner plate assembly |
| CN117506139B (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-03-29 | 武汉瑞普汽车部件有限公司 | Welding device and method for vehicle door inner plate assembly |
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