CN114223677B - Microbial agent for preventing and treating ginger nematode and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial agent for preventing and treating ginger nematode and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial control, in particular to a microbial agent for controlling ginger nematode and application thereof. The microbial agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of purple lilac spore bacteria, 3-8 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 8-12 parts of enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder, 45-55 parts of glucose, 3-8 parts of calcium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10-15 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. The microbial agent disclosed by the invention is used for preventing and treating ginger nematode by matching the lilac purple spore bacteria with the trichoderma harzianum and parasitizing and killing nematode thalli and worm eggs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial control, and particularly relates to a microbial agent for controlling ginger nematode and application thereof.
Background
Nematode disease is a plant disease caused by nematode infestation and parasitism. The damaged plant can influence the normal growth and development because the invaded nematode absorbs the nutrition in the body; the secretion in the metabolic process of the nematode can also stimulate cells and tissues of host plants, cause plant deformity and the like, and reduce the yield and quality of agricultural products.
The ginger nematode disease, that is, the root knot nematode disease of ginger commonly known as ginger pellagra and ginger scale, can occur from seedling stage to adult plant stage, the diseased plant can generate nodular root knots with different sizes at root and rhizome parts, the root knots are generally bean grain sizes, sometimes connected into string shapes, are yellowish white bulges at first, gradually turn brown later, and break and rot in the form of herpes. The root is damaged, so that the absorption function is affected, the growth is slow, and the product quality is reduced. With continuous cropping and large-scale planting of the gingers, the disease has the tendency of aggravating the disease and expanding the spread, in a ginger planting area, nematode soil-borne diseases are overflowed, the planting of the gingers and the quality of the gingers are seriously affected, and the ginger planting cannot be carried out in places with severe nematodes.
The traditional prevention and control method is to use chemical strong-toxicity pesticide to fumigate the ground to kill the nematodes, which has high cost and high pollution, kills beneficial microorganisms, can only prevent and control the nematodes for a short time, and the nematodes begin to breed after the pesticide effect is over. The biological control technology which can treat the disease for a long time and is environment-friendly and pollution-free is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a microbial agent for preventing and treating nematodes, which is prepared by matching viola lilac with trichoderma harzianum and parasitizing and killing thallus and eggs of the nematode to prevent and treat ginger nematode diseases.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a microbial agent for preventing and treating ginger nematode, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of purple violet spore bacteria, 3-8 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 8-12 parts of enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder, 45-55 parts of glucose, 3-8 parts of calcium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 10-15 parts of dipotassium phosphate.
Preferably, the microbial agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of purple lilac spore bacteria, 5 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 10 parts of zymolytic amino acid polypeptide powder, 50 parts of glucose, 5 parts of calcium hydroxide, 12.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 12.5 parts of dipotassium phosphate.
Wherein the viable bacteria amount in the purple lilac spore bacteria is 120-180 hundred million cfu/g.
The viable bacteria amount in the trichoderma harzianum is 180-220 hundred million cfu/g.
Preferably, the microbial agent contains live bacteria of the purple violet spore bacterium in an amount of more than or equal to 5 hundred million cfu/g.
Preferably, the microbial agent contains the trichoderma harzianum live bacteria in an amount of more than or equal to 5 hundred million cfu/g.
The invention also provides application of the microbial agent in preventing and treating ginger nematode.
Preferably, the microbial agent is mixed with soil or mixed with a fertilizer and then applied to the soil.
Preferably, the application amount of the microbial agent is 20-60kg per mu.
The invention provides a microbial agent for preventing and treating ginger nematode, which comprises purple lilac spore bacteria, trichoderma harzianum, enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder, glucose, calcium hydroxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention contains target strains of the purplish purple spore bacteria and the trichoderma harzianum, and takes the effect of preventing and controlling the ginger nematode disease by matching the purplish purple spore bacteria with the trichoderma harzianum and parasitizing and killing nematode thalli and worm eggs.
2. The microbial agent provided by the invention provides an organic nitrogen source and an organic carbon source required by microbial production and propagation, and also provides an acid-base control balance system for regulating and controlling the pH of soil, so that the microbial agent has a yield increase effect on the growth of the ginger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the growth of Trichoderma harzianum inoculated in PDA medium;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a T.harzianum parasitism.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a microbial agent for preventing and treating ginger nematode, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of purple lilac spore bacteria, 3-8 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 8-12 parts of enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder, 45-55 parts of glucose, 3-8 parts of calcium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10-15 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
As a preferred embodiment, the microbial agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of purple lilac spore bacteria, 5 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 10 parts of zymolytic amino acid polypeptide powder, 50 parts of glucose, 5 parts of calcium hydroxide, 12.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 12.5 parts of dipotassium phosphate.
The source of the lilac violet spore bacteria is not particularly limited in the invention, and any known or commercially available lilac violet spore bacteria in the prior art can be used in the invention. As an implementable technical scheme, the invention preferably selects commercially available raw materials, and further preferably selects that the viable bacteria amount in the purple lilac spore bacteria is 120-180 hundred million cfu/g.
The source of Trichoderma harzianum is not particularly limited in the present invention, and Trichoderma harzianum known in the art or commercially available may be used in the present invention. As an implementable technical scheme, the invention preferably selects commercial raw materials, and further preferably selects that the viable bacteria amount in the trichoderma harzianum is 180-220 hundred million cfu/g.
In the invention, the purple lilac spore fungus is an effective parasitic fungus of the ginger root-knot nematode, generates a large amount of thickened hypha after contacting the nematode, penetrates the egg shell, the larva and the adult body wall of the nematode, absorbs nutrition in the body of the nematode, and destroys the normal physiological metabolism of the egg, the larva and the adult, thereby leading to the death of the nematode; meanwhile, the purple lilac spore fungus can also secrete protease to kill the nematode. Wherein, the egg parasitism rate of the purple lilac spore fungus to the root-knot nematode is as high as 60-70%, and the harm of the ginger root-knot nematode disease can be obviously reduced. The purple lilac spore fungus also produces abundant similar indoleacetic acid and multiple functional enzymes, promotes cell division, remarkably promotes plant root growth, and promotes the yield increase of the ginger.
In the invention, the trichoderma harzianum has a heavy parasitic effect and can identify, contact, wind, penetrate and parasitize the ginger root-knot nematode. After identifying the ginger root-knot nematodes by trichoderma harzianum, the trichoderma harzianum mycelia grow in parallel and spirally winding along the ginger root-knot nematode mycelia, and generate attached cellular branches which are adsorbed on the ginger root-knot nematode mycelia, extracellular enzymes are secreted to dissolve cell walls, the ginger root-knot nematode mycelia are penetrated through the extracellular enzymes, nutrition is absorbed, and then the ginger root-knot nematodes are killed. Meanwhile, the trichoderma harzianum can also generate compounds for stimulating the growth of the root system of the ginger and inducing the ginger to generate defense reaction around the root system of the ginger, improve the microenvironment of the root system, enhance the growth vigor and disease resistance of the ginger and improve the yield and income of the ginger.
According to the invention, the purple lilac spore bacteria and the trichoderma harzianum are cooperatively applied, and meanwhile, the parasitic killing is carried out on the nematode thalli and the worm eggs, so that the effect of preventing and treating the ginger nematode disease is achieved. And the purple lilac spore fungus can produce abundant chitinase, thereby improving the parasitic rate of the trichoderma harzianum to nematodes. The matching of the purple lilac spore bacteria and the trichoderma harzianum has a control effect on the whole life cycle of the nematodes, and has a remarkable effect on controlling the root knot nematode disease of the ginger.
The source of the enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder is not particularly limited, and the known or commercially available enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder in the prior art can be used in the invention. As an implementable technical scheme, the invention preferably selects enzymatic hydrolysis amino acid polypeptide powder of which the manufacturer is Angel Yeast GmbH and the product model is yeast peptide.
The enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder is a biological enzymolysis product and can provide an organic nitrogen source required by microbial production and propagation.
The source of glucose in the present invention is not particularly limited, and glucose known in the art or commercially available may be used in the present invention. In the present invention, glucose can provide an organic carbon source required for the production and propagation of microorganisms.
The sources and grades of calcium hydroxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate in the present invention are not particularly limited, and any of the above-mentioned materials known in the art or commercially available can be used in the present invention. In the present invention, the above raw materials are preferably analytically pure.
The calcium hydroxide, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate not only provide trace elements for the production and the propagation of microorganisms, but also have an acid-base balance control system for regulating and controlling the pH of soil, and the yield of the ginger is improved.
The formulation of the product of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any formulation known in the art can be used as the final form of the microbial agent of the present invention. Preferably, the product of the invention is a solid dosage form, and more preferably is yellow-brown colored green granules or powder.
As a preferable mode, the microbial agent contains live bacteria of the purple violet spore bacterium of which the quantity is more than or equal to 5 hundred million cfu/g; the amount of live trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 5 hundred million cfu/g.
The microbial agent can be obtained by mixing by a conventional method, and preferably, materials are physically compounded and uniformly mixed.
The invention also provides application of the microbial agent in preventing and treating ginger nematode.
In one practical aspect, the present invention is preferably applied to soil after the microbial preparation is mixed with soil or mixed with fertilizer, more preferably applied by applying the microbial preparation to a ground or top application, and still more preferably applied by applying the microbial preparation in a furrow.
As a preferred embodiment, the application amount of the microbial inoculum is 20-60kg per mu, and more preferably 40kg per mu.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder is purchased from Angel Yeast GmbH, production area: the east Daodao of Yichang city of Hubei province No. 168, the product model is: a yeast peptide;
the purple spore bacterium Purpureocillium lilacinum is commercially available, and the viable count is 150 hundred million cfu/g;
trichoderma harzianum, commercially available, with a viable count of 200 hundred million cfu/g.
In the present invention, all the raw material components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Preparation of microbial agent
Taking 5kg of purple lilac spore bacteria, 5kg of trichoderma harzianum, 10kg of zymolytic amino acid polypeptide powder, 50kg of glucose, 5kg of calcium hydroxide, 12.5kg of monopotassium phosphate and 12.5kg of dipotassium phosphate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the product.
The bacterial content of the obtained product is detected, and the product contains 7.5 hundred million cfu/g of viable bacteria of the purple spore fungus and 10 hundred million cfu/g of trichoderma harzianum.
Example 2
Preparation of microbial agent
3kg of purple violet spore bacteria, 3kg of trichoderma harzianum, 8kg of zymolytic amino acid polypeptide powder, 45kg of glucose, 3kg of calcium hydroxide, 10kg of monopotassium phosphate and 10kg of dipotassium phosphate are taken and evenly mixed to obtain the feed.
The bacterial content of the obtained product is detected, and the product contains 5.5 hundred million cfu/g of viable bacteria of the purple violet spore bacteria and 7.3 hundred million cfu/g of trichoderma harzianum.
Example 3
Preparation of microbial agent
Taking 8kg of purple violet spore bacteria, 8kg of trichoderma harzianum, 12kg of enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder, 55kg of glucose, 8kg of calcium hydroxide, 15kg of monopotassium phosphate and 15kg of dipotassium phosphate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.
The bacterial content of the obtained product is detected, and the product contains 9.9 hundred million cfu/g of viable bacteria of the purple violet spore bacteria and 13.2 hundred million cfu/g of trichoderma harzianum.
Example 4
Trichoderma harzianum parasitism capability test
(1) Inoculating recovered Trichoderma harzianum into PDA culture medium, and making up the percentage of CO at 37% 2 And carrying out aseptic constant-temperature culture for 7 days under the condition of pH value of 7.2-7.4, and observing day by day.
(2) The microbial agent prepared in example 1 is mixed with soil and applied to a base when the soil with soil-borne diseases of the wireworms is turned over, the application amount is 20-30 kg/mu, and the soil is taken after crops are harvested for electron microscope detection, and the result is shown in figure 2.
The observation results of Trichoderma harzianum after cultivation are shown in FIG. 1, and Trichoderma harzianum hyphae are fine and colorless, have separation and multiple branches. Conidiophores grow from the lateral branches of hyphae, grow oppositely or intergrowth, and generally have 2-3 branches, and the phialides or cones of the conidiophores grow. Conidiophores are mostly spherical, sporoderm has verruca verrucosa, and are blue-green. The colony on PDA culture medium is white flocculent initially and dark green later.
The result of the heavy parasitic capacity of trichoderma harzianum is shown in fig. 2, after trichoderma identifies host fungi, trichoderma hyphae grow in parallel and spirally winding along the host hyphae, attached cellular branches are generated and adsorbed on the host hyphae, cell walls are dissolved by secreting extracellular enzymes, the host hyphae are penetrated, nutrition is absorbed, and then pathogenic bacteria are killed. The result shows that the trichoderma harzianum has obvious effect on the heavy parasitism of the nematodes and can effectively inhibit the propagation and aggravation of soil-borne diseases of the nematodes.
Example 5
Ginger nematode field test
In order to verify the control effect of the microbial agent on nematodes, the inventor performs fertilization management on the same planting area and the same place, and compares the specific effects of the data after the product is used.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: the microbial agent prepared in the example 1 is mixed with soil and applied to the ginger planting field with nematode soil-borne diseases in the application amount of 20kg, 40kg and 60kg per mu. The blank was treated in the same manner as in the experimental example without the application of the microbial inoculum.
And (4) judging the standard: the nematode can cause root-knot nematode disease, the ginger is tuber crops, ginger spots are visually reflected on the surface of the ginger, and the nematode killing and controlling effect of the product is obtained by measuring the quantity of the ginger with the ginger spots and the yield of the ginger.
TABLE 1 comparison of field test results for ginger nematode
Experiment ABCD was performed in triplicate in the same series, and data were averaged in triplicate.
The experimental data in the table show that the nematode disease is obviously reduced after the product is used, when the using amount reaches 40 kg/mu, the effect can be 7.1% from the original nematode disease incidence of 46.7%, and the yield is increased to a certain extent: the product amount is 20-60 kg/mu, and the yield of the ginger is improved by 4.8-6.2%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The application of the microbial agent for preventing and treating the ginger nematode is characterized in that the microbial agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of purple violet spore bacteria, 3-8 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 8-12 parts of enzymolysis amino acid polypeptide powder, 45-55 parts of glucose, 3-8 parts of calcium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 10-15 parts of dipotassium phosphate; the viable count of the purple lilac spore bacteria is 120-180 hundred million cfu/g; the viable bacteria amount in the trichoderma harzianum is 180-220 hundred million cfu/g;
the microbial agent for preventing and controlling the ginger nematode contains viable bacteria of purplish purple spore fungus with the viable bacteria amount more than or equal to 5 hundred million cfu/g;
the microbial agent for preventing and treating ginger nematode contains more than or equal to 5 hundred million cfu/g of trichoderma harzianum live bacteria; the application amount of the microbial inoculum is 20-60kg per mu.
2. The application of the composition as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of purple lilac spore bacteria, 5 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 10 parts of zymolytic amino acid polypeptide powder, 50 parts of glucose, 5 parts of calcium hydroxide, 12.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 12.5 parts of dipotassium phosphate.
3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: and mixing the microbial agent with soil or fertilizer and then applying the mixture to the soil.
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