CN117347609B - Detection gas circuit and expiration diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents
Detection gas circuit and expiration diagnostic apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN117347609B CN117347609B CN202311647570.5A CN202311647570A CN117347609B CN 117347609 B CN117347609 B CN 117347609B CN 202311647570 A CN202311647570 A CN 202311647570A CN 117347609 B CN117347609 B CN 117347609B
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 238000003759 clinical diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B2010/0083—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements for taking gas samples
- A61B2010/0087—Breath samples
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
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- Immunology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a detection gas circuit and an expiration diagnostic instrument, and relates to the technical field of clinical diagnosis. The detection gas circuit comprises a detection gas circuit body, a gas storage piece and a first switch piece, wherein the detection gas circuit body is provided with a gas inlet end and can receive and detect gas to be detected; the gas storage piece is arranged at the gas inlet end through the first switch piece and is provided with a gas storage cavity capable of receiving gas to be detected; wherein the gas storage chamber is configured to: the capacity of the gas storage cavity can be changed along with the inlet and outlet of the gas to be detected, and the gas storage cavity has a zero capacity state; and the first switch is configured to: at least can switch the on-off state between the gas storage cavity and the detection gas circuit body. The device can realize that the collection of gas to be detected and the measurement of the vacuumizing of the gas circuit body are carried out simultaneously, so that the time for blowing can be saved after the vacuumizing is finished, the efficiency is improved, and the deviation between the measurement concentration and the true value is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of clinical diagnosis, in particular to a detection gas circuit and an exhalation diagnostic apparatus.
Background
Currently, before the sample gas is measured, the detection gas path is usually vacuumized by using an exhalation diagnostic apparatus in clinical use, so as to eliminate interference of the gas retained in the detection gas path on measurement. The method of blowing detection is generally adopted after the vacuum of the gas path to be detected is finished, and the detection period is long, so that the working efficiency is low. In order to solve the above problem, a way of simultaneously performing evacuation and air blowing is gradually adopted, and although the way shortens the detection period, because the vital capacity of a person is limited, and the evacuation time is longer, the way cannot ensure that the exhaled air can completely fill the detection air path, that is, the exhaled air can be diluted, so that the deviation between the measured concentration and the actual concentration is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide an exhalation diagnostic apparatus, which can reduce the deviation between the detected concentration and the actual concentration on the basis of shortening the detection period, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the detection exhalation diagnostic apparatus.
In addition, an exhalation diagnostic apparatus using the detection gas circuit is provided.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a detection circuit comprising:
the detection gas circuit body is provided with a gas inlet end and can receive and detect gas to be detected;
the gas storage piece is arranged at the gas inlet end through the first switch piece and is provided with a gas storage cavity capable of receiving the gas to be detected; wherein the gas storage chamber is configured to: the capacity of the gas storage cavity can be changed along with the inlet and outlet of the gas to be detected, and the gas storage cavity has a zero capacity state; and
the first switch is configured to: the on-off state between the air storage cavity and the detection air circuit body can be switched at least.
Further, the detection gas circuit further comprises a humidity adjusting piece, the humidity adjusting piece is connected to the gas storage piece, and the humidity adjusting piece can adjust the humidity of the gas to be detected in the gas storage cavity.
Further, the humidity adjusting part comprises a filtering part, the air storage part is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air storage cavity, the filtering part is connected with the air inlet, and the filtering part can at least filter out moisture in the gas to be detected flowing through the air inlet.
Further, the detection gas circuit further comprises a second switch piece, the second switch piece is installed on the gas inlet, and the second switch piece is configured to be capable of switching the on-off state of the gas inlet.
Further, the gas storage member includes:
the body is provided with a piston cavity, the two opposite ends of the piston cavity are respectively provided with the air inlet and the air outlet, and the air inlet is connected with the filtering part;
the piston is in sliding fit with the piston cavity, and is provided with a sealing structure which can be matched with the piston cavity to form reciprocating dynamic seal; the piston and the piston cavity are positioned at one end of the air inlet to form the air storage cavity.
Further, the detection gas circuit further comprises a third switch piece and a fourth switch piece, a balance cavity is formed at one end of the piston and the piston cavity, which is located at the gas outlet, and the detection gas circuit body is connected with the balance cavity through the third switch piece; the fourth switch piece is provided with the air outlet; wherein the third switch is configured to: at least the on-off state between the balance cavity and the detection gas circuit can be switched;
the fourth switch is configured to: at least the on-off state of the air outlet can be switched.
Further, the gas storage member includes:
the air bag is provided with at least one air tap, and the air tap is connected with the filtering part to form the air inlet.
Further, when the gas to be detected is exhaust gas exhaled by the patient, the detection gas circuit further includes:
and the exhaust piece is connected with the air inlet and can at least separate out cavity gas in the exhaust gas flowing through the air inlet.
Further, the exhaust member includes:
the air inlet is connected with the first suction pump and the air storage cavity through the reversing valve, and the reversing valve is configured to: the air inlet can be switched between at least a state of communication with the air storage chamber and a state of communication with the first suction pump.
Further, the exhaust member further includes:
and the expiration monitoring sensor is connected with the air inlet and can acquire the gas flow and/or pressure state of the air inlet.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an exhalation diagnostic apparatus comprising the detection circuit.
Embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
by adopting the detection gas circuit, the detection gas circuit is designed into two parts, wherein the former part is a gas storage part, and the latter part is a detection gas circuit body, namely, the gas storage part with a gas storage cavity is additionally arranged at the gas inlet end of the detection gas circuit body; specifically, the gas storage cavity and the detection gas circuit body are cut off through the first switch piece in advance, so that the gas to be detected is temporarily stored in the gas storage cavity, and after the detection gas circuit body is vacuumized, the gas storage cavity and the detection gas circuit body are connected through the first switch piece, so that the gas to be detected in the gas storage cavity flows into the detection gas circuit body to be detected. The capacity of the gas storage cavity is variable and the gas storage cavity is in a zero capacity state, so that gas to be detected can be collected when the gas storage cavity is in a zero capacity state, no other gas or no gas pressure in the containing cavity is ensured in an initial state, the accuracy of a detection result can be prevented from being influenced due to other interference gas in the gas storage cavity, and the difficulty of blowing gas into the gas storage cavity by a patient can be reduced.
Therefore, the device can realize that the acquisition of gas to be detected and the measurement of the vacuumizing of the gas circuit body are performed simultaneously, so that the time for blowing after the vacuumizing is finished can be saved, the efficiency is improved, and the deviation between the measurement concentration and the true value is effectively reduced.
In addition, the invention also relates to an exhalation diagnostic apparatus, since the detection gas circuit has the technical effects, the exhalation diagnostic apparatus comprising the detection gas circuit should have the same technical effects, and the description thereof is omitted.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a detection gas circuit in the first embodiment;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of the intake state of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the exhaust state of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a detection gas circuit in the second embodiment;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a detection gas circuit in the third embodiment;
fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a detection gas path in the fourth embodiment;
fig. 7 shows an assembly schematic of the air discharge member and the humidity adjusting member.
Description of main reference numerals:
100-humidity adjusting member; 200-a second switch member; 300-gas storage piece; 310-an air storage cavity; 320-air inlet; 330-air outlet; 340-an air inlet end; 350-a piston; 400-fourth switching element; 500-a first switch member; 600-detecting the gas path body; 610-a detection module; 620-a second suction pump; 700-third switch element; 800-an exhaust piece; 810-an exhalation monitoring sensor; 820-reversing valve; 830-a first suction pump.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the templates herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the related art, respiration is a normal metabolic process of a human body, the variety and concentration change of components in expiration can reflect the health state of the human body to a certain extent, the main components of the respiration include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and inert gas, and the rest components are low-concentration gases with the concentration level of ppt-ppb, including volatile organic gases (volatile organic compounds, VOCs) such as isoprene, acetone, benzene and the like, and inorganic gases such as ammonia, nitric oxide and the like. Wherein VOCs contain a large amount of physiological information and can be used as an analytical sample for non-invasive diagnosis. To date, neonatal jaundice can be detected by the following 6 exhaled gases for disease detection, such as carbon monoxide; hydrogen and methane to diagnose gastrointestinal disorders; nitric oxide detects asthma; ethanol testing the alcohol content in blood; alkane gas detects heart transplant rejection; the carbon 13 marker diagnoses helicobacter pylori infection in the stomach. Therefore, VOCs gas in expiration is used as an analysis sample for disease diagnosis, and has great application potential for early screening and timely prevention of cancer population.
In actual operation, it is necessary to collect alveolar gas exhaled from a human body through an internal detection gas path thereof by an exhalation diagnostic apparatus and detect it, thereby judging a disease. But during sampling there are two ways: 1) Before the sample gas is measured, the detection gas path is usually vacuumized to eliminate interference of the gas remained in the detection gas path to the measurement. The method of blowing detection is generally adopted after the vacuum of the gas path to be detected is finished, so that the detection period is long, and the working efficiency is low; 2) The mode that vacuumizing and blowing are carried out simultaneously is adopted, although the mode shortens the detection period, because the vital capacity of a person is limited, and the vacuumizing time is longer, the mode cannot ensure that the exhaled air can completely fill the detection air path, that is, the exhaled air can be diluted, and the deviation between the measured concentration and the actual concentration is large. Therefore, how to ensure the detection accuracy on the basis of improving the detection efficiency is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a first preferred embodiment of the present disclosure provides a detection gas path, which includes a detection gas path body 600, a gas storage 300 and a first switch 500, wherein the detection gas path body 600 has a gas inlet 340, and the detection gas path body 600 is capable of receiving and detecting a gas to be detected; the gas storage member 300 is installed at the gas inlet end 340 through the first switching member 500, and the gas storage member 300 has a gas storage chamber 310 capable of receiving a gas to be detected; wherein the gas storage chamber 310 is configured to: the capacity of the gas storage cavity 310 can be changed along with the inlet and outlet of the gas to be detected, and the gas storage cavity 310 has a zero capacity state; and the first switch 500 is configured to: at least the on-off state between the gas storage chamber 310 and the detection gas path body 600 can be switched.
The detection air path is a main component of the exhalation diagnostic apparatus, and the patient blows air to the detection air path and detects the air path through the detection module 610 of the detection air path to obtain a detection result. As will be readily appreciated, the detection gas circuit body 600 includes a detection tube, a detection module 610 and a second suction pump 620, the detection tube is used for flowing a gas to be detected, the detection tube is sequentially connected to the detection module 610 and the second suction pump 620, and then the gas to be detected can be conveyed to the detection module 610 through the detection tube, so that the gas to be detected can be detected by the detection module 610; wherein the second suction pump 620 pumps out the gas in the detection tube before the detection to reduce the influence of the detection tube air or residual gas on the detection result.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the gas storage member 300 is additionally provided at the gas inlet end 340 of the detection gas circuit body 600, so that the gas to be detected is pre-stored by using the gas storage cavity 310 of the gas storage member 300, and the gas to be detected can be exhaust gas directly exhaled by a patient; for example, if the first switch 500 is used to block the pipeline between the detection gas path body 600 and the gas storage cavity 310, the patient can exhale into the gas storage cavity 310 to temporarily store the gas to be detected in the gas storage cavity 310; obviously, because the detection gas path body 600 and the gas storage cavity 310 are blocked, the second suction pump 620 is used for pumping the detection gas path body 600 to enable the detection gas path body 600 to be in a vacuum state and to be capable of being performed simultaneously with the expiration of a patient, and the detection gas path body 600 and the gas storage cavity are not interfered with each other;
of course, after the pumping of the gas circuit body 600 is detected, only the first switch piece 500 is required to be opened, and the gas to be detected in the gas storage cavity 310 can be sucked in under-pressure of the gas body; it should be noted that, even if the patient does not end exhaling into the gas storage chamber 310 when the evacuation of the gas body is detected, the first switch 500 may be turned on. Wherein, the first switch member 500 may be a switch valve.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the gas storage cavity 310 of the gas storage member 300 is configured to have a variable capacity, so that the gas storage cavity 310 can be changed according to the change of the amount of the stored gas to be detected, for example, when the patient exhales into the gas storage cavity 310, the capacity of the gas storage cavity 310 gradually increases; when the gas to be detected in the gas storage cavity 310 flows into the detection gas path body 600, the capacity of the gas storage cavity 310 gradually becomes smaller; it can be seen that by configuring the gas storage 300 to have a variable capacity, it is possible to ensure that there is no other impurity gas, such as air or residual other gas, in the gas storage chamber 310 when receiving the exhaust gas exhaled from the patient; that is, the patient can exhale to the gas storage cavity 310 when the gas storage cavity 310 is in the initial state, and the gas storage cavity 310 is in the zero-capacity state when the gas storage cavity 310 is in the initial state, so that no other impurity gas exists in the gas storage cavity 310.
When the detection gas circuit provided by the invention is applied, the detection gas circuit is designed into two parts, wherein the former part is the gas storage piece 300, and the latter part is the detection gas circuit body 600, namely, the gas storage piece 300 with the gas storage cavity 310 is additionally arranged at the gas inlet end 340 of the detection gas circuit body 600; specifically, the gas storage cavity 310 and the detection gas circuit body 600 are cut off through the first switch member 500 in advance, so that the gas storage cavity 310 stores the gas to be detected temporarily, and after the detection gas circuit body 600 is vacuumized, the gas storage cavity 310 and the detection gas circuit body 600 are connected through the first switch member 500, so that the gas to be detected in the gas storage cavity 310 can flow into the detection gas circuit body 600 to detect the gas to be detected. Because the capacity of the gas storage cavity 310 is variable and the gas storage cavity has a zero capacity state, the gas to be detected can be collected when the gas storage cavity 310 processes the zero capacity state, and no other gas or no gas pressure in the accommodating cavity in the initial state is ensured, so that the accuracy of the detection result can be prevented from being influenced by other interference gas in the gas storage cavity 310, and the difficulty of blowing the gas into the gas storage cavity 310 by a patient can be reduced.
Therefore, the device can realize that the acquisition of gas to be detected and the measurement of the vacuumizing of the gas circuit body are performed simultaneously, so that the time for blowing after the vacuumizing is finished can be saved, the efficiency is improved, and the deviation between the measurement concentration and the true value is effectively reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of the above embodiment, the detecting air path further includes a humidity adjusting member 100, where the humidity adjusting member 100 is connected to the air storage member 300, and the humidity adjusting member 100 can adjust the humidity of the air to be detected in the air storage chamber 310.
The influence of the humidity on the detection result of the detection gas path body 600 can be reduced by adjusting the humidity of the collected gas to be detected by the humidity adjusting member 100; how to adjust the humidity of the gas to be detected in actual operation is a conventional means for those skilled in the art, and exemplary, the device may be disposed in a receiving cavity in communication with Chu Qiqiang 310, where the receiving cavity is filled with a desiccant or the like; in the specific installation, the humidity adjusting member 100 can be installed at the air inlet 320, and the air to be detected is directly processed in the process of entering the air storage cavity 310; or the humidity adjusting member 100 is communicated with the air storage cavity 310, so that the air to be detected is treated after the air to be detected enters the air storage cavity 310; or both may be implemented in combination. In any way, the humidity of the gas to be detected can be adjusted by one skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 7, the humidity control unit 100 includes a filtering part, the air storage 300 has an air inlet 320 communicating with the air storage chamber 310, the filtering part is connected to the air inlet 320, and the filtering part can at least filter out moisture in the air to be detected flowing through the air inlet 320.
That is, the humidity adjusting member 100 filters the moisture of the gas to be detected flowing through the gas inlet 320 to achieve the adjustment of the humidity of the gas to be detected; the filtering part is a routine setting for a person skilled in the art, so long as the filtering of the moisture in the gas to be detected can be realized. The filter unit may be a filter to remove water, and the principle and structure of the filter unit are the prior art, so that the description is omitted.
It will be readily appreciated that a filter structure is provided that includes a housing having a filter cavity, wherein an air inlet 320 extends through the filter cavity, and a porous water absorbing portion is provided within the filter, including but not limited to at least one of silica gel, nonwoven fabric, perfluorosulfonic acid tube, fiber, calcium chloride, and montmorillonite.
As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of the above embodiment, the detection air path further includes a second switch member 200, and the second switch member 200 is mounted on the air inlet 320.
The second switch member 200 may be a switch valve, so that after collecting the gas to be detected, the gas inlet 320 is closed by the second switch member 200 to prevent the gas to be detected in the gas storage cavity 310 from leaking and prevent the external gas from entering the gas storage cavity 310.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, on the basis of the above embodiment, the air storage 300 includes a body and a piston 350, the body has a cavity of the piston 350, and opposite ends of the cavity of the piston 350 are respectively provided with an air inlet 320 and an air outlet 330, and the air inlet 320 is connected with the filtering portion; the piston 350 is in sliding fit in the cavity of the piston 350, and the piston 350 is provided with a sealing structure which can be matched with the cavity of the piston 350 to form reciprocating dynamic seal; wherein the piston 350 and the piston 350 cavity are located at one end of the air intake 320 to form the air storage cavity 310.
The piston 350 and the piston 350 cavity cooperate to form a piston 350 structure, and thus the capacity of the gas storage cavity 310 can be changed by the reciprocating movement of the piston 350; that is, when the piston 350 moves toward the end where the intake port 320 is located, the capacity of the gas storage chamber 310 becomes small, and the capacity of the gas storage chamber 310 may be zero capacity when the capacity is minimum.
Illustratively, the piston 350 cavity is a cylindrical cavity, the piston 350 is a disc structure, and the piston 350 cavity and the piston 350 are in clearance fit; the sealing structure includes an elastic sealing ring, which may be an O-ring, and is mounted in a groove at the outer periphery of the piston 350. During operation, the outer ring of the O-shaped ring is abutted against the inner wall of the cavity of the piston 350, so that dynamic sealing between the piston 350 and the cavity of the piston 350 is realized.
As shown in fig. 4, on the basis of the above embodiment, a second embodiment is provided, the detection air circuit further includes a third switch member 700 and a fourth switch member 400, a balance cavity is formed at one end of the piston 350 and the cavity of the piston 350 located at the air outlet 330, and the detection air circuit is connected with the balance cavity through the third switch member 700; the fourth switching part 400 is installed at the air outlet 330; wherein the third switch 700 is configured to: at least the on-off state between the balance cavity and the detection gas circuit body 600 can be switched; the fourth switch 400 is configured to: at least the on-off state of the air outlet 330 can be switched.
If the influence of the ambient air factors on the detection of the alveolar gas, such as the influence of the ambient air on the concentration of the alveolar gas, is to be eliminated, the ambient air needs to be collected and measured. The application improves as follows: the gas storage 300 is additionally provided with a pumping outlet communicated with the balance cavity, and the measuring gas circuit body is communicated with the pumping outlet through a third switch 700.
When collecting the ambient air, the workflow is: the second switching part 200 is opened, the third switching part 700 is opened, the fourth switching part 400 is closed, the second suction pump 620 is operated, and the piston 350 moves to the suction port until the vacuum pumping is completed;
then, the third switching element 700 is turned off, the first switching element 500 is turned on, and the fourth switching element 400 is turned off until the pressure in the gas path body is balanced with the atmospheric pressure.
It should be noted that, the third switch member 700 and the fourth switch member 400 may be switch valves, and the switch valves may be butterfly valves, ball valves, and the like, which are not limited herein.
Finally, the detection air path body 600 is utilized to complete the measurement of the ambient air, so that the detection result of the ambient air and the detection structure of the alveolar air can be comprehensively considered, and the accuracy of the final detection result can be improved.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a third embodiment and a fourth embodiment are provided, in which another gas storage 300 is used as a detection gas path, and the gas storage 300 includes a gas bag having at least one gas tap, and the gas tap is connected to a filtering portion to form a gas inlet 320.
In the initial state, the air bag is in a shrunken state, and particularly, the air in the air bag can be exhausted through vacuumizing, so that the air bag meets the zero capacity requirement.
More specifically, the air bag can be a single-air-nozzle air bag or a multi-air-nozzle air bag; when the air bag is a single air nozzle air bag, the air nozzle of the single air nozzle air bag is connected with the detection air path body 600 through the first switch piece 500 and the air inlet 320 through the second switch piece 200.
When the air bag is a multi-air-nozzle air bag, the detection air circuit body 600 is connected with the corresponding air nozzle pipe exercise stage through the first switch piece 500, and the air inlet 320 is connected with the corresponding air inlet 320 pipe through the second switch piece 200. It should be noted that, even if the air bag is a multi-nozzle air bag, the detection air path body 600 and the air inlet 320 may be connected to the same nozzle.
It is easy to understand that the air storage 300 adopts an air bag, and is only replaced daily, so that maintenance is not required, and the use is more convenient.
As shown in fig. 7, when the gas to be detected is the exhaust gas exhaled by the patient, the detection gas path further includes a gas exhaust member 800, and the gas exhaust member 800 is connected to the gas inlet 320, and the gas exhaust member 800 can at least separate the channel gas in the exhaust gas flowing through the gas inlet 320.
It is easy to understand that the waste gas of human body exhalations comprises alveolar gas which is consumed by human body physiology and cavity gas which only enters the trachea of the human body but does not participate in human body physiological reaction, wherein the alveolar gas is an effective component for disease detection. Accordingly, the exhaust device 800 discharges the channel gas, so that the detection gas path body 600 can detect only the effective components in the exhaust gas. That is, after the airway gas in the exhaust gas exhaled from the human body is exhausted, the gas to be detected that enters the gas storage chamber 310 is only alveolar gas, so that the alveolar gas can be prevented from being diluted by the airway gas. The exhaust member 800 may be a physical exhaust member or a chemical exhaust member, and is not particularly limited as long as the exhaust member can exhaust the channel gas.
As shown in fig. 7, on the basis of the above embodiment, the air discharging part 800 includes a direction valve 820 and a first suction pump 830, and the air inlet 320 is respectively pipe-connected with the first suction pump 830 and the air storage chamber 310 through the direction valve 820, and the direction valve 820 is configured to: the intake port 320 can be switched at least between a state of communication with the air storage chamber 310 and a state of communication with the first suction pump 830.
In the initial stage of human body expiration, the air inlet 320 is connected with the first suction pump 830 by the reversing valve 820, and the air inlet 320 is kept disconnected from the air storage cavity 310, so that the cavity air exhaled by the human body can be exhausted by the first suction pump 830, and the condition that the cavity air enters the air storage cavity 310 to cause inaccurate detection results of the detection air circuit body 600 is avoided; and when the first suction pump 830 is used for pumping and discharging for a certain time, the reversing valve 820 is used for switching on the air inlet 320 and the air storage cavity 310, so that the air inlet 320 and the first suction pump 830 are kept switched off, and then the alveolar air exhaled by the human body can enter the air storage cavity 310, and then the effective components in the waste gas exhaled by the human body can be detected only by the gas circuit body 600, so that the accuracy of the detection result is kept.
For example, the first suction pump 830 may be a medical vacuum pump, but is not limited to this type, and may be a suction fan, for example, without being limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 7, the exhaust member 800 further includes, on the basis of the above embodiment: an exhalation monitor sensor 810, the exhalation monitor sensor 810 being connected to the gas inlet 320, the exhalation monitor sensor 810 being capable of acquiring the gas flow and/or pressure conditions of the gas inlet 320.
The flow or pressure of the gas at the inlet 320 is acquired using the exhalation monitoring sensor 810, the ultimate purpose of which is to acquire whether an exhalation signal is present at the inlet 320. When the exhalation monitoring sensor 810 detects the exhalation signal, the first suction pump 830 may be started manually, and the reversing valve 820 is only connected to the air inlet 320 and the first suction pump 830, so that the cavity gas exhaled by the human body in the initial stage of exhalation is exhausted, so as to avoid the cavity gas entering the air storage cavity 310 to affect the detection result.
Alternatively, in other embodiments, the reversing valve 820 is an electric reversing valve, such as an electric three-way valve, and the electric three-way valve and the suction pump are respectively electrically connected to the exhalation monitoring sensor 810 through the controller based on the above embodiments; that is, the exhalation monitoring sensor 810 transmits the monitored exhalation signal to the controller, and if there is an exhalation signal, the controller sends instructions to the first suction pump 830 and the electric reversing valve 820, turns on the air inlet 320 and the first suction pump 830, and starts the first suction pump 830 to pump the exhaled airway gas into the initial stage of human exhalation at the air inlet 320; preferably, the pumping time is set so that after the airway gas is substantially exhausted, the controller drives the electric directional valve 820 to connect the air inlet 320 to the air storage chamber 310, so that the alveolar gas exhaled by the human body can enter the air storage chamber 310. The specific way how to set the pumping time in the controller is the routine technology of those skilled in the art, for example, the controller can be a PLC programmable controller, and the staff can modify parameters.
In this embodiment, the monitoring sensor includes a pressure gauge, a flow meter, and CO 2 At least one of a sensor, etc. Wherein, because the above-mentioned parts are the existing parts, its mounting structure and principle are not repeated.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an exhalation diagnostic apparatus including a processor, a display, and a detection circuit, the detection circuit including a detection tube, a detection module 610, and a second suction pump 620, the detection module 610 being electrically connected to the display through the processor so that it can display a detection result on the display, as disclosed above. Wherein, the exhaust end of detecting tube is provided with the ooff valve, perhaps will have the second suction pump 620 of break-make air current function and install in the exhaust end to guarantee to wait to detect the gas and can remain in the detecting tube, avoid revealing and influence the testing result.
Of course, in other embodiments, the display may not be provided, and the detection result may be directly printed by providing the printing device.
Because the above-mentioned detection gas circuit has the above-mentioned technical effects, the exhalation diagnostic apparatus including the detection gas circuit should have the same technical effects, and will not be described in detail herein.
Any particular values in all examples shown and described herein are to be construed as merely illustrative and not a limitation, and thus other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A detection air circuit, the detection air circuit comprising:
the detection gas circuit body is provided with a gas inlet end and can receive and detect gas to be detected;
the gas storage device comprises a gas storage piece and a first switch piece, wherein the gas storage piece is arranged at the gas inlet end through the first switch piece and is provided with a gas storage cavity capable of receiving the gas to be detected; wherein the gas storage chamber is configured to: the capacity of the gas storage cavity can be changed along with the inlet and outlet of the gas to be detected, and the gas storage cavity has a zero capacity state; and
the first switch is configured to: at least the on-off state between the air storage cavity and the detection air circuit body can be switched;
the gas storage piece is provided with a gas inlet communicated with the gas storage cavity, the detection gas circuit further comprises a second switch piece, the second switch piece is arranged on the gas inlet, and the second switch piece is configured to be capable of switching on-off states of the gas inlet;
the gas storage member includes:
the body is provided with a piston cavity, and the two opposite ends of the piston cavity are respectively provided with the air inlet and the air outlet;
the piston is in sliding fit with the piston cavity, and is provided with a sealing structure which can be matched with the piston cavity to form reciprocating dynamic seal; wherein the piston and the piston cavity are positioned at one end of the air inlet to form the air storage cavity;
the detection gas circuit further comprises a third switch piece and a fourth switch piece, a balance cavity is formed at one end of the piston and the piston cavity, which is located at the gas outlet, and the detection gas circuit body is connected with the balance cavity through the third switch piece; the fourth switch piece is provided with the air outlet; wherein the third switch is configured to: at least the on-off state between the balance cavity and the detection gas circuit can be switched;
the fourth switch is configured to: at least the on-off state of the air outlet can be switched;
the detection gas circuit body comprises a detection pipe, a detection module and a second suction pump, wherein the detection pipe is used for flowing gas to be detected, the detection pipe is sequentially connected with the detection module and the second suction pump, and then the gas to be detected is conveyed to the detection module through the detection pipe, and the detection module can detect the gas to be detected; the second suction pump can pump out the gas in the detection tube before detection;
when the gas to be detected is the exhaust gas exhaled by the patient, the detection gas circuit further comprises:
the exhaust piece is connected with the air inlet and can at least separate cavity gas in the exhaust gas flowing through the air inlet;
the exhaust member includes:
the air inlet is connected with the first suction pump and the air storage cavity through the reversing valve, and the reversing valve is configured to: the air inlet can be switched at least between a state in which it communicates with the air storage chamber and a state in which it communicates with the first suction pump.
2. The detection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a humidity adjustment member coupled to the gas storage member, the humidity adjustment member capable of adjusting the humidity of the gas to be detected within the gas storage chamber.
3. The detection air path according to claim 2, wherein the humidity adjusting member comprises a filtering portion, the air storage member is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air storage cavity, the filtering portion is connected with the air inlet, and the filtering portion can at least filter out water vapor in the air to be detected flowing through the air inlet.
4. The detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the vent further comprises:
and the expiration monitoring sensor is connected with the air inlet and can acquire the gas flow and/or pressure state of the air inlet.
5. An exhalation diagnostic instrument, characterized in that it comprises the detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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