CN102749415A - Expired air analysis device and method - Google Patents
Expired air analysis device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102749415A CN102749415A CN201110101083XA CN201110101083A CN102749415A CN 102749415 A CN102749415 A CN 102749415A CN 201110101083X A CN201110101083X A CN 201110101083XA CN 201110101083 A CN201110101083 A CN 201110101083A CN 102749415 A CN102749415 A CN 102749415A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an expired air analysis device and method. The expired air analysis device comprises an expiration unit, a chemical sensor unit, a signal transmission unit and an evaluation unit. The expiration unit includes an expired air sample introduction apparatus for discharging expired air into the chemical sensor unit. The chemical sensor unit includes a chemical sensor chamber equipped with a chemical sensor array consisting of at least one chemical sensor, and a sensor measuring device for measuring the interaction between the expired air and the chemical sensor array. The signal transmission unit sends a signal output by the sensor measuring device to the evaluation unit, which receives the signal from the signal transmission unit and makes an evaluation. The expired air analysis method is accomplished by using the expired air analysis device. The device of the invention has the advantages of low cost, high accuracy, and generation of data with comparability, thus being suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the medical science detection range, relate in particular to a kind of breath analysis apparatus and method.
Background technology
In recent years, the application of breath analysis in medical science and clinicopathologia receives the many concerns of People more and more.Expiratory measurements all has great potential in medical diagnosis on disease and monitor treatment.Compare with other classic methods such as blood count and urine examinations, the breath analysis right and wrong are invasive, real-time, and minimum to the personnel's of object and collected specimens injury.
Existing report points out, the nitrogen monoxide of exhalation, hydrogen, ammonia, carbon monoxide, sulfide is with relevant with people's health status like some VOCs such as acetone, pentanes, and can be used as the medical biotechnology characteristic of some diseases.For example, nitrogen monoxide mainly produces in bronchi, its can be measured to detect asthma or other are the disease of characteristic with the respiratory inflammation; The content of isoprene will be lower than the content of normal person in exhaling in the patient that the cystic fibrosis acute respiration increases the weight of the phase exhales; Pentane and carbon disulphide content during the schizophreniac exhales are higher; Content of acetone during the diabetic exhales is than normal person's height; Ammonia content during the nephrotic exhales improves greatly.
In the past few decades, many conventional equipments are used for the composition that the analyst exhales, for example gas chromatography (GC) appearance and Electronic Nose (electronic nose).GC can provide high-precision measurement, but cost is high, consuming time and be not easy to use.Compare with GC, Electronic Nose is simpler method, and it is low, fast and the advantage of easy operating to have a cost.Yet when utilizing Electronic Nose to gather the smell data, Different researchers is deferred to different standard for manual sampling; Therefore the data of their collection there are differences on a lot of attributes; The dimension of data for example, duration of ventilation, and SF; Thereby the data that each researcher gathers do not have comparability, can't share with other people.In addition, Electronic Nose is a kind of general gas analyzing apparatus, and its sensor array is listed in and has satisfied requirement widely in the design; For example be used for coffee, wine, the detection of vinegar etc.; And this popularity has weakened it in the advantage of exhaling in detecting, and causes it not high enough in the accuracy of exhaling in detecting.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention will solve is; Defective to GC cost height in the prior art and Electronic Nose poor accuracy; Composition in analyze exhaling and can characterizing on the basis of gas ingredients of disease; The special chemical sensor of selecting these compositions sensitivities provides the breath analysis device that a kind of cost is low and have pin-point accuracy simultaneously.
The technical matters that the present invention further will solve is, a kind of exhaled breath analysis method also is provided.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, according to the present invention, a kind of breath analysis device is provided, said breath analysis device comprises expiration unit, chemical sensor unit, signal transmission unit and evaluation unit,
Said expiration unit comprises the expiration sampling device that is used for expiration is entered said chemical sensor unit;
Said chemical sensor unit comprises the chemical sensor chamber that is provided with the chemical sensor array that is made up of a plurality of chemical sensors and is used to measure the interactional sensor surveying unit between expiration and the chemical sensor array;
Said signal transmission unit is transferred to said evaluation unit with the signal of said sensor surveying unit output;
Said evaluation unit receives signal and makes an appraisal from said signal transmission unit.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, said expiration unit also comprises the expiration harvester, said expiration harvester comprises the gas sampling bag that is connected through connecting pipe respectively, be used for removing the drying box and the blow gun of the water vapour of expiration; Perhaps, said expiration harvester comprises gas sampling bag, aspiration pump and the air taking port that is connected through connecting pipe respectively.
Breath analysis device of the present invention; Wherein, Said expiration sampling device comprises base, be arranged on guide rail above the base, be slidably disposed on the shifting board on the guide rail and be arranged on the fixed dam of guide rail one end regularly, and said baffle plate is provided with the opening that connecting pipe can pass.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, said chemical sensor chamber be shaped as sphere or ellipse.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, said chemical sensor unit also comprises the temperature control equipment of the working temperature that is used to control chemical sensor.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, said evaluation unit also comprises the data store of the exhalation data that is used for storing in advance.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, according to the present invention, a kind of exhaled breath analysis method is provided also, said exhaled breath analysis method comprises:
The expiration acquisition step is used for gathering and exhales;
Measuring process is used to measure the dynamic response between chemical sensor array and the expiration and export signal;
Evaluation procedure is used to receive signal and makes an appraisal.
Exhaled breath analysis method of the present invention, preferably, said evaluation procedure comprises:
Receive signal;
From the signal that receives, extract characteristic;
The characteristic that to from the signal that receives, extract is made comparisons with the characteristic of from the signal of given data, extracting;
Provide evaluation according to a last step.
Breath analysis device of the present invention utilizes cheap chemical sensor to detect the composition in exhaling; On the one hand, compare the remarkable cost that reduced with gas chromatography, on the other hand; Because the special chemical sensor of selecting to be used for breath analysis of the present invention; Compare with Electric nose of the prior art system, breath analysis device of the present invention has better response to the composition in exhaling, thereby has higher accuracy.
The shape of breath analysis device chemical sensor of the present invention is set to sphere or ellipse; And being shaped as of the transducer room in the commercial Electric nose system of prior art is square; Can know according to experimental result; When the expiration in the transducer room was discharged, the corner of expiration meeting in square chamber left tangible residual quantity and is difficult to discharge fully; Yet for spherical or oval-shaped transducer room, exhaling is difficult in transducer room, stop, thus the chamber of emptying whole sensor in a short period of time.
Breath analysis device of the present invention contains two kinds of different expiration harvesters, and the object of gathering of exhaling can be selected for use according to condition of different, to collect respectively from the expiration of respiratory tract or from the expiration in the lung.
Breath analysis device of the present invention also comprises the expiration sampling device, carries out speed program capable of using and controls, to realize auto injection.Utilize this expiration sampling device can guarantee that all exhalation data all gather under same standard, thereby obtain intercomparable normal data.
Breath analysis device of the present invention can be used as doctor's complementary diagnostic tool, also can be used as the health examination appearance of family expenses, also can be used for scientific research simultaneously, as the instrument of analysis of respiratory gas.
Description of drawings
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that the present invention is described further below, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of exhaled breath analysis method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of the preferred embodiment of breath analysis device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of chemical sensor chamber;
Fig. 4 is the generalized schematic according to the expiration harvester of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the generalized schematic according to the expiration harvester of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the generalized schematic according to the expiration sampling device of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 illustrates typical response curve;
Fig. 8 a illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to healthy subjects;
Fig. 8 b illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to the diabetic;
Fig. 8 c illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to the nephrotic;
Fig. 8 d illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to the respiratory inflammation patient.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of exhaled breath analysis method of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of the preferred embodiment of breath analysis device of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of chemical sensor chamber; Fig. 4 is the generalized schematic according to the expiration harvester of one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 5 is the generalized schematic according to the expiration harvester of another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 6 is the generalized schematic according to the expiration sampling device of one embodiment of the invention.
Breath analysis device of the present invention comprises expiration unit, chemical sensor unit, signal transmission unit and evaluation unit.The expiration unit comprises expiration sampling device 60 (referring to Fig. 6) and the sampling device 23 (referring to Fig. 2) of exhaling out; The expiration that the expiration sampling device will be gathered enters the chemical sensor chamber 22 (referring to Fig. 2) of chemical sensor unit; To utilize 21 pairs of expiration of chemical sensor array to analyze, constitute chemical sensor array 21 by at least one chemical sensor.The sampling device of exhaling out will be exhaled and from the chemical sensor chamber 22 of chemical sensitisation unit, discharged, so that new expiration sample is analyzed.
Fig. 6 has illustrated out an embodiment of expiration sampling device 60, and is as shown in the figure, and expiration sampling device 60 comprises fixed dam 61, shifting board 62, base 63 and guide rail 64.Guide rail 64 is positioned at base 64 tops, and fixed dam 61 is fixed on an end of guide rail 64, and shifting board 62 can slide on guide rail 64.In addition, fixed dam 61 is provided with opening, slit or hole (being slit among Fig. 6), passes to make things convenient for the connecting pipe on the gas sampling bag.Shifting board 62 can move with same speed through for example electrical motor driven.With the expiration sample introduction in the gas sampling bag in chemical sensor chamber 22 time; Gas sampling bag 41 is placed between fixed dam 61 and the shifting board 62; And stretch out the slit of connecting pipe from fixed dam 61 with gas sampling bag 41, be communicated with the import of chemical sensor chamber 22.Then, the A of shifting board 62 from figure moves towards B, and the expiration in the expiration collection bag is discharged in the chemical sensor chamber 22 of chemical sensor unit.Because size, the thickness of the gas sampling bag that uses are identical, and the translational speed of shifting board 62 fixes, and sample introduction speed and sample injection time during each expiration sample introduction all remain unchanged, and have guaranteed all specimens of breath sample introduction in an identical manner thus.Correspondingly, because identical standard is all adopted in the collection of the expiration of all samplings, has comparability between the data that guaranteed to obtain.
Kind unit 23 of exhaling out is used for after breath analysis finishes, with the expiration emptying in the chemical sensor chamber 22.As shown in Figure 2, kind unit 23 of exhaling out can be a pump for example, releases from chemical sensor chamber 22 exhaling.
In addition, expiration unit further comprises the expiration harvester.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show two embodiment 40 and 50 of expiration harvester respectively.As shown in Figure 4, expiration harvester 40 comprises gas sampling bag 41, be used for removing the drying box 42 and the blow gun 43 of the water vapour of expiration, and the three links to each other through bubble-tight connecting pipe respectively.Gas sampling bag 41 is Tedlar (Tedlar) gas sampling bags of for example 600ml, and drying box 42 has impermeability, and the inner disposable absorbent material of placing is used for absorbing the contained water vapour of expiration, and blow gun 43 is disposable blow guns.For suffering from the patient who exchanges relevant some diseases with blood and between exhaling, they are capable of using should to collect expiration by expiration harvester 40.During collection, at first deeply breathe, will exhale then firmly blows in the gas sampling bag 41.
The chemical sensor unit comprises chemical sensor chamber 22 and sensor surveying unit 25; Be provided with the chemical sensor array 21 (referring to Fig. 3) that constitutes by at least one chemical sensor in this chemical sensor chamber 22, exhale in chemical sensor chamber 22 and the expiratory phase interaction.25 of sensor surveying units are used for measuring interactional dynamic response between chemical sensor chamber 22 chemical sensor arrays 21 and the expiration, and send a signal to evaluation unit 29.
The shape of chemical sensor chamber 22 is set to shapes such as sphere or oval ball sphere, thereby makes the total inner surface of chemical sensor chamber all demonstrate streamlined, rather than square that kind, has very significantly corner, is easy to make gas hold-up therein.Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of chemical sensor chamber 22, and it is spherical, comprises import 34 and outlet 35.On the sidewall of chemical sensor chamber 22, be provided with the base 32 that is used for fixing chemical sensor; In addition; On the inwall of chemical sensor chamber 22, also be coated with Teflon (Teflon) material, with guarantee chemical sensor chamber 22 high temperature resistant and not with analyte generation chemical reaction.
In addition, the chemical sensor unit further comprises the temperature control equipment 24 of the working temperature that is used to control chemical sensor.Temperature control equipment 24 assurance chemical sensors are worked under stable temperature.
Chemical sensor comprises the inboard that is arranged in chemical sensor chamber 22, the top 30 that contacts with the expiration of being analyzed and the afterbody 31 that is fixed on base 32, and afterbody 31 can link to each other with sensor surveying unit 25 with temperature control equipment 24.Though 12 chemical sensors have been shown among Fig. 3; The TGS2201, TGS2600, TGS2602, TGS2610, TGS2610RU, TGS2611, TGS2600, TGS821, TGS4161, TGS822, TGS825 and the TGS826 that produce of Figaro USA Inc for example; But be to be understood that; The quantity of chemical sensor is not limited thereto, and can optionally be provided with arbitrarily.
The signal that transmission unit sends sensor surveying unit 25 is transferred to evaluation unit (among Fig. 2 29), and is as shown in Figure 2, provided a kind of concrete example.Under this situation; Transmission unit comprises wave filter 26, signal amplifier 27 and modulus (A/D) converter 28, and wherein, wave filter 26 is low-pass filters; Be used for removing the HFS of sensor signal; Signal amplifier 27 is used for the sensor signal after filtering is amplified, and A/D converter 28 is used at the sampling frequency place of 9Hz sensor signal being sampled, and will transfer to evaluation unit 29 (being computing machine among Fig. 2) through for example USB interface through the signal of sampling.
The signal that evaluation unit 29 pre-service and storage receive is further handled.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 exhaled breath analysis method of the present invention is described; This exhaled breath analysis method comprises the expiration acquisition step that is used to gather expiration, be used to measure chemical sensor and exhale between dynamic response and send the measuring process of signal and be used to the evaluation procedure that receives signal and make an appraisal.As shown in Figure 1, at first, utilize the collection of expiration harvester to exhale, expiration is entered (expiration acquisition step) in the chemical sensor chamber 22; Then, measure through the dynamic response between 25 pairs of chemical sensor arrays 21 of chemical sensor and the expiration, and send signal (measuring process); After evaluation unit 29 receives signal, signal is carried out a series of processing, with make an appraisal (evaluation procedure).Evaluation unit 29 is handled the signal of sampling after receiving signal, and extracts the characteristic of the unknown sample signal of gathering.Simultaneously, also from the expiration sample data storehouse of known disease/state, extract the characteristic of known disease/state sample signal.Then, the characteristic of the signal of measuring and known signal characteristic are compared, calculate difference between the two, last, unknown sample is classified as immediate disease/status categories.
Fig. 7 illustrates the typical response curve.As shown in Figure 7, exhale in the chemical sensor chamber 22 with chemical sensor array that chemical sensor array 21 constitutes between interaction pass through the following different stage:
-10～0s (original state): air pump 23 is in running order, extracts clean air to clean chemical sensor chamber 22, and chemical sensor array 21 is in initial steady state (SS) at this moment;
1～5s (expiration sample introduction stage 70): close air pump 23, expiration sampling device 60 is started working, and chemical sensor chamber 22 is inserted in the expiration of collecting, and sensor signal rises rapidly;
6～10s (with the gas reaction stage 71): gas sampling finishes, and chemical sensor array 21 fully reacts with expiration, and sensor signal rises to maximal value;
15～90s (signal recovers the stage 72): open air pump 23, extract residual gas in the chemical sensor chamber 22, clean chemical sensor chamber 22, this moment, the signal of sensor returned to initial value gradually.
Fig. 8 a illustrates the figure of chemical sensor to the typical response of healthy subjects expiration; Fig. 8 b illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to the diabetic; Fig. 8 c illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to the nephrotic, and Fig. 8 d illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to the respiratory inflammation patient.Among the figure, S1-S12 representes 12 chemical sensors response amplitude separately respectively.Relatively these figure can find that breath analysis device of the present invention has evident difference for the response of the specimen of breath of various disease.
The above is merely representative embodiment of the present invention, does not limit the present invention in any way, and all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is equal to replacement or improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a breath analysis device is characterized in that, said breath analysis device comprises expiration unit, chemical sensor unit, signal transmission unit and evaluation unit,
Said expiration unit comprises the expiration sampling device that is used for expiration is entered said chemical sensor unit;
Said chemical sensor unit comprises the chemical sensor chamber that is provided with the chemical sensor array that is made up of at least one chemical sensor and is used to measure the interactional sensor surveying unit between expiration and the chemical sensor array;
Said signal transmission unit is transferred to said evaluation unit with the signal of said sensor surveying unit output;
Said evaluation unit receives signal and makes an appraisal from said signal transmission unit.
2. breath analysis device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said expiration unit also comprises the expiration harvester, and said expiration harvester comprises the gas sampling bag that is connected through connecting pipe respectively, be used for removing the drying box and the blow gun of the water vapour of expiration.
3. breath analysis device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said expiration unit also comprises the expiration harvester, and said expiration harvester comprises gas sampling bag, aspiration pump and the air taking port that is connected through connecting pipe respectively.
4. according to each described breath analysis device of claim 2-3; It is characterized in that; Said expiration sampling device comprises base, be arranged on guide rail above the base, be slidably disposed on the shifting board on the guide rail and be arranged on the fixed dam of guide rail one end regularly, and said baffle plate is provided with the opening that connecting pipe can pass.
5. breath analysis device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said chemical sensor chamber be shaped as sphere or oval spherical.
6. breath analysis device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said chemical sensor unit also comprises the temperature control equipment of the working temperature that is used to control chemical sensor.
7. breath analysis device according to claim 1 is characterized in that said evaluation unit also comprises the data store of the exhalation data that is used for storing in advance.
8. an exhaled breath analysis method is characterized in that, said exhaled breath analysis method comprises:
The expiration acquisition step is used for gathering and exhales;
Measuring process is used to measure the dynamic response between chemical sensor array and the expiration and export signal;
Evaluation procedure is used to receive signal and makes an appraisal.
9. exhaled breath analysis method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said evaluation procedure comprises:
Receive signal;
From the signal that receives, extract characteristic;
The characteristic that to from the signal that receives, extract is made comparisons with the characteristic of from the signal of given data, extracting; Provide evaluation according to a last step.
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| CN103245705A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-08-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Detection system for expired gas |
| CN104049077A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-17 | 安徽养和医疗器械设备有限公司 | Helicobacter pylori detector |
| CN104101518A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-15 | 安徽养和医疗器械设备有限公司 | Sampling bag for expiration tester |
| CN106062558A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-10-26 | 松下健康医疗控股株式会社 | Expired gas measuring device and method for controlling expired gas measuring device |
| CN106841325A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-13 | 西安交通大学 | One kind is based on semiconductor gas sensor array detection exhaled gas device |
| CN107490501A (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-19 | 戴诺赛恩斯公司 | For analyzing the gas collector and method of human breathing sample |
| CN108279300A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-07-13 | 许昌义 | Drunk driving detection machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103245705A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-08-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Detection system for expired gas |
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| CN107490501A (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-19 | 戴诺赛恩斯公司 | For analyzing the gas collector and method of human breathing sample |
| CN107490501B (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2019-11-01 | 戴诺赛恩斯公司 | For analyzing the gas collector and method of human breathing sample |
| CN106841325A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-13 | 西安交通大学 | One kind is based on semiconductor gas sensor array detection exhaled gas device |
| CN108279300A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-07-13 | 许昌义 | Drunk driving detection machine |
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