CN116636831A

CN116636831A - Multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116636831A
Application number: CN202210141637.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张煜彦; 曹宇; 林涛; 周大威; 郑盼盼; 王圣雪
Original assignee: Nanjing Nuoling Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Nuoling Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-16
Filing date: 2022-02-16
Publication date: 2023-08-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system and a control method thereof, wherein the system comprises the following components: the air inlet is used for introducing the exhaled air or the nasal exhaled air; the gas container is connected to the gas inlet through a gas passage and is used for storing the introduced gas as sampling gas for detection by the detection part; the pressure sensor, the steady flow part and the first flow sensor are arranged on the gas passage in series; wherein: the steady flow portion includes: a first sub-path and a second sub-path which are connected in parallel; wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve; the second sub-passage is provided with a steady flow air resistor and an air resistor switch which are connected in series; and the first air pump is connected with the air volume and is used for promoting the nasal exhalation air to fill the air volume. The control method comprises the following steps: in the sampling process, a throttle valve, a gas resistance switch and a first air pump are controlled according to the respiratory tract, the real-time gas pressure and the gas flow. The invention can specifically measure the exhalation passages corresponding to different symptoms of adults and children.

Description

Multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system and control method thereof

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a medical detection system and a method thereof, and more particularly, to a multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system and a control method thereof.

Background

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving a diverse group of cells including eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, smooth muscle cells, airway epithelial cells and the like. At present, at least 3 hundred million asthmatic patients worldwide, about 3000 ten thousand asthmatic patients in China, and along with the development of modern society economy and improvement of living standard of people, more and more allergens are brought by environmental problems, food problems, pet raising and the like, so that the incidence of asthma is gradually improved.

FenO (Fractional exhaled nitric oxide, i.e., exhaled nitric oxide) is produced by airway cells, whose concentration is highly correlated with the number of inflammatory cells. The exhaled gas Nitric Oxide (NO) concentration can be generally determined by both the oral exhaled nitric oxide test and the nasal exhaled nitric oxide test. The FeNO detection is widely applied to diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory diseases, has outstanding advantages in detection sensitivity, specificity, safety, early detection and medication management of asthma, and is receiving more and more attention in clinic. Some known devices and methods relating to FeNO are briefly described below.

CN112754532a discloses an exhale and collect device for collect exhale the gas and convey to detection device and detect, exhale and collect the device and include exhale and collect the way, with exhale the buffer chamber, power device that collect the way intercommunication, buffer chamber and outside air and detection device intercommunication, power device is used for driving exhale and collect the air in the way and get into buffer chamber and buffer chamber air and get into detection device, exhale and collect the way and include first pipeline, the diameter is less than the second pipeline of first pipeline, the buffer chamber is connected with the lateral wall that is close to the one end of second pipeline on the first pipeline. The exhaled air of the exhalation collecting device of CN112754532A can be reserved for a longer time, so that the exhaled air to be detected can be conveniently extracted; the front-stage gas of the exhaled gas, namely the gas in the mouth and nose, can be completely removed, so that the collected gas is completely generated by the inner respiratory tract; the exhaled air to be detected can be temporarily stored, so that the exhaled air can be stably output for a long time during the test, and meanwhile, the operation difficulty of a user can be reduced.

CN104391087B discloses a method and a device for measuring exhaled nitrogen oxide by moisture exhalation, by using the device of the present invention, the flow curve of inhalation and exhalation must be measured and monitored, the exhaled gas in at least one complete moisture exhalation cycle is automatically collected, then the average concentration of NO in the collected gas is measured, and finally, each parameter of exhaled NO is calculated according to the physiological model of NO exhalation.

CN103237493a discloses a device for collecting exhaled gas samples during normal breathing, comprising a flow generator, an orally insertable exhalation receiver and a device for isolating the nasal airways, wherein the device further comprises: a sensor for detecting a change in a parameter indicative of the change. Inhalation to exhalation and signaling the change; a control unit adapted to receive the signal and control the device to isolate the nasal airways; wherein the flow generator is connected to or integrated with the exhalation receiver. A method of collecting a sample of exhaled gas under normal respiratory conditions, comprising the steps of: detecting a change in a parameter indicative of a change from inhalation to exhalation and signaling the change; receiving the signal in a control unit; activating means for isolating the nasal airways; activating a flow generator connected to the exhalation receiver; and collecting exhaled air samples during exhalation when the nasal airways are isolated.

CN106289889B discloses a device for simultaneously sampling and analyzing molecules of mouth and nose, which consists of a mouth-call sampling module (100), a nose-call sampling module (200) and an analyzing module (300). On the basis of meeting the technical standard of ATS/ERS (automatic Telecommunications System/ERS) on the determination of NO (nitric oxide) in oral and nasal exhalations, the concentration results of nitric oxide in oral exhalations and nasal exhalations can be obtained through one-time exhalation test, interference of physiological and pathological state changes is eliminated, and more reliable data is provided for clinical judgment.

It can be seen that these known exhalation detection apparatuses and methods described above have the following problems:

1. often, only for single expiratory airway sampling detection, multiple airways may not be optionally detected online. In particular, although CN106289889B mentions simultaneous detection of mouth and nose exhalations, the effect of mouth exhalations on nose exhalations sampling at the time of simultaneous sampling is ignored and a single exhalation path acquisition cannot be selected autonomously.

2. The difference of detecting airway difference corresponding to different symptoms and the difference of mouth expiration nitric oxide test for large and small airways is not considered, for example, bronchitis can be measured through a large airway, obstructive pulmonary diseases such as emphysema and the like can be measured through a small airway, and rhinitis can be measured through a nasal exhalation tract.

3. No distinction is made between detection of adults and children. In the process of detecting the exhaled breath of the user, the pressure and the flow rate of the exhaled breath are required to be kept at proper values by the user, which puts high demands on the control of the exhaled breath by the user, and the success rate is low for some subjects with weak control ability, such as children.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system and a control method thereof, in particular to a multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system for detecting NO and a control method thereof, so as to realize collection and detection of exhaled gas of a large and small exhale passage or a nasal exhale passage, and can specifically and accurately measure exhale passages corresponding to different diseases of adults and children.

In particular, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a multi-airway gas detection system is provided. The gas detection system includes: an inlet for introducing exhaled air or nasal exhaled air; a gas container connected to the inlet via a gas passage for storing the introduced gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection section; the pressure sensor, the steady flow part and the first flow sensor are arranged on the gas passage in series; wherein: the steady flow portion is used for stabilizing the gas flow rate of the first gas passage, and comprises: a first sub-path and a second sub-path which are connected in parallel; wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve; the second sub-passage is provided with a steady flow air resistor and an air resistor switch which are connected in series; the first air pump is connected with the air volume and is used for promoting the nasal exhalation air to be filled with the air volume; and the control part is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the first flow sensor, the throttle valve, the air resistance switch and the first air pump respectively.

Further, the gas detection system includes an expired gas collection state for the large breathing channel, in which the first suction pump is in a closed state, the throttle valve is in an open state, and the air resistance switch is in an open state to disable the steady flow air resistance.

Further, the gas detection system includes an expired gas collection state for a small exhalation path, in which the first pump and throttle valve are in a closed state and the gas lock switch is in an on state to enable the steady flow gas lock.

Further, the gas detection system includes an expired gas collection state for the nasal exhalation path, in which the first pump and throttle valve are in a closed state and the gas lock switch is in an on state to enable the steady flow gas lock.

Further, the exhaled breath collection state for the large exhalation path further includes an adult exhaled breath collection state and a child exhaled breath collection state; wherein the duration of the adult exhalation breath collection state is greater than the duration of the child exhalation breath collection state.

Preferably, the first flow sensor is a differential pressure flow sensor; the differential pressure flow sensor includes: the device comprises a fixed air resistor and a differential pressure gauge for measuring the differential pressure between two ends of the fixed air resistor.

Preferably, the multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system further comprises: the zero filter is used for filtering the same gas as the gas to be detected so as to generate zero gas; the second air pump is used for extracting sampling gas or zero gas for detection by the detection part; the three-way valve is respectively connected with the air volume, the first filter and the second air pump and is used for independently guiding sampling gas or zero gas to the second air pump through control; and a detection section connected to the second suction pump; wherein, the control part is still connected with second aspiration pump, three-way valve and detection part electricity.

Preferably, the multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system further comprises: the second flow sensor is arranged between the second air suction pump and the detection part; wherein the control part is also electrically connected with the second flow sensor.

Preferably, the multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system further comprises: the water removing device is arranged between the second air extracting pump and the detection part and comprises a Nafion tube, a hollow fiber membrane or a PTEF membrane.

Preferably, the first air pump is a diaphragm pump, and the second air pump is a piezoelectric pump.

Preferably, the gas volume comprises: the first air inlet and the first air outlet are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the first air channel, and an air extraction opening is further arranged near the first air outlet; a sampling port is arranged at the middle position of the first strip-shaped air passage; the head end and the tail end of the second strip-shaped air channel are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet; wherein the second gas inlet and the first gas inlet are both communicated with the gas passage; the air extracting opening is connected with the first air extracting pump; the sampling port is connected with the three-way valve; the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected with the outside atmosphere, a first exhaust valve is arranged on the first exhaust port, and a second exhaust valve is arranged on the second exhaust port; wherein, the control portion is still connected with first discharge valve and second discharge valve electricity.

Preferably, the multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system further comprises: an input member and an output member electrically connected to the control section.

Further, the multi-airway gas detection system further comprises a handle portion for providing filtered exhaled breath to the inlet port, the handle portion comprising: a breathing port for providing a mouthpiece for mouthpiece blowing and mouthpiece sucking; a handle outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet; the first handle filter is arranged between the breathing port and the export port and is used for filtering vapor and/or bacteria in the gas breathed out by the port; and one end of the second handle filter is communicated with the atmosphere outside the equipment through a one-way valve, and the other end of the second handle filter is communicated with the breathing port through the first handle filter and is used for removing the same gas as the gas to be detected in the inhaled gas.

Preferably, the first handle filter comprises one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica and charcoal, and the second handle filter comprises one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina and a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate loaded molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina.

Further, the multi-airway gas detection system further comprises a nasal exhalation portion for providing filtered nasal exhaled gas to the inlet. The nose breathing section includes: a nasal exhalation head for providing an interface for nasal exhalation; a nasal call outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet; the nose exhaler is arranged between the nose exhaler and the nose exhaler outlet and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the nose exhaler gas.

Preferably, the nasal call filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica and charcoal.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method of controlling a multi-airway gas detection system is provided. The multi-airway gas detection system includes: an inlet for introducing exhaled air or nasal exhaled air; a gas container connected to the inlet via a gas passage for storing the introduced gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection section; the pressure sensor, the steady flow part and the first flow sensor are arranged on the gas passage in series; wherein: the steady flow portion is used for stabilizing the gas flow rate of the first gas passage, and comprises: a first sub-path and a second sub-path which are connected in parallel; wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve; and the second sub-passage is provided with a steady-flow air resistor and an air resistor switch which are connected in series. The control method comprises the following steps: the information acquisition process comprises the steps of determining the respiratory tract category aimed at by detection; the exhaled breath collection flow comprises the steps of controlling a throttle valve, a gas resistance switch and a first air pump according to the respiratory tract type, the gas pressure measured by a pressure sensor in real time and the gas flow measured by a first flow sensor in real time; wherein the respiratory tract categories include large, small and nasal airways.

Further, the control method further includes: when the respiratory tract type is a large respiratory tract, the exhaled breath collection flow comprises: determining whether the exhaled breath has been introduced by the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor; after the introduced exhaled air is determined, a first air pump is closed, a throttle valve is opened, the air resistance switch is opened to disable the steady flow air resistance, and the throttle valve is regulated in real time according to the air pressure measured in real time by a pressure sensor and the air flow measured in real time by a first flow sensor, so that the air pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor is stabilized at 8-20cmH ₂ And O, and the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stabilized at 2.7-3.3L/min.

Further, the control method further includes: when the respiratory tract type is small respiratory tract, and the respiratory tract type is small respiratory tract type, and the respiratory tract type is small respiratory tract type comprises the following steps: determining whether the exhaled breath has been introduced by the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor; after the introduced exhaled air is determined, the first air pump and the throttle valve are closed, the air resistance switch is conducted to enable the steady flow air resistance, and the subject is prompted to adjust the exhalation speed according to the air pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time and the air flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that the air pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time is stabilized at 8-20cmH ₂ 0, and the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stabilized at 10.8-13.2L/min.

Further, the control method further includes: when the respiratory tract type is nasal respiratory tract, the exhaled breath sampling flow further comprises: and opening the first air pump and the throttle valve, so that the air resistance switch is disconnected to disable the steady flow air resistance, and the throttle valve is regulated in real time according to the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stabilized at 540-660 mL/min.

Further, the information collection flow further includes: further determining the identity of the subject when the respiratory tract class is the large respiratory tract, the identity including adults and children; the exhaled breath collection process further comprises: determining a predetermined duration based on the identity of the subject, closing the throttle valve when it is determined that the introduced exhaled breath reaches the predetermined duration; wherein the predetermined duration corresponding to the adult is greater than the predetermined duration corresponding to the child.

Further, the multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system further comprises: the zero filter is used for filtering the same gas as the gas to be detected so as to generate zero gas; the second air pump is used for extracting sampling gas or zero gas for detection by the detection part; the three-way valve is respectively connected with the air volume, the first filter and the second air pump and is used for independently guiding sampling gas or zero gas to the second air pump through control; and a detection section connected to the second suction pump; the control method further comprises a zero calibration process, wherein the zero calibration process comprises the following steps: the three-way valve is controlled to be capable of independently guiding zero gas generated by the zero filter to the second air extracting pump; and starting the second air pump to extract zero gas through the three-way valve for detection by the detection part, so as to obtain and store the background concentration of the gas to be detected.

Further, the control method further includes detecting an analysis flow, including: controlling the three-way valve to be capable of independently guiding the sampling gas stored in the gas volume to the second air pump; starting a second air pump to extract sampling gas through a three-way valve for detection by a detection part, so as to obtain and store the measured concentration of the gas to be detected in the sampling gas; and determining the actual concentration of the gas to be detected in the sampling gas according to the stored background concentration and the measured concentration of the gas to be detected.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the self-adjusting system obtained by combining the steady flow air resistance, the throttle valve, the first air pump, the pressure sensor and the first flow sensor can realize the collection of the exhaled air of the automatic large and small exhaled air channels or the nasal exhaled air channels, can better differentially control the flow rate according to the identity (namely adults and children) of the respiratory tract and the subject to which the detection is aimed, and can keep the flow rate stable so as to realize more accurate measurement and diagnosis for different respiratory tract types, thereby being capable of carrying out targeted treatment according to different lesion positions.

2. The design of the double air passages in the air volume can better and more efficiently remove head and tail gases and keep middle-section gases required by detection. 3. The middle position of the airway in the air volume is provided with a sampling port, the tail end of the airway is provided with an exhaust port and an exhaust valve, non-expired air existing in the oral cavity, the nose, the throat and the bronchus can be better discharged when expired air is collected, expired air without external environment interference can be extracted and obtained when detection and analysis are carried out, the accuracy of concentration measurement is ensured, and meanwhile, air supply at two ends can be carried out when air is extracted, so that the resistance in the extraction process is greatly reduced.

4. The design of the zero filter and the three-way valve can detect the background concentration of the gas to be detected (such as NO) in the system under the condition that the breathing operation is not carried out and the interference of the gas to be detected in the external environment is eliminated, so that the accuracy of the final detection result is ensured.

5. The self-adjusting system that the combination of water trap, second flow sensor and second aspiration pump obtained can guarantee to detect stable gas flow rate and humidity value when analyzing, is favorable to the accurate measurement of detection portion.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention by way of example and not limitation, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a multi-airway gas detection system in an exhaled gas collection state for both large and small airways according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a multi-airway gas detection system in an exhaled gas collection state for the nasal exhalation passageways according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a multi-airway gas detection system in a zero calibration state according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow of gas in a detection state of a multi-airway gas detection system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas volume in a multi-airway gas detection system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a flow chart of a control method of a multi-airway gas detection system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

The technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "provided", "arranged", "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.

In the description of the present invention, relational terms such as "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

In the description of the present invention, the term "subject" refers to a person receiving respiratory tract detection by the multi-respiratory tract gas detection system of the present invention; the term "user" refers to an operator or controller of the multi-airway gas detection system of the present invention, which may be the subject himself or herself, as well as other individuals such as doctors, nurses, and the like.

1-4, in one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-airway gas detection system includes a handle portion 100, a nasal exhalation portion 300, and a host 200. The host 200 may detect the concentration of the gas under test (NO in this embodiment) in different respiratory tracts. These different respiratory tracts include: large, small and nasal airways. The handle portion 100 and the nasal breathing portion 300 need to be selectively connected to the host 200 according to different respiratory tracts. That is, the handle portion 100 corresponds to the large-exhalation-path and small-exhalation-path detection, and the nasal exhalation portion 300 corresponds to the nasal exhalation-path detection.

Handle portion 100

The handle portion 100 is intended to deliver or provide filtered oral exhaled breath to the host 200. The handle 100 includes, but is not limited to, a breathing port 101, a handle exit port 102, a first handle filter 103, a second handle filter 104, and a one-way valve 105.

The breathing port 101 is used to provide a subject with a mouthpiece for the insufflation of exhaled breath and a mouthpiece for the inhalation of inhaled breath.

The handle outlet 102 is connected to the host 200 via a gas passageway such as a conduit to direct the filtered oral exhaled gas of the handle portion 100 to the host 200 for storage and detection.

The exhalation port 101 and the handle exit port 102 communicate via a first handle filter 103, the first handle filter 103 being disposed therebetween for filtering moisture and/or bacteria in the exhaled breath. Preferably, the first handle filter 103 comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica and charcoal.

One end of the second handle filter 104 communicates with the outside atmosphere of the apparatus via the check valve 105, and the other end communicates with the breathing port 101 via the first handle filter 103. The second handle filter 104 is used to remove NO in the inhaled gas when the subject inhales through the inhalation port 101. Preferably, the second handle filter 104 comprises a combination of one or more of a molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a strong oxidizer such as potassium permanganate.

The above structural design of the handle part 100 can realize the introduction of the mouth and the exhalation gas of a subject to the host, and the problem of interference of residual NO and environmental NO in the mouth and nose of the subject can be well solved through the pre-exhalation gas and inhalation action performed by the handle part 100 before formal exhalation sampling, so that the accuracy of a test result is ensured.

Nose breathing part 300

The nasal exhalation part 300 is to deliver or provide filtered nasal exhalation gas to the host 200. The nose breathing unit 300 includes: a nasal call head 301, a nasal call outlet 302, and a nasal call filter 303.

The nasal exhalation head 301 is used to provide an interface for nasal exhalation. The nasal exhalation vent 302 is adapted to connect with a host vent via a gas pathway such as a conduit to direct nasal exhalation gas filtered by the nasal exhalation 300 to the host 200 for storage and detection. A nasal exhalation filter 303 is provided between the nasal exhalation head 301 and the nasal exhalation outlet 303 for filtering moisture and/or bacteria in the nasal exhalation gas.

Preferably, the nasal call filter 303 comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica and charcoal.

Host 200

The host 200 is used for temporary storage and detection analysis of the gas filtered by the handle 100 or nasal call 300 and is capable of interacting with a user or subject.

Host 200 includes, but is not limited to: an inlet 201, a gas volume 202, a first pump 203, a second pump 204, a zero-point filter 205, a three-way valve 206, a detection portion 207, a pressure sensor 208, a steady flow portion 209, a first flow sensor 210, a second flow sensor 211, a water removal device 212, a control portion (not shown), an input member (not shown), and an output member (not shown).

The inlet 201 is connectable to the handle outlet 102 of the handle portion 100 or the nasal discharge outlet 302 of the nasal discharge portion 300, and is used for introducing the exhaled air or nasal exhaled air.

The gas container 202 is connected to the inlet 201 via a gas passage for storing the introduced exhaled gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection part 207.

As shown in fig. 5, the gas volume 202 is a chamber for storing gas, and includes a first strip-shaped gas channel and a second strip-shaped gas channel. The head end and the tail end of the first strip-shaped air channel are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, and a sampling port is arranged at the middle position. And an extraction opening is further arranged near the first exhaust port in the first strip-shaped air passage. The head end and the tail end of the second strip-shaped air channel are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet. Wherein, the first air inlet and the second air inlet 2025 are both communicated with the air passage and adjacently arranged, so that the exhaled air in the air passage is divided into two into air volumes. The pumping port is connected to a first pumping pump 203. The sampling port is connected to a three-way valve 206. The first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected with the external atmosphere, a first exhaust valve 213 is arranged on the first exhaust port, and a second exhaust valve 214 is arranged on the second exhaust port, so that the gas volume is communicated with the external atmosphere according to the requirement, and gas in the gas volume is exhausted or sampling gas in the gas volume 202 is caused to be pumped by the second pumping pump 204 in the gas detection process.

In particular, the first strip-shaped air passage is designed into a folding strip-shaped air passage and is formed by folding a plurality of sections of linear type sub-air passages so as to save space. The length of the second strip airway is equal to the length of the linear type sub airway in the first strip airway.

The reason for adopting the biphasic airway is that, because the exhaled gas is in a parabolic curve with increasing and decreasing steps over time, the exhaled concentration of NO in the middle range (i.e. the peak segment) of the curve is detected most accurately, so that the head-tail gas needs to be exhausted first, and the middle segment is reserved. The volume of the expired gas of the reserved middle section is larger, and only a part of gas of the middle section can be reserved as sampling gas through the two-phase air passage, so that the sampling effect and the sampling accuracy are greatly improved compared with the single-phase air passage.

The pressure sensor 208, the flow stabilizer 209, and the first flow sensor 210 are disposed in series in the gas passage between the inlet 201 and the gas volume 202. The pressure sensor 208 is used to measure the gas pressure in the gas path in real time. By measuring the gas pressure, it is possible to know whether gas is flowing through the gas passage, and thus determine whether gas has been blown in and whether to stop blowing in, and the duration of the gas exhaled by the subject.

The first flow sensor 210 is used to measure the flow of gas in the gas path in real time. It has been previously mentioned that the duration of the exhaled breath of the subject can be detected by the pressure sensor 208, and in combination with the flow rate and volume of the gas (typically a known quantity) measured by the first flow sensor 210, it can be determined whether the exhaled breath is filled with volume of gas. In this embodiment, the first flow sensor 210 is a differential pressure flow sensor, which includes a fixed air resistor 2101 and a differential pressure gauge 2102 for measuring a differential pressure across the fixed air resistor 2102. The fixed air resistor 2101 is an element having a certain blocking effect on the air flow in the air passage, and for example, a venturi tube or the like can be used. Here, the first flow sensor 210 is used to measure the expiratory flow of the subject in the gas path in real time to ensure the expiratory flow/flow rate is stable, and the measurement accuracy is low compared to the measurement of the flow rate of the gas flowing into the detection portion 207 during the gas detection. Therefore, the cost can be reduced by using the differential pressure flow sensor for the first flow sensor 210, and the fixed air resistor 2101 in the differential pressure flow sensor can also play a role in adjusting the gas flow in the gas passage. In other embodiments, other flow sensors with greater measurement accuracy may be employed for the first flow sensor 210 without regard to cost, or for other purposes.

The flow stabilizer 209 is used to stabilize the gas flow in the gas passage within a proper range. In this embodiment, the flow stabilizer 209 is significantly different from the known prior art design. Specifically, the current stabilizer in this embodiment includes a first sub-path and a second sub-path connected in parallel. Wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve 2091, and the second sub-passage is provided with a steady flow air resistor 2092 and an air resistor switch 2093 which are connected in series. The throttle valve 2091 and the steady flow air resistor 2092 may have different adjustment ranges and adjustment accuracies. Therefore, the design mode of connecting the throttle valve and the steady flow air resistor in parallel can regulate the gas flow of the gas passage in a wider range and can give consideration to different regulation precision, so that different regulation and control can be carried out on subjects (for example, adults and children) with different respiratory tract detection and different age groups, the gas sampling success rate is improved, and the detection accuracy is further improved. In this embodiment, the air-lock switch 2093 employs a solenoid valve to ensure the switching speed. In other embodiments, the air lock switch 2093 may take other forms of on-off valve. The throttle valve 2091 is a valve that controls the flow rate of fluid by changing the throttle cross section or throttle length. The steady flow air resistor 2092 is similar in structure to the fixed air resistor 2101.

A first pump 203 is connected to the gas holder 202 for urging nasal exhalation gas to fill the gas holder. In this embodiment, the first pump 203 is a diaphragm pump. The reason for adopting the diaphragm pump is that the flow output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, but the range is small, the pressure loss is large, the requirement of the nasal exhalation on the air extraction flow cannot be met, and the range of the diaphragm pump is larger, and the requirement of the nasal exhalation on the air extraction flow can be met.

The zero-point filter 205 is used to filter the same gas as the gas to be measured (NO in the present embodiment) to generate the zero-point gas. In this embodiment, the zero point filter 205 is similar to the second handle filter 104, and preferably includes one or more of a molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a strong oxidizer such as potassium permanganate supported molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina.

The second air pump 204 is used for pumping the sampling gas in the air volume 202 or the zero gas filtered by the zero filter 205 for detection by the detection part. In this embodiment, the piezoelectric pump is used as the second pump 204, because the flow output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, and the stability of the flow directly affects the measurement accuracy of the detecting portion.

A three-way valve 206 is connected to the gas volume 202, the zero filter 205 and the second pump 204, respectively, for individually directing the sampling gas or the zero gas to the second pump 204 by control. The three-way valve 206 may include a three-way pipe or a three-way chamber having three openings connected to each other, each opening being provided with a separate control switch, each control switch being connected to the control portion to individually control opening and closing of the corresponding opening, thereby achieving switching conduction between different gas passages.

A detecting part 207 for detecting the concentration of the gas to be measured in the gas pumped by the second pump, in this embodiment, the detecting part 207 includes an NO sensor.

The second flow sensor 211 is used to measure the flow of gas entering the detection unit 207 in real time, and is preferably disposed between the second pump 204 and the detection unit 207. As described above, the second flow sensor 211 preferably employs a sensor having a higher sensing accuracy than the first flow sensor to ensure gas detection accuracy.

The water removal device 212 is used for maintaining the humidity of the gas entering the detection portion 207, and is also provided between the second suction pump 204 and the detection portion 207. In the present embodiment, the water removal device 212 is provided upstream of the second flow sensor 211, i.e., farther from the detection portion 207 than the second flow sensor 211. In other embodiments, the second flow sensor 211 may be disposed upstream of the water removal device 212 as needed. Preferably, the water removal device is selected from Nafion tubing, hollow fiber membranes or PTEF membranes.

The control section controls the first pump 203, the second pump 204, the three-way valve 206, the detection section 207, the pressure sensor 208, the flow stabilizing section 209, the first flow sensor 210, the second flow sensor 211, and the first and second exhaust valves 213 and 214 of the air volume, respectively. Specifically, the control section may include an analysis control circuit and a driving device connected to the analysis control circuit, for example, the analysis control circuit may be implemented by a dedicated or general-purpose software and hardware circuit, an integrated circuit, a programmable logic chip, or the like, and the driving device may include a driving motor or the like. More specifically, in some embodiments, an analysis control circuit in the control part may be electrically connected to the detection part 207, the pressure sensor 208, the first flow sensor 210 and the second flow sensor 211 to acquire measurement data in real time, and a driving device in the control part may control actions of the first suction pump 203, the second suction pump 204, the first and second exhaust valves 213 and 214 of the air volume, the three-way valve 206 and the steady flow part 209, and the like, so as to perform driving regulation on the corresponding components according to the acquired measurement data.

The input member and the output member are connected to the control portion, respectively. The input means may include an input device such as a keyboard, buttons, or a touch-sensitive display screen for enabling the control section to perform a corresponding operation according to user input. In particular, the user input may include instructions or operations for indicating the respiratory tract for which the test is directed, instructions or operations for indicating the identity of the subject (e.g., adult or child), and the like. The output means may comprise a display, speaker, buzzer or like output device for displaying the status and real-time measurement data of the various sensors, switches, valves in the detection system and for providing corresponding voice/image prompts or alarms for the subject or user, etc. to assist the subject in adjusting the expiratory airflow in accordance with the prompts or alarms.

In addition, although the gas to be detected is NO in the present embodiment, the gas detection system of the present invention may be used for detecting other gases. In the case of detecting other gases, the detection may be performed by replacing the corresponding filters (e.g., the second handle filter 104 and the zero point filter 205) and the detection unit 207.

Through the structural design, the gas detection system can automatically select the collection and detection of the large and small exhaled gas channels or the nasal exhaled gas channels, and can accurately measure the exhaled gas channels corresponding to different symptoms of adults and children in a targeted manner.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the method for controlling the multi-airway gas detection system of the present invention will be described in detail using NO gas detection as an example.

As shown in fig. 6, the control method of the multi-respiratory gas detection system of the present invention may generally include the following procedures/processes: information acquisition, zero point calibration, pre-expiration and inspiration, expired air sampling, detection and analysis. Wherein the pre-exhalation and inhalation flows are typically performed only prior to the exhalation gas sampling flow for the large and small exhalation passages, and the pre-exhalation and inhalation flows need not be performed prior to the exhalation gas sampling flow for the nasal exhalation passages. The following describes each flow.

(S1) information acquisition

The procedure is primarily accomplished by the control receiving input instructions or operations from a user or subject through the input means, including but not limited to instructions or operations for selecting the airway for which the test is intended, instructions or operations for selecting the identity of the subject (e.g., child or adult), and instructions or operations for aborting or terminating the test.

The output means may assist in the process under the control of the control, for example, to interactively send feedback information to the user or subject to assist in completing the information acquisition process.

(S2) zero calibration

Zero calibration is used to detect the background concentration of NO in the system without the detector performing a breathing operation and excluding the gas to be measured in the external environment.

As shown in fig. 3, the zero calibration flow involves a path formed by the zero filter 205 via the three-way valve 206, the second suction pump 204, the second flow sensor 211, the water removal device 212, and the gas detection device 207.

The zero calibration procedure includes the following operations:

1) The three-way valve 206 is controlled so that the three-way valve 206 can independently guide the zero gas generated by the zero filter 205 to the second air pump 204, and the second air pump 204 is started to extract the zero gas through the three-way valve 206, at this time, the system enters a zero calibration state, and the gas extracted by the second air pump 204 reaches the detection part 207 after passing through the second flow sensor 211 and the water removing device 212;

2) During the pumping process of the second pump 204, the gas flow of the gas passage is obtained in real time through the second flow sensor 206, and the duty ratio of the second pump 204 is adjusted in real time, so that the zero gas flow rate/flow of the gas passage is stable.

3) When the second pump 204 is activated for a predetermined time (e.g., 40 s), the detection result of the detection section 207 is read and stored, the background NO concentration is obtained, and the second pump 204 is turned off, at which point the system is NO longer in the zero calibration state.

In the above procedure, the reading of the data when the second pump 204 is operated for a predetermined time ensures that NO remaining in the previous expiration detection exists in the gas passage, and ensures that the gas flow rate is stable.

The zero calibration flow can be automatically realized by the control part.

(S3) Pre-expiration and inspiration

This flow is typically performed just prior to the exhaled gas sampling for the large and small exhalation passageways, including two sequential steps of pre-exhaling and inhaling.

The pre-breathing step comprises the following steps: the subject is prompted to perform a pre-exhaling action through the exhaling port 101 of the handle portion 100 to exhaust the residual air, and to keep the check valve 105 in the handle portion 100 in a closed state.

The air suction step comprises the following steps: whether the subject completes the pre-expiration action is determined by the real-time measurement data of the pressure sensor 208, and after the subject is determined to complete the pre-expiration action, the subject is prompted to perform the inspiration action, and at this time, the inhaled gas passes through the second handle filter 104 to filter out NO, so as to prevent interference to the concentration of NO in the exhaled gas sampling process.

It is emphasized that the exhaled breath sampling procedure for large airways or small airways is typically performed immediately after the pre-exhale and inhale procedures are performed. The pre-expiration and inspiration flow can improve the sampling accuracy and ensure the detection accuracy. The control flow may be automatically realized by the control unit.

(S4) exhaled breath collection

The flow refers to a process of introducing the oral exhaled gas or nasal exhaled gas into a gas volume to store as a sampling gas, and does not include pre-exhalation and inhalation flows.

(a) Exhaled air collection for nasal exhale tract

This procedure is used to obtain and store nasal exhaled air of a subject as a sampling gas.

Referring to fig. 2, the flow of exhaled air from the nasal airway is collected by the path formed by the nasal exhalation 300, the pressure sensor 208, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilizer 209, the first flow sensor 210, the air volume 202, and the first pump 203.

The process comprises the following steps:

1) The first pump 203 is opened to force nasal exhaled air into the air volume 202, and the first and second exhaust valves 213 and 214 in the air volume 202 are controlled to be opened, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilizing portion 209 is opened, and the air resistance switch 2093 is turned off to disable the flow stabilizing air resistance 2092. Further, it is preferable to shut off the second pump 204 and close the opening in the three-way valve 206 that communicates with the volume 202, at which point the system enters an expired air collection state for the nasal exhalation path.

2) During the pumping process of the first pump 203, the gas flow rate/flow rate of the gas passage is measured in real time by the first flow sensor 210, and the throttle valve 2091 is adjusted in real time according to the measured gas flow rate/flow rate, so as to ensure that the flow rate of the pumping gas is stabilized between 540mL/min and 660mL/min.

3) When the gas in the nasal airway is drawn to substantially fill the volume 4, the first pump 203 and throttle 2091 are closed, and the first and second exhaust valves 213, 214 in the volume 202 are controlled such that the first and second exhaust ports are closed to obtain a sampled gas, and the system is no longer in an exhaled gas collection state for the nasal exhalation path.

In the above procedure, the nasal exhaled air will first pass through the first handle filter 103 to filter the moisture of the extracted air, and then pass through the throttle valve 2091 to adjust the moisture content of the extracted air, and then enter the air chamber 4, and the pre-existing air in the air chamber 4 is exhausted through the exhaust port on the air chamber 203.

(b) Exhaled breath sampling for small exhaler tracts

This procedure obtains and stores the subject's mouth-exhaled air as a sampled gas, typically performed after a pre-exhalation and inhalation procedure.

As in fig. 1, the flow path involves a path formed by the handle portion 100, the pressure sensor 208, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilizer 209, the first flow sensor 210, and the air volume 202.

The process comprises the following steps:

1) Prompting the subject to perform an exhalation action, determining whether the exhaled air is introduced through the pressure sensor 208, turning the one-way valve 105 in the handle part 100 into an open state after determining that the exhaled air is introduced, and controlling the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the air volume 202 so as to open the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port; at the same time, the throttle valve 2091 in the steady flow portion 209 is closed, the air lock switch 2093 is turned on to enable dynamic air lock 2092, the first pump 203 and the second pump 204 are closed, and the opening in the three-way valve 206 communicating with the air volume 202 is closed, at this time, the system enters an exhaled air collection state for the small exhalation path.

2) The pressure sensor 208 and the first flow sensor 210 detect the gas pressure and the gas flow/velocity in the gas passage in real time, and output and feedback the real-time data through the output component to prompt the subject to adjust the expiration speed, so that the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor 208 in real time is stabilized at 8-20 cmH ₂ 0, and the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor 210 in real time is stabilized at 10.8-13.2L/min. The output feedback is output through the output component, so that the prompt of the subject can be performed through a system interface display mode or through a voice prompt mode. For example, a gas flow reference profile and an actual gas flow profile of the subject may be displayed on a system interface to prompt the subject.

3) When the expired air fills the air volume 202, the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the air volume 202 are controlled so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are closed, and the air resistance switch is turned off at the same time, so that the sampled air is obtained, and the system is no longer in the expired air collection state for the small expired air channel. The duration of the exhaled breath may be determined by the measurement data of the pressure sensor 208, and by combining the flow data measured by the first flow sensor 210 with the size of the gas volume 202, it may be calculated whether the exhaled breath fills the gas volume 202.

In this process, the exhaled air first passes through the first handle filter 103 to remove water vapor, and then passes through the dynamic air resistor 2092 and the fixed air resistor 2101 to enter the air volume 202. During this process, non-exhaled gas previously present in the gas volume 202 will be exhausted from the exhaust port of the gas volume 202 (about 2-8 seconds), and exhaled gas that later enters the gas volume 202 will be stored in the gas volume 202 as sampled gas.

(c) Exhaled breath sampling for large exhalation passageways

The process comprises the following steps:

1) Prompting the subject to take an exhalation action and determining, via pressure sensor 208, whether the exhaled air has been introduced; after the exhaled air from the imported port is confirmed, the one-way valve 105 is turned into an open state, and the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 on the air volume 202 are controlled so as to open the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port; at the same time, the throttle valve 2091 in the steady flow portion 209 is opened, the air lock switch 2093 is turned off to disable the dynamic air lock 2092, the first and second pumps 203, 204 are closed, and the opening in the three-way valve 206 communicating with the air volume 202 is closed, and the system enters an exhaled air collection state for the large exhalation path.

2) The pressure sensor 208 and the first flow sensor 210 detect the gas pressure and the gas flow/velocity in the gas passage in real time, and adjust the throttle valve 2091 in real time according to the detected data, so that the gas pressure detected by the pressure sensor in real time is stabilized at 8-20cmH ₂ And O, and the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stabilized at 2.7-3.3L/min.

3) When the exhaled air fills the air volume 202, the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the air volume 202 are controlled so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are closed, and the air resistance switch is turned off at the same time, so that the sampled air is obtained, and the system is no longer in an exhaled air collection state for the exhaled air channel.

Considering the differences between adult subjects and pediatric subjects (e.g., adult can keep the puffs about 10s or so in total, child can keep the puffs about 6s or so) during the collection of exhaled breath for a large exhalation path: controlling, for an adult subject, a duration of an exhaled breath collection process for the large exhalation airway to a first duration (e.g., 8-12 s); the duration of the exhaled breath collection process is controlled to a second duration (e.g., 4-8 s) for the pediatric subject, wherein the first duration is greater than the second duration. Control of the different durations may be achieved by control of the throttle valve 2091 and the vent valves 213 and 214 on the gas volume 202. For example, when it is confirmed that the exhaled air has been introduced, the exhaust valve 2091 is opened, and the exhaust valves 213 and 214 are controlled to open the first and second exhaust ports of the air volume 202; and upon determining that the introduced exhaled air reaches the predetermined duration, the throttle valve 2091 is closed, and the exhaust valves 213 and 214 are controlled to close the first and second exhaust ports of the air volume 202.

The whole exhaled breath collection flow can be realized through the interaction of the control part and the subject.

(S5) detection analysis

The process is used to perform a detection analysis on the sampled gas stored in the gas volume 202 to obtain the actual concentration of NO.

As shown in fig. 4, the detection mode involves a path formed by the air volume 202, the three-way valve 206, the water removal device 212, the second suction pump 204, and the detection section 207.

The process comprises the following steps:

1) The three-way valve 206 is controlled such that the three-way valve 206 is capable of individually guiding the sampling gas stored in the gas volume 202 to the second suction pump 204.

2) The second pump 204 is activated to pump the sampled gas through the three-way valve 206, and the gas pumped by the second pump 204 reaches the detection part 207 after passing through the second flow sensor 211 and the water removing device 212. During the pumping process of the second pump 204, the gas flow of the gas passage is obtained in real time by the second flow sensor 206, and the duty ratio of the second pump 204 is adjusted in real time, so as to stabilize the sampling gas flow rate/flow of the gas passage.

3) When the second pump 204 is activated for a predetermined time (for example, 40 s), the detection result of the detection portion 207 is read and stored, resulting in a NO measurement concentration in the sample gas.

4) And acquiring the stored background NO concentration, and determining the actual concentration of NO in the sampling gas by combining the NO measured concentration in the sampling gas.

The flow may be automatically realized by the control unit.

In the above control method, the above-described processes are not strictly divided into the following steps. For example, the zero calibration procedure may be performed before or after the exhaled breath sampling procedure corresponding to the different respiratory tract. Even further, in some embodiments, only one or more of the above-described flows may be performed.

According to the multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system and method disclosed by the invention, the collection and detection of the large and small respiratory tracts or the nasal respiratory tract can be independently selected, and accurate measurement can be performed on respiratory tracts corresponding to different symptoms of adults and children in a targeted manner.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications in form and detail may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these are considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-airway gas detection system, the gas detection system comprising:

An inlet for introducing exhaled air or nasal exhaled air;

a gas container connected to the inlet via a gas passage for storing the introduced exhaled gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection section;

the pressure sensor, the steady flow part and the first flow sensor are arranged on the gas passage in series; wherein:

the steady flow portion is used for stabilizing the gas flow rate of the first gas passage, and comprises: a first sub-path and a second sub-path which are connected in parallel; wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve; the second sub-passage is provided with a steady flow air resistor and an air resistor switch which are connected in series;

the first air pump is connected with the air volume and is used for promoting the nasal exhalation air to be filled with the air volume;

and the control part is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the first flow sensor, the throttle valve, the air resistance switch and the first air pump respectively.

2. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for a large exhaled gas channel, in which the first pump is in a closed state, the throttle valve is in an open state, and the gas barrier switch is in an open state to disable the flow stabilizing gas barrier.

3. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for a small exhalation path, in which the first pump and throttle valve are closed and the gas barrier switch is on to enable the steady flow gas barrier.

4. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the gas detection system includes an exhaled gas collection state for the nasal exhalation path, in which the first pump and throttle valve are in a closed state, and the gas barrier switch is in an on state to enable the steady flow gas barrier.

5. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the exhaled gas collection state for a large exhalation path further comprises an adult exhaled gas collection state and a child exhaled gas collection state; wherein the duration of the adult exhalation breath collection state is greater than the duration of the child exhalation breath collection state.

6. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the first flow sensor is a differential pressure flow sensor; the differential pressure flow sensor includes: the device comprises a fixed air resistor and a differential pressure gauge for measuring the differential pressure between two ends of the fixed air resistor.

7. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 1, further comprising:

the zero filter is used for filtering the same gas as the gas to be detected so as to generate zero gas;

The second air pump is used for extracting sampling gas or zero gas for detection by the detection part;

the three-way valve is respectively connected with the air volume, the first filter and the second air pump and is used for independently guiding sampling gas or zero gas to the second air pump through control; and

a detection part connected to the second suction pump;

wherein, the control part is still connected with second aspiration pump, three-way valve and detection part electricity.

8. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 7, further comprising: the second flow sensor is arranged between the second air suction pump and the detection part; wherein the control part is also electrically connected with the second flow sensor.

9. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 7, further comprising: the water removing device is arranged between the second air extracting pump and the detection part and comprises a Nafion tube, a hollow fiber membrane or a PTEF membrane.

10. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 7, wherein the first pump is a diaphragm pump and the second pump is a piezoelectric pump.

11. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 7, wherein the gas volume comprises:

The first air inlet and the first air outlet are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the first air channel, and an air extraction opening is further arranged near the first air outlet; a sampling port is arranged at the middle position of the first strip-shaped air passage;

the head end and the tail end of the second strip-shaped air channel are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet;

wherein the first gas inlet and the second gas inlet are both communicated with the gas passage; the air extracting opening is connected with the first air extracting pump; the sampling port is connected with the three-way valve; the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected with the outside atmosphere, a first exhaust valve is arranged on the first exhaust port, and a second exhaust valve is arranged on the second exhaust port;

wherein, the control portion is still connected with first discharge valve and second discharge valve electricity.

12. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 11, further comprising: an input member and an output member electrically connected to the control section.

13. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 1, further comprising a handle portion for providing filtered exhaled breath to the inlet port, the handle portion comprising:

A breathing port for providing a mouthpiece for mouthpiece blowing and mouthpiece sucking;

a handle outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet;

the first handle filter is arranged between the breathing port and the export port and is used for filtering vapor and/or bacteria in the gas breathed out by the port;

and one end of the second handle filter is communicated with the atmosphere outside the equipment through a one-way valve, and the other end of the second handle filter is communicated with the breathing port through the first handle filter and is used for removing the same gas as the gas to be detected in the inhaled gas.

14. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 13, wherein the first handle filter comprises one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica and charcoal, and the second handle filter comprises one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina and a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate loaded molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina.

15. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 1, further comprising a nasal exhalation portion for providing filtered nasal exhalation gas to the inlet, the nasal exhalation portion comprising:

A nasal exhalation head for providing an interface for nasal exhalation;

a nasal call outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet;

the nose exhaler is arranged between the nose exhaler and the nose exhaler outlet and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the nose exhaler gas.

16. The multi-airway gas detection system according to claim 15, wherein the nasal breathing filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica, and charcoal.

17. A method of controlling a multi-airway gas detection system, the multi-airway gas detection system comprising:

an inlet for introducing exhaled air or nasal exhaled air;

The control method comprises the following steps:

the information acquisition process comprises the steps of determining the respiratory tract category aimed at by detection;

the exhaled breath collection flow comprises the steps of controlling a throttle valve, a gas resistance switch and a first air pump according to the respiratory tract type, the gas pressure measured by a pressure sensor in real time and the gas flow measured by a first flow sensor in real time; wherein the respiratory tract categories include large, small and nasal airways.

18. The control method according to claim 17, characterized by further comprising: when the respiratory tract type is a large respiratory tract, the exhaled breath collection flow comprises:

determining whether the exhaled breath has been introduced by the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor; after the introduced exhaled air is determined, a first air pump is closed, a throttle valve is opened, the air resistance switch is opened to disable the steady flow air resistance, and the throttle valve is regulated in real time according to the air pressure measured in real time by a pressure sensor and the air flow measured in real time by a first flow sensor, so that the air pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor is stabilized at 8-20cmH ₂ And O, and the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stabilized at 2.7-3.3L/min.

19. The control method according to claim 17, characterized by further comprising: when the respiratory tract type is small respiratory tract, and the respiratory tract type is small respiratory tract type, and the respiratory tract type is small respiratory tract type comprises the following steps:

determining whether the exhaled breath has been introduced by the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor; after the introduced exhaled air is determined, a first air pump and the throttle valve are closed, and the air resistance switch is conducted to enable the steady flow air resistance; prompting a subject to adjust the expiratory speed according to the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor and the gas flow measured in real time by the first flow sensor, so that the gas pressure measured in real time by the pressure sensor is stabilized at 8-20 cmH ₂ 0, and the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stabilized at 10.8-13.2L/min.

20. The control method according to claim 17, characterized by further comprising: when the respiratory tract type is nasal respiratory tract, the exhaled breath sampling flow further comprises:

and opening the first air pump and the throttle valve, so that the air resistance switch is disconnected to disable the steady flow air resistance, and the throttle valve is regulated in real time according to the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time, so that the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stabilized at 540-660 mL/min.

21. The control method according to claim 18, characterized in that:

the information acquisition process further comprises the following steps: further determining the identity of the subject when the respiratory tract class is the large respiratory tract, the identity including adults and children;

the exhaled breath collection process further comprises: determining a predetermined duration based on the identity of the subject, closing the throttle valve when it is determined that the introduced exhaled breath reaches the predetermined duration; wherein the predetermined duration corresponding to the adult is greater than the predetermined duration corresponding to the child.

22. The control method of claim 17, wherein the multi-airway gas detection system further comprises:

a detection part connected to the second suction pump;

the control method further comprises a zero calibration process, wherein the zero calibration process comprises the following steps:

The three-way valve is controlled to be capable of independently guiding zero gas generated by the zero filter to the second air extracting pump;

and starting the second air pump to extract zero gas through the three-way valve for detection by the detection part, so as to obtain and store the background concentration of the gas to be detected.

23. The control method of claim 22, further comprising detecting an analysis flow, comprising:

controlling the three-way valve to be capable of independently guiding the sampling gas stored in the gas volume to the second air pump;

starting a second air pump to extract sampling gas through a three-way valve for detection by a detection part, so as to obtain and store the measured concentration of the gas to be detected in the sampling gas;

and determining the actual concentration of the gas to be detected in the sampling gas according to the stored background concentration and the measured concentration of the gas to be detected.