WO2023155612A1 - Multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system and control method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system and a control method therefor. The system comprises: an introduction port (201) used for introducing mouth-exhaled gas or nose-exhaled gas; a gas capacitor (202) connected to the introduction port (201) via a gas passage and used for storing the introduced exhaled gas as a sampling gas to be detected by a detection unit (207); a pressure sensor (208), a flow stabilizing unit (209) and a first flow sensor (210) which are arranged in series on the gas passage, the flow stabilizing unit (209) being used for stabilizing the gas flow rate of the gas passage; a first gas extracting pump (203) connected to the gas capacitor (202) and used for causing the nose-exhaled gas to fill the gas capacitor; and a control unit electrically connected to the pressure sensor (208), the first flow sensor (210), the flow stabilizing unit (209), and the first gas extracting pump (203), respectively. The control method comprises: during a sampling process, controlling, according to the specific respiratory tract, the real-time gas pressure and the gas flow rate, a throttle valve (2091), a gas resistance switch (2093) and the first gas extracting pump (203). According to the present invention, the respiratory tracts corresponding to different diseases of adults and children can be accurately measured in a targeted manner.

Description

A multi-respiratory gas detection system and its control method

Cross References to Related Applications

This application requires that the application number is CN 202210141637.7, the application date is 2022.02.16, the invention name is "a multi-respiratory gas detection system and its control method" and the application number is CN 202210578241.9, the application date is 2022.05.26, and the invention name is The priority of the Chinese invention patent application for "a gas detection system and its control method" is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety into this application.

technical field

The invention relates to a medical detection system and method, in particular to a multi-respiratory gas detection system and a control method thereof.

Background technique

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease involving a variety of cells, including eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, smooth muscle cells, and airway epithelial cells. At present, there are at least 300 million asthma patients in the world, and about 30 million asthma patients in China. With the development of modern society and economy and the improvement of people's living standards, there are more and more allergens brought about by environmental problems, food problems and keeping pets. As a result, the incidence of asthma has gradually increased.

FeNO (Fractional exhaled nitric oxide, that is, exhaled nitric oxide) is produced by airway cells, and its concentration is highly correlated with the number of inflammatory cells. Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) concentrations are usually determined by two tests, the oral exhaled nitric oxide test and the nasal exhaled nitric oxide test. FeNO detection is widely used in the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory diseases, and has outstanding advantages in the detection sensitivity, specificity, safety, early detection, and asthma medication management, and has been increasingly accepted clinically. much attention. Some of the known devices and methods involving FeNO are briefly described below.

CN112754532A discloses an exhalation collection device, which is used to collect exhaled gas and send it to a detection device for detection. The air is connected to the detection device, and the power device is used to drive the air in the exhalation collection channel to enter the buffer chamber and the air in the buffer chamber to enter the detection device. The exhalation collection channel includes a first pipeline and a second pipeline with a diameter smaller than the first pipeline. The side wall near the end of the second pipe on the first pipe is connected. CN112754532A expiratory gas collection device exhaled gas can be retained for a longer period of time, to facilitate the extraction of exhaled gas to be measured; can completely eliminate the front gas exhaled gas, that is, the gas in the mouth and nose, so that the collected gas is completely produced by the internal respiratory tract; and It can temporarily store the exhaled gas to be tested, so that the exhaled gas can be output stably for a long time during the test, and at the same time, it can reduce the operation difficulty of the user.

CN104391087B discloses a method and device for measuring exhaled nitric oxide by tidal exhalation. The device of the present invention can measure and monitor the inhalation and exhalation flow curves, and automatically collect the exhaled gas for at least one complete tidal exhalation cycle. Then by measuring the average concentration of NO in the collected gas, and finally calculating the parameters of exhaled NO according to the physiological model of NO exhalation.

CN103237493A discloses a device for collecting exhaled gas samples during normal breathing, comprising a flow generator, an orally insertable exhalation receiver and a device for isolating the nasal airway, wherein the device also includes: a sensor for for detecting changes in parameters representing that change. inhale to exhale and transmit the change as a signal; a control unit adapted to receive the signal and control the device to isolate the nasal airway; wherein the flow generator is connected to the exhale receiver or is connected to the exhale receiver device integration. A method of collecting a sample of exhaled air under normal breathing conditions, comprising the steps of: detecting a change in a parameter indicative of a change from inhalation to exhalation, and transmitting said change as a signal; receiving said signal in a control unit; activating the device for isolating the nasal airway; activating the flow generator connected to the exhalation receiver; and collecting an exhaled air sample during exhalation when the nasal airway is isolated.

CN106289889B discloses a device for simultaneously sampling and analyzing mouth and nose exhalation molecules, which consists of an oral exhalation sampling module (100), a nasal exhalation sampling module (200) and an analysis module (300). On the basis of meeting the technical standards of ATS/ERS on the determination of oral and nasal exhaled NO, simultaneous sampling and analysis are performed, and the results of oral and nasal exhaled nitric oxide concentration can be obtained in one breath test, excluding physiological and pathological conditions Interference of changes, providing more reliable data for clinical judgment.

It can be seen that the above-mentioned known breath detection equipment and methods have the following problems:

1. It is usually only for a single expiratory gas path sampling test, and it is not possible to optionally perform online detection of multiple respiratory tracts. In particular, although CN106289889B mentions the simultaneous detection of mouth and nose breath, it ignores the influence of mouth breath on nasal breath sampling during simultaneous sampling, and it is not possible to independently select a single expiratory airway collection.

2. It does not take into account the different detection airways corresponding to different diseases, as well as the difference in the mouth exhaled nitric oxide test for large and small airways. For example, bronchitis can be measured by large airways, and obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema can be measured by small breath Rhinitis can be measured through the nasal expiratory airway.

3. There is no distinction between the detection of adults and children. In the process of detecting the user's exhaled breath, the user needs to keep the pressure and flow rate of the exhaled breath at an appropriate value, which puts forward higher requirements for the user to control the exhaled breath. Subjects, such as children, will have a low success rate.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a multi-respiratory gas detection system and its control method, especially a multi-respiratory gas detection system and its control method for detecting NO, so as to realize autonomous Choose the collection and detection of exhaled gas from large and small expiratory tracts or nasal expiratory tracts, and can accurately measure the expiratory tracts corresponding to different diseases of adults and children.

Specifically, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a multi-respiratory gas detection system is provided. The gas detection system includes: an inlet for exhaled air or nasal exhaled air; a gas container connected to the inlet through a gas passage for storing the imported exhaled gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection unit; a pressure sensor , a flow stabilizing part and a first flow sensor, which are arranged in series on the gas passage, and the flow stabilizing part is used to stabilize the gas flow rate of the gas passage; a first air suction pump is connected to the gas container to promote The air capacity is filled with the exhaled air from the nose; and the control part is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the first flow sensor, the steady flow part and the first suction pump respectively.

Preferably, the flow stabilizing part includes: a sub-passage 1 and a sub-passage 2 connected in parallel; wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve; the sub-passage 2 is provided with a series-connected steady-flow air resistance and an air resistance switch.

Preferably, the flow stabilizing part includes: a sub-passage provided with a throttle valve.

Preferably, the gas detection system includes a state of exhaled gas collection for the large expiratory tract, in this state, the first air suction pump is in the closed state, the throttle valve is in the open state, and the air resistance switch is Disconnect state to disable the smooth flow damper.

Preferably, the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for the large expiratory passage, in this state, the first air suction pump is in a closed state, and the throttle valve is in an open state.

Preferably, the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for the small expiratory tract, in which state, the first air suction pump and the throttle valve are in a closed state, and the air resistance switch is in a conductive state to enable The steady flow air resistance.

Preferably, the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for the nasal expiratory airway, in this state, the first air suction pump and the throttle valve are in an open state, and the air resistance switch is in a conduction state to reduce The suction resistance of the first suction pump.

Preferably, the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for the nasal expiratory airway, and in this state, the first air suction pump and the throttle valve are in an open state.

Preferably, the expiratory gas collection state for the large airway further includes an adult expiratory gas collection state and a child expiratory gas collection state; wherein, the duration of the adult expiratory gas collection state is longer than that of the children's expiratory gas collection state duration.

Preferably, the first flow sensor is a differential pressure flow sensor; the differential pressure flow sensor includes: a fixed air resistance and a differential pressure gauge for measuring the pressure difference across the fixed air resistance.

Preferably, the gas detection system further includes: a zero-point filter, used to filter the same gas as the gas to be tested to generate zero-point gas; a second air pump, used to extract sampling gas or zero-point gas for detection by the detection part; A through valve is connected to the gas container, the zero point filter and the second suction pump respectively, and is used to guide the sampling gas or the zero point gas to the second suction pump through control; and the detection part is connected to the The second air pump; wherein, the control unit is also electrically connected to the second air pump, the three-way valve and the detection unit.

Preferably, the gas detection system further includes: a second flow sensor, disposed between the second air pump and the detection unit; wherein, the control unit is also electrically connected to the second flow sensor; and a water removal device, Located between the second air pump and the detection part, the water removal device includes a Nafion tube, a hollow fiber membrane or a PTEF membrane; wherein the first air pump is a diaphragm pump, and the second air pump is a piezoelectric Pump.

Preferably, the air container includes: a first strip-shaped air channel, the head end and the end of the first strip-shaped air channel are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first exhaust port, the first exhaust port The vicinity is also provided with an air extraction port; the middle position of the first strip-shaped air passage is provided with a sampling port; the second strip-shaped air passage, the head and the end of the second strip-shaped air passage are respectively provided with a second inlet A gas port and a second exhaust port; wherein, the first air inlet and the second air inlet are all communicated with the gas passage; the air suction port is connected with the first air pump; the sampling port is connected with the The three-way valve is connected; the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected to the outside atmosphere, the first exhaust port is provided with a first exhaust valve, and the second exhaust port is provided with a second exhaust valve. Two exhaust valves; wherein, the control unit is also electrically connected to the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve.

Preferably, the gas detection system further includes: an input member and an output member electrically connected to the control unit.

Preferably, the gas detection system further includes a handle part, which is used to provide filtered mouth-exhaled air to the introduction port, and the handle part includes: a breathing port, which is used to provide an interface for mouth blowing and mouth breathing; The outlet of the handle is adapted to be connected with the inlet; the first handle filter is arranged between the breathing port and the outlet for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the breath exhaled from the outlet; the second handle One end of the second handle filter communicates with the atmosphere outside the device through a one-way valve, and the other end communicates with the breathing port through the first handle filter, which is used to remove the same gas.

Preferably, the first handle filter includes a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, foam resin, silicon dioxide and charcoal, and the second handle filter includes molecular sieve, activated carbon A combination of one or more of molecular sieves, activated carbon, and alumina loaded with strong oxidants such as potassium permanganate, alumina, and the like.

Preferably, the gas detection system further includes a nasal exhalation part, which is used to provide filtered nasal exhalation gas to the inlet, and the nasal exhalation part includes: a nasal exhalation head, which is used to provide an interface for nasal exhalation; The breathing outlet is adapted to be connected with the inlet; the nasal breathing filter is arranged between the nasal breathing head and the nasal breathing outlet, and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in nasal exhaled air.

Preferably, the nasal exhalation filter includes a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, foam resin, silicon dioxide and charcoal.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for a multi-respiratory gas detection system, characterized in that the multi-respiratory gas detection system includes: an inlet for introducing exhaled air from the mouth or exhaled air from the nose; , connected to the introduction port via a gas passage, used to store the imported exhaled gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection part; a pressure sensor, a steady flow part and a first flow sensor are arranged in series on the gas passage, and the steady flow The flow part is used to stabilize the gas flow rate of the gas passage; the control method includes: an information collection process, including determining the type of respiratory tract targeted for detection; an exhaled gas collection process, including the real-time The gas pressure and the gas flow measured in real time by the first flow sensor control the flow stabilizing part and the first air suction pump.

Preferably, the flow stabilization part includes: a sub-path one and a sub-path two connected in parallel, wherein the first sub-path is provided with a throttle valve, and the second sub-path is provided with a series-connected steady-flow air resistance and an air resistance switch; wherein the airway category Includes large, small, and nasal airways.

Preferably, the flow stabilizing part includes: a sub-channel provided with a throttle valve; wherein the airway category includes large expiratory airway and nasal expiratory airway.

Preferably, the control method further includes: when the airway category is a large expiratory airway, the exhaled gas collection process includes:

Determine whether the exhalation gas has been introduced by the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor; after it is determined that the exhalation gas has been introduced, turn off the first air suction pump, open the throttle valve, and turn off the air resistance switch to disable the steady flow air resistance , and adjust the throttle valve in real time according to the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time and the gas flow rate measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time is stable at 8-20cmH ₂ O, And the real-time gas flow measured by the first flow sensor is stable at 2.7-3.3 L/min.

Preferably, the control method further includes: when the airway category is a large expiratory airway, the exhaled gas collection process includes:

Determine whether the exhaled gas has been introduced by the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor; after it is determined that the exhaled gas has been introduced, turn off the first air pump, open the throttle valve, and according to the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor and the first flow sensor The gas flow measured in real time adjusts the throttle valve in real time, so that the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time is stable at 8-20 cmH ₂ O, and the gas flow measured in real time by the first flow sensor is stable at 2.7 -3.3L/min.

Preferably, the control method further includes: when the airway type is a small expiratory airway, the exhaled gas collection process includes:

The gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor determines whether the exhaled gas has been introduced; after it is determined that the exhaled gas has been introduced, close the first air suction pump and the throttle valve, and turn on the air resistance switch to enable the steady flow gas According to the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor and the gas flow rate measured in real time by the first flow sensor, the subject is prompted to adjust the expiratory pressure so that the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor is stable at 8-20 cmH ₂ O , and the real-time gas flow measured by the first flow sensor is stable at 10.8-13.2 L/min.

Preferably, the control method further includes: when the airway category is the nasal expiratory airway, the exhaled air sampling procedure further includes:

Open the first air pump and the throttle valve, turn off the air resistance switch to disable the steady flow air resistance, and adjust the throttle valve in real time according to the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that The real-time gas flow measured by the first flow sensor is stable at 540mL/min-660mL/min.

Preferably, the control method further includes: when the airway category is the nasal expiratory airway, the exhaled air sampling procedure further includes:

Open the first air pump and the throttle valve, and adjust the throttle valve in real time according to the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stable at 540mL/ min-660mL/min.

Preferably, the control method includes:

The information collection process also includes: when the airway category is a large expiratory airway, further determining the identity of the subject, and the identity includes adults and children;

The exhaled gas collection process also includes: determining a predetermined duration according to the subject's identity, and closing the throttle valve when it is determined that the exhaled breath introduced has reached the predetermined duration; wherein, the predetermined duration corresponding to an adult is greater than The scheduled duration for children.

Preferably, the gas detection system with multiple respiratory tracts also includes:

Zero point filter, used to filter the same gas as the gas to be measured to generate zero point gas;

The second air extraction pump is used to extract sampling gas or zero point gas for detection by the detection part;

A three-way valve is connected to the gas container, the zero point filter and the second suction pump respectively, and is used to guide the sampling gas or the zero point gas to the second suction pump through control; and

a detection part connected to the second air pump;

The control method also includes a zero point calibration process, and the zero point calibration process includes:

Control the three-way valve so that the zero-point gas generated by the zero-point filter can be directed to the second suction pump alone;

The second air pump is activated to extract the zero-point gas through the three-way valve for detection by the detection part, so as to obtain and save the background concentration of the gas to be measured.

Preferably, the control method also includes a detection and analysis process, including:

Control the three-way valve so that the sampling gas stored in the gas container can be directed to the second aspirating pump alone;

Activate the second air pump to extract the sampled gas through the three-way valve for detection by the detection part, and obtain and save the measured concentration of the gas to be tested in the sampled gas;

According to the stored background concentration and measured concentration of the gas to be measured, the actual concentration of the gas to be measured in the sampled gas is determined.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The self-regulating system obtained by the combination of steady-flow air resistance, throttle valve, first suction pump, pressure sensor and first flow sensor can realize independent selection of exhaled air from large or small expiratory passage or nasal expiratory passage It can better control the flow rate differently according to the airway of the test and the identity of the subject (i.e. adult and child), and keep the flow rate stable to achieve more accurate measurement and diagnosis for different airway categories , so that targeted treatment can be carried out according to different lesion locations.

2. The design of double air channels in the gas volume can better and more efficiently remove the first and last gas, and retain the middle gas required for detection.

3. The sampling port is set in the middle of the airway in the air volume and the exhaust port and exhaust valve are set at the end, which can better discharge the non-exhaled gas that exists in the mouth, nose, throat and bronchi when exhaled air is collected. Moreover, exhaled air without external environmental interference can be extracted during detection and analysis, ensuring the accuracy of concentration measurement, and at the same time, both ends can be replenished during air extraction, thereby greatly reducing the resistance during the extraction process.

4. The design of the zero point filter and the three-way valve can detect the background concentration of the gas to be measured (such as NO) in the system when the breathing operation is not performed and the interference of the gas to be measured in the external environment is excluded, so as to ensure the final detection the accuracy of the results.

5. The self-regulating system obtained by the combination of the water removal device, the second flow sensor and the second air pump can ensure a stable gas flow rate and humidity value during detection and analysis, which is conducive to the accurate measurement of the detection part.

Description of drawings

The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention by way of example and not limitation, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the gas flow of a gas detection system with multiple respiratory tracts according to an embodiment of the present invention under the state of exhaled gas collection for large expiratory tracts and small expiratory tracts;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the gas flow of the multi-respiratory tract gas detection system in the state of exhaled gas collection for the nasal expiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the gas flow of the multi-respiratory gas detection system in the zero point calibration state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of air flow in a detection state of a multi-respiratory gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of gas capacity in a multi-respiratory gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of a multi-respiratory gas detection system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a host of a multi-respiratory gas detection system according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

specific embodiment

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail through the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "have", "set", "connect" and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection , can also be a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, relational terms such as "first", "second", and "third" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or Any such actual relationship or order between such entities or operations is implied.

In the description of the present invention, the term "subject" refers to a person who accepts respiratory detection through the multi-respiratory gas detection system of the present invention; the term "user" refers to the operator or person of the multi-respiratory gas detection system of the present invention The controller, which can be the subject himself, or other individuals such as doctors, nurses, etc.

Example 1

As shown in FIGS. 1-4 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-respiratory gas detection system includes a handle part 100 , a nasal exhalation part 300 and a host 200 . The host 200 can detect the concentration of the gas to be measured (NO in this embodiment) in different respiratory tracts. These different airways include: large expiratory tracts, small expiratory tracts and nasal expiratory tracts. It is necessary to selectively connect the handle part 100 and the nasal exhalation part 300 with the host 200 according to different airways. That is, the handle part 100 corresponds to the detection of the large expiratory airway and the small expiratory airway, and the nasal exhalation part 300 corresponds to the detection of the nasal expiratory airway.

handle part 100

The handle part 100 is for conveying or providing filtered exhaled air to the host 200 . The handle 100 includes but not limited to a breathing port 101 , a handle outlet 102 , a first handle filter 103 , a second handle filter 104 and a one-way valve 105 .

The breathing port 101 is used to provide the subject with an insufflation interface for exhaling air through the mouth and an inhalation interface for inhaling air through the mouth.

The handle outlet 102 is connected to the host 200 via a gas passage such as a catheter, so as to guide the exhaled air filtered by the handle 100 to the host 200 for storage and detection.

The breathing port 101 communicates with the handle outlet 102 via a first handle filter 103 , and the first handle filter 103 is arranged between the two for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in exhaled air through the port. Preferably, the first handle filter 103 includes a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, foam resin, silicon dioxide and charcoal.

One end of the second handle filter 104 communicates with the atmosphere outside the device through the one-way valve 105 , and the other end communicates with the breathing port 101 through the first handle filter 103 . The second handle filter 104 is used for removing NO in the inhaled gas when the subject inhales through the breathing port 101 . Preferably, the second handle filter 104 includes a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and molecular sieve loaded with a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate, activated carbon, and alumina.

The above-mentioned structural design of the handle part 100 can realize the introduction of the exhaled gas of the subject to the host computer, and through the pre-exhalation and inhalation actions performed by the handle part 100 before the formal breath sampling, it can also solve the problem of the subject's breath well. The problem of residual NO and environmental NO interference in the patient's mouth and nose ensures the accuracy of the test results.

Nasal part 300

The nasal exhalation part 300 is used to deliver or provide filtered nasal exhaled air to the host 200 . The nasal breathing part 300 includes: a nasal breathing head 301 , a nasal breathing outlet 302 and a nasal breathing filter 303 .

Nasal exhalation head 301 is used to provide an interface for nasal exhalation. The nasal exhalation outlet 302 is adapted to be connected with the host inlet via a gas passage such as a catheter, so as to guide the nasal exhaled air filtered by the nasal exhalation part 300 to the host 200 for storage and detection. The nasal exhalation filter 303 is arranged between the nasal exhalation head 301 and the nasal exhalation outlet 303, and is used for filtering the water vapor and/or bacteria in the nasal exhalation air.

Preferably, the nasal breathing filter 303 includes a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, foam resin, silicon dioxide and charcoal.

Host 200

The host computer 200 is used for temporary storage, detection and analysis of the gas filtered by the handle part 100 or the nasal exhalation part 300, and can interact with users or subjects.

The main engine 200 includes but not limited to: an inlet 201, an air capacity 202, a first air pump 203, a second air pump 204, a zero point filter 205, a three-way valve 206, a detection part 207, a pressure sensor 208, a steady flow part 209, A first flow sensor 210, a second flow sensor 211, a water removal device 212, a control part (not shown), an input member (not shown), and an output member (not shown).

The inlet port 201 can be connected with the handle outlet port 102 of the handle part 100 or the nasal exhalation outlet port 302 of the nasal exhalation part 300, and is used for importing exhaled air through the mouth or exhaled air through the nose.

The gas container 202 is connected to the introduction port 201 through a gas passage, and is used for storing the introduced exhaled gas as a sample gas for detection by the detection unit 207 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the gas container 202 is a chamber for storing gas, which includes a first strip-shaped air channel and a second strip-shaped air channel. A first air inlet and a first exhaust port are respectively provided at the head end and the end of the first strip-shaped air passage, and a sampling port is provided at a middle position. An air suction port is also provided near the first exhaust port in the first strip air channel. The head end and the end of the second strip-shaped air channel are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet. Wherein, both the first air inlet and the second air inlet 2025 are in communication with the gas passage and are arranged adjacent to each other, so that the exhaled gas in the gas passage is divided into two and enters the air volume. The air suction port is connected with the first air suction pump 203 . The sampling port is connected with the three-way valve 206 . The first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected to the outside atmosphere, and the first exhaust port is provided with a first exhaust valve 213, and the second exhaust port is provided with a second exhaust valve 214 for according to It is necessary to communicate the gas container with the external atmosphere to discharge the gas in the gas container or to promote the sampling gas in the gas container 202 to be sucked by the second pump 204 during the gas detection process.

In particular, the first strip-shaped airway is designed as a folded strip-shaped airway, which is formed by folding multiple straight-line sub-airways to save space. The length of the second strip-shaped airway is equal to the length of the linear sub-airway in the first strip-shaped airway.

The reason for adopting a biphasic airway is that because the exhaled gas exhibits a parabola that first increases and then decreases over time, the detection of the exhaled NO concentration in the middle range of the parabola (that is, the peak section) is the most accurate. Therefore, it is necessary to discharge the first and last gases first, and retain the middle section. The volume of exhaled gas retained in the middle section is larger, and only a part of the gas in the middle section can be retained as the sampling gas through the two-phase airway, which greatly improves the sampling effect and sampling accuracy compared with the single-phase airway.

The pressure sensor 208 , the flow stabilization unit 209 and the first flow sensor 210 are arranged in series on the gas passage between the inlet 201 and the gas container 202 . The pressure sensor 208 is used to measure the gas pressure in the gas passage in real time. By measuring the gas pressure, it is possible to know whether there is gas flowing through the gas passage, and then determine whether the gas has been insufflated and whether the insufflation has stopped, as well as the duration of the subject's exhalation of gas.

The first flow sensor 210 is used to measure the gas flow in the gas passage in real time. It has been mentioned before that the duration of the subject’s exhaled gas can be detected by the pressure sensor 208, combined with the gas flow and gas volume (usually a known amount) measured by the first flow sensor 210, it can be judged whether the exhaled gas Fill the air capacity. In this embodiment, the first flow sensor 210 is a differential pressure flow sensor, and the differential pressure flow sensor includes a fixed air resistance 2101 and a differential pressure gauge 2102 for measuring the pressure difference across the fixed air resistance 2102 . The fixed air resistance 2101 is an element that has a certain blocking effect on the air flow in the gas passage, for example, a Venturi tube can be used. Here, the first flow sensor 210 is used to measure the exhalation flow of the subject in the gas passage in real time, so as to ensure the stability of the exhalation flow/flow rate, and its measurement accuracy is compared with that of measuring the gas flow flowing into the detection part 207 during the gas detection process. / flow rate should be low. Therefore, here, the first flow sensor 210 adopts a differential pressure flow sensor to reduce costs, and at the same time, the fixed gas resistance 2101 in the differential pressure flow sensor can also play a certain role in regulating the gas flow in the gas passage. In other embodiments, the first flow sensor 210 may also use other flow sensors with higher measurement accuracy, without considering the cost, or for other purposes. In other embodiments, the differential pressure flow sensor may also directly use a flow sensor.

The flow stabilizing part 209 is used for stabilizing the gas flow in the gas passage within an appropriate range. In this embodiment, the stabilizing part 209 is significantly different from the known existing designs. Specifically, the stabilizing part in this embodiment includes a sub-path one and a sub-path two connected in parallel. Wherein, a throttling valve 2091 is provided on the first sub-channel, and a steady-flow air resistance 2092 and an air resistance switch 2093 are arranged in series on the second sub-channel. The throttle valve 2091 and the steady flow air resistance 2092 may have different adjustment ranges and adjustment precisions. Therefore, this design method of parallel connection of the throttle valve and the steady flow air resistance can adjust the gas flow of the gas passage in a wide range, and can take into account different adjustment accuracy, so that it can be used for different airway detection and different Subjects of different ages (for example, adults and children) perform different adjustments to improve the success rate of gas sampling, thereby improving the detection accuracy. In this embodiment, the air resistance switch 2093 uses a solenoid valve to ensure the switching speed of the switch. In other embodiments, the air resistance switch 2093 may also adopt other forms of switching valves. The throttling valve 2091 is a valve that controls fluid flow by changing the throttling section or throttling length. The structure of the steady flow air resistance 2092 is similar to that of the fixed air resistance 2101 .

The first air suction pump 203 is connected with the gas container 202, and is used to make the nasal exhaled gas fill the gas container. In this embodiment, the first air pump 203 is a diaphragm pump. The reason why the diaphragm pump is used here is that the flow output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, but the range is small and the pressure drop is large, which cannot meet the suction flow requirements of nasal exhalation, while the larger range of the diaphragm pump can meet the suction of nasal exhalation Traffic requirements.

The zero point filter 205 is used to filter the same gas as the gas to be measured (the gas to be measured is NO in this embodiment) to generate zero point gas. In this embodiment, the zero point filter 205 is similar to the second handle filter 104, and preferably includes molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a combination of molecular sieve, activated carbon, and alumina loaded with strong oxidants such as potassium permanganate .

The second air extraction pump 204 is used to extract the sampling gas in the gas container 202 or the zero point gas filtered by the zero point filter 205 for detection by the detection unit. In this embodiment, the second air pump 204 adopts a piezoelectric pump, because the flow output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, and the stability of the flow directly affects the measurement accuracy of the detection unit.

The three-way valve 206 is respectively connected with the gas container 202 , the zero point filter 205 and the second air extraction pump 204 , and is used to guide the sampling gas or the zero point gas to the second air extraction pump 204 through control. The three-way valve 206 may include a three-way pipe fitting or a three-way chamber with three openings connected to each other, each opening is provided with a separate control switch, and each control switch is connected with the control part to individually control the opening and closing of the corresponding opening. Closed, so as to realize the switching conduction between different gas passages.

The detection part 207 is used to detect the concentration of the gas to be measured in the gas pumped by the second pump. In this embodiment, the detection part 207 includes a NO sensor.

The second flow sensor 211 is used to measure the gas flow entering the detection part 207 in real time, and is preferably arranged between the second air pump 204 and the detection part 207 . As mentioned above, the second flow sensor 211 is preferably a sensor with higher sensing accuracy than the first flow sensor, so as to ensure gas detection accuracy.

The water removal device 212 is used to maintain the humidity of the gas entering the detection part 207 and is also provided between the second air pump 204 and the detection part 207 . In this embodiment, the water removal device 212 is disposed upstream of the second flow sensor 211 , that is, farther away from the detection unit 207 than the second flow sensor 211 . It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the second flow sensor 211 can also be arranged upstream of the water removal device 212 as required. Preferably, the water removal device is selected from Nafion tubes, hollow fiber membranes or PTEF membranes.

The control part controls the first air pump 203, the second air pump 204, the three-way valve 206, the detection part 207, the pressure sensor 208, the flow stabilization part 209, the first flow sensor 210, the second flow sensor 211, and the first flow sensor of the gas capacity. The first and second exhaust valves 213 and 214 are controlled. Specifically, the control unit may include an analysis control circuit and a drive device connected to the analysis control circuit. For example, the analysis control circuit may be realized by dedicated or general software and hardware circuits, integrated circuits or programmable logic chips, and the drive device may include drive motor, etc. More specifically, in some embodiments, the analysis control circuit in the control part can be electrically connected with the detection part 207, the pressure sensor 208, the first flow sensor 210 and the second flow sensor 211 to obtain measurement data in real time, and the control part in the The driving device can control the actions of the first air suction pump 203, the second air suction pump 204, the first and second exhaust valves 213 and 214 of the air capacity, the three-way valve 206 and the steady flow part 209, etc., so that according to the acquired measurement data Drive and control the corresponding components.

The input member and the output member are respectively connected to the control part. The input member may include an input device such as a keyboard, a button, or a touch screen, for enabling the control unit to perform corresponding operations according to user input. Specifically, the user input may include an instruction or operation for indicating the respiratory tract targeted for the test, an instruction or operation for indicating the identity of the subject (for example, an adult or a child), and the like. The output components may include output devices such as displays, speakers, and buzzers, which are used to display the status and real-time measurement data of each sensor, switch, and valve in the detection system, and provide corresponding voice/image prompts to the subject or user or alarm, etc., to help the subject adjust the expiratory airflow according to the prompt or alarm.

In addition, although the gas to be measured in this embodiment is NO, the gas detection system of the present invention can also be used to detect other gases. When used for detection of other gases, it can be realized by replacing the corresponding filters (for example, the second handle filter 104 and the zero point filter 205 ) and the detection part 207 .

Through the above-mentioned structural design, the gas detection system of the present invention can independently select the collection and detection of exhaled gas from the large or small expiratory tract or the nasal expiratory tract, and can target the expiratory tracts corresponding to different diseases of adults and children. Accurate measurement.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, taking NO gas detection as an example, the control method of the multi-respiratory tract gas detection system of the present invention is introduced in detail.

As shown in Fig. 6, the control method of the multi-respiratory tract gas detection system of the present invention may generally include the following processes/processes: information collection, zero point calibration, pre-expiration and inhalation, exhaled gas sampling, detection and analysis. Wherein, the pre-expiration and inhalation procedures are usually only performed before the exhalation gas sampling procedure for the large and small expiratory airways, but the pre-expiration and inhalation procedures do not need to be performed before the exhalation gas sampling procedures for the nasal expiratory airways. Each process is described below.

(S1) Information Collection

This process is mainly implemented by the control unit receiving input instructions or operations from users or subjects through input components, the input instructions or operations include but not limited to instructions or operations for selecting the respiratory tract for the test, selecting subjects identities (eg, child or adult) and instructions or actions to suspend or terminate testing.

The output component can play an auxiliary role in the process under the control of the control unit, for example, interactively send feedback information to the user or the subject to help complete the information collection process.

(S2) Zero point calibration

Zero point calibration is used to detect the background concentration of NO in the system when the detector does not perform breathing operation and excludes the gas to be measured in the external environment.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the zero point calibration process involves a path formed by the zero point filter 205 via the three-way valve 206 , the second air pump 204 , the second flow sensor 211 , the water removal device 212 , and the gas detection device 207 .

The zero point calibration process includes the following operations:

1) Control the three-way valve 206 so that the three-way valve 206 can guide the zero-point gas produced by the zero-point filter 205 to the second air extraction pump 204 alone, and enable the second air extraction pump 204 to extract the zero-point gas through the three-way valve 206, At this time, the system enters the zero point calibration state, and the gas extracted by the second air pump 204 reaches the detection part 207 after passing through the second flow sensor 211 and the water removal device 212;

2) During the extraction process of the second air pump 204, the gas flow rate of the gas passage is obtained in real time through the second flow sensor 206, and the duty ratio of the second air pump 204 is adjusted in real time, so that the zero-point gas flow rate of the gas passage / flow is stable.

3) When the second aspirating pump 204 is enabled for a predetermined time (for example, 40s), read and save the detection result of the detection unit 207 to obtain the background NO concentration, and close the second aspirating pump 204. At this time, the system is no longer at zero Calibration status.

In the above process, reading data when the second air suction pump 204 works for a predetermined time can ensure that there is no residual NO in the gas passage in the previous breath test, and can ensure that the gas flow rate is stable.

The above-mentioned zero-point calibration process can be automatically realized by the control unit.

(S3) Pre-expiration and inhalation

This procedure is usually performed just before exhaled air sampling for the large and small expiratory tracts, and consists of two consecutive steps of pre-exhalation and inhalation.

The pre-exhalation step includes: prompting the subject to perform a pre-exhalation action through the breathing port 101 of the handle part 100 to discharge residual air, and keeping the one-way valve 105 in the handle part 100 in a closed state.

The inhalation step includes: using the real-time measurement data of the pressure sensor 208 to determine whether the subject has completed the pre-exhalation action, and when it is determined that the subject has completed the pre-exhalation action, prompting the subject to perform an inhalation action. At this time, the inhaled gas passes through The second handle filter 104 is used to filter out NO so as to prevent interference to the NO concentration in the exhaled air during the exhaled air sampling process.

It should be emphasized that the expiratory gas sampling procedure for the large or small airways is usually performed immediately after the pre-expiratory and inspiratory procedures. The pre-expiration and inhalation process can improve sampling accuracy and ensure detection accuracy. This control flow can also be automatically realized by the control unit.

(S4) Exhaled breath collection

This process refers to the process of importing orally exhaled or nasal exhaled air into the gas container for storage as sampling gas, and does not include the pre-exhalation and inhalation processes.

(a) Exhaled air collection for nasal expiratory airways

This procedure is used to obtain and store the subject's nasal exhaled breath as a sample gas.

As shown in Figure 2, the exhaled air collection process of the nasal expiratory airway involves the nasal exhalation part 300, the pressure sensor 208, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilization part 209, the first flow sensor 210, the gas volume 202, and the first air suction pump 203 formed path.

The process includes the following steps:

1) Turn on the first suction pump 203 to impel nasal exhaled air into the air container 202, and simultaneously control the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the air container 202, so that the first exhaust port and the second row The air port is opened, the throttle valve 2091 in the steady flow part 209 is opened, and the air resistance switch 2093 is turned off to disable the steady flow air resistance 2092. In addition, it is preferable to turn off the second suction pump 204 and close the opening in the three-way valve 206 that communicates with the air volume 202 , at this time, the system enters the exhaled gas collection state for the nasal expiratory airway.

Or, the throttle valve 2091 is opened, and the air resistance switch 2093 can also be opened and in a conducting state, so as to reduce the suction resistance of the first air pump, thereby reducing the noise and power consumption of the first air pump.

2) During the extraction process of the first air pump 203, measure the gas flow/flow velocity of the gas passage in real time through the first flow sensor 210, and adjust the throttle valve 2091 in real time according to the measured gas flow/flow velocity to ensure the extraction of gas. The flow is stable at 540mL/min-660mL/min.

3) When the gas in the suctioned nasal airway basically fills the air volume 4, close the first air suction pump 203 and the throttle valve 2091, and control the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the air volume 202 , so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are closed to obtain sampled gas, and the system is no longer in the state of collecting exhaled gas for the nasal expiratory airway.

In the above process, the nasal exhaled air will first pass through the nasal exhalation filter 303 to filter the moisture of the extracted gas, and then enter the gas container 4 after being adjusted by the throttle valve 2091, and at the same time, the pre-existing gas in the gas container 4 passes through the gas container 202 exhaust port on the top.

(b) Exhaled breath sampling for small expiratory airways

This procedure obtains and stores the subject's mouth-exhaled breath as a sample gas and is typically performed after the pre-exhalation and inhalation procedures.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the process involves the path formed by the handle portion 100 , the pressure sensor 208 , the dynamic air resistance 209 in the flow stabilization portion 209 , the air resistance switch 2093 , the first flow sensor 210 , and the air volume 202 .

The process includes the following steps:

1) Prompt the subject to perform an exhalation action, and use the pressure sensor 208 to determine whether the gas has been introduced into the mouth and exhaled. The first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the gas container 202, so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are opened; at the same time, close the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilization part 209, so that the gas The resistance switch 2093 is turned on to enable the dynamic air resistance 2092, the first suction pump 203 and the second suction pump 204 are turned off, and the opening in the three-way valve 206 that communicates with the gas volume 202 is closed. The state of exhaled air collection.

2) The pressure sensor 208 and the first flow sensor 210 are used to detect the gas pressure and gas flow/flow rate in the gas passage in real time, and the measured real-time data is output and fed back through the output component to prompt the subject to adjust the exhalation speed , so that the real-time gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor 208 is stable at 8-20 cmH ₂ 0, and the real-time gas flow measured by the first flow sensor 210 is stable at 10.8-13.2 L/min. Wherein, the output feedback through the output component to prompt the subject can be performed by means of display on the system interface, or by means of voice prompts and the like. For example, the gas flow reference curve and the subject's actual gas flow curve can be displayed on the system interface to prompt the subject.

3) When the exhaled air fills the gas container 202, control the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the gas container 202, so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are closed and disconnected at the same time. Air resistance switch, so that the sampled gas is obtained, and the system is no longer in the state of exhaled gas collection for the small expiratory passage. Wherein, the duration of exhaled air introduction can be determined through the measurement data of the pressure sensor 208 , combined with the flow data measured by the first flow sensor 210 and the size of the air volume 202 , it can be calculated whether the air volume 202 is filled with the exhaled air.

In this process, the exhaled air first passes through the first handle filter 103 to filter out water vapor, and then enters the air volume 202 after being regulated by the dynamic air resistance 2092 and the fixed air resistance 2101 . During this process, the non-exhaled gas that previously existed in the gas container 202 will be discharged from the exhaust port of the gas container 202 (about 2-8 seconds), and the exhaled gas that enters the gas container 202 will be stored in the gas container 202 as a sample gas.

(c) Exhaled breath sampling for large expiratory airways

This procedure obtains and stores the subject's mouth-exhaled breath as a sample gas and is typically performed after the pre-exhalation and inhalation procedures.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the process involves a path formed by the handle part 100 , the pressure sensor 208 , the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilization part 209 , the first flow sensor 210 , and the air container 202 .

The process includes the following steps:

1) Prompt the subject to perform an exhalation action, and use the pressure sensor 208 to determine whether the air has been introduced into the mouth and exhaled; The first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214, so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are opened; at the same time, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilization part 209 is opened, and the air resistance switch 2093 is turned off. Turn on to disable the dynamic air resistance 2092, turn off the first suction pump 203 and the second suction pump 204, and close the opening in the three-way valve 206 that communicates with the gas volume 202, and the system enters the state of exhaled gas collection for the large expiratory tract.

2) The pressure sensor 208 and the first flow sensor 210 are used to detect the gas pressure and gas flow/flow rate in the gas passage in real time, and adjust the throttle valve 2091 in real time according to the measured data, so that the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time It is stable at 8-20 cmH ₂ O, and the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stable at 2.7-3.3 L/min.

3) When the exhaled air fills the gas container 202, control the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the gas container 202, so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are closed and disconnected at the same time. Air resistance switch, so that the sampled gas is obtained, and the system is no longer in the state of exhaled gas collection for the large expiratory tract.

Considering the differences between adult subjects and child subjects (for example, adults can maintain the blowing action for about 10s in total, and children can maintain the blowing action for about 6s), in the process of exhaled air collection for the large expiratory tract : For adult subjects, the duration of the exhaled gas collection process for the large airway is controlled to the first duration (for example, 8-12s); for children's subjects, the duration of the exhaled gas collection process is controlled is a second duration (for example, 4-8s), wherein the first duration is longer than the second duration. The control of different durations can be realized by controlling the throttle valve 2091 and the exhaust valves 213 and 214 on the air volume 202 . For example, when it is confirmed that exhaled air has been introduced, the exhaust valve 2091 is opened, and the exhaust valves 213 and 214 are controlled to open the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port of the gas container 202; During the predetermined duration, the throttle valve 2091 is closed, and the exhaust valves 213 and 214 are controlled to close the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port of the gas container 202 .

The entire exhaled breath collection process can be realized through the interaction between the control unit and the subject.

In the above-mentioned exhaled gas collection process, in the large and small expiratory channel modes, when the exhaled gas fills the air volume or the dead space gas in the air volume is exhausted, the first exhaust valve 213 is closed; while in the nasal expiratory airway mode Next, when the exhaled gas fills the air volume or the dead space gas in the air volume is exhausted, the first suction pump 203 and the first exhaust valve 213 are closed.

(S5) detection analysis

This process is used to detect and analyze the sampled gas stored in the gas container 202 to obtain the actual concentration of NO.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the detection mode involves a path formed by the air container 202 , the three-way valve 206 , the water removal device 212 , the second air pump 204 and the detection part 207 .

The process includes the following steps:

1) Control the three-way valve 206 so that the three-way valve 206 can guide the sampling gas stored in the gas container 202 to the second air extraction pump 204 alone.

2) Activate the second air extraction pump 204 to extract the sampling gas through the three-way valve 206 , and the gas extracted by the second air extraction pump 204 reaches the detection part 207 after passing through the second flow sensor 211 and the water removal device 212 . During the pumping process of the second air pump 204, the gas flow rate of the gas passage is obtained in real time through the second flow sensor 206, and the duty ratio of the second air pump 204 is adjusted in real time, so that the sampling gas flow rate/flow rate of the gas passage Stablize.

3) When the second suction pump 204 is activated for a predetermined time (for example, 40s), read and save the detection result of the detection unit 207 to obtain the measured concentration of NO in the sampled gas.

4) Acquiring the stored background NO concentration, combined with the measured concentration of NO in the sampled gas, to determine the actual concentration of NO in the sampled gas.

This flow can also be realized automatically by the control unit.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 7 , it shows a schematic diagram of a host 200 of a multi-respiratory gas detection system according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. Other structures of the gas detection system are consistent with Embodiment 1, except for the specific structure of the flow stabilization part of the host 200 .

In this embodiment, the flow stabilizing part includes a sub-passage provided with a throttle valve, or the throttle valve is directly arranged on the gas passage connecting the gas container 202 to the inlet 201 . That is to say, the stabilizing part of this embodiment does not include the dynamic air resistance 209 and the air resistance switch 2093 of the first embodiment and the sub-paths where they are located.

Therefore, the gas detection system according to this embodiment of the present invention includes an exhaled gas collection state for the large expiratory airway, and an exhaled gas collection state for the nasal expiratory airway.

This embodiment does not include exhaled gas collection states for small expiratory airways.

It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned control method, the above-mentioned flows/processes included therein are not in strict order. For example, the zero point calibration process can be performed before or after the exhaled gas sampling process corresponding to different respiratory tracts. Even, in some embodiments, only one or more of the above procedures may be executed.

It can be seen from the above description that the multi-respiratory gas detection system and method of the present invention can independently select large and small expiratory tracts or nasal expiratory tracts for the collection and detection of exhaled gas, and can be targeted for different diseases of adults and children. Accurate measurement of the airway.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes and improvements to the present invention in form and details, and these All are considered to fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (29)

1. A multi-respiratory gas detection system, characterized in that the gas detection system comprises:

   The inlet port is used for exhaling air through the inlet port or exhaling air through the nose;

   The gas container is connected to the introduction port through the gas passage, and is used to store the imported exhaled gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection unit;

   A pressure sensor, a flow stabilization part and a first flow sensor are arranged in series on the gas passage, and the flow stabilization part is used to stabilize the gas flow rate of the gas passage;

   a first air suction pump, connected to the air volume, for urging nasal exhaled gas to fill the air volume; and

   The control part is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the first flow sensor, the flow stabilization part and the first air pump respectively.
2. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the flow stabilization part comprises: a parallel sub-pathway and a sub-pathway two; wherein, a throttling valve is provided on the sub-pathway one; Equipped with a series-connected steady-flow air resistance and air resistance switch.
3. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the flow stabilizing part comprises: a sub-channel provided with a throttle valve.
4. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the gas detection system includes a state of exhaled gas collection for large expiratory tracts, in which state, the first air suction pump is in a closed state, The throttle valve is in an open state, and the air resistance switch is in an open state to disable the constant flow air resistance.
5. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for large expiratory tracts, in which state, the first air suction pump is in a closed state, The throttle valve is in an open state.
6. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for small expiratory tracts, in this state, the first air suction pump and the throttle valve is in the off state, and the air resistance switch is in the on state to activate the constant flow air resistance.
7. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 2, wherein the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for the nasal expiratory airway, in this state, the first air suction pump and the throttle valve is in an open state, and the air resistance switch is in a conduction state to reduce the air suction resistance of the first air pump.
8. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 3, wherein the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for the nasal expiratory airway, and in this state, the first air suction pump and the throttle valve is open.
9. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, the state of exhaled gas collection for large expiratory tracts further includes the state of collecting expired gas of adults and the state of collecting exhaled gas of children; wherein, the The duration of the adult expired breath collection state is longer than the duration of the child's expired breath collection state.
10. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first flow sensor is a differential pressure flow sensor; the differential pressure flow sensor includes: a fixed air resistance and a A differential pressure gauge for measuring the pressure difference across the fixed air resistance.
11. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising:

    Zero point filter, used to filter the same gas as the gas to be measured to generate zero point gas;

    The second air extraction pump is used to extract sampling gas or zero point gas for detection by the detection part;

    A three-way valve is connected to the gas container, the zero point filter and the second suction pump respectively, and is used to guide the sampling gas or the zero point gas to the second suction pump through control; and

    a detection part connected to the second air pump;

    Wherein, the control part is also electrically connected with the second air pump, the three-way valve and the detection part.
12. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 11, further comprising:

    The second flow sensor is arranged between the second air pump and the detection part; wherein, the control part is also electrically connected to the second flow sensor; and

    The water removal device is arranged between the second air pump and the detection part, and the water removal device includes a Nafion tube, a hollow fiber membrane or a PTEF membrane;

    Wherein the first air pump is a diaphragm pump, and the second air pump is a piezoelectric pump.
13. The gas detection system of multiple respiratory tracts according to claim 11, wherein the gas container comprises:

    The first strip-shaped air passage, the head end and the end of the first strip-shaped air passage are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first exhaust port, and an air suction port is also provided near the first exhaust port; A sampling port is provided at the middle position of the first strip airway;

    The second strip-shaped air channel, the head end and the end of the second strip-shaped air channel are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second exhaust port;

    Wherein, both the first air inlet and the second air inlet are connected with the gas passage; the air suction port is connected with the first air pump; the sampling port is connected with the three-way valve; The first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected to the external atmosphere, the first exhaust port is provided with a first exhaust valve, and the second exhaust port is provided with a second exhaust valve;

    Wherein, the control unit is also electrically connected with the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve.
14. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 13, further comprising: an input member and an output member electrically connected to the control unit.
15. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising a handle portion for providing filtered exhaled air to the introduction port, the handle portion comprising:

    The breathing port is used to provide an interface for mouth blowing and mouth breathing;

    The outlet of the handle is suitable for being connected with the inlet;

    The first handle filter is arranged between the breathing port and the outlet, and is used to filter water vapor and/or bacteria in exhaled air through the port;

    The second handle filter, one end of the second handle filter communicates with the atmosphere outside the equipment through the one-way valve, and the other end communicates with the breathing port through the first handle filter, which is used to remove the The same gas as the measured gas.
16. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 15, wherein the first handle filter comprises one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, foam resin, silicon dioxide and charcoal The second handle filter includes a combination of one or more of molecular sieves, activated carbon, alumina, and molecular sieves loaded with strong oxidants such as potassium permanganate, activated carbon, and alumina.
17. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising a nasal exhalation part for providing filtered nasal exhalation gas to the inlet, the nasal exhalation part include:

    Nasal exhalation head, used to provide an interface for nasal exhalation;

    Nasal exhalation outlet, adapted to be connected with the inlet;

    The nasal exhalation filter is arranged between the nasal exhalation head and the nasal exhalation outlet, and is used to filter the water vapor and/or bacteria in the nasal exhalation air.
18. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 17, wherein the nasal breathing filter comprises one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, foam resin, silicon dioxide and charcoal The combination.
19. A control method for a multi-respiratory gas detection system, characterized in that the multi-respiratory gas detection system includes:

    The inlet port is used for exhaling air through the inlet port or exhaling air through the nose;

    The gas container is connected to the introduction port through the gas passage, and is used to store the imported exhaled gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection unit;

    the pressure sensor, the steady flow part and the first flow sensor are arranged in series on the gas passage,

    The stabilizing part is used to stabilize the gas flow rate of the gas passage;

    The control methods include:

    Information collection process, including determining the respiratory category for testing;

    The exhaled gas collection process includes controlling the flow stabilizing part and the first air suction pump according to the category of the respiratory tract, the real-time gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor, and the real-time gas flow measured by the first flow sensor.
20. The control method according to claim 19, characterized in that, the flow stabilizing part comprises: sub-passage one and sub-passage two connected in parallel, wherein the first sub-passage is provided with a throttling valve, and the second sub-passage is provided with a stabilizing valve connected in series. Air flow resistance and air resistance switch; wherein said airway category includes large expiratory tract, small expiratory tract and nasal expiratory tract.
21. The control method according to claim 19, characterized in that, the steady flow part comprises: a sub-channel provided with a throttle valve; wherein the airway category includes a large expiratory airway and a nasal expiratory airway.
22. The control method according to claim 20, further comprising: when the airway category is a large expiratory airway, the exhaled gas collection process includes:

    Determine whether the exhalation gas has been introduced by the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor; after it is determined that the exhalation gas has been introduced, turn off the first air suction pump, open the throttle valve, and turn off the air resistance switch to disable the steady flow air resistance , and adjust the throttle valve in real time according to the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time and the gas flow rate measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time is stable at 8-20cmH ₂ O, And the real-time gas flow measured by the first flow sensor is stable at 2.7-3.3 L/min.
23. The control method according to claim 21, further comprising: when the airway category is a large expiratory airway, the exhaled gas collection process includes:

    Determine whether the exhaled gas has been introduced by the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor; after it is determined that the exhaled gas has been introduced, turn off the first air pump, open the throttle valve, and according to the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor and the first flow sensor The gas flow measured in real time adjusts the throttle valve in real time, so that the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time is stable at 8-20 cmH ₂ O, and the gas flow measured in real time by the first flow sensor is stable at 2.7 -3.3L/min.
24. The control method according to claim 20, further comprising: when the airway type is a small expiratory airway, the exhaled gas collection process includes:

    The gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor determines whether the exhaled gas has been introduced; after it is determined that the exhaled gas has been introduced, close the first air suction pump and the throttle valve, and turn on the air resistance switch to enable the steady flow gas According to the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor and the gas flow rate measured in real time by the first flow sensor, the subject is prompted to adjust the expiratory pressure so that the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor is stable at 8-20 cmH ₂ O , and the real-time gas flow measured by the first flow sensor is stable at 10.8-13.2 L/min.
25. The control method according to claim 20, further comprising: when the airway category is nasal expiratory airway, the exhaled air sampling process further comprises:

    Open the first air pump and the throttle valve, turn off the air resistance switch to disable the steady flow air resistance, and adjust the throttle valve in real time according to the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that The real-time gas flow measured by the first flow sensor is stable at 540mL/min-660mL/min.
26. The control method according to claim 21, further comprising: when the airway category is nasal expiratory airway, the exhaled air sampling process further comprises:

    Open the first air pump and the throttle valve, and adjust the throttle valve in real time according to the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stable at 540mL/ min-660mL/min.
27. The control method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that:

    The information collection process also includes: when the airway category is a large expiratory airway, further determining the identity of the subject, and the identity includes adults and children;

    The exhaled gas collection process also includes: determining a predetermined duration according to the subject's identity, and closing the throttle valve when it is determined that the exhaled breath introduced has reached the predetermined duration; wherein, the predetermined duration corresponding to an adult is greater than The scheduled duration for children.
28. The control method according to any one of claims 19-21, wherein the multi-respiratory gas detection system further comprises:

    Zero point filter, used to filter the same gas as the gas to be measured to generate zero point gas;

    The second air extraction pump is used to extract sampling gas or zero point gas for detection by the detection part;

    A three-way valve is connected to the gas container, the zero point filter and the second suction pump respectively, and is used to guide the sampling gas or the zero point gas to the second suction pump through control; and

    a detection part connected to the second air pump;

    The control method also includes a zero point calibration process, and the zero point calibration process includes:

    Control the three-way valve so that the zero-point gas generated by the zero-point filter can be directed to the second suction pump alone;

    The second air pump is activated to extract the zero-point gas through the three-way valve for detection by the detection part, so as to obtain and save the background concentration of the gas to be measured.
29. The control method according to claim 28, characterized in that, the control method also includes a detection and analysis process, including:

    Control the three-way valve so that the sampling gas stored in the gas container can be directed to the second aspirating pump alone;

    Activate the second air pump to extract the sampled gas through the three-way valve for detection by the detection part, and obtain and save the measured concentration of the gas to be tested in the sampled gas;

    According to the stored background concentration and measured concentration of the gas to be measured, the actual concentration of the gas to be measured in the sampled gas is determined.

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