CN114652298B

CN114652298B - Gas detection system and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114652298B
Application number: CN202210578241.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张煜彦; 曹宇; 胡毓敏; 张生涛; 严丁根; 张宇恒
Original assignee: Nanjing Nuoling Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Nuoling Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-26
Filing date: 2022-05-26
Publication date: 2022-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-26
Also published as: CN114652298A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas detection system, which comprises: an inlet port; the air bag is detachably connected with the gas detection system; gas capacity; the inlet is connected with the first opening of the air container through the first air passage; the air inlet and outlet are connected with a second opening of the air capacitor through a second air passage; the first air outlet of the air capacitor is connected with the air pumping channel; the second air outlet of the air capacitor is connected with the exhaust passage; the three-way valve is respectively connected with the third air outlet of the air capacitor, the detection passage and the zero filter; and the controller is in communication connection with the three-way valve. The gas detection system can be compatible with an off-line detection mode and a tidal detection mode, so that the requirement on a subject is further reduced, the detection system is suitable for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas at one time and the subject who cannot breathe independently, and the application range of the detection system is further expanded.

Description

Gas detection system and control method thereof

Technical Field

The present invention relates to medical detection systems and methods, and more particularly to a gas detection system and a control method thereof.

Background

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving a variety of cells including eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, smooth muscle cells, airway epithelial cells and other groups of cells. At present, at least 3 hundred million asthma patients in the world, about 3000 million asthma patients in China, and with the development of modern socioeconomic and the improvement of the living standard of people, more and more allergens are brought by environmental problems, food problems, pet feeding and the like, so that the incidence rate of asthma is gradually increased. FeNO (Fractional exhaled nitric oxide), produced by airway cells, is at a concentration that is highly correlated with the number of inflammatory cells. Exhaled Nitric Oxide (NO) concentrations can generally be determined by both oral and nasal exhaled nitric oxide tests. The FeNO detection is widely applied to the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory diseases, has outstanding advantages in the aspects of sensitivity, specificity, safety, early detection and medication management of asthma, and is paid more and more attention in clinic. Some of the following known devices and methods related to FeNO are briefly described below.

CN112754532A discloses a collection device exhales for collect expired gas and convey to detection device and detect, exhale collection device including exhaling the collection way, with exhale the buffer chamber that collects the way intercommunication, power device, buffer chamber and outside air and detection device intercommunication, power device is used for the drive to exhale the air admission buffer chamber in the collection way and the air admission detection device in the buffer chamber, exhale the collection way and include first pipeline, the diameter is less than the second pipeline of first pipeline, the buffer chamber is connected with the lateral wall that is close to the one end of second pipeline on the first pipeline. The expired air of the CN112754532A expired air collecting device can be stored for a longer time, so that the expired air to be detected can be conveniently extracted; the front section gas of the exhaled breath, namely the gas in the mouth and nose can be completely eliminated, so that the collected gas is completely generated by the inner respiratory tract; the exhaled air to be tested can be temporarily stored, so that the exhaled air is stably output for a long time during testing, and the operation difficulty of a user can be reduced.

CN104391087B discloses a method and device for measuring exhaled nitric oxide by tidal exhalation, which can measure and monitor the inhalation and exhalation flow curves, automatically collect the exhaled gas for at least one complete tidal exhalation cycle, measure the average concentration of NO in the collected gas, and finally calculate the parameters of exhaled NO according to the NO exhalation physiological model.

CN103237493A discloses a device for collecting samples of exhaled gas during normal breathing, comprising a flow generator, a cavitally insertable exhalation receiver and a device for isolating the nasal airways, wherein the device further comprises: a sensor for detecting a change in a parameter indicative of the change. Inhale to exhale and transmit the change as a signal; a control unit adapted to receive the signal and control the device to isolate the nasal airway; wherein the flow generator is connected to or integrated with the exhalation receiver. A method of collecting a sample of exhaled breath under normal breathing conditions comprising the steps of: detecting a change in a parameter indicative of a change from inspiration to expiration and sending the change as a signal; receiving the signal in a control unit; activating a device for isolating the nasal airway; activating a flow generator connected to the expiratory receiver; and collecting exhaled air samples during exhalation when the nasal airways are isolated.

CN106289889B discloses a device for sampling and analyzing oral and nasal exhaled molecules simultaneously, which consists of an oral exhalation sampling module (100), a nasal exhalation sampling module (200) and an analysis module (300). On the basis of meeting the technical standard of ATS/ERS about the determination of NO in the breath of the mouth and the nose, the simultaneous sampling and analysis are carried out, the nitric oxide concentration result in the breath of the mouth and the breath of the nose can be obtained by one breath test, the interference of the change of the physiological and pathological states is eliminated, and more reliable data is provided for clinical judgment.

It can be seen that the known breath detection devices and methods described above suffer from the following problems:

1. usually only a single expiratory airway is sampled for detection, and the multiple respiratory tracts cannot be detected on line optionally. In particular, although CN106289889B mentions simultaneous detection of oral and nasal exhalations, the influence of oral exhalations on nasal exhalations sampling during simultaneous sampling is ignored, and a single expiratory channel acquisition cannot be selected autonomously; 2. the difference of detection air passages corresponding to different diseases and the difference of oral exhalation nitric oxide tests aiming at large and small air passages are not considered, for example, bronchitis can be measured through a large air passage, obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema can be measured through a small air passage, and rhinitis can be measured through a nasal exhalation passage; 3. detection of adults from children was not distinguished. During the process of detecting the exhaled breath of the subject, the subject is required to keep the pressure and the flow rate of the exhaled breath at proper values, which puts high requirements on the control of the exhaled breath by the subject, and the success rate of some subjects with weak control ability, such as children, is low; 4. conventional detection systems typically require that the subject be able to control breathing autonomously, and when the subject is a young child or a critically ill patient, the detection device is required to be able to perform tidal acquisition, which involves shallower breathing and shorter breathing time periods, thereby presenting difficulties and challenges in obtaining repeatable and reliable data with clinical guidance significance; 5. conventional detection systems usually require enough gas to be exhaled by a subject for detection, and for a subject who cannot exhale enough gas for detection, sampling cannot be successfully performed, and detection cannot be normally performed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present application provides a gas detection system and a control method thereof. The gas detection system can be compatible with an off-line detection mode and a tidal detection mode, so that the requirement on a subject is further reduced, the detection system is suitable for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas at one time and the subject who cannot breathe independently, and the application range of the detection system is further expanded.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a gas detection system comprising: an inlet port for introducing exhaled air from the handle portion or the nose breathing portion; an inlet and outlet port capable of being used to introduce exhaled air from an air bag that is removably coupled to the gas detection system; a gas container for storing the introduced exhaled gas as a sampling gas to be detected by the detection section; the introduction port is connected to the first opening of the gas container via a first gas passage; the air inlet and outlet are connected with a second opening of the air container through a second air passage, and the second opening can be used for air inlet or air outlet; the first air outlet of the air capacitor is connected with the air pumping passage; the second air outlet of the air capacitor is connected with the exhaust passage; the three-way valve is respectively connected with the third air outlet of the air capacitor, the detection passage and the zero filter; and the controller is in communication connection with the three-way valve. The gas detection system can be compatible with an off-line detection mode and a tidal detection mode, so that the requirement on a subject is further reduced, the detection system is suitable for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas at one time and the subject who cannot breathe independently, and the application range of the detection system is further expanded.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, a solenoid valve is disposed on the second gas passage, and the solenoid valve on the second gas passage is in communication with the controller. By the embodiment, the second gas passage is connected with the second opening of the gas container and the gas inlet and outlet of the gas detection system, and the electromagnetic valve which is in communication connection with the controller is arranged on the second gas passage, so that the gas in the gas bag can be controlled to flow into the gas container, the gas in the gas container can be controlled to flow into the gas bag, or the first sub-gas passage can be controlled to exhaust.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the gas volume comprises: one end of the first sub air passage is communicated with the first opening, and the other end of the first sub air passage is provided with the second opening; and one end of the second sub air passage is communicated with the first opening, the other end of the second sub air passage is provided with the first air outlet and the second air outlet, and the middle part of the second sub air passage is provided with a third air outlet. Through this embodiment, be favorable to detecting the passageway and obtain the middle section gas, also be favorable to the inflation process of the second sub-air flue of gas capacity under different detection mode.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, a pressure sensor, a flow stabilizer and a flow sensing unit are connected in series to the first gas passage; the flow stabilizing part comprises a first sub-passage and a second sub-passage which are connected in parallel, a throttle valve is arranged on the first sub-passage, and a flow stabilizing air resistance and an air resistance switch which are connected in series are arranged on the second sub-passage; the pressure sensor, the throttle valve on the first sub-passage, the flow stabilizing air resistance and air resistance switch on the second sub-passage and the flow sensing part are respectively in communication connection with the controller. Through the implementation mode, the flow stabilizing part adopts the design of connecting the throttling valve and the flow stabilizing air resistor in parallel, the air flow of the first air passage can be adjusted in a larger range, and different adjustment precisions can be considered, so that different regulation and control can be performed on different respiratory tract detections and different subjects, the success rate of air sampling is improved, and the detection accuracy is further improved; the pressure sensor and the flow sensing part of the first gas passage are matched for use, so that whether the gas volume is full or not can be judged.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the flow sensing section comprises a differential pressure gauge and an air resistance connected in parallel; the differential pressure gauge and the air resistance of the flow sensing part are respectively in communication connection with the controller. With this embodiment, the purpose of measuring the flow rate using the differential pressure gauge is to reduce the cost; the air lock may further regulate the flow of the first gas passageway.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, a suction pump and a throttle valve are connected in series to the suction path, and both the suction pump and the throttle valve of the suction path are in communication connection with the controller. By this embodiment it is advantageous to power the exhaled breath to fill the second sub-airway.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the suction pump on the suction passage is a diaphragm pump. Through this embodiment, the diaphragm pump range is bigger, can satisfy the flow requirement of drawing the expiratory air.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the detection passage is connected in series with a suction pump, a water removal device, a flow sensor, and a detection portion; and the air suction pump, the flow sensor and the detection part on the detection passage are in communication connection with the controller. This embodiment is advantageous in improving the detection accuracy of the detection unit.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the water removal device comprises a combination of one or more of a Nafion tube, a hollow fibre membrane and a PTEF membrane. By this embodiment, it is advantageous to ensure that the humidity of the gas entering the detection portion is suitable for detection by the detection portion.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the suction pump on the detection path is a piezoelectric pump. According to this embodiment, since the flow rate output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, it is advantageous to improve the detection accuracy of the detection unit.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, a solenoid valve is provided on the exhaust passage; and the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is in communication connection with the controller. By this embodiment, efficient venting of dead space gas within the gas-capacitive second sub-airway is facilitated.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the zero point filter comprises a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate supported molecular sieve, activated carbon, and alumina. This embodiment can ensure generation of zero point gas.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the gas detection system further comprises a moisture portion for collecting moisture exhaled gas through the gas bag, the moisture portion being removably connected to the gas bag, the moisture portion comprising a blower passage, a gas bag passage, and a filter passage that meet at a point; the blowing tool passage is used for connecting a blowing tool, and the blowing tool is used for introducing moisture and exhaled air; the air bag passage is used for connecting the air bag, and a one-way valve is arranged on the air bag passage; the filter passage is used for connecting a filter, and a one-way valve is arranged on the filter passage. By this embodiment, collection of moisture exhaled air by the air pocket is facilitated.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the filter of the moisture part includes one or more of a combination of a molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a molecular sieve loaded with a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate, activated carbon, and alumina. Through this embodiment, be favorable to getting rid of the gas of awaiting measuring in breathing in to improve the accuracy of testing result.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the handle portion comprises: a breathing port for providing a mouthpiece for mouth insufflation and mouth inspiration; a handle outlet adapted to be connected to the introduction port; the first handle filter is arranged between the breathing port and the handle outlet and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the exhaled air; and one end of the second handle filter is communicated with the atmosphere through a one-way valve, and the other end of the second handle filter is communicated with the breathing port through the first handle filter and is used for filtering the gas to be measured in the inhaled gas. Through this embodiment, handle portion can realize leading into the mouth expired gas of experimenter to the host computer, and through carrying out exhaling in advance and inhaling the action through handle portion before formal expiration sampling, can also solve the problem of the interference of remaining gas to be measured in the experimenter mouth nose and the gas to be measured in the environment well to ensure the accuracy of test result.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the first handle filter comprises a combination of one or more of silicone, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, resin foam, silica, and charcoal; the second handle filter comprises one or more of a molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, a molecular sieve loaded with strong oxidants such as potassium permanganate and the like, activated carbon and alumina. Through this embodiment, above-mentioned setting of first handle filter is favorable to filtering steam and/or bacterium in the expired gas, and above-mentioned setting of second handle filter is favorable to filtering the gaseous awaited measuring in the inspired gas to improve the degree of accuracy of testing result.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the nasal exhalation module is configured to introduce nasal exhalation to the introduction port, and the nasal exhalation module includes: a nasal exhalation port for providing an interface for nasal exhalation; a nasal exhalation vent adapted to be coupled to the introduction port; and the nasal exhalation filter is arranged between the nasal exhalation port and the nasal exhalation guide port and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in nasal exhalation. With this embodiment, the nasal exhale portion facilitates the collection and detection of nasal exhaled breath.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the nasal exhalation filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica, and charcoal. By this embodiment, the nasal exhalation filter is facilitated to filter moisture and/or bacteria from the nasal exhalation.

In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a control method of the gas detection system according to the first aspect and any one of the embodiments thereof, the control method including the steps of: an information acquisition step, which comprises determining a detection mode; the detection mode comprises a large expiratory channel detection mode, a small expiratory channel detection mode, a nasal expiratory channel detection mode, a tidal detection mode and an off-line detection mode; the step of collecting exhaled air by air volume comprises the following steps: when the detection mode is the large expiratory duct detection mode and the small expiratory duct detection mode, the exhaled air from the handle part is introduced into the air volume through the introduction port and the first air passage; the air bag is separated from the gas detection system, and the air inlet and the air outlet are used for exhausting; when the detection mode is the nasal exhalation tract detection mode, the nasal exhalation from the nasal exhalation part is guided into the air volume through the guide inlet and the first gas passage; the air bag is separated from the gas detection system, and the air inlet and the air outlet are used for exhausting; when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode and the off-line detection mode, the exhaled air in the air bag is guided into the air volume through the air inlet and outlet and the second air passage; the air bag is connected with the gas detection system, and the air inlet and outlet are used for air inlet. By using the control method, the gas detection system can be compatible with an off-line detection mode and a tidal detection mode, so that the requirement on a subject is further reduced, the detection system is suitable for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas at one time and the subject who cannot breathe by oneself, and the application range of the detection system is further expanded.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode or the offline detection mode, the gas capacity collecting exhaled breath step includes: the exhaled air in the air bag enters the first sub-air passage of the air volume through the second opening via the solenoid valve of the second air passage, and the exhaled air entering the first sub-air passage enters the second sub-air passage of the air volume via the first opening; meanwhile, the air suction pump on the air suction passage is started and a throttle valve on the air suction passage is utilized to ensure that the flow rate of the extracted gas is stable; closing a throttle valve on a first sub-passage of a first gas passage, a gas block switch on a second sub-passage of the first gas passage, and a solenoid valve on the exhaust passage. With this embodiment, the gas in the gas pocket can be made to enter the second sub-gas passage of the gas volume through the first sub-gas passage of the gas volume.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode, an air bag collecting exhaled air step is provided between the information collecting step and the air volume collecting exhaled air step, and the air bag collecting exhaled air step includes: connecting the air bag with an air bag passage of a moisture part to collect moisture exhaled air; and after the moisture expired air is collected, separating the air bag from the moisture part, and connecting the air bag to the air inlet and outlet of the gas detection system so as to perform the air volume collection expired air step. By this embodiment, it is facilitated that the moisture part collects the exhaled air through the air bag.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, when the detection mode is the offline detection mode, an air bag collecting exhaled air step is provided between the information collecting step and the air volume collecting exhaled air step, and the air bag collecting exhaled air step includes: connecting an air bag with the air inlet and outlet; the pressure sensor of the first gas passage measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether the expired gas is introduced or not; after the exhaled air is determined to be led in, closing an air suction pump on the air suction passage, opening a throttle valve of a first sub-passage of the first air passage, and disconnecting an air resistance switch of a second sub-passage of the first air passage to disable a steady flow air resistance connected in series with the air resistance switch; closing the electromagnetic valve on the second gas passage, and opening the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage to exhaust the dead space gas in the gas container by using the expired gas; after the dead space gas is exhausted, the electromagnetic valve on the second gas passage is opened, the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is closed, the expired gas is filled into the gas bag, and the second opening is a gas outlet. Through the embodiment, the air bag collecting and exhaling air in the off-line detection mode is facilitated.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, when the detection mode is the large expiratory path detection mode, the gas volume collecting exhaled breath step comprises: the pressure sensor of the first gas passage measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether the exhaled gas is introduced; after the exhaled air is determined to be led in, an air suction pump on the air suction passage is closed, a throttle valve of a first sub-passage of the first air passage is opened, an air resistance switch of a second sub-passage of the first air passage is turned off to disable a steady flow air resistance connected in series with the air resistance switch, an electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is opened, the exhaled air is filled into the air container, and the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is closed after the air container is filled with the exhaled air. Through the implementation mode, the realization of gas volume collection of exhaled gas is facilitated in the large exhaled gas channel detection mode.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, when the detection mode is the small airway detection mode, the air volume collecting exhaled air step comprises: the pressure sensor of the first gas passage measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether the exhaled gas is introduced; after the exhaled air is determined to be led in, the air suction pump on the air suction passage is closed, the throttle valve of the first sub-passage of the first air passage is closed, the air resistance switch of the second sub-passage of the first air passage is opened to start the steady flow air resistance connected with the air resistance switch in series, the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is opened, the exhaled air is filled into the air volume, and the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is closed after the air volume is filled with the exhaled air. Through this embodiment, be favorable to under little expiratory way detection mode, realize that the air capacity collects the expiratory air.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, when the detection mode is the nasal airway detection mode, the air volume collecting exhaled air step comprises: the pressure sensor of the first gas passage measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether the expired gas is introduced or not; after the exhaled air is determined to be led in, an air suction pump on the air suction passage is opened, a throttle valve on the air suction passage is utilized to ensure that the flow rate of the extracted air is stable, the throttle valve on a first sub-passage of the first air passage is opened, an air resistance switch on a second sub-passage of the first air passage is turned off to disable a steady flow air resistance connected with the air resistance switch in series, and an electromagnetic valve on an exhaust passage and an electromagnetic valve on the second air passage are closed, so that the exhaled air is filled into the air capacitor. Through this embodiment, be favorable to under nose expiration way detection mode, realize that the air capacity collects the expiratory air.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, the information collecting step further comprises: when the detection mode is a large expiratory airway detection mode, further determining subject identities, the identities including adults and children; the step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume further comprises: determining a predetermined duration based on the identity of the subject, closing the throttle valve of the first sub-passageway of the first gas passageway when it is determined that exhaled breath has been introduced for the predetermined duration, wherein the predetermined duration corresponding to an adult is greater than the predetermined duration corresponding to a child. Through the implementation mode, the accuracy of the detection result and the success rate of sampling are improved.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, the control method further comprises a zero point calibration step performed before the information acquisition step, the zero point calibration step comprising: controlling a three-way valve to enable zero-point gas generated by the zero-point filter to be independently guided to a suction pump on the detection passage; and starting the air suction pump on the detection passage to suck the zero gas filtered by the zero filter through the three-way valve for detection of the detection part, and obtaining and storing the background concentration of the gas. By the embodiment, the accurate concentration of the background gas is acquired.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, the control method further comprises a detection analysis step comprising: controlling a three-way valve to enable the sampling gas stored in the gas container to be independently guided to a suction pump on the detection passage; starting a suction pump on the detection passage to pump the sampled gas through a three-way valve for detection by a detection part, and obtaining and storing the measured concentration of the gas to be detected in the sampled gas; and determining the actual concentration of the gas to be measured in the sampled gas according to the stored background concentration and the measured concentration. Through this embodiment, be favorable to reducing background concentration and the influence of the drift of zero point of detection portion sensor to measuring result, promote the degree of accuracy of testing result.

Compared with the prior art, the gas detection system and the control method thereof have the following beneficial effects.

1. The gas detection system can be compatible with an off-line detection mode and a tidal detection mode, so that the requirement on a subject is further reduced, the detection system is suitable for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas at one time and the subject who cannot breathe independently, and the application range of the detection system is further expanded.

2. The design of the double air passages at the air volume can better process gas at the head and the tail, and reserve middle section gas required by detection.

3. The collection of exhaling gas in the exhaling passages can be realized, and the duration of the exhaled gas collection process can be adjusted according to the identity of a subject, namely children or adults, so that the accuracy of detection results and the success rate of sampling can be improved.

The features mentioned above can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the invention is achieved.

Drawings

The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein like elements are numbered alike, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas flow path of a gas detection system in a large expiratory path detection mode in an expiratory gas collection state according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the gas flow path of the gas detection system in the small expiratory channel detection mode in the exhaled gas collection state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the flow path of the exhaled breath from the gas detection system in the nasal airway detection mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the gas flow path of the gas detection system in the exhaled breath collection state in the moisture detection mode according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow path of the gas detection system in an off-line detection mode with the exhaled breath collected by the bladder, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow path of a gas detection system in an off-line detection mode in which the gas container collects the exhaled gas;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a gas volume of a gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a moisture portion of a gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

List of reference numerals:

100-a host; 101-an introduction port; 102-inlet and outlet ports; 103-gas capacity; 104-three-way valve; 105-a first gas passage; 106-a second gas passage; 107-exhaust passage; 108-a pumping channel; 109-detection pathway; 110-a zero point filter; 111-solenoid valve; 112-a first sub-airway; 113-a second sub-airway; 114-a first opening; 115-a second opening; 116-a first air outlet; 117 — second outlet port; 118-a third outlet; 119-a pressure sensor; 120-a throttle valve; 121-steady flow air resistance; 122-air-lock switch; 123-differential pressure gauge; 124-air resistance; 125-suction pump; 126-water removal means; 127-a flow sensor; 128-a detection section; 200-moisture part; 201-a blower path; 202-air bag passage; 203-a filter passage; 204-a blowing tool; 205-a filter; 300-a handle portion; 301-a breathing port; 302-handle lead-out; 303-a first handle filter; 304-a second handle filter; 400-nasal exhale; 401-nasal exhale; 402-nasal breathing outlet; 403-nasal exhalation filter; 500-air bag.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The bold lines in fig. 1 to 6 represent gas flow paths.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, the present embodiment provides a gas detection system including: an inlet 101 for introducing exhaled air from the handle portion 300 or the nose-breathing portion 400; an inlet/outlet port 102 capable of being used to introduce exhaled air from the airbag 500, the airbag 500 being removably coupled to a gas detection system; a gas container 103 for storing the introduced exhaled gas as a sample gas to be detected by the detection section 128; the introduction port 101 is connected to the first opening 114 of the gas container 103 via the first gas passage 105; the air inlet and outlet port 102 is connected with a second opening 115 of the air container 103 via a second air passage 106, and the second opening 115 can be used for air inlet or outlet; the first air outlet 116 of the air container 103 is connected with the air pumping passage 108; the second outlet 117 of the gas container 103 is connected to the exhaust passage 107; a three-way valve 104 connected to the third outlet 118 of the gas container 103, the detection passage 109, and the zero-point filter 110, respectively; and a controller in communication with the three-way valve 104.

The detection modes of the gas detection system comprise a large expiratory channel detection mode, a small expiratory channel detection mode, a nasal expiratory channel detection mode, a tidal detection mode and an off-line detection mode. When the detection mode is a large expiratory path detection mode, a small expiratory path detection mode, and a nasal expiratory path detection mode, the intake/exhaust port 102 is used for exhaust and the air bag 500 is separated from the intake/exhaust port 102. When the detection mode is the moisture detection mode and the off-line detection mode, the exhaled air is collected in the air volume 103, the air bag 500 is connected to the gas detection system, the air inlet and outlet 102 is used for air inlet, and the exhaled air in the air bag 500 enters the air volume 103 through the air inlet and outlet 102 and the second gas passage 106. Meanwhile, when the detection mode is the offline detection mode, in the step of collecting the exhaled air by the airbag 500, the air intake/exhaust port 102 is also used for exhausting air so that the airbag 500 collects the offline exhaled air.

The use of the air bag 500 enables the gas detection system of the present embodiment to be compatible with a moisture detection mode and an offline detection mode. The moisture detection mode and the off-line detection mode both collect the exhaled air using the air bag 500 and then introduce the air in the air bag 500 into the air volume 103.

Conventional gas detection systems typically require the subject to be able to control breathing autonomously, and when the subject is a young child or an ill patient, the detection device is required to be able to perform tidal acquisition, which involves shallower breaths and shorter breath time periods, thereby presenting difficulties and challenges in obtaining repeatable and reliable data that is clinically meaningful. Meanwhile, the conventional detection system usually needs the subject to exhale enough gas for one time to perform detection, and for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas for one time to perform detection, sampling cannot be successfully performed, and detection cannot be performed normally.

The detection system of the present embodiment can collect moisture exhaled air to the air bag 500 by providing the moisture part 200, and can detect moisture exhaled air because the detection system of the present embodiment is compatible with the air bag 500. Meanwhile, since the air bag 500 is used to collect the exhaled air of the subject, the air bag 500 can be inflated by exhaling for many times for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas for detection at one time, so as to realize the off-line detection mode.

When the detection mode of the gas detection system is the large expiratory channel detection mode and the small expiratory channel detection mode, the introducing port 101 introduces the exhaled gas from the handle portion 300, the exhaled gas enters the gas container 103 through the first gas passage 105, the air extraction passage 108 is closed, the second gas passage 106 and the exhaust passage 107 are opened first, the exhaled gas enters the gas container 103 and simultaneously exhausts the dead space gas in the gas container 103, and after the exhaled gas fills the gas container 103, the second gas passage 106 and the exhaust passage 107 are closed.

When the detection mode of the gas detection system is a nasal exhalation tract detection mode, the inlet 101 introduces exhaled gas from the nasal exhalation part 400, the exhaled gas enters the gas container 103 through the first gas passage 105, the air extraction passage 108 is opened to draw the nasal exhalation into the gas container 103, the second gas passage 106 and the exhaust passage 107 are opened first, so that the exhaled gas enters the gas container 103 and simultaneously exhausts dead space gas in the gas container 103, and after the exhaled gas fills the gas container 103, the second gas passage 106 and the exhaust passage 107 are closed.

When the detection mode of the gas detection system is the moisture detection mode, the air bag 500 is first mounted on the moisture part 200, and the moisture part 200 collects the moisture exhaled air by using the air bag 500. After the collection is completed, the airbag 500 is separated from the moisture part 200, and then the airbag 500 is mounted to the intake/exhaust port 102 of the gas detection system. Then, the second gas passage 106 is opened, the pumping passage 108 is opened to pump the gas in the gas bag 500 into the gas container 103, and the first gas passage 105 and the exhaust passage 107 are closed to force the gas in the gas bag 500 into and fill the gas container 103.

When the detection mode of the gas detection system is the off-line detection mode, the airbag 500 is first installed on the inlet/outlet 102 of the gas detection system. Closing the suction passage 108, opening the first gas passage 105, and collecting the mouth breath from the handle portion 300; in order to discharge the dead space gas in the gas container 103, the second gas passage 106 is closed, and the exhaust passage 107 is opened; when the dead space gas is exhausted, the second gas passage 106 is opened and the exhaust passage 107 is closed to introduce the exhaled air into the air bag 500. After the air bag 500 is filled, the second gas passage 106 is opened, the pumping passage 108 is opened to pump the gas in the air bag 500 into the gas container 103, and the first gas passage 105 and the exhaust passage 107 are closed to force the gas in the air bag 500 to enter and fill the gas container 103.

The detection passage 109 introduces the gas in the gas container 103 into the detection portion 128 through the three-way valve 104 for detection.

The detection unit 128 detects the gas passing through the zero point filter 110, and can acquire the background gas concentration, thereby avoiding the influence on the detection result.

The gas detection system can be compatible with an off-line detection mode and a tidal detection mode, so that the requirement on a subject is further reduced, the detection system is suitable for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas at one time and the subject who cannot breathe independently, and the application range of the detection system is further expanded.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, the second gas passage 106 is provided with a solenoid valve 111, and the solenoid valve 111 of the second gas passage 106 is connected to a controller in communication so that the gas in the gas bag 500 flows into the gas container 103 or the gas in the gas container 103 flows into the gas bag 500.

When the detection mode is a large expiratory path detection mode, a small expiratory path detection mode or a nasal expiratory path detection mode, the electromagnetic valve 111 of the second gas passage 106 is opened to exhaust the first sub-air path 112 of the gas container 103, and the gas container is kept in an opened state in the inflation stage of the second sub-air path 113 of the gas container 103.

When the detection mode is the moisture detection mode, the gas in the airbag 500 flows into the gas chamber 103 by opening the solenoid valve 111 of the second gas passage 106.

When the detection mode is the off-line detection mode, in the step of collecting the exhaled air by the airbag 500, the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 is closed, and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 is opened to exhaust the dead space gas in the gas container 103 by using the exhaled air; after the dead space gas is exhausted, the solenoid valve 111 of the second gas passage 106 is opened, and the solenoid valve 111 of the exhaust passage 107 is closed, so that the exhaled air is filled in the air bag 500. In the step of collecting the exhaled breath in the gas container 103 in the offline detection mode, the gas in the airbag 500 is made to flow into the gas container 103 by opening the solenoid valve 111 of the second gas passage 106.

In this embodiment, the second opening 115 of the gas container 103 and the gas inlet/outlet port 102 of the gas detection system are connected to the second gas passage 106, and the solenoid valve 111 for communication with the controller is provided in the second gas passage, whereby the gas in the gas bag 500 can be made to flow into the gas container 103, the gas in the gas container 103 can be made to flow into the gas bag 500, or the first sub-gas passage 112 can be made to exhaust.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the gas container 103 includes: a first sub air passage 112 having one end communicating with the first opening 114 and the other end provided with a second opening 115; and a second sub air passage 113 having one end communicating with the first opening 114, the other end provided with a first air outlet 116 and a second air outlet 117, and the middle provided with a third air outlet 118.

The second sub air passage 113 is folded and formed by folding a plurality of linear air passages, so that the length of the second sub air passage 113 can be prolonged, and the space can be effectively saved; the first sub air passage 112 is linear.

The air pumping channel 108 is connected to the first air outlet 116, and is used for providing power for the second sub-air channel 113 to be filled with air, and mainly used for the air container 103 in the nasal expiratory channel detection mode, the tidal detection mode and the off-line detection mode to collect the exhaled air.

The exhaust passage 107 is connected at the second gas outlet 117, and the exhaust passage 107 is used for exhausting the dead space gas of the second sub gas passage 113 of the gas container 103.

The three-way valve 104 is connected to the third gas outlet 118, and the gas container 103 can supply the gas to be measured to the detection portion 128 of the detection passage 109 by the three-way valve 104. The third air outlet 118 is located in the middle of the second sub-air passage 113, which is beneficial for the detection passage 109 to obtain middle-stage air.

The exhaled air is a parabola which increases and then decreases along with time, and the exhaled concentration detection of NO in the middle range of the parabola is the most accurate. Therefore, the middle segment of the exhaled breath is acquired for detection.

A three-way structure is arranged at the first opening 114, and one way of the three-way structure is communicated with the first gas passage 105, the other way of the three-way structure is communicated with the first sub-air passage 112, and the other way of the three-way structure is communicated with the second sub-air passage 113.

When the second opening 115 is used for air outlet, the first sub air passage 112 and the second sub air passage 113 are connected in parallel at the first opening 114, and the electromagnetic valve 111 of the second air passage 106 can control the air outlet amount of the first sub air passage 112, so as to adjust the air inlet amount of the second sub air passage 113.

When the second opening 115 is used for air intake, the first sub air passage 112 is an air intake passage of the second sub air passage 113, and the first sub air passage 112 and the second sub air passage 113 are connected in series.

By the embodiment, the detection passage 109 is beneficial to acquiring middle-section gas, and the inflation process of the second sub-air passage 113 of the air capacitor 103 in different detection modes is also beneficial.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, a pressure sensor 119, a flow stabilizer, and a flow rate sensor are connected in series to the first gas passage 105; the current stabilizing part comprises a first sub-passage and a second sub-passage which are connected in parallel, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve 120, and the second sub-passage is provided with a current stabilizing air resistor 121 and an air resistor switch 122 which are connected in series; the pressure sensor 119, the throttle valve 120 on the first sub-passage, the steady flow air resistor 121 and the air resistor switch 122 on the second sub-passage and the flow sensing part are respectively in communication connection with the controller.

The flow stabilizer is used to stabilize the gas flow rate of the first gas passage 105 within an appropriate range. The throttle valve 120 and the steady flow air resistor 121 can have different adjusting ranges and adjusting precision, the design that the throttle valve 120 and the steady flow air resistor 121 are connected in parallel is used, the gas flow of the first gas passage 105 can be adjusted within a large range, different adjusting precision can be considered, different regulation and control can be carried out on different respiratory tracts and different subjects, the gas sampling success rate is improved, and the detection accuracy is further improved.

Alternatively, the air lock switch 122 may be a solenoid valve 111 to ensure the speed of the switch switching.

In the step of collecting the exhaled air by the air volume 103 in the large expiratory channel detection mode and the nasal expiratory channel detection mode and the step of collecting the exhaled air by the air bag 500 in the off-line detection mode, the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-channel is opened, and the air resistance switch 122 of the second sub-channel is turned off to disable the steady flow air resistance 121. At this time, the throttle valve 120 is used because the expiratory flow rate is low and the flow rate is small.

In the step of collecting exhaled air with air volume 103 in the small expiratory channel detection mode, the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-path is closed and the air lock switch 122 of the second sub-path is opened to enable the steady flow air lock 121. At this time, the flow stabilizing air resistor 121 is used because the expiratory flow rate is high and the flow rate is large.

The air volume 103 in the moisture detection mode and the off-line detection mode collects exhaled air, the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-path is closed, and the air blocking switch 122 of the second sub-path is opened, thereby disabling the first gas path 105.

The pressure sensor 119 of the first gas passageway 105 is used to measure the gas pressure of the first gas passageway 105 in real time to determine whether exhaled breath flows through the first gas passageway 105, and thus whether to insufflate and stop insufflating gas, and the duration of time the subject is exhaling gas.

The flow sensing unit measures the gas flow rate of the first gas passage 105. The flow sensing portion on the first gas passage 105 is used in cooperation with the pressure sensor 119, and can acquire the gas flow and the ventilation time of the first gas passage 105, thereby acquiring the total amount of the exhaled gas flowing through the first gas passage 105, and calculating whether the gas container 103 is full or not by combining the volume of the gas container 103.

Through the embodiment, the flow stabilizing part adopts the design that the throttle valve 120 and the flow stabilizing air resistor 121 are connected in parallel, so that the gas flow of the first gas passage 105 can be adjusted in a larger range, and different adjustment precisions can be considered, so that different regulation and control can be performed on different respiratory tract detections and different subjects, the gas sampling success rate is improved, and the detection accuracy is further improved; the pressure sensor 119 and the flow sensing portion of the first gas passage 105 are used in cooperation, so that closed-loop feedback of the flow rate of exhaled gas in the first gas passage 105 is realized, and meanwhile, whether the gas container 103 is full or not can be judged.

Alternatively, the flow stabilizer may include only one throttle valve 120, and the air resistance on the first gas passage 105 is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the throttle valve 120.

Alternatively, in the small expiratory channel mode, the throttle valve 120 and the air resistance switch 122 of the flow stabilizer may be opened to simultaneously use the throttle valve 120 and the flow stabilizing air resistance 121 to cooperate to adjust the air resistance of the first gas passage 105.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-6 and 9, the flow sensing portion includes a differential pressure gauge 123 and an air resistance 124 connected in parallel; the differential pressure gauge 123 and the air resistor 124 of the flow sensing part are respectively connected with the controller in a communication way.

With this embodiment, the purpose of measuring the flow rate with the differential pressure gauge 123 is to reduce costs; the air lock 124 may further regulate the flow of the first gas passageway 105.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, the suction passage 108 is connected in series with a suction pump 125 and a throttle valve 120, and both the suction pump 125 and the throttle valve 120 of the suction passage 108 are in communication with the controller. The air pumping channel 108 is used for providing power for the second sub-air channel 113 to fill with air, and is mainly used for the air volume 103 collection exhaled air step in the nasal exhalation channel detection mode, the tidal detection mode and the off-line detection mode. At this time, the pressure of the exhaled air is low, and an additional power source is needed. By this embodiment it is advantageous to power the exhaled breath to fill the second sub-airway 113.

In one embodiment, the suction pump 125 on the suction pathway 108 is a diaphragm pump.

Although the flow output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, the flow output of the piezoelectric pump is small in measuring range and large in pressure loss, and the flow requirement of extracting the exhaled breath cannot be met. The diaphragm pump has larger range and can meet the flow requirement of extracting the exhaled air.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, a suction pump 125, a water removal device 126, a flow sensor 127 and a detection unit 128 are connected in series to the detection passage 109; the suction pump 125, the flow sensor 127 and the detection portion 128 on the detection passage 109 are all connected to the controller in communication.

And a three-way valve 104 connected to the third gas outlet 118 of the gas container 103, the detection passage 109, and the zero-point filter 110, respectively, so that the sampling gas or the zero-point gas can be controlled to be introduced into the detection passage 109 by the three-way valve 104. The three-way valve 104 can be used to make and break different gas paths.

The air pump 125 in the detection passage 109 is used to pump the sample gas in the gas container 103 or the zero point gas filtered by the zero point filter 110 for detection by the detection unit 128.

The water removal device 126 is used to ensure that the humidity of the gas entering the detection portion 128 is suitable for detection by the detection portion 128.

The flow sensor 127 on the detection passage 109 is used for measuring the gas flow in the detection passage 109 in real time, and the accuracy thereof is required to be high to facilitate the accuracy of the detection result.

The detection unit 128 detects the concentration of the gas to be measured in the gas entering the detection passage 109. Alternatively, the detection portion 128 includes a NO sensor.

This embodiment is advantageous in improving the detection accuracy of the detection unit 128.

In one embodiment, the water removal device 126 comprises a combination of one or more of a Nafion tube, a hollow fiber membrane, and a PTEF membrane.

With this embodiment, it is advantageous to ensure that the humidity of the gas entering the detection portion 128 is suitable for detection by the detection portion 128.

In one embodiment, the suction pump 125 on the detection channel 109 is a piezoelectric pump.

With this embodiment, since the flow rate output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, it is advantageous to improve the detection accuracy of the detection portion 128.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, an electromagnetic valve 111 is provided in the exhaust passage 107; the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 is in communication with the controller. With this embodiment, it is advantageous to efficiently discharge the dead space gas in the second sub-gas passage 113 of the gas container 103.

In one embodiment, the zero filter 110 comprises a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate supported molecular sieve, activated carbon, and alumina. With this embodiment, the generation of the zero point gas can be ensured.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the gas detection system further comprises a moisture part 200 for collecting moisture exhaled gas through the gas bag 500, the moisture part 200 being detachably connected to the gas bag 500, the moisture part 200 comprising a blower path 201, a gas bag path 202, and a filter path 203 meeting at one point; the blower passage 201 is used for connecting a blower 204, and the blower 204 is used for introducing the humidity exhaled air; the air bag passage 202 is used for connecting the air bag 500, and is provided with a one-way valve; the filter passage 203 is used to connect a filter 205, on which a check valve is provided. The blower 204 is a mouthpiece or mask that provides an expiratory interface to the subject for the collection of moisture. The filter 205 is used to remove the gas to be detected in the intake air, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection result. By this embodiment, collection of moisture exhaled breath by the air bag 500 is facilitated.

In one embodiment, filter 205 of moisture portion 200 includes a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a molecular sieve loaded with a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate.

Through the implementation mode, the gas to be detected in the air suction is favorably removed, so that the accuracy of the detection result is improved.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the gas detection system further includes a handle portion 300, the handle portion 300 including: a breathing port 301 for providing a mouthpiece for mouth insufflation and mouth inspiration; a handle outlet 302 adapted to be connected to the introduction port 101; the first handle filter 303 is arranged between the breathing port 301 and the handle outlet 302 and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the exhaled air; and a second handle filter 304, one end of which is communicated with the atmosphere via a one-way valve, and the other end of which is communicated with the breathing port 301 via a first handle filter 303, for filtering the gas to be measured in the inhaled gas.

Through this embodiment, the handle portion 300 can introduce the mouth exhalation gas of the subject into the main unit 100, and the interference problem of the residual gas to be tested in the mouth and nose of the subject and the gas to be tested in the environment can be solved well by performing the pre-exhalation and inhalation actions through the handle portion 300 before the formal exhalation sampling, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test result.

In one embodiment, the first handle filter 303 comprises a combination of one or more of silicone, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica, and charcoal; the second handle filter 304 comprises one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a combination of molecular sieve, activated carbon, and alumina loaded with a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate.

With this embodiment, the above-mentioned arrangement of the first handle filter 303 is beneficial for filtering moisture and/or bacteria in the exhaled air, and the above-mentioned arrangement of the second handle filter 304 is beneficial for filtering the gas to be detected in the inhaled air, so as to improve the accuracy of the detection result.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the gas detection system further comprises a nasal exhalation part 400 for introducing nasal exhalation to the introduction port 101, the nasal exhalation part 400 comprising: a nasal exhalation vent 401 for providing an interface for nasal exhalation; a nasal exhalation outlet 402 adapted to be coupled to the introduction port 101; and a nasal exhalation filter 403, which is disposed between the nasal exhalation port 401 and the nasal exhalation guide port 402, and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the nasal exhalation.

With this embodiment, nasal exhalation system 400 facilitates the collection and detection of nasal exhaled breath.

In one embodiment, nasal breath filter 403 includes a combination of one or more of silicone, PP wool, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica, and charcoal.

With this embodiment, nasal exhalation filter 403 is facilitated to filter moisture and/or bacteria from the nasal exhaled breath.

The present embodiment also provides a control method of the gas detection system, including the following steps: an information acquisition step, which comprises determining a detection mode; the detection mode comprises a large expiratory channel detection mode, a small expiratory channel detection mode, a nasal expiratory channel detection mode, a tidal detection mode and an off-line detection mode; the step of collecting the exhaled breath by the air capacitor 103 comprises the following steps: when the detection mode is a large expiratory channel detection mode and a small expiratory channel detection mode, the exhaled air from the handle portion 300 is introduced into the air container 103 through the introduction port 101 and the first gas passage 105; the airbag 500 is separated from the gas detection system, and the air inlet and outlet 102 is used for exhausting; when the detection mode is a nasal airway detection mode, nasal exhalation from the nasal exhalation part 400 is introduced into the air container 103 through the introduction port 101 and the first gas passage 105; the air bag 500 is separated from the gas detection system, and the air inlet and outlet 102 is used for exhausting; when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode and the off-line detection mode, the exhaled air in the air bag 500 is introduced into the air volume 103 through the air inlet/outlet port 102 and the second air passage 106; the airbag 500 is connected to a gas detection system and the intake/exhaust port 102 is used for intake of gas.

By using the control method, the gas detection system can be compatible with an off-line detection mode and a tidal detection mode, so that the requirement on a subject is further reduced, the detection system is suitable for the subject who cannot exhale enough gas at one time and the subject who cannot breathe by oneself, and the application range of the detection system is further expanded.

In one embodiment, when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode or the offline detection mode, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, the air volume 103 collecting exhaled air includes: the exhaled air in the air bag 500 enters the first sub air passage 112 of the air volume 103 through the second opening 115 via the solenoid valve 111 of the second air passage 106, and the exhaled air entering the first sub air passage 112 enters the second sub air passage 113 of the air volume 103 via the first opening 114; meanwhile, the air pump 125 on the air pumping passage 108 is opened and the throttle valve 120 on the air pumping passage 108 is utilized to ensure the flow rate of the pumped gas to be stable; closing the throttle valve 120 on the first sub-passage of the first gas passage 105, the air lock switch 122 on the second sub-passage of the first gas passage 105, and the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107. With this embodiment, the gas in the gas pocket 500 can be introduced into the second sub-gas passage 113 of the gas container 103 through the first sub-gas passage 112 of the gas container 103.

In one embodiment, when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode, an air bag 500 exhaled air collecting step is provided between the information collecting step and the air volume 103 exhaled air collecting step, and the air bag 500 exhaled air collecting step includes: connecting the air bag 500 with the air bag passage 202 of the moisture part 200 to collect moisture exhaled air; after the moisture expired air collection is completed, the air bag 500 is separated from the moisture part 200, and the air bag 500 is connected to the air inlet/outlet port 102 of the gas detection system to perform the air volume 103 collection expired air step.

With this embodiment, it is facilitated that the moisture part 200 collects the exhaled breath through the air bag 500.

In one embodiment, when the detection mode is the off-line detection mode, an air bag 500 step of collecting exhaled air is provided between the information collecting step and the air container 103 step of collecting exhaled air, as shown in fig. 5, the air bag 500 step of collecting exhaled air includes: connecting the air bag 500 to the intake/exhaust port 102; the pressure sensor 119 of the first gas passage 105 measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether or not an exhaled breath has been introduced; after determining that the exhaled breath has been introduced, the air pump 125 on the air pumping path 108 is closed, the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-path of the first gas path 105 is opened, and the air lock switch 122 of the second sub-path of the first gas path 105 is opened to disable the current stabilizing air lock 121 connected in series therewith; closing the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 and opening the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 to exhaust the dead space gas in the gas container 103 by using the exhaled air; after the dead space gas is exhausted, the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 is opened, and the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 is closed, so that the exhaled gas is filled into the airbag 500, and the second opening 115 is a gas outlet.

With this embodiment, it is advantageous to realize that the air bag 500 collects the exhaled air in the offline detection mode.

In one embodiment, when the detection mode is a large expiratory path detection mode, as shown in fig. 1, the step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume 103 includes: the pressure sensor 119 of the first gas pathway 105 measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether exhaled breath has been introduced; after it is determined that the exhaled breath has been introduced, the air pump 125 on the air extraction passage 108 is closed, the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-passage of the first gas passage 105 is opened, the air resistance switch 122 of the second sub-passage of the first gas passage 105 is opened to disable the steady flow air resistance 121 connected in series therewith, the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 are opened, so that the exhaled breath fills the air container 103, and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 is closed after the air container 103 is filled with the exhaled breath.

By the embodiment, the gas capacity 103 is beneficial to collecting the exhaled gas in the large exhaled gas channel detection mode.

In one embodiment, when the detection mode is a small airway detection mode, as shown in fig. 2, the step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume 103 comprises: the pressure sensor 119 of the first gas pathway 105 measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether exhaled breath has been introduced; after it is determined that the exhaled breath has been introduced, the air pump 125 on the air extraction passage 108 is closed, the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-passage of the first gas passage 105 is closed, the air lock switch 122 of the second sub-passage of the first gas passage 105 is opened to enable the flow stabilizing air lock 121 in series therewith, the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 are opened, so that the exhaled breath fills the air volume 103, and the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 is closed after the exhaled breath fills the air volume 103.

By the embodiment, the air volume 103 is beneficial to collecting the exhaled air in the small exhalation tract detection mode.

In one embodiment, when the detection mode is a nasal airway detection mode, as shown in fig. 3, the step of collecting exhaled breath by the air container 103 comprises: the pressure sensor 119 of the first gas pathway 105 measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether exhaled breath has been introduced; after it is determined that the exhaled air is introduced, the air pump 125 on the air extraction passage 108 is opened and the throttle valve 120 on the air extraction passage 108 is used to ensure that the flow rate of the extracted air is stable, the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-passage of the first air passage 105 is opened, the air resistance switch 122 of the second sub-passage of the first air passage 105 is opened to disable the steady flow air resistance 121 connected in series with the air resistance switch, the electromagnetic valves 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the second air passage 106 are closed, so that the exhaled air is filled into the air container 103, and the air pump 125 on the air extraction passage 108 is closed after the exhaled air is filled into the air container 103.

By this embodiment, it is advantageous to realize that the air volume 103 collects exhaled air in the nasal airway detection mode.

In one embodiment, the information collecting step further comprises: when the detection mode is a big respiratory tract detection mode, further determining the identity of the subject, wherein the identity comprises adults and children; the step of collecting exhaled breath by air volume further comprises: the predetermined duration is determined based on the identity of the subject and the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-passageway of the first gas passageway 105 is closed when it is determined that exhaled breath has been introduced for the predetermined duration, wherein the predetermined duration corresponds to an adult being greater than the predetermined duration corresponding to a child.

Considering the difference between adult subjects and child subjects, the adult can maintain the blowing motion for about 10s, and the child can maintain the blowing motion for about 6 s. Controlling a duration of an exhaled breath collection process for a large exhaled airway to a first duration (e.g., 8-12 s) for an adult subject; the duration of the exhaled breath collection procedure is controlled to a second duration (e.g., 4-8 s) for the pediatric subject, where the first duration is greater than the second duration.

The predetermination of the duration may be achieved by controlling the throttle valve 120 on the first gas passage 105, the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107, and the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106. For example, when it is confirmed that the exhaled breath has been introduced, the throttle valve 120 on the first gas passage 105 is opened, and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 are opened to charge the gas volume 103; upon determining that the exhaled breath has been introduced for the predetermined duration, the throttle valve 120 on the first gas passage 105 is closed.

Through the implementation mode, the accuracy of the detection result and the success rate of sampling are improved.

In one embodiment, the control method further includes a zero point calibration step performed before the information acquisition step, the zero point calibration step including: the three-way valve 104 is controlled so as to be able to guide the zero point gas generated by the zero point filter 110 to the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109 alone; the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is activated to pump the zero-point gas filtered by the zero-point filter 110 through the three-way valve 104 for the detection of the detection portion 128, so as to obtain and store the background concentration of the gas.

The zero point calibration step includes the following substeps.

1) The three-way valve 104 is controlled so that the three-way valve 104 can separately guide the zero gas filtered by the zero filter 110 to the detection passage 109, and the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is activated to draw the zero gas, at which time the system enters a zero calibration state. The gas pumped by the gas pump 125 in the detection passage 109 reaches the detection section 128 through the detection passage 109.

2) During the process of pumping gas by the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109, the gas flow rate is obtained in real time by the flow sensor 127, and the PWM wave of the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is adjusted to stabilize the zero-point gas flow rate in the detection passage 109.

3) When the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is started for a predetermined time, the detection result of the detection portion 128 is read and saved to obtain the concentration of the background gas, and the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is closed, at which time the system is no longer in the zero calibration state.

In the above flow, the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109 operates for a predetermined time to read data, so as to clear the dead space gas in the detection passage 109, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.

The zero calibration step described above may be automatically implemented by the controller.

By the embodiment, the accurate concentration of the background gas is acquired.

In one embodiment, the control method further comprises a detection and analysis step comprising: the three-way valve 104 is controlled so as to be able to guide the sample gas stored in the gas container 103 to the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109 alone; starting the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109 to pump the sample gas through the three-way valve 104 for detection by the detection part 128, and obtaining and storing the measured concentration of the gas to be detected in the sample gas; and determining the actual concentration of the gas to be measured in the sampled gas according to the difference value between the measured concentration and the background concentration.

By the embodiment, the influence of the background concentration and the sensor zero drift of the detection part 128 on the measurement result is favorably reduced, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1-6 and 9, in one embodiment of the present invention, the gas detection system includes a main body 100, a handle portion 300, a nasal breathing portion 400, a moisture portion 200, and an air bag 500.

Host 100

The host 100 is used to detect the concentration of the gas to be measured in the exhaled air entering the gas container 103 of the host 100.

Host 100 includes, but is not limited to: the air intake/exhaust port 101, the air intake/exhaust port 102, the air volume 103, the three-way valve 104, the controller, the zero point filter 110, the pressure sensor 119 on the first gas passage 105, the throttle valve 120, the air lock switch 122, the steady flow air lock 121, the differential pressure gauge 123 and the air lock 124 in the flow rate sensor section, the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106, the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107, the throttle valve 120 and the suction pump 125 on the suction passage 108, the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109, the water removal device 126, the flow rate sensor 127, and the detection section 128.

And an inlet 101 for introducing the exhaled air from the handle 300 or the nose-breathing part 400 into the main unit 100.

And an intake/exhaust port 102 for exhausting the intake/exhaust port 102 and separating the air bag 500 from the intake/exhaust port 102 when the detection mode is a large expiratory path detection mode, a small expiratory path detection mode, and a nasal expiratory path detection mode. When the detection mode is the moisture detection mode and the off-line detection mode, the exhaled air is collected in the air volume 103, the air bag 500 is connected to the gas detection system, the air inlet and outlet 102 is used for air inlet, and the exhaled air in the air bag 500 enters the air volume 103 through the air inlet and outlet 102 and the second gas passage 106. Meanwhile, when the detection mode is the offline detection mode, in the step of collecting the exhaled air by the airbag 500, the air intake/exhaust port 102 is also used for exhausting air so that the airbag 500 collects the offline exhaled air.

The gas container 103 includes: a first sub air passage 112 having one end communicating with the first opening 114 and the other end provided with a second opening 115; and a second sub air passage 113 having one end communicating with the first opening 114, the other end provided with a first air outlet 116 and a second air outlet 117, and the middle provided with a third air outlet 118.

The controller is connected with the pressure sensor 119, the throttle valve 120, the air resistance switch 122, the steady flow air resistance 121 on the first gas passage 105, the differential pressure gauge 123 and the air resistance 124 of the flow sensing part, the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106, the electromagnetic valve 111 of the exhaust passage 107, the suction pump 125 and the throttle valve 120 of the suction passage 108, the three-way valve 104, the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109, the flow sensor 127 and the detection part 128 in a communication way; to control the operation of the main body.

The zero filter 110 includes one or a combination of a molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a molecular sieve loaded with a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate, activated carbon, and alumina, and can ensure generation of zero gas.

The pressure sensor 119 on the first gas passageway 105 is used to measure the gas pressure of the first gas passageway 105 in real time to determine whether exhaled breath flows through the first gas passageway 105, and thus whether to insufflate the gas and stop insufflating the gas, and the duration of the subject's exhaled gas.

The flow sensing unit measures the gas flow rate of the first gas passage 105. The flow sensing part on the first gas passage 105 is used in cooperation with the pressure sensor 119, so that the gas flow and the ventilation time of the first gas passage 105 can be obtained, the total amount of the exhaled gas flowing through the first gas passage 105 can be obtained, and whether the gas container 103 is full can be deduced by combining the volume of the gas container 103. The flow sensing part comprises a differential pressure gauge 123 and an air resistance 124 which are connected in parallel; the differential pressure gauge 123 and the air resistor 124 of the flow sensing part are respectively connected with the controller in a communication way. The purpose of measuring the flow rate by using the differential pressure gauge 123 is to reduce the cost; the air lock 124 may further regulate the flow of the first gas passageway 105.

The flow stabilizer is used to stabilize the gas flow rate of the first gas passage 105 within a suitable range. The current stabilizing part comprises a first sub-passage and a second sub-passage which are connected in parallel, a throttle valve 120 is arranged on the first sub-passage, and a current stabilizing air resistor 121 and an air resistor switch 122 which are connected in series are arranged on the second sub-passage. The throttle valve 120 and the steady flow air resistor 121 can have different adjusting ranges and adjusting precision, the design that the throttle valve 120 and the steady flow air resistor 121 are connected in parallel is used, the gas flow of the first gas passage 105 can be adjusted within a large range, different adjusting precision can be considered, different regulation and control can be carried out on different respiratory tracts and different subjects, the gas sampling success rate is improved, and the detection accuracy is further improved.

The air volume 103 collection exhaled air step in the moisture detection mode and the offline detection mode, the throttle valve 120 of the first sub-passage is closed, and the air lock switch 122 of the second sub-passage is opened, thereby disabling the first gas passage 105.

The solenoid valve 111 is disposed on the second gas passage 106, and the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 is in communication with the controller so that the gas in the gas bag 500 flows into the gas container 103 or the gas in the gas container 103 flows into the gas bag 500.

An electromagnetic valve 111 is provided in the exhaust passage 107; the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 is in communication with the controller, which is beneficial for efficiently exhausting the dead space gas in the second sub-air passage 113 of the gas container 103.

The air extracting passage 108 is connected in series with an air extracting pump 125 and a throttle valve 120, and the air extracting pump 125 and the throttle valve 120 of the air extracting passage 108 are both in communication connection with the controller.

The air pumping channel 108 is used for providing power for the second sub-air channel 113 to fill with air, and is mainly used for the air volume 103 collection exhaled air step in the nasal exhalation channel detection mode, the tidal detection mode and the off-line detection mode. At this time, the pressure of the exhaled air is low, and an additional power source is needed.

The suction pump 125 on the suction passage 108 is a diaphragm pump.

The detection passage 109 is connected in series with an air pump 125, a water removal device 126, a flow sensor 127 and a detection part 128; the suction pump 125, the flow sensor 127 and the detection portion 128 on the detection passage 109 are all connected to the controller in communication.

The water removal device 126 is used to ensure that the humidity of the gas entering the detection portion 128 is suitable for detection by the detection portion 128. The water removal device 126 includes a combination of one or more of a Nafion tube, a hollow fiber membrane, and a PTEF membrane.

The flow sensor 127 on the detection passage 109 is used for measuring the gas flow in the detection passage 109 in real time, and the precision requirement thereof is high, so as to facilitate the accuracy of the detection result.

Handle part 300

The handle portion 300 is intended to convey or provide filtered exhaled breath to the host 100. The handle portion 300 includes, but is not limited to, a breathing port 301, a handle outlet port 302, a first handle filter 303, a second handle filter 304, and a one-way valve.

The breathing port 301 is used to provide an insufflation interface for oral exhalation and an inhalation interface for oral inhalation of the gas to the subject.

The handle outlet 302 can communicate with the inlet 101 of the main body 100 to guide the filtered air from the handle 300 to the main body 100.

The breathing port 301 and the handle outlet port 302 are communicated via a first handle filter 303, and the first handle filter 303 is disposed between the breathing port 301 and the handle outlet port 302 for filtering moisture and/or bacteria in the exhaled air. Preferably, the first handle filter 303 comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica and charcoal.

One end of the second handle filter 304 communicates with the atmosphere outside the apparatus via a one-way valve, and the other end communicates with the breathing port 301 via the first handle filter 303. The second handle filter 304 is used to remove NO from the inhaled gas when the subject inhales through the breathing orifice 301. Preferably, the second handle filter 304 comprises one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a combination of molecular sieve, activated carbon, and alumina loaded with a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate.

The above-mentioned structure of the handle part 300 can realize that the breath gas is introduced into the mouth of the subject to the host computer 100, and through the pre-expiration and inspiration actions performed by the handle part 300 before the formal expiration sampling, the problem of interference of residual NO in the mouth of the subject and environmental NO can be well solved, and the accuracy of the test result is ensured.

Nose breathing part 400

The nasal exhale portion 400 is intended to deliver or provide filtered nasal exhale gas to the subject. The nasal exhale portion 400 includes: a nasal exhalation port 401, a nasal exhalation outlet 402, and a nasal exhalation filter 403.

Nasal exhalation ports 401 are used to provide an interface for nasal exhalation. The nasal exhalation outlet 402 is adapted to communicate with the introduction port 101 of the main body to guide the filtered nasal exhalation from the nasal exhalation part 400 to the main body 100. A nasal exhalation filter 403 is disposed between the nasal exhalation vent 401 and the nasal exhalation outlet 402 for filtering moisture and/or bacteria from the nasal exhalation.

Preferably, the nasal exhalation filter 403 comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica, and charcoal.

Moisture part 200

The moisture part 200 is to transfer or provide filtered moisture exhaled air to the air bag 500. The moisture part 200 includes: a blower 204, a filter 205, and a one-way valve.

The moisture portion 200 includes a blower passage 201, an air bag passage 202, and a filter passage 203 that meet at one point; the blower passage 201 is used for connecting a blower 204, and the blower 204 is used for introducing moisture and exhaled air; the air bag passage 202 is used for connecting the air bag 500 and is provided with a one-way valve; the filter passage 203 is used to connect a filter 205, on which a check valve is provided.

The blower 204 is a mouthpiece or a face mask. The blower 204 is used to provide an interface for moisture to exit the air. One end of the filter 205 communicates with the atmosphere outside the apparatus via a check valve, and the other end communicates with the blower 204. The filter 205 is used to remove the gas to be measured from the inhaled gas when the subject performs tidal inhalation.

Preferably, the filter 205 of the moisture part 200 includes one or more of a combination of a molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a molecular sieve loaded with a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate.

Air bag 500

The air bag 500 may be connected to the moisture part 200 or may be connected to the air inlet/outlet port 102 of the main unit 100.

In addition, although the gas to be detected in the present embodiment is NO, the gas detection system of the present invention may be used for detection of other gases. At this time, the detection unit 128 and each filter 205 need to be replaced.

Example two

The control method of the gas detection system comprises the following steps: information acquisition, zero point calibration, pre-expiration and inspiration, expired gas sampling and detection analysis. The pre-expiration and inspiration are only applicable to the detection mode of a large expiration channel detection mode and a small expiration channel detection mode.

Information collection

The information acquisition step is used for determining a detection mode, wherein the detection mode is one of a large expiratory channel detection mode, a small expiratory channel detection mode, a nasal expiratory channel detection mode, a tidal detection mode and an off-line detection mode. It is also necessary to confirm whether the subject is an adult or a child when the detection mode is a large expiratory airway detection mode.

Zero point calibration

The zero calibration is used to detect the concentration of background gas when the subject is not performing a breathing operation.

The zero point calibration step includes the following substeps.

1) The three-way valve 104 is controlled so that the three-way valve 104 can separately guide the zero point gas filtered by the zero point filter 110 to the detection passage 109, and the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is activated to draw the zero point gas, at which time the system enters a zero point calibration state. The gas pumped by the suction pump 125 in the detection passage 109 reaches the detection portion 128 through the detection passage 109.

2) During the process of pumping gas by the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109, the gas flow rate is obtained in real time by the flow sensor 127, and the duty ratio of the suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is adjusted so as to stabilize the zero-point gas flow rate in the detection passage 109.

In the above-mentioned flow, the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109 operates for a predetermined time to read data, so as to clear the dead space gas in the detection passage 109, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.

Pre-expiration and inspiration

The pre-expiration and inspiration steps are only applicable when the detection mode is a large expiratory channel detection mode and a small expiratory channel detection mode.

The pre-expiration step comprises: the subject performs a pre-exhalation action through the breathing port 301 of the handle portion 300 to expel residual air.

The step of inhaling includes: whether the subject completes the pre-expiration action is judged through the real-time measurement data of the pressure sensor 119 on the first gas passage 105, when the subject is judged to complete the pre-expiration action, the subject performs the inspiration action, and at the moment, the inspired gas passes through the second handle filter 304 to filter the gas to be detected, such as NO, so that the accuracy of the detection result is improved.

It is emphasized that the sampling procedure is typically performed immediately after the pre-expiration and inspiration procedures have been performed. The control may assist in the completion of the pre-expiration and inspiration steps.

Exhaled air collection

(a) Exhaled air collection for nasal airway detection mode.

The exhaled breath collection in the nasal airway detection mode includes a step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume 103.

The step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume 103 in the nasal airway detection mode comprises the following substeps:

1) the suction pump 125 on the suction passage 108 is opened to force the nasal exhalation into the air cell 103, and the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the solenoid valve 111 of the second gas passage 106 are closed. The throttle valve 120 of the ballast of the first gas passageway 105 is opened and the ballast air resistor switch 122 is opened to disable the ballast air resistor 121. Furthermore, it is preferable that the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is closed and the opening of the three-way valve 104 communicating with the third air outlet 118 of the air container 103 is closed, and then the air container 103 of the air detection system enters the nasal expiratory passage detection mode to collect the exhaled air.

2) During the process of pumping by the air pump 125 on the pumping channel 108, the flow rate of the gas in the first gas channel 105 is measured in real time by the flow sensing part on the first gas channel 105, and the throttle valve 120 on the first gas channel 105 is adjusted in real time to ensure that the flow rate of the pumped gas is stabilized at 540mL/min-660 mL/min.

3) When the gas volume 103 is full, the pump 125 on the pumping channel 108 and the throttle valve 120 on the first gas channel 105 are closed to obtain the sample gas. The air volume 103 collection exhaled air step of the nasal airway detection mode is completed.

In the above step, the nasal exhaled breath will first pass through the nasal exhalation filter 403 to filter the nasal exhaled breath from water vapor and/or bacteria.

(b) Exhaled breath collection for small exhalation tract detection mode

The expiratory gas collection in the small expiratory channel detection mode includes a gas volume 103 collection expiratory gas step, which is typically performed after the pre-expiration and inspiration steps.

The step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume 103 in the small airway detection mode comprises the following substeps:

1) the subject performs an exhalation action and determines whether an exhaled breath has been introduced through the pressure sensor 119 on the first gas passage 105, and after determining that the exhaled breath has been introduced, opens the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the solenoid valve 111 of the second gas passage 106 to open the second outlet port 117 and the second opening 115 of the gas container 103. At the same time, the throttle valve 120 in the ballast portion on the first gas passage 105 is closed, and the gas resistance switch 122 is turned on to activate the ballast gas resistance 121. And closing the air pump 125 on the air pumping passage 108 and the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109, and closing the opening of the three-way valve 104 communicated with the third air outlet 118 of the air volume 103, wherein at the moment, the air volume 103 in the small expiratory passage detection mode is entered by the air detection system for collecting the exhaled air.

2) The gas flow of the first gas passage 105 is measured in real time through the flow sensing part on the first gas passage 105, and the steady flow air resistance 121 on the first gas passage 105 is adjusted in real time to ensure that the flow of the extracted gas is stabilized at 10.8L/min-13.2L/min. The process requires controlling the pressure of the exhaled air in the human body to be 5mmHg-20 mmHg. The air pressure control may prompt the subject by displaying a reference gas flow curve and an actual gas flow curve of the subject on a system interface.

3) After the gas container 103 is filled, the gas-blocking switch 122 on the first gas passage 105 is turned off, and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 are closed, so that the second gas outlet 117 and the second opening 115 of the gas container 103 are closed, and the sampled gas is obtained. The air volume 103 collection expiratory gas step of the small expiratory channel detection mode is completed.

The gas volume 103 can be estimated by using data obtained by the pressure sensor 119 and the flow rate sensor unit in the first gas passage 105, specifically, the duration of the introduction of the exhaled gas can be obtained by the pressure sensor 119, and the flow rate of the exhaled gas can be obtained by the flow rate sensor 127.

In this step, the exhaled breath first passes through a first handle filter 303 to remove moisture. The dead space gas in the gas container 103 is discharged through the second gas outlet 117 and the second opening 115 of the gas container 103 (about 2s-8 s), and the exhaled gas entering the gas container 103 is stored in the gas container 103 as the sampling gas.

(c) Exhaled breath collection for large exhalation airway detection mode

The expiratory gas collection in the large expiratory path detection mode comprises a gas volume 103 collection expiratory gas step, which is typically performed after the pre-expiration and inspiration steps.

The step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume 103 in the big exhaled breath path detection mode comprises the following substeps:

1) the subject performs an exhalation action and determines whether an exhaled breath has been introduced through the pressure sensor 119 on the first gas passage 105, and after determining that the exhaled breath has been introduced, opens the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the solenoid valve 111 of the second gas passage 106 to open the second outlet port 117 and the second opening 115 of the gas container 103. At the same time, the throttle valve 120 in the ballast on the first gas passage 105 is opened and the gas resistance switch 122 is closed to disable the ballast gas resistance 121. And closing the air pump 125 on the air pumping passage 108 and the air pump 125 on the detection passage 109, and closing the opening of the three-way valve 104 communicated with the third air outlet 118 of the air volume 103, wherein at the moment, the gas detection system enters the step of collecting the exhaled air by the air volume 103 in the large exhalation passage detection mode.

2) The gas flow of the first gas passage 105 is measured in real time by the flow sensing part on the first gas passage 105, and the throttle valve 120 on the first gas passage 105 is adjusted in real time to ensure that the flow of the extracted gas is stabilized at 2.7L/min-3.3L/min. The process requires controlling the pressure of the exhaled air in the human body to be 5mmHg-20 mmHg.

3) When the gas container 103 is full, the throttle valve 120 on the first gas passage 105 is opened, and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 are closed, so that the second gas outlet 117 and the second opening 115 of the gas container 103 are closed, and the sampled gas is obtained. The step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume 103 in the large exhaled breath path detection mode is completed.

The predetermination of the duration may be achieved by controlling the throttle valve 120 on the first gas passage 105, the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107, and the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106. For example, when it is confirmed that the exhaled breath has been introduced, the throttle valve 120 on the first gas passage 105 is opened, and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 are opened to charge the gas volume 103; when it is determined that the exhaled breath has been introduced for the predetermined duration, the throttle valve 120 on the first gas passage 105 is closed, and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 and the electromagnetic valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 are closed to maintain the full state of the gas volume 103.

(d) Exhaled breath collection for moisture detection mode

The exhaled air collection in the moisture detection mode includes a step of collecting exhaled air by the air bags 500 and a step of collecting exhaled air by the air containers 103.

The air bag 500 collecting exhaled breath step of the exhaled breath collection in the moisture detection mode includes the following sub-steps:

1) the air bag 500 is mounted on the air bag passage 202 of the moisture part 200. The one-way valve in the filter passage 203 is open and the one-way valve in the air bag passage 202 is closed when air is drawn into the blower 204, and the one-way valve in the filter passage 203 is closed and the one-way valve in the air bag passage 202 is open when air is blown into the blower 204. The filter 205 filters the gas to be measured out of the sucked gas. The subject passes exhaled air through the blower 204 into the blower passage 201 and through the air bag passage 202 into the air bag 500.

2) After the air bag 500 is filled, the air bag 500 is separated from the air bag passage 202 of the moisture part 200.

The air volume 103 for exhaled air collection in the moisture detection mode collects exhaled air includes the following substeps:

1) the air bag 500 is connected to the intake/exhaust port 102 of the main unit 100.

2) The solenoid valve 111 of the second gas passage 106 is opened, the suction pump 125 of the suction passage 108 is opened, the throttle valve 120 and the choke switch 122 of the flow stabilizer of the first gas passage 105 are closed, and the solenoid valve 111 of the exhaust passage 107 is closed. So that the gas in the gas pocket 500 enters the second sub gas passage 113 of the gas container 103 through the first sub gas passage 112 of the gas container 103. Until the second sub air passage 113 is filled.

(e) Exhaled breath collection for offline detection mode

The expired air collection in the off-line detection mode includes a step of collecting expired air by the air bag 500 and a step of collecting expired air by the air volume 103.

The air bag 500 collecting exhaled breath step of the exhaled breath collection of the off-line detection mode includes the following sub-steps:

2) The subject performs an exhalation maneuver and determines whether an exhaled breath has been introduced via pressure sensor 119 in first gas passageway 105, and after determining that an exhaled breath has been introduced, pump 125 in pump passageway 108 is turned off, throttle valve 120 in first gas passageway 105 is opened, and air lock switch 122 in first gas passageway 105 is opened to disable flow stabilizing air lock 121.

3) The dead space gas in the gas container 103 is discharged. In this sub-step, the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 is closed, and the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 is opened.

4) After the dead space gas is exhausted, the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 is opened, and the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 is closed. Until the air bag 500 is full.

The step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume 103 for exhaled breath collection in the offline detection mode includes the substeps of:

2) The solenoid valve 111 in the second gas passage 106 is opened, the suction pump 125 in the suction passage 108 is opened, the throttle valve 120 and the choke switch 122 in the flow stabilizing portion of the first gas passage 105 are closed, and the solenoid valve 111 in the exhaust passage 107 is closed. So that the gas in the gas pocket 500 enters the second sub-gas passage 113 of the gas container 103 through the first sub-gas passage 112 of the gas container 103. Until the second sub-air passage 113 is filled.

Detection assay

This step performs detection analysis on the sampled gas stored in the second sub-gas passage 113 of the gas container 103 to obtain the actual concentration of the gas to be detected.

The detection analysis step includes the following substeps.

1) The three-way valve 104 is controlled so that the three-way valve 104 can guide the gas stored in the second sub gas passage 113 in the gas container 103 to the detection passage 109 through the third gas outlet 118.

2) The suction pump 125 on the detection passage 109 is activated to draw the sample gas via the three-way valve 104, at which time the solenoid valve 111 on the second gas passage 106 and the solenoid valve 111 on the exhaust passage 107 are opened so that the gas in the second sub-gas passage 113 can be smoothly drawn, and the detection gas reaches the detection portion 128 through the suction pump 125, the water removal device 126 and the flow sensor 127. During the pumping process of the air pump 125, the flow sensor 127 on the detection passage 109 acquires the gas flow on the detection passage 109 in real time, and adjusts the PWM wave of the air pump 125 in real time, so as to stabilize the sampled gas flow of the gas passage.

3) When the pump 125 on the detection path 109 is activated for a predetermined time, for example, 40 seconds, the detection result of the detection portion 128 is read and stored, and the concentration of the gas to be detected in the sample gas is obtained.

4) And acquiring the concentration of the background gas acquired in the zero calibration step, and determining the actual concentration of the gas to be detected in the sampled gas by combining the concentration of the gas to be detected in the sampled gas.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described examples, and various changes and modifications in form and detail may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these are considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas detection system, comprising:

an inlet port for introducing exhaled air from the handle portion or the nose breathing portion;

an inlet and outlet port capable of being used to introduce exhaled air from an air bag that is removably coupled to the gas detection system;

a gas container for storing the introduced exhaled gas as a sampling gas to be detected by the detection section; the introduction port is connected to the first opening of the gas container via a first gas passage; the air inlet and outlet are connected with a second opening of the air container through a second air passage, and the second opening can be used for air inlet or air outlet; the first air outlet of the air capacitor is connected with the air pumping passage; the second air outlet of the air capacitor is connected with the exhaust passage;

the three-way valve is respectively connected with the third air outlet of the air capacitor, the detection passage and the zero filter; and the number of the first and second groups,

a controller in communication with the three-way valve;

the gas container comprises:

one end of the first sub air passage is communicated with the first opening, and the other end of the first sub air passage is provided with the second opening; and the number of the first and second groups,

one end of the second sub air passage is communicated with the first opening, the other end of the second sub air passage is provided with the first air outlet and the second air outlet, the middle part of the second sub air passage is provided with a third air outlet, and the second sub air passage is in a folded shape;

the detection part is used for detecting the concentration of the gas to be detected in the gas entering the detection passage;

when the exhaled air of big exhale air way detection or little exhale air way detection time reachs the first opening part of gas capacity through first gas access, can shunt into two tunnel and get into first sub-air flue and second sub-air flue respectively, first sub-air flue cooperation air inlet and outlet exhaust partly of exhaled air, another part of exhaled air is pushed the second gas outlet of the second sub-air flue other end with dead space gas in the second sub-air flue of rugosity and is discharged, the third gas outlet and the detection access intercommunication of second sub-air flue middle part position, when exhaled air is full of gas capacity, the gas of the corresponding expiratory phase middle section in arrangement position of third gas outlet.

2. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein a solenoid valve is disposed on the second gas pathway, the solenoid valve on the second gas pathway being in communication with the controller.

3. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein a pressure sensor, a flow stabilizing portion and a flow sensing portion are connected in series on the first gas passage; the flow stabilizing part comprises a first sub-passage and a second sub-passage which are connected in parallel, a throttle valve is arranged on the first sub-passage, and a flow stabilizing air resistance and an air resistance switch which are connected in series are arranged on the second sub-passage;

the pressure sensor, the throttle valve on the first sub-passage, the flow stabilizing air resistance and air resistance switch on the second sub-passage and the flow sensing part are respectively in communication connection with the controller.

4. The gas detection system of claim 3, wherein the flow sensing portion comprises a differential pressure gauge and a gas resistance in parallel;

the differential pressure gauge and the air resistance of the flow sensing part are respectively in communication connection with the controller.

5. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein a suction pump and a throttle valve are connected in series to the suction path,

the air extracting pump and the throttle valve of the air extracting passage are in communication connection with the controller.

6. The gas detection system of claim 5, wherein the suction pump on the suction pathway is a diaphragm pump.

7. The gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein the detection passage is connected in series with a suction pump, a water removal device, a flow sensor and a detection portion; and the air suction pump, the flow sensor and the detection part on the detection passage are in communication connection with the controller.

8. The gas detection system of claim 7, wherein the water removal device comprises a combination of one or more of a Nafion tube and a hollow fiber membrane.

9. The gas detection system of claim 7, wherein the suction pump on the detection path is a piezoelectric pump.

10. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein a solenoid valve is disposed on the exhaust passage;

and the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is in communication connection with the controller.

11. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the zero filter comprises a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a molecular sieve loaded with a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate, activated carbon, and alumina.

12. The gas detection system of claim 1, further comprising a moisture portion for collecting moisture exhaled gas through the air bag, the moisture portion being removably connected to the air bag,

the moisture portion includes a blower passage, an air bag passage and a filter passage that meet at a point; the blowing tool passage is used for connecting a blowing tool, and the blowing tool is used for introducing moisture and exhaled air; the air bag passage is used for connecting the air bag and is provided with a one-way valve; the filter passage is used for connecting a filter, and a one-way valve is arranged on the filter passage.

13. The gas detection system of claim 12, wherein the filter of the moisture portion comprises a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate supported molecular sieve, activated carbon, and alumina.

14. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the handle portion comprises:

a breathing port for providing a mouthpiece for mouth insufflation and mouth inspiration;

a handle outlet adapted to be connected to the introduction port;

the first handle filter is arranged between the breathing port and the handle outlet and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the exhaled air; and the number of the first and second groups,

and one end of the second handle filter is communicated with the atmosphere through a one-way valve, and the other end of the second handle filter is communicated with the breathing port through the first handle filter and is used for filtering the gas to be detected in the inhaled gas.

15. The gas detection system of claim 14, wherein the first handle filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP wool, sponge, cotton, foam, silica, and charcoal; the second handle filter comprises one or more of a molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, a molecular sieve loaded with strong oxidants such as potassium permanganate and the like, activated carbon and alumina.

16. The gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the nasal exhalation part is configured to introduce nasal exhalation to the introduction port, the nasal exhalation part comprising:

a nasal exhalation port for providing an interface for nasal exhalation;

a nasal exhalation vent adapted to be coupled to the introduction port; and (c) a second step of,

the nasal exhalation filter is arranged between the nasal exhalation port and the nasal exhalation guide port and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in nasal exhalation.

17. The gas detection system of claim 16, wherein the nasal exhalation filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, silica, and charcoal.

18. A method of controlling a gas detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising the steps of:

an information acquisition step, which comprises determining a detection mode; the detection mode comprises a large expiratory channel detection mode, a small expiratory channel detection mode, a nasal expiratory channel detection mode, a tidal detection mode and an off-line detection mode;

the step of collecting exhaled air by air volume comprises the following steps:

when the detection mode is the large expiratory duct detection mode and the small expiratory duct detection mode, the exhaled air from the handle part is introduced into the air volume through the introduction port and the first air passage; the air bag is separated from the gas detection system, and the air inlet and the air outlet are used for exhausting;

when the detection mode is the nasal exhalation tract detection mode, introducing nasal exhalation from the nasal exhalation part into the air container through the introducing port and the first gas passage; the air bag is separated from the gas detection system, and the air inlet and the air outlet are used for exhausting;

when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode and the off-line detection mode, the exhaled air in the air bag is guided into the air volume through the air inlet and outlet and the second air passage; the air bag is connected with the gas detection system, and the air inlet and outlet are used for air inlet.

19. The control method of claim 18, wherein when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode or the off-line detection mode, the air volume collecting exhaled air step comprises:

the exhaled air in the air bag enters the first sub air passage of the air container through the second opening via the electromagnetic valve of the second air passage, and the exhaled air entering the first sub air passage enters the second sub air passage of the air container via the first opening; meanwhile, the air suction pump on the air suction passage is started and a throttle valve on the air suction passage is utilized to ensure that the flow rate of the extracted gas is stable; closing a throttle valve on a first sub-passage of a first gas passage, a gas block switch on a second sub-passage of the first gas passage, and a solenoid valve on the exhaust passage.

20. The control method according to claim 18, wherein when the detection mode is the moisture detection mode, an air bag collecting exhaled air step is provided between the information collecting step and the air volume collecting exhaled air step, the air bag collecting exhaled air step including:

connecting the air bag with an air bag passage of a moisture part to collect moisture exhaled air;

and after the moisture expired air is collected, separating the air bag from the moisture part, and connecting the air bag to the air inlet and outlet of the gas detection system so as to perform the air volume collection expired air step.

21. The control method according to claim 18, wherein when the detection mode is the offline detection mode, an air bag collecting exhaled air step is provided between the information collecting step and the air volume collecting exhaled air step, and the air bag collecting exhaled air step includes:

connecting an air bag with the air inlet and outlet;

the pressure sensor of the first gas passage measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether the expired gas is introduced or not; after the exhaled air is determined to be led in, closing an air suction pump on the air suction passage, opening a throttle valve of a first sub-passage of the first air passage, and disconnecting an air resistance switch of a second sub-passage of the first air passage to disable a steady flow air resistance connected in series with the air resistance switch;

closing the electromagnetic valve on the second gas passage, and opening the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage to exhaust the dead space gas in the gas container by using the exhaled gas;

after the dead space gas is exhausted, the electromagnetic valve on the second gas passage is opened, the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is closed, the expired gas is filled into the gas bag, and at the moment, the second opening is a gas outlet.

22. The control method according to claim 18, wherein when the detection mode is the large expiratory path detection mode, the gas volume collecting exhaled breath step includes:

the pressure sensor of the first gas passage measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether the expired gas is introduced or not; after the exhaled air is determined to be led in, an air suction pump on the air suction passage is closed, a throttle valve of a first sub-passage of the first air passage is opened, an air resistance switch of a second sub-passage of the first air passage is turned off to disable a steady flow air resistance connected in series with the air resistance switch, an electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is opened, the exhaled air is filled into the air container, and the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is closed after the air container is filled with the exhaled air.

23. The control method according to claim 18, wherein when the detection mode is the small expiratory channel detection mode, the air volume collecting exhaled breath step includes:

the pressure sensor of the first gas passage measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether the expired gas is introduced or not; after the exhaled air is determined to be led in, the air suction pump on the air suction passage is closed, the throttle valve of the first sub-passage of the first air passage is closed, the air resistance switch of the second sub-passage of the first air passage is opened to start the steady flow air resistance connected with the air resistance switch in series, the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is opened, the exhaled air is filled into the air volume, and the electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage is closed after the air volume is filled with the exhaled air.

24. The control method according to claim 18, wherein when the detection mode is the nasal airway detection mode, the air volume collecting exhaled air step includes:

the pressure sensor of the first gas passage measures the gas pressure in real time to determine whether the expired gas is introduced or not; after the exhaled air is determined to be led in, an air suction pump on the air suction passage is opened, a throttle valve on the air suction passage is utilized to ensure that the flow rate of the extracted air is stable, the throttle valve of a first sub-passage of the first air passage is opened, an air resistance switch of a second sub-passage of the first air passage is turned off to disable a steady flow air resistance connected in series with the air resistance switch, and an electromagnetic valve on the exhaust passage and an electromagnetic valve on the second air passage are closed, so that the exhaled air is filled into the air capacitor.

25. The control method according to claim 22, wherein the information collection process further comprises: further determining a subject identity when the detection mode is a large expiratory airway detection mode, the identity including an adult and a child;

the step of collecting exhaled breath by the air volume further comprises: determining a predetermined duration based on the identity of the subject, closing the throttle valve of the first sub-passageway of the first gas passageway when it is determined that exhaled breath has been introduced for the predetermined duration, wherein the predetermined duration corresponding to an adult is greater than the predetermined duration corresponding to a child.

26. The control method according to claim 18, further comprising a zero point calibration step performed before the information acquisition step, the zero point calibration step including:

controlling a three-way valve to enable zero-point gas generated by the zero-point filter to be independently guided to a suction pump on the detection passage;

and starting the air suction pump on the detection passage to suck the zero gas filtered by the zero filter through the three-way valve for detection of the detection part, and obtaining and storing the background concentration of the gas.

27. The control method according to claim 26, further comprising a detection analysis step including:

controlling a three-way valve to enable the sampling gas stored in the gas container to be independently guided to a suction pump on the detection passage;

starting an air pump on the detection passage to pump the sampled gas through a three-way valve for detection by a detection part, and obtaining and storing the measured concentration of the gas to be detected in the sampled gas;

and determining the actual concentration of the gas to be measured in the sampled gas according to the stored background concentration and the measured concentration.