CN114200087A - Expiration tester and using method thereof - Google Patents
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- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
- G01N33/0016—Sample conditioning by regulating a physical variable, e.g. pressure or temperature
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Abstract
The invention discloses an expiration tester, which comprises: the device comprises an expiration acquisition and pretreatment module, an environmental gas pretreatment module and a sensor detection module. In the breath collection and pretreatment module, a collection unit comprises a breath pretreatment filtering membrane, a carbon dioxide sensor and a gas sampling bag which are sequentially arranged in a breath pipeline behind a gas blowing port, and the pretreatment unit comprises a detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane and a detection gas refrigeration module which are sequentially arranged in a detection gas pipeline; the environment gas pretreatment module comprises an environment gas pretreatment filtering membrane and an environment gas refrigeration module which are sequentially arranged in the environment gas pipeline; the sensor detection module comprises a first control valve, a detection pump body, a gas sensor and a detection gas and environment temperature, humidity and pressure sensor. The exhalation tester and the use method thereof avoid the pretreatment of trace components in the exhaled breath in a mode of concentration, enrichment and desorption, are simple and convenient, simultaneously keep the original state of the exhaled breath, and are favorable for improving the accuracy of gas identification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an expiration tester and a using method thereof.
Background
The exhaled breath of human body contains trace and trace volatile compounds closely related to human metabolism or flora metabolism in vivo, and can comprehensively measure the personal physical state. Compared with the traditional biochemical detection methods such as blood examination, urine examination, imaging examination, tissue section and the like, the exhaled breath detection has great advantages in the fields of personal health management and disease preliminary screening. Exhaled breath detection is a completely non-invasive detection method, which has great advantages in detection frequency, sample acquisition and detection cost.
The existing exhaled breath detection gold standard is a detection method based on a GC-MS platform, needs to be operated by professional personnel due to huge equipment and complex operation and analysis, is not suitable for being widely used in clinic and is not suitable for being used at home.
Characteristic markers in exhaled breath associated with the course of the disease comprise inorganic volatile gases and organic volatile compounds, typically at concentrations of ppt-ppm (10)-12～10-6) In order to facilitate detection, concentration and enrichment are usually adopted to increase the concentration of the target molecules. For example, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) in exhaled breath are collected by enrichment and then detected by a GC-MS method. However, a large number of disease-related molecules, especially inorganic volatile markers, are often lost during the concentration/enrichment process. In addition, desorption is carried out after enrichment and concentration, and then testing and analysis are carried out, so that the time consumption is long, and the rapid diagnosis, screening and result feedback are not facilitated.
The existing online detection methods such as SIFT-MS, PTR-MS and the like can realize real-time online detection, but the cost is high, and the inorganic volatile gas is difficult to measure.
In summary, how to effectively solve the problems that molecules with disease correlation are lost in the concentration/enrichment process of the breath tester to influence the test result and the like is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an expiration tester, which can effectively solve the problem that the test result is affected by the loss of molecules related to diseases during the concentration/enrichment process of the expiration tester.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an exhalation tester, comprising:
the breath collection and pretreatment module comprises a breath collection unit and a breath pretreatment unit, wherein the breath collection unit comprises a breath pretreatment filtering membrane and a carbon dioxide sensor which are sequentially arranged in the breath pipeline; the breath pretreatment unit comprises a detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane arranged in the detection gas pipeline and a detection gas refrigeration module used for cooling the detection gas;
the environment gas pretreatment module comprises an environment gas pretreatment filtering membrane and an environment gas refrigeration module, wherein the environment gas pretreatment filtering membrane and the environment gas refrigeration module are sequentially arranged in the environment gas pipeline;
the sensor detection module comprises a first control valve, a detection pump body and a gas sensor which are sequentially connected, wherein a first inlet of the first control valve is connected with the air outlet end of the pretreatment module through a detection gas temperature and humidity pressure sensor, a second inlet of the first control valve is connected with the air outlet end of the pretreatment module through an environment air temperature and humidity pressure sensor, and an outlet of the first control valve is connected with the detection pump body.
Preferably, in the above expiration tester, the expiration pretreatment filtering membrane and the carbon dioxide sensor are sequentially disposed behind the air blowing port, and the expiration collection unit further comprises an expiration check valve connected to the rear side of the expiration pretreatment filtering membrane and a gas sampling bag connected to the rear side of the carbon dioxide sensor.
Preferably, in the above exhalation tester, the exhalation collecting unit further includes an exhalation refrigerating module.
Preferably, in the above exhalation tester, the exhalation refrigeration module further includes a condensate collector communicated with the exhalation pipeline, and the condensate can be used for performing chromatography or mass spectrometry detection of exhaled breath.
Preferably, among the above-mentioned expiration tester, the expiration collection unit still includes the admission valve, the inlet end of admission valve with carbon dioxide sensor's gas outlet is connected, the first end of giving vent to anger of admission valve with the air inlet of gas sampling bag is connected, and the second end of giving vent to anger communicates with the external world.
Preferably, in the above expiration tester, a connection part between the carbon dioxide sensor and the air inlet valve is provided with a cleaning pump body for cleaning the expiration pipeline, and an air inlet end of the cleaning pump body is provided with a filtering membrane.
Preferably, in the above exhalation tester, the exhalation collecting unit further includes a flow sensor or a flow rate sensor disposed in the exhalation pipe behind the exhalation pretreatment filter membrane.
Preferably, in the above expiration tester, in the expiration collection and pretreatment module, the expiration collection unit may be independent of the expiration pretreatment unit, the gas sampling bag is detachably connected in the expiration pipeline, and in the online test mode, the expiration collection unit is connected to the expiration pretreatment unit through the gas sampling bag; in the off-line test mode, the breath collecting unit collects breath to obtain a gas sampling bag, and the gas sampling bag is connected to the front of the detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane for detection during detection.
Preferably, in the above expiration tester, the expiration pretreatment unit is provided with a visual module for reading the relevant information on the gas sampling bag.
Preferably, in the above expiration tester, the sensor detection module further includes a detection air filtering membrane disposed in front of an air inlet of the detection air temperature and humidity pressure sensor and an ambient air filtering membrane disposed in front of an air inlet of the ambient air temperature and humidity pressure sensor; the detection gas filtering membrane is communicated with the gas outlet end of the expiration pretreatment unit, and the environment gas filtering membrane is communicated with the gas outlet end of the environment gas pretreatment module.
Preferably, in the above expiration tester, the sensor detection module further includes a second control valve for switching an outlet of the first control valve to communicate with the outside or communicate with the gas sensor.
Preferably, the breath tester further comprises a power supply module for supplying power, a microcomputer control interaction module for controlling, and a display module for outputting.
When the expiration tester provided by the invention is applied, part of water vapor and filter bacteria in expired air are removed by the expiration pretreatment filter membrane; and selectively extracting the segmented exhaled air to be detected through a carbon dioxide sensor, emptying if the blown air does not meet the acquisition requirement, and performing subsequent testing if the blown air meets the requirement. The exhaled air is cooled through the refrigeration module, and water vapor of the exhaled air is removed, so that the humidity of the exhaled air is the same as that of the ambient air. Since the humidity in exhaled breath of a human body is close to%, the humidity has a significant influence on gas detection, and the response of the gas sensor to trace components in exhaled breath may be submerged. Therefore, the exhaled air is reduced to a lower temperature through temperature reduction and dehumidification, the humidity of the exhaled air is correspondingly reduced, and finally the humidity corresponding to the saturated vapor pressure at the temperature can be reduced, so that the interference of the humidity to the test is reduced. And the pretreatment of the gas is realized by a cooling mode, so that more trace components in the exhaled breath are reserved. The pretreated expired air enters the gas sensor to be correspondingly detected under the action of the detection pump body. In addition, by adding the environmental gas pretreatment module, the environmental gas during expiration is collected during testing, so that the influence of trace and trace components in the environmental gas on detection is eliminated. In conclusion, the exhalation tester provided by the invention avoids the pretreatment of trace components in the exhaled breath in a concentration, enrichment and desorption manner, is simple, convenient and short in time consumption, simultaneously reserves the original state of the exhaled breath, and the test components can contain trace inorganic and organic volatile components, thereby being beneficial to improving the accuracy of gas identification.
The invention also provides a using method of the breath tester, which is used for any one breath tester, has two modes of an online test mode and an offline test mode, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the expired air of the air blowing port collects the filtration membrane and the carbon dioxide sensor before expiration through expiration and reaches the gas sampling bag, and in the online test mode, the expired air collection unit is directly connected with the expired air pretreatment unit through the gas sampling bag; in the off-line mode, the gas sampling bag is conveyed to a test place after being collected, and is connected to the front end of a detection gas pipeline of the pre-expiration processing unit;
step two: after passing through the environmental gas pretreatment filtering membrane and the environmental gas refrigeration module, the environmental gas flows through the environmental air temperature and humidity pressure sensor, the temperature, the humidity and the pressure of the environmental gas are detected and recorded, and the environmental gas is pumped into the gas sensor by the detection pump body through the first control valve to perform baseline collection;
step three: under the condition that the detection pump body and the gas sensor continuously work, the first control valve is switched to switch the ambient gas into detection gas, the detection gas passes through the detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane and the detection gas refrigeration module and flows through the detection gas temperature, humidity and pressure sensor to detect the temperature, humidity and pressure of the detection gas, the test results of the detection gas temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the ambient temperature, humidity and pressure sensor are compared, if the detection gas temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the ambient temperature, humidity and pressure sensor meet the preset difference range, the detection gas flows through the first control valve and is pumped into the gas sensor to be detected, otherwise, the detection gas is stopped before expiration is unqualified, and the cleaning state is entered;
step four: after the expiration test, under the condition that the detection pump body and the gas sensor work continuously, the first control valve is switched again, and the ambient gas is introduced, so that the gas sensor recovers the initial state, and one test is completed.
The use method of the exhaled gas tester provided by the invention avoids the pretreatment of trace components in exhaled gas in a mode of concentration, enrichment and desorption, is simple, convenient and short in time consumption, simultaneously reserves the original state of the exhaled gas, and the test components can contain trace inorganic and organic volatile components, thereby being beneficial to improving the accuracy of gas identification.
The exhalation tester and the using method thereof provided by the invention can be used for online real-time testing of the exhaled breath and can also be used for offline testing; the integration of multiple sensors, flow or flow rate sensors, carbon dioxide sensors, gas sensors and the like, provides a multidimensional characterization method for exhaled breath; the modularized combination form is convenient for structure combination, maintenance and multi-scene application; the pretreatment of the gas is realized by a cooling mode, the trace components in the exhaled breath are prevented from being pretreated by a concentration, enrichment and desorption mode, the method is simple, convenient and short in time consumption, more trace components in the exhaled breath are reserved, the original state of the exhaled breath is reserved, the test components contain trace inorganic and organic volatile components, and the accuracy of gas identification is improved; the measured response dynamics curve takes the current period of ambient air as a baseline, and the influence of background gas on expiration detection is directly deducted, so that the direct relevance of expiration signals is enhanced, and the accuracy of testing and distinguishing is improved; in addition, the exhalation is gathered the back, and gaseous pretreatment is accomplished in the instrument, can collect the exhalation condensate liquid simultaneously, and then can carry out the expiration detection of many test methods: the sensor test of low molecular weight gas and the mass spectrum detection of slightly high molecular weight in condensate can cover more gas detection components, and the accuracy of test discrimination is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an breath collection unit in an exhalation tester in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exhalation tester in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
The drawings are numbered as follows:
the breath detection device comprises an expired air acquisition unit 1, an expired air pretreatment unit 2, an ambient air pretreatment module 3 and a sensor detection module 4;
the device comprises a filtration membrane 101 for the treatment before expiration, an expiration one-way valve 102, an expiration refrigeration module 103, a condensate collector 104, a flow rate sensor 105, a carbon dioxide sensor 106, a cleaning pump body 107, a filtration membrane 108, an air inlet valve 109 and a gas sampling bag 110;
the vision module 201 is used for detecting the gas pretreatment filtering membrane 202 and the gas refrigeration module 203;
an ambient gas pretreatment filtering membrane 301 and an ambient gas refrigeration module 302;
the device comprises a detection air filtering membrane 401, a detection air temperature and humidity pressure sensor 402, a first control valve 403, a detection pump body 404, a second control valve 405, an air sensor 406, an ambient air filtering membrane 407 and an ambient air temperature and humidity pressure sensor 408.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses an expired gas tester, which is used for avoiding the pretreatment of trace components in expired gas in a mode of concentration, enrichment and desorption.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an expired air collection unit in an expired air tester according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the breath tester provided by the invention comprises an breath acquisition and pretreatment module, an ambient gas pretreatment module 3 and a sensor detection module 4. The breath collecting and preprocessing module comprises a breath collecting unit 1 and a breath preprocessing unit 2.
The exhalation acquisition unit 1 includes an exhalation preprocessing filter film 101 and a carbon dioxide sensor 106 provided in an exhalation line. The filtration membrane 101 before expiration may specifically be a conventional waterproof breathable membrane or a filtration membrane, and is not particularly limited herein. The carbon dioxide sensor 106 is used to selectively extract the segmented exhaled breath to be detected. If the insufflation is not satisfactory or the expiratory dead space, the concentration of carbon dioxide is usually less than a predetermined value, for example, less than 4.5%, where the value can be adjusted according to the actual expiratory segment to be collected, for example, the predetermined value is 5.3% when collecting alveolar air. When the concentration of the carbon dioxide detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 106 is greater than the corresponding preset value, the collected exhaled air meets the collection requirement, otherwise, the collected exhaled air does not meet the collection requirement.
Furthermore, the exhaled breath collecting unit 1 further includes an exhaled breath check valve 102 connected to the back of the exhaled breath pretreatment filter membrane 101, and a gas sampling bag 110 connected to the back of the carbon dioxide sensor 106. The direction of the expiratory flow is ensured by the arrangement of the expiratory check valve 102.
Specifically, the expiratory air collecting unit 1 further includes an expiratory air refrigerating module 103 for cooling and dehumidifying the expiratory pipeline, so that the content of carbon dioxide in the expiratory air detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 106 is more accurate and reliable. The specific structure of the exhalation refrigeration module 103 can refer to the conventional refrigeration structure in the prior art, and is not limited in detail here. The expiratory refrigeration module 103 further comprises a condensate collector 104 communicated with the expiratory pipeline, and the collected condensate can be used for other detection methods, such as mass spectrometry detection, i.e. the expiratory condensate can be used for mass spectrometry detection. Generally, the characteristic molecules in the expiratory condensate are VOCs, while the uncondensed components in the gas sampling bag 110 contain inorganic and organic volatile substances and have relatively low molecular weight, and the detection of the condensate can expand the detection molecular weight section and improve the gas identification dimension.
Specifically, the exhaled air collecting unit 1 further includes an air inlet valve 109, an air inlet end of the air inlet valve 109 is connected to an air outlet of the carbon dioxide sensor 106, a first air outlet end of the air inlet valve 109 is connected to an air inlet of the air sampling bag 110, and a second air outlet end is communicated with the outside. The gas inlet valve 109 is used for switching the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide sensor 106 to be communicated with the gas sampling bag 110 or communicated with the outside. The air inlet valve 109 may be a three-way valve, such as a three-way solenoid valve, an inlet of the three-way valve is communicated with an air outlet of the carbon dioxide sensor 106, a first outlet of the three-way valve is communicated with the gas sampling bag 110, and a second outlet of the three-way valve is communicated to the outside, so as to switch the inlet to be communicated with the first outlet or communicated with the second outlet through the change of the position of the valve core. If necessary, the air intake valve 109 may be two electromagnetic valves respectively disposed between the carbon dioxide sensor 106 and the gas sampling bag 110 and between the carbon dioxide sensor 106 and the outside.
Further, the expired air collection unit 1 further comprises a cleaning pump 107 arranged at the communication position of the carbon dioxide sensor 106 and the air inlet valve 109 and used for cleaning the expired air pipeline, and a filtering membrane 108 is arranged at the air inlet end of the pump.
Furthermore, the breath collection unit 1 further comprises a flow sensor or flow rate sensor 105 arranged in the breathing line behind the pre-expiration treatment filter membrane 101. In the exhaled breath test in different scenes, the lung function condition has an influence on the disease state test, so that the lung function is correspondingly evaluated by arranging a flow sensor or a flow velocity sensor 105.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exhalation tester according to an embodiment of the invention.
Taking the exhalation tester shown in fig. 1 and 2 as an example, in one embodiment, the exhalation tester provided by the invention comprises an exhalation acquisition and pretreatment module, an environmental gas pretreatment module and a sensor detection module.
In the expiration collection and pretreatment module, an expiration collection unit 1 comprises an expiration pretreatment filtering membrane 101 and a carbon dioxide sensor 106 which are sequentially arranged in an expiration pipeline; the pre-treatment unit 2 for expiration comprises a detection gas pre-treatment filtering membrane 202 arranged in a detection gas pipeline and a detection gas refrigerating module 203 for cooling the detection gas.
The environmental gas pretreatment module 3 comprises an environmental gas pretreatment filtering membrane 301 arranged in an environmental gas pipeline and an environmental gas refrigeration module 302 used for cooling the environmental gas.
Specifically, the ambient air passes through the ambient air pretreatment filter membrane 301 to filter dust and bacteria in the air, and enters the sensor detection module after passing through the ambient air refrigeration module 302 through the pipeline channel. The ambient air refrigeration module 302 may specifically be shared with the test air refrigeration module 203.
The sensor detection module 4 comprises a first control valve 403, a detection pump body 404 and a gas sensor 406 which are sequentially connected, wherein a first inlet of the first control valve 403 is connected with an air outlet end of the exhalation collection and pretreatment module through a detection gas temperature and humidity pressure sensor 402, a second inlet is connected with an air outlet end of the environmental gas pretreatment module through an environmental temperature and humidity pressure sensor 407, and an outlet of the first control valve 403 is connected with the detection pump body 404. That is, in the sensor detection module, the ambient gas and the exhaled gas to be detected are pumped from the detection pump body 404 into the gas sensor 406 through the first control valve 403 from two independent pipelines for detection. In the detection, the deduction of the background gas directly influences the detection accuracy and reliability, and in the design of the breath detector, an environmental gas pretreatment module is added and used for collecting the environmental gas in the breath during the test and eliminating the influence of trace and trace components in the environmental gas on the detection. For the online detection mode, the whole process of the environmental gas collection and the breath collection is kept at the same time and the same place; for the offline detection mode, in order to test the accuracy, on the premise that the components of the ambient air and the components of the exhaled air are not greatly different during collection, the collection of the ambient air baseline at the same place and at the similar time is ensured as much as possible. The gas sensor 406 may be embodied as a multi-channel sensor for simultaneous multiple detection. The detection pump body 404 may be a micro air pump.
The first control valve 403 may be a three-way valve, such as a three-way solenoid valve, and the first inlet and the outlet are communicated by changing the position of the valve core, or the second inlet and the outlet are communicated. As required, the first control valve 403 may be switched by switching on and off two electromagnetic valves respectively disposed between the detected air temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 402 and the air sensor 406 and between the ambient air temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 407 and the air sensor 406.
When the exhalation tester provided by the invention is applied, part of water vapor and filter bacteria in the exhaled breath are removed through the filter membrane before exhalation; and selectively extracting the segmented exhaled air to be detected by the carbon dioxide sensor, emptying if the blown air does not meet the acquisition requirement, and performing subsequent testing if the blown air meets the acquisition requirement. The cavity is cooled through the exhalation refrigeration module, so that the water vapor of the exhaled air in the sampling bag is removed, and the humidity of the sampling bag is the same as that of the ambient air. Since the humidity in exhaled breath of a human body is close to 100%, the humidity has a significant influence on gas detection, and may overwhelm the response of the gas sensor to trace components in exhaled breath. Therefore, the exhaled air is reduced to a lower temperature, such as 0 ℃, the humidity of the exhaled air is correspondingly reduced, and finally the humidity corresponding to the saturated vapor pressure at the temperature can be reduced, so that the interference of the humidity to the test is reduced. And the pretreatment of the gas is realized by a cooling mode, so that more trace components in the exhaled breath are reserved. The pretreated expired air enters the gas sensor to be correspondingly detected under the action of the detection pump body. In addition, by adding the environmental gas pretreatment module, the environmental gas during expiration is collected during testing, so that the influence of trace and trace components in the environmental gas on detection is eliminated. In conclusion, the exhalation tester provided by the invention avoids the pretreatment of trace components in the exhaled breath in a concentration, enrichment and desorption manner, is simple, convenient and short in time consumption, simultaneously reserves the original state of the exhaled breath, and the test components can contain trace inorganic and organic volatile components, thereby being beneficial to improving the accuracy of gas identification.
In the above embodiments, the breath tester can be used for on-line testing on one hand and off-line testing on the other hand. Specifically, the exhaled air collection unit 1 may be independent of the exhaled air pretreatment unit 2, and the gas sampling bag 110 in the exhaled air collection unit may be detachably connected to the exhaled air pretreatment unit 2.
In the above embodiment, the front end of the pre-expiration processing unit 2 is provided with the visual module 201 for reading the relevant information on the gas sampling bag 110. The relevant information includes sample information encoded on the gas sampling bag 110, inflation status, etc. For the structure and the operation principle of the vision module 108, please refer to the prior art, which is not described herein.
Specifically, the sensor detection module 4 includes a detection air filtering membrane 401, an exhaled air temperature and humidity pressure sensor 402, an ambient air filtering membrane 407, and an ambient air temperature and humidity pressure sensor 408, which are sequentially arranged; the detection gas filtering membrane 401 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the exhalation pre-treatment unit 2, for example, a pipeline to be detected passing through the detection gas refrigeration module 203, and the ambient gas filtering membrane 402 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the ambient gas pre-treatment module, for example, a pipeline passing through the ambient gas refrigeration module 302. The detection gas filtration membrane 401, the ambient gas filtration membrane 407, and the filtration membrane 202 before expiration treatment may be the same as or different from the ambient gas pretreatment filtration membrane 203 in terms of material.
Further, the sensor detection module 4 further includes a second control valve 405 for switching the outlet of the first control valve 403 to communicate with the outside or to communicate with the gas sensor 406. The test results of the exhaled air temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 402 and the ambient air temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 408 are compared, and when significant difference exists, which indicates that the treatment before exhalation is unqualified, the exhaled air temperature, humidity and pressure sensor is directly emptied through the second control valve 405, the test is stopped, and the equipment cleaning process is started. The second control valve 405 may be a three-way valve, such as a three-way solenoid valve, an inlet of which is communicated with an air outlet of the detection pump body 404, a first outlet of which is communicated with the outside, and a second outlet of which is communicated with the gas sensor 406.
The breath tester provided by the invention can also comprise a power module, a microcomputer control and display module thereof and the like according to the requirement. The interactive object is an interactive object used by an interactive panel of the breath detector or other built-in instruments for using the process and control. When the system is used by a user, gas is directly blown in for online detection, or the gas sampling bag 110 is connected to a breath pretreatment module after the gas is blown out for offline mode testing, the breath detector testing process is started, a sensor obtains a complete response curve, data is uploaded to a server, data pretreatment is carried out at the rear end, the illness condition of gas mapping is identified through an algorithm model, and finally the result is fed back to the user.
The invention also discloses a using method of the breath tester, which is used for any breath tester, has two modes of an online test mode and an offline test mode, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the expired air of the air blowing port reaches the gas sampling bag through the filtration membrane and the carbon dioxide sensor before expiration, and in the online test mode, the expiration acquisition unit is directly connected with the detection gas pipeline of the pretreatment unit through the gas sampling bag to wait for the next step; in the off-line test mode, after the gas sampling bag finishes collecting, the gas sampling bag is conveyed to a test place and is connected to the front end of a detection gas pipeline of the expiration pretreatment unit;
step two: after passing through the environmental gas pretreatment filtering membrane and the environmental gas refrigeration module, the environmental gas flows through an environmental air temperature and humidity pressure sensor, the temperature, the humidity and the pressure of the environmental gas are detected and recorded, and the environmental gas is pumped into the gas sensor by the detection pump body through the first control valve to perform baseline collection;
step three: under the condition that the detection pump body and the gas sensor continuously work, a first control valve is switched to switch the ambient gas into detection gas, the detection gas passes through a detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane and a detection gas refrigeration module and flows through an expired gas temperature and humidity pressure sensor to detect the temperature, humidity and pressure of the detection gas, the test results of the detection gas temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the ambient temperature and humidity pressure sensor are compared, if the preset difference range is met, the expired gas flows through the first control valve and is pumped into the gas sensor to be detected, and if the preset difference range is not met, the expiration pretreatment is unqualified, the detection is stopped, and the cleaning state is entered;
step four: after the expiration test, under the condition that the pump body and the gas sensor work continuously, the first control valve is switched again, and the ambient gas is introduced, so that the gas sensor is recovered to the initial state, and one test is completed.
Taking the expiration tester shown in fig. 1 and 2 as an example, the online test specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the expired air of the air blowing port reaches the air inlet of the double-valve gas sampling bag 110 through the expired air collecting filtering membrane 101 and the carbon dioxide sensor 106, and the air outlet of the double-valve gas sampling bag 110 is directly connected with the detection air pipeline of the expired air pretreatment module;
step two: the ambient gas passes through the ambient gas pretreatment filtering membrane 301, the ambient gas refrigeration module 302, the ambient gas filtering membrane 407 and the ambient temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 408, the temperature, humidity and pressure of the gas are detected and recorded, and the gas is pumped into the gas sensor 406 from the detection pump body 404 through the first control valve 403 to perform baseline collection;
step three: under the condition that the detection pump body 404 and the gas sensor 406 continuously work, the first control valve 403 is switched to switch the ambient gas into the detection gas, the detection gas pretreated by the detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane 202 and the detection gas refrigeration module 203 passes through the detection gas filtering membrane 401 and flows through the detection gas temperature and humidity pressure sensor 402 to detect the temperature, humidity and pressure of the gas, the test results of the detection gas temperature and humidity pressure sensor 402 and the ambient temperature and humidity pressure sensor 408 are compared, if no significance difference exists, the exhaled gas flows through the first control valve 403 and is pumped into the gas sensor 406 to be detected, if the significance difference exists, the expiration pretreatment is unqualified, the detection is stopped, and the cleaning state is entered.
Step four: after the expiration test, under the condition that the pump body 404 and the gas sensor 406 are detected to continuously work, the first control valve 403 is switched again, and the ambient gas is introduced, so that the gas sensor 406 is restored to the initial state, and one test is completed.
In the off-line test mode, the breath collecting unit 1 and the breath pre-treatment unit 2 are mutually independent. Collecting exhaled breath, passing through an exhaled breath collecting filter membrane 101 and a carbon dioxide sensor 106, and reaching a gas sampling bag 110; and after the gas sampling bag finishes the collection, the gas sampling bag is conveyed to a test site, and is connected to the front end of the detection gas pipeline of the expiration pretreatment unit for subsequent detection.
In the above embodiment, the breath tester is divided into three cleaning units during cleaning:
the first process comprises the following steps of cleaning an expired air collection pipeline: the gas sampling bag 110 and the breathing pipeline at the front end of the carbon dioxide sensor 106 are disassembled, the cleaning drive is sent out by the cleaning pump body 107, the ambient air enters the cleaning pump body 107 through the filter membrane 108 and respectively leads to the carbon dioxide sensor 106 to clean the front end pipeline and leads to the air inlet valve 109 to clean the rear end pipeline;
and a second process, cleaning the expiration pretreatment and detection gas detection pipeline: the cleaning drive is provided by the detection pump body 404, and the air flows through the detection air pretreatment filtering membrane 202, the detection air filtering membrane 401, the detection air temperature and humidity pressure sensor 402, the first control valve 403, the detection pump body 404 and the second control valve 405 and is exhausted.
And a third process, cleaning an ambient gas pipeline: the cleaning drive is sent from the detection pump 404, and the air is exhausted from the ambient air pretreatment filter membrane 301 to the ambient air filter membrane 407, the ambient air temperature and humidity pressure sensor 408, the first control valve 403, the detection pump 404, and the second control valve 405.
The method for checking the cleaning passing of the pipeline comprises the following steps: the temperature and humidity pressure sensor 402 and the ambient temperature and humidity pressure sensor 408 have the same detection result.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (13)
1. An exhalation tester, comprising:
the breath collection and pretreatment module comprises a breath collection unit and a breath pretreatment unit, wherein the breath collection unit comprises a breath pretreatment filtering membrane (101) and a carbon dioxide sensor (106) which are sequentially arranged in the breath pipeline; the breath pretreatment unit comprises a detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane (202) arranged in the detection gas pipeline and a detection gas refrigeration module (203) used for cooling the detection gas;
the environmental gas pretreatment module comprises an environmental gas pretreatment filtering membrane (301) and an environmental gas refrigeration module (302) which are sequentially arranged in an environmental gas pipeline and are used for cooling the environmental gas;
the sensor detection module comprises a first control valve (403), a detection pump body (404) and a gas sensor (406) which are sequentially connected, wherein a first inlet of the first control valve (403) is connected with a gas outlet end of the pretreatment module through a detection gas temperature and humidity pressure sensor (402), a second inlet of the first control valve is connected with a gas outlet end of the pretreatment module through an environment gas temperature and humidity pressure sensor (408), a gas outlet end of the environment gas pretreatment module is connected, and an outlet of the first control valve (403) is connected with the detection pump body (404).
2. The exhalation tester of claim 1, wherein the filtration membrane (101) for pre-expiration treatment and the carbon dioxide sensor (106) are sequentially disposed behind the air blowing port, and the exhalation collecting unit further comprises an exhalation check valve (102) connected to the rear of the filtration membrane (101) for pre-expiration treatment and a gas sampling bag (110) connected to the rear of the carbon dioxide sensor (106).
3. The exhalation tester of claim 2, wherein the breath collection unit further comprises an exhalation refrigeration module (103).
4. The exhalation tester of claim 3, wherein the exhalation refrigeration module (103) further comprises a condensate collector (104) in communication with the exhalation line, the condensate being usable for chromatographic or mass spectrometric detection of exhaled breath.
5. The breath tester of claim 2, wherein the breath collecting unit further comprises an air inlet valve (109), an air inlet end of the air inlet valve (109) is connected with an air outlet of the carbon dioxide sensor (106), a first air outlet end of the air inlet valve (109) is connected with an air inlet of the gas sampling bag (110), and a second air outlet end is communicated with the outside.
6. The breath detector according to claim 5, wherein a cleaning pump body (107) for cleaning the breath pipeline is arranged at the communication position of the carbon dioxide sensor (106) and the air inlet valve (109), and a filter membrane (108) is arranged at the air inlet end of the cleaning pump body (107).
7. The exhalation tester of claim 2, wherein the breath collection unit further comprises a flow sensor or flow rate sensor (105) disposed in the exhalation line behind the pre-breath treatment filter membrane (101).
8. The breath tester according to claim 2, wherein in the breath collection and pre-treatment module, the breath collection unit is independent of the breath pre-treatment unit, the gas sampling bag (110) is detachably connected to the breath pipeline, and in the online test mode, the breath collection unit is connected to the breath pre-treatment unit through the gas sampling bag (110); in an off-line test mode, the breath collecting unit collects breath to obtain a gas sampling bag (110), and the gas sampling bag (110) is connected to the front of the detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane (202) for detection during detection.
9. The exhalation tester according to claim 8, characterized in that the pre-expiration processing unit is provided with a vision module (201) for reading information relating to the gas sampling bag (110).
10. The breath tester of claim 1, wherein the sensor detection module further comprises a detection air filtering membrane (401) disposed in front of an air inlet of the detection air temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (402) and an ambient air filtering membrane (407) disposed in front of an air inlet of the ambient air temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (408); the detection gas filtering membrane (401) is communicated with the gas outlet end of the expiration pretreatment unit, and the environment gas filtering membrane (407) is communicated with the gas outlet end of the environment gas pretreatment module.
11. The exhalation tester of claim 10, characterized in that the sensor detection module further comprises a second control valve (405) for switching the outlet of the first control valve (403) into communication with the outside or with the gas sensor (406).
12. The exhalation tester of any one of claims 1-11, further comprising a power module for supplying power, a microcomputer controlled interactive module for control, and a display module for output.
13. A method of using an exhalation tester as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 12, having two modes, an online test mode and an offline test mode, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps: the expired air of the air blowing port reaches a gas sampling bag (110) through the expiration pretreatment filtering membrane (101) and the carbon dioxide sensor (106), and the expiration collection unit is directly connected with the expiration pretreatment unit through the gas sampling bag (110) in the online test mode; in the off-line mode, the gas sampling bag (110) is conveyed to a test site after being collected and is connected to the front end of a detection gas pipeline of the pre-expiration treatment unit;
step two: after passing through the environmental gas pretreatment filtering membrane (301) and the environmental gas refrigeration module (302), the environmental gas flows through the environmental air temperature and humidity pressure sensor (408), the temperature, the humidity and the pressure of the environmental gas are detected and recorded, and the environmental gas is pumped into the gas sensor (406) by the detection pump body (404) through the first control valve (403) to perform baseline acquisition;
step three: under the condition that the detection pump body (404) and the gas sensor (406) continuously work, the first control valve (403) is switched, the ambient gas is switched into detection gas, the detection gas passes through the detection gas pretreatment filtering membrane (202) and the detection gas refrigeration module (203), flows through the detection gas temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (402), detects the temperature, humidity and pressure of the detection gas, compares the detection results of the detection gas temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (402) and the ambient temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (408), if the detection results accord with a preset difference range, the detection gas flows through the first control valve (403), is pumped into the gas sensor (406) for detection, and if the detection result accords with the preset difference range, the detection gas fails to be treated before expiration, stops detection, and enters a cleaning state;
step four: after the expiration test, under the condition that the detection pump body (404) and the gas sensor (406) continuously work, the first control valve (403) is switched again, and the ambient gas is introduced, so that the gas sensor (406) is recovered to the initial state, and one test is completed.
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| CN202111533917.4A CN114200087A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Expiration tester and using method thereof |
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