CN114207317A - 轨道式张紧器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种轨道式张紧器,包括:环形基部;环,该环在滚珠轴承上与环形基部进行轴颈连接,所述环有环旋转轴线(A‑A);第一带轮,该第一带轮与环进行轴颈连接,第一带轮旋转轴线(B‑B)从环旋转轴线(A‑A)偏移;枢轴臂,该枢轴臂枢转安装在环上,枢轴臂枢转轴线(C‑C)从环旋转轴线(A‑A)偏移;第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂进行轴颈连接;扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧沿第一方向偏压枢轴臂,滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈,环固定在第一座圈上,环形基部固定在第二座圈上;以及阻尼机构,该阻尼机构摩擦地布置在环和基部之间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种轨道式张紧器,更特别是涉及下列轨道式张紧器,该轨道式张紧器有:滚珠轴承,该滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈;环,该环安装在滚珠轴承第一座圈上;以及环形基部,该环形基部安装在滚珠轴承第二座圈上。
背景技术
多肋皮带通常用于机动车辆上,以便在发动机曲轴和附件部件之间传递动力。在传统的传动装置上,发动机曲轴带轮通过一个皮带或多个皮带来驱动附件。当通过皮带来驱动多个附件时,通常使用张紧器。即使当张紧器臂合适地定位时,皮带安装张紧力也可能相对于皮带的长度公差而稍微改变。
除了在IC发动机操作时通过交流发电机来正常发电之外,电动发电机单元(MGU)还用于实现BSG(皮带启动机-发电机)IC发动机启动-停止、用于提高发动机加速的扭矩辅助以及恢复发电。通过使用BSG技术能够显著节省燃料和减少排气。
为了在两种不同驱动模式(即MGU驱动以及由发动机驱动的MGU发电)下控制张紧力,开发了轨道式张紧器。张紧器通常有旋转环和枢轴臂,该枢轴臂通过一个弹簧而与旋转环连接。张紧器安装在MGU上。这种形式的张紧器可以在两种模式中控制皮带操作张紧力:电动和发电。不过,与传统的单臂张紧器不同,以减小张紧力变化的优化方式定位轨道式张紧器带轮并不实际。由于皮带长度公差以及带轮的位置和尺寸,安装张紧力变化可能显著高于单臂张紧器。皮带张紧力是确定皮带驱动器的摩擦损失或功率损失的重要因素,因此希望在不损失系统功能性能的情况下降低皮带张紧力。
现有技术在基部和旋转环之间使用塑料衬套,以方便运动。
本领域的代表是US20190078667,它公开了一种张紧器,该张紧器包括:基部,该基部限定了孔,该孔有中心C,该孔的直径足以接收从动带轮;旋转臂,该旋转臂通过与基部连接的保持部件而与该基部接合,旋转臂可绕中心C旋转;枢轴臂,该枢轴臂在枢轴上安装于旋转臂上,枢轴从中心C偏移;第一带轮,该第一带轮与旋转臂进行轴颈连接;第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂进行轴颈连接;扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧接合在旋转臂和枢轴臂之间,用于将第二带轮朝向第一带轮偏压;阻尼部件,该阻尼部件摩擦接合在基部和旋转臂之间,且旋转臂限定用于接收第一带轮紧固件的部分,第一带轮位置因此是可调节的。
需要一种轨道式张紧器,它有:滚珠轴承,该滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈;环,该环安装在滚珠轴承第一座圈上;以及环形基部,该环形基部安装在滚珠轴承第二座圈上。本发明满足了这种需要。
发明内容
本发明的主要方面提供了一种轨道式张紧器,它有:滚珠轴承,该滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈;环,该环安装在滚珠轴承第一座圈上;以及环形基部,该环形基部安装在滚珠轴承第二座圈上。
将通过下面的发明内容和附图来指出或清楚本发明的其它方面。
本发明是一种轨道式张紧器,它包括:环形基部;环,该环在滚珠轴承上与环形基部轴颈连接,所述环有环旋转轴线(A-A);第一带轮,该第一带轮与环轴颈连接,第一带轮旋转轴线(B-B)从环旋转轴线(A-A)偏移;枢轴臂,该枢轴臂枢转地安装在环上,枢轴臂枢轴轴线(C-C)从环旋转轴线(A-A)偏移;第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂轴颈连接;扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧沿第一方向偏压枢轴臂,滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈,环固定在第一座圈上,环形基部固定在第二座圈上;以及阻尼机构,该阻尼机构摩擦地布置在环和基部之间。
前面已经相当广义地概述了本发明的特征和技术优点,以便可以更好地理解下面对本发明的详细说明。本发明的附加特征和优点将在下文中介绍,它们形成本发明的权利要求的主题。本领域技术人员应当理解,公开的概念和具体实施例可以很容易地用作改变或设计用于实现本发明相同目的的其它结构的基础。本领域技术人员还应当认识到,这些等效结构并不脱离如在附加权利要求中阐述的本发明精神和范围。当结合附图考虑时,从下面的说明中将更好地理解认为是本发明特性(关于它的组织和操作方法)的新颖特征以及其它目的和优点。不过,应当清楚地理解,提供的各附图只是用于示例说明的目的,并不用作对本发明的限制。
附图说明
包含在说明书中并形成说明书一部分的附图表示了本发明的优选实施例,并与说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是张紧器的后视透视图。
图2是张紧器的正视透视图。
图3是张紧器的正视平面图。
图4是分解图。
图5是沿图3中的剖面5-5的视图。
图6是具有本发明张紧器的MGU系统。
具体实施方式
图1是张紧器的后透视图。张紧器1000包括基部10、环20和枢轴臂30。滚珠轴承40布置在基部10和环20之间。基部10和环20一起轴颈连接在滚珠轴承40上。
带轮21在轴承22上与环20轴颈连接。带轮31在轴承34上与枢轴臂30轴颈连接。带轮21的旋转轴线B-B从轴承40的旋转轴线A-A偏移,因此从环20的旋转轴线偏移。枢轴臂30绕枢轴轴线C-C枢转。环20相对于基部10绕轴线A-A旋转地平移。在操作中,环20根据皮带张紧力变化和MGU系统操作状态而绕轴线A-A在不同位置之间振荡。
皮带被牵引在附件驱动系统中。皮带接合带轮21和带轮31。附件驱动系统可以包括某些发动机驱动的附件,包括水泵、燃料喷射泵、空调压缩机、油泵、动力转向泵等,见图6。
基部10有环形或环面状的形式,并包括具有孔11的安装托架。安装托架用于使用紧固件例如螺栓而将张紧器附接在电动机发电机单元(MGU)上。轴线A-A与MGU轴MGUS的旋转轴线对齐,见图6。基部环形形状与轴线A-A对齐。
在公开的实施例中,轴承40包括30BD40双列角接触轴承,例如可从Bauhaun、Taide、NSK、Nachi或SKF获得。其它公司也提供合适的双列轴承。用于本文所述实施例的实例尺寸是30mm ID×55mm OD×23mm宽。根据用户需要,也可以使用密封深槽单列轴承。单列轴承的实例尺寸是30mm ID×55mm OD×13mm宽。任一类型的轴承优选是密封的,以便保持润滑剂和抗污染。润滑剂可以包括本领域已知的油脂或油。
轴承40压配合装配至基部10和环20中。轴承40的内座圈41铆接在环20上。轴承40的外座圈42铆接在基部10的柱形部分12上。铆接通常称为将两个部件固定在一起的手段,例如,见https://www.assemblymag.com/articles/87755-assembly-presses-crimp ing-staking-swaging-clinching。
滚珠轴承40的使用提高了环20与基部10的长期操作对齐。带轮21、31从基部10的平面向外位移,因此当施加皮带张紧负载时,将产生力偶。该力偶用于使环20相对于基部10旋转。现有技术的轨道式张紧器利用塑料衬套来抵抗力偶以及保持基部和环的共面对齐。不过,塑料衬套随着时间而劣化,从而导致环和基部逐渐不对齐,因此带轮与皮带平面不对齐。这又导致不希望的噪音和皮带过早磨损。当继续不对齐时,皮带最终会与带轮脱开。不适当的噪声也能成为一个因素。另一方面,与塑料衬套相比,滚珠轴承更耐用和持续更长时间,并随时间推移更精确地保持环和基部之间的对齐。双排轴承优于单排轴承,因为它与单排轴承相比更能抵抗“摇摆”。不过,根据系统设计,可以选择任一种。也可以同样成功地使用滚针轴承。
图2是张紧器的正视透视图。轴承40的内座圈41压配合装配至环20的柱形部分25上。座圈41铆接在部分25上。部分25可以包括空心柱体或实心轴。销37在安装过程中与环20中的孔38接合。销37将枢轴臂30保持在预定位置。
图3是张紧器的正视平面图。在该实施例中,带轮21、31位于张紧器的相同侧,通常面向MGU。这可以称为倒置设计。
图4是分解图。阻尼机构包括元件51、52、53。摩擦元件53接合环20。波形弹簧51按压在钢环52上。环52通过将法向力从波形弹簧51分配至摩擦元件53而保护元件53。摩擦元件53通过凸片54而锁定在基部10上,以便防止元件53的相对旋转。摩擦元件53对环20的运动进行阻尼。
带轮21轴颈支承在轴承22上。防尘罩24防止碎屑进入轴承22。螺栓23将防尘罩24和轴承22保持在环20上,从而将带轮21保持在环20上。
带轮31轴颈连接在轴承34上。防尘罩35防止碎屑进入轴承34。螺栓36将防尘罩35和轴承34保持在枢轴臂30上,从而将带轮31保持在枢轴臂30上。
销37暂时接合在枢轴臂30和基部10之间。可移除的销37将枢轴臂30锁定在预定安装位置。在张紧器安装于MGU上的最终位置中之后,安装者移除销37,从而释放枢轴臂30和带轮31,以便向皮带施加负载。
弹簧32的端部39支承在止动件26上。弹簧32沿退绕方向负载。端部391支承在枢轴臂30中的止动件392上。
图5是沿图3中的剖面5-5的视图。表示了双列轴承40。内座圈41压配合装配在柱形部分25上。外座圈42压配合装配在柱形部分12中。轴承的使用使得不需要现有技术的连接方式(在现有技术中,环夹持基部或基部夹持环)。相反,本发明的张紧器完全通过轴承来连接环和基部,而不需要夹具或重叠式接头。
当与塑料衬套相比时,轴承40在较小运动阻力的情况下使得环在基部上更精确地运动。
阻尼机构51、52、53接合在基部10和环20之间,以便对环运动进行阻尼。凸片54分别与基部10中的部分13接合,以便防止摩擦元件53相对于基部10运动。这样,在摩擦元件53和环20之间摩擦阻尼运动。在替代实施例中,摩擦元件53锁定在环20上,在摩擦元件53和基部10之间发生相等效果的相对摩擦运动。
图6是具有本发明的张紧器的MGU系统。张紧器1000安装在MGU上,该MGU作为附件驱动系统的一部分。皮带B被牵引在发动机曲轴CRK上的带轮、空调压缩机AC和具有MGU轴MGUS的MGU之间。惰轮IDL用于使皮带在发动机上合适布线。枢轴臂30将带轮31压靠在皮带上,以便施加皮带张紧负载。皮带负载防止皮带在系统带轮上滑动,这可能导致噪声和皮带过早磨损。
对于停止/启动操作,MGU在发动机操作时产生电力。在该模式中,MGU由发动机驱动。当发动机停止时,MGU成为驱动器,并提供用于发动机的启动动力。MGU通过使用电动离合器(未示出)来保持空调压缩机操作。电动离合器安装在空调压缩机上,并由车辆ECU控制。曲轴CRK还可以包括单向离合器(未示出),以方便操作。
一种轨道式张紧器包括:环形基部;环,该环通过滚珠轴承而与环形基部旋转接合,该环有环旋转轴线A-A;第一带轮,该第一带轮与环轴颈连接,并有第一带轮旋转轴线B-B,该第一带轮旋转轴线B-B从环旋转轴线A-A偏移;枢轴臂,该枢轴臂枢转地安装在环上,枢轴臂枢轴轴线C-C从环旋转轴线A-A偏移;第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂轴颈连接;扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧沿第一方向偏压枢轴臂,滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈,环铆接在第一座圈上,环形基部铆接在第二座圈上;以及阻尼机构,该阻尼机构摩擦地布置在环和基部之间。
一种轨道式张紧器包括:环形基部;环,该环在滚珠轴承上与环形基部轴颈连接,环有环旋转轴线A-A;第一带轮,该第一带轮与环轴颈连接,第一带轮旋转轴线B-B从环旋转轴线A-A偏移;枢轴臂,该枢轴臂枢转地安装在环上,枢轴臂枢轴轴线C-C从环旋转轴线A-A偏移;第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂轴颈连接;扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧沿第一方向偏压枢轴臂,滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈,环固定在第一座圈上,环形基部固定在第二座圈上;以及阻尼机构,该阻尼机构摩擦地布置在环和基部之间。
一种轨道式张紧器包括:基部;环,该环和基部一起轴颈连接在滚珠轴承上,所述环具有环旋转轴线A-A;第一带轮,该第一带轮与环轴颈连接,第一带轮旋转轴线B-B从环旋转轴线A-A偏移;枢轴臂,该枢轴臂枢转地安装在环上,枢轴臂枢轴轴线C-C从环旋转轴线A-A偏移;第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂轴颈连接;扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧沿第一方向偏压枢轴臂;以及阻尼机构,该阻尼机构摩擦地布置在环和基部之间。
尽管本文已经介绍了本发明的一种形式,但是本领域技术人员显然知道,在不脱离本文所述的本发明精神和范围的情况下,可以对部件的结构和关系进行变化。除非另外明确说明,否则在附图中描绘的部件未按比例绘制。数字信息是示例性,并不用于限制本发明的范围,除非另外说明。而且,任何附加权利要求或权利要求元素援引U.S.C.§112(f),除非在特定权利要求中明确使用词语“用于……的装置”或“用于……的步骤”。本发明决不应局限于示例实施例或数字尺寸(当在附图中表示和在本文中描述时)。
Claims (20)
1.一种轨道式张紧器,包括:
环形基部;
环,该环在滚珠轴承上与环形基部进行轴颈连接,所述环有环旋转轴线(A-A);
第一带轮,该第一带轮与所述环进行轴颈连接,第一带轮旋转轴线(B-B)从环旋转轴线(A-A)偏移;
枢轴臂,该枢轴臂枢转地安装在所述环上,枢轴臂枢转轴线(C-C)从环旋转轴线(A-A)偏移;
第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂进行轴颈连接;
扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧沿第一方向偏压枢轴臂,
滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈,
环固定在第一座圈上,
环形基部固定在第二座圈上;以及
阻尼机构,该阻尼机构摩擦地布置在所述环和基部之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承铆接在所述环上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承铆接在基部上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:阻尼机构包括摩擦部件和弹簧。
5.根据权利要求1所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承包括双列轴承。
6.根据权利要求1所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承是密封轴承。
7.根据权利要求4所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:弹簧包括波形弹簧。
8.根据权利要求1所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承第一座圈是内座圈。
9.根据权利要求1所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承第一座圈是外座圈。
10.一种轨道式张紧器,包括:
环形基部;
环,该环通过滚珠轴承而与环形基部旋转地接合,所述环有环旋转轴线(A-A);
第一带轮,该第一带轮与所述环进行轴颈连接,并有第一带轮旋转轴线(B-B),该第一带轮旋转轴线(B-B)从环旋转轴线(A-A)偏移;
枢轴臂,该枢轴臂枢转地安装在所述环上,枢轴臂枢轴轴线(C-C)从环旋转轴线(A-A)偏移;
第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂进行轴颈连接;
扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧沿第一方向偏压枢轴臂;
滚珠轴承有第一座圈和第二座圈;
所述环铆接在第一座圈上;
环形基部铆接在第二座圈上;以及
阻尼机构,该阻尼机构摩擦地布置在所述环和基部之间。
11.根据权利要求10所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承是双列轴承。
12.根据权利要求10所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承是单列轴承。
13.根据权利要求12所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:单列轴承是深槽单列轴承。
14.根据权利要求11所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:阻尼机构包括波形弹簧和摩擦元件。
15.一种轨道式张紧器,包括:
基部;
环,该环和基部一起轴颈连接在滚珠轴承上,所述环有环旋转轴线(A-A);
第一带轮,该第一带轮与所述环进行轴颈连接,第一带轮旋转轴线(B-B)从环旋转轴线(A-A)偏移;
枢轴臂,该枢轴臂枢转地安装在所述环上,枢轴臂枢轴轴线(C-C)从环旋转轴线(A-A)偏移;
第二带轮,该第二带轮与枢轴臂进行轴颈连接;
扭转弹簧,该扭转弹簧沿第一方向偏压枢轴臂;以及
阻尼机构,该阻尼机构摩擦地布置在所述环和基部之间。
16.根据权利要求15所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承包括密封双列轴承。
17.根据权利要求15所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:滚珠轴承包括密封深槽单列轴承。
18.根据权利要求15所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:阻尼机构包括波形弹簧和摩擦元件。
19.根据权利要求15所述的轨道式张紧器,其中:基部和环铆接在滚珠轴承上。
20.根据权利要求15所述的轨道式张紧器,还包括:可移除销,该可移除销与枢轴臂和基部接合。
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US20210041010A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
US20220260138A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
BR112022002230A2 (pt) | 2022-04-19 |
EP4010612A1 (en) | 2022-06-15 |
TWI753515B (zh) | 2022-01-21 |
TW202116578A (zh) | 2021-05-01 |
JP7404505B2 (ja) | 2023-12-25 |
JP2022543807A (ja) | 2022-10-14 |
WO2021026319A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
US11333223B2 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
CA3148781A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
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