CN102749415B - Expired air analysis device and method - Google Patents
Expired air analysis device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102749415B CN102749415B CN201110101083.XA CN201110101083A CN102749415B CN 102749415 B CN102749415 B CN 102749415B CN 201110101083 A CN201110101083 A CN 201110101083A CN 102749415 B CN102749415 B CN 102749415B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an expired air analysis device and method. The expired air analysis device comprises an expiration unit, a chemical sensor unit, a signal transmission unit and an evaluation unit. The expiration unit includes an expired air sample introduction apparatus for discharging expired air into the chemical sensor unit. The chemical sensor unit includes a chemical sensor chamber equipped with a chemical sensor array consisting of at least one chemical sensor, and a sensor measuring device for measuring the interaction between the expired air and the chemical sensor array. The signal transmission unit sends a signal output by the sensor measuring device to the evaluation unit, which receives the signal from the signal transmission unit and makes an evaluation. The expired air analysis method is accomplished by using the expired air analysis device. The device of the invention has the advantages of low cost, high accuracy, and generation of data with comparability, thus being suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical science, particularly relate to a kind of breath analysis apparatus and method.
Background technology
In recent years, the application of breath analysis in medical science and clinicopathologia is subject to people and more and more pays close attention to.Expiratory measurements all has huge potentiality in medical diagnosis on disease and monitor treatment.Compared with other classic methods such as blood count and urine examination, breath analysis right and wrong are invasive, real-time, and minimum to the injury of the personnel of object and collected specimens.
Have been reported and point out, the nitrogen monoxide of exhalation, hydrogen, ammonia, carbon monoxide, sulfide, and can as the medical biotechnology features of some diseases with such as some volatile organic compounds such as acetone, pentane are relevant to the health status of people.Such as, nitrogen monoxide mainly produces in bronchi, and it can be measured to detect asthma or other take respiratory inflammation as the disease of feature; The content increasing the weight of isoprene in the patient expiration of phase at cystic fibrosis acute respiration will lower than the content in normal person's expiration; Schizophreniac exhale in pentane and carbon disulphide content higher; Content of acetone during diabetic exhales is than the height of normal person; Ammonia content during nephrotic exhales improves greatly.
In the past few decades, many conventional equipments are used for the composition that analyst exhales, such as gas chromatography (GC) instrument and Electronic Nose (electronic nose).GC can provide high-precision measurement, but cost high, consuming time and be not easy to use.Compared with GC, Electronic Nose is simpler method, has cost low, fast and be easy to the advantage that operates.But, when utilizing Electronic Nose to gather odor data, different researchers defers to different standard for manual sampling, therefore the data that they gather there are differences on a lot of attribute, the dimension of such as data, duration of ventilation, and sample frequency, thus the data that each researcher gathers do not have comparability, cannot share with other people.In addition, Electronic Nose is a kind of general gas analyzing apparatus, and its sensor array meets requirement widely in design, such as coffee, wine, the detection of vinegar etc., and this popularity, weaken it and exhaling the advantage in detecting, cause it not high enough in the accuracy in detecting of exhaling.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, the defect of and Electronic Nose poor accuracy high for GC cost in prior art, analyzing the composition in exhaling and can characterize on the basis of gas ingredients of disease, special selection, to the chemical sensor of these composition sensitivities, provides a kind of cost low and has the breath analysis device of pin-point accuracy simultaneously.
The technical matters that the present invention will solve further is, also provides a kind of exhaled breath analysis method.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, according to the present invention, provide a kind of breath analysis device, described breath analysis device comprises expiration unit, chemical sensor unit, signal transmission unit and evaluation unit,
Described expiration unit comprises the expiration sampling device for expiration being entered in described chemical sensor unit;
Described chemical sensor unit comprises the chemical sensor room that is provided with the chemical sensor array be made up of multiple chemical sensor and for measuring the interactional sensor surveying unit between expiration and chemical sensor array;
The Signal transmissions that described sensor surveying unit exports by described signal transmission unit is to described evaluation unit;
Described evaluation unit is from described signal transmission unit Received signal strength and make an appraisal.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, described expiration unit also comprises exhalation test device, described exhalation test device comprise be connected respectively by connecting pipe gas sampling bag, for removing drying box and the blow gun of the water vapour in expiration; Or described exhalation test device comprises the gas sampling bag, aspiration pump and the air taking port that are connected respectively by connecting pipe.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, described expiration sampling device comprises base, be arranged on the guide rail of submounts, be slidably disposed on the shifting board on guide rail and be arranged on the fixed dam of guide rail one end regularly, and described baffle plate is provided with the opening that connecting pipe can pass.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, the shape of described chemical sensor room is spherical or oval.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, described chemical sensor unit also comprises the temperature control equipment of the working temperature for controlling chemical sensor.
Breath analysis device of the present invention, wherein, described evaluation unit also comprises the data store for the exhalation data prestored.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, according to the present invention, also provide a kind of exhaled breath analysis method, described exhaled breath analysis method comprises:
Exhalation test step, for gathering expiration;
Measuring process, for measure chemical sensor array and exhale between dynamic response and output signal;
Evaluation procedure, to make an appraisal for Received signal strength.
Exhaled breath analysis method of the present invention, preferably, described evaluation procedure comprises:
Received signal strength;
Feature is extracted from the signal received;
The feature extracted from the signal received and the feature extracted from the signal of given data are made comparisons;
Evaluation is provided according to previous step.
Breath analysis device of the present invention utilizes cheap chemical sensor to detect the composition in exhaling, on the one hand, cost is significantly reduced compared with gas chromatography, on the other hand, because the present invention selects the chemical sensor for breath analysis especially, compared with Electric nose system of the prior art, breath analysis device of the present invention has better response to the composition in expiration, thus has higher accuracy.
The shape of chemical sensor is set to spherical or oval by breath analysis device of the present invention, and the shape of transducer room in the commercial Electric nose system of prior art is square, experimentally result is known, when the expiration in transducer room being discharged, expiration can leave obvious residual quantity at the corner of square room and be difficult to discharge completely; But, for spherical or oval transducer room, exhale and be difficult to stop in transducer room, thus can emptying whole transducer room in a short period of time.
Breath analysis device of the present invention contains two kinds of different exhalation test devices, and the object of exhalation test can be selected according to different situations, to collect respectively from the expiration of respiratory tract or from the expiration in lung.
Breath analysis device of the present invention also comprises expiration sampling device, carries out speed and program can be utilized to control, to realize auto injection.Utilize this expiration sampling device can ensure that all exhalation data all gather under same standard, thus obtain intercomparable normal data.
Breath analysis device of the present invention as the complementary diagnostic tool of doctor, can also can be used as the health examination instrument of family expenses, also can be used for scientific research, as the instrument of analysis of respiratory gas simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of exhaled breath analysis method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of the preferred embodiment of breath analysis device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of chemical sensor room;
Fig. 4 is the generalized schematic of the exhalation test device according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the generalized schematic of the exhalation test device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the generalized schematic of the expiration sampling device according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 illustrates typical response curve;
Fig. 8 a illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to Healthy People;
Fig. 8 b illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to diabetic;
Fig. 8 c illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to nephrotic;
Fig. 8 d illustrates the typical response figure of chemical sensor to respiratory inflammation patient expiration.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of exhaled breath analysis method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of the preferred embodiment of breath analysis device of the present invention, Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of chemical sensor room, Fig. 4 is the generalized schematic of the exhalation test device according to one embodiment of the invention, Fig. 5 is the generalized schematic of the exhalation test device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 6 is the generalized schematic of the expiration sampling device according to one embodiment of the invention.
Breath analysis device of the present invention comprises expiration unit, chemical sensor unit, signal transmission unit and evaluation unit.Expiration unit comprises expiration sampling device 60 (see Fig. 6) and sampling device 23 (see Fig. 2) of exhaling out, the expiration of collection is entered the chemical sensor room 22 (see Fig. 2) of chemical sensor unit by expiration sampling device, to utilize chemical sensor array 21 to analyze expiration, form chemical sensor array 21 by least one chemical sensor.Sampling device of exhaling out is discharged in the chemical sensor room 22 of the chemically sensing unit of exhaling, to analyze new expiration sample.
Fig. 6 has illustrated out an embodiment of expiration sampling device 60, and as shown in the figure, expiration sampling device 60 comprises fixed dam 61, shifting board 62, base 63 and guide rail 64.Guide rail 64 is positioned at above base 64, and fixed dam 61 is fixed on one end of guide rail 64, and shifting board 62 can slide on guide rail 64.In addition, fixed dam 61 is provided with opening, slit or hole (being slit in Fig. 6), passes to facilitate the connecting pipe on gas sampling bag.Shifting board 62 can pass through such as electrical motor driven, moves with same speed.By in the expiration sample introduction in gas sampling bag to chemical sensor room 22 time, gas sampling bag 41 is placed between fixed dam 61 and shifting board 62, and the connecting pipe of gas sampling bag 41 is stretched out from the slit fixed dam 61, with the inlet communication of chemical sensor room 22.Then, shifting board 62 moves from the A in figure towards B, and the expiration in exhalation test bag is discharged in the chemical sensor room 22 of chemical sensor unit.Because the size of gas sampling bag, the thickness that use are identical, and the translational speed of shifting board 62 is fixing, and sample introduction speed during each expiration sample introduction and sample injection time all remain unchanged, and ensure that all specimens of breath sample introduction in an identical manner thus.Correspondingly, because the collection of the expiration of all samplings all adopts identical standard, ensure that, between the data that obtain, there is comparability.
Exhale sample unit 23 out for after breath analysis terminates, by emptying for the expiration in chemical sensor room 22.As shown in Figure 2, sample unit 23 of exhaling out can be such as pump, to be released by chemically transducer room 22 of exhaling.
In addition, expiration unit can also comprise exhalation test device.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively illustrates two embodiments 40 and 50 of exhalation test device.As shown in Figure 4, exhalation test device 40 comprises gas sampling bag 41, for removing drying box 42 and the blow gun 43 of the water vapour in expiration, three is connected respectively by bubble-tight connecting pipe.Gas sampling bag 41 is Tedlar (Tedlar) gas sampling bags of such as 600ml, and drying box 42 has impermeability, and inner placement disposable absorbent material, for absorbing water vapour contained in expiration, blow gun 43 is disposable blow guns.For suffer from blood and exchange relevant some diseases between exhaling patient for, they can utilize this exhalation test device 40 to collect and exhale.During collection, first deeply breathe, then expiration is firmly blown in gas sampling bag 41.
As shown in Figure 5, the difference of itself and exhalation test device 40 is exhalation test device 50, instead of the drying box 42 for removing the water vapour in expiration with pump 51.Pump 51 for being retracted to expiration in gas sampling bag 41 from the mouth of patient.When characteristic gas is present in respiratory tract or oral cavity, such as respiratory tract infection, asthma and ephrosis, need the expiration gathering patient with the breathing gas harvester 50 shown in Fig. 5.Now patient does not need to exhale, and only needs to aim at disposable blow gun and opens face, and the gas in patient oral cavity can be drawn in gas sampling bag by pump 51 automatically.
Chemical sensor unit comprises chemical sensor room 22 and sensor surveying unit 25, be provided with the chemical sensor array 21 (see Fig. 3) be made up of at least one chemical sensor in this chemical sensor room 22, exhale in chemical sensor room 22 with expiratory phase interaction.Sensor surveying unit 25 for measuring in chemical sensor room 22 chemical sensor array 21 and interactional dynamic response between exhaling, and sends a signal to evaluation unit 29.
The shape of chemical sensor room 22 is set to the shapes such as spherical or oval ball is spherical, thus makes the whole inside surface of chemical sensor room all present streamlined, instead of square, has obviously corner, is easy to gas is trapped in wherein.Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of chemical sensor room 22, and it is spherical, comprises import 34 and outlet 35.The sidewall of chemical sensor room 22 is provided with the base 32 for fixing chemical sensor, in addition, the inwall of chemical sensor room 22 is also coated with Teflon (Teflon) material, with ensure chemical sensor room 22 high temperature resistant and not with analyte generation chemical reaction.
In addition, chemical sensor unit can also comprise the temperature control equipment 24 of the working temperature for controlling chemical sensor.Temperature control equipment 24 ensures that chemical sensor works at stable temperature.
The afterbody 31 that chemical sensor comprises the inner side being arranged in chemical sensor room 22, the top 30 contacted with analyzed expiration and is fixed on base 32, afterbody 31 can be connected with sensor surveying unit 25 with temperature control equipment 24.Although illustrated 12 chemical sensors in Fig. 3, TGS2201, TGS2600, TGS2602, TGS2610, TGS2610RU, TGS2611, TGS2600, TGS821, TGS4161, TGS822, TGS825 and TGS826 that such as Figaro USA Inc produces, but be to be understood that, the quantity of chemical sensor is not limited thereto, and can optionally arrange arbitrarily.
The Signal transmissions that sensor surveying unit 25 sends by transmission unit, to evaluation unit (in Fig. 2 29), as shown in Figure 2, gives a kind of concrete example.In this situation, transmission unit comprises wave filter 26, signal amplifier 27 and modulus (A/D) converter 28, wherein, wave filter 26 is low-pass filters, for removing the HFS in sensor signal, signal amplifier 27 is for amplifying the sensor signal after filtration, and A/D converter 28 is sampled to sensor signal for the sampling frequency place at 9Hz, and the signal through sampling is transferred to evaluation unit 29 (being computing machine in Fig. 2) by such as USB interface.
Evaluation unit 29 pre-service also stores the signal received, and is further processed.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, exhaled breath analysis method of the present invention is described, this exhaled breath analysis method comprises exhalation test step for gathering expiration, for measuring chemical sensor and dynamic response between exhaling send the measuring process of signal, with for Received signal strength and the evaluation procedure of making an appraisal.As shown in Figure 1, first, utilize the collection of exhalation test device to exhale, expiration is entered (exhalation test step) in chemical sensor room 22; Then, measured by the dynamic response between chemical sensor 25 pairs of chemical sensor arrays 21 and expiration, and send signal (measuring process); After evaluation unit 29 receives signal, a series of process is carried out to signal, with make an appraisal (evaluation procedure).Evaluation unit 29 upon receipt of the signals, processes the signal of sampling, and extracts the feature of the unknown sample signal gathered.Meanwhile, from the expiration sample data storehouse of known disease/state, also extract the feature of known disease/state sample signal.Then, the feature of the signal of measurement and known signal characteristic are compared, calculate difference between the two, finally, unknown sample is classified as immediate disease/status categories.
Fig. 7 illustrates typical response curve.As shown in Figure 7, the interaction of exhaling in chemical sensor room 22 between the chemical sensor array formed from chemical sensor array 21 is through the following different stage:
-10 ~ 0s (original state): air pump 23 is in running order, extract clean air to clean chemical sensor room 22, chemical sensor array 21 is now in initial steady state (SS);
1 ~ 5s (expiration sample introduction stage 70): close air pump 23, expiration sampling device 60 is started working, and chemical sensor room 22 is inserted in the expiration of collecting, and sensor signal rises rapidly;
6 ~ 10s (with the gas reaction stage 71): gas sampling terminates, and chemical sensor array 21 and expiration are fully reacted, and sensor signal rises to maximal value;
15 ~ 90s (signal recuperation stage 72): open air pump 23, extracts gas residual in chemical sensor room 22, and cleaning chemical sensor room 22, now the signal of sensor returns to initial value gradually.
Fig. 8 a illustrates the figure of chemical sensor to the typical response that Healthy People is exhaled, Fig. 8 b illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to diabetic, Fig. 8 c illustrates the typical response figure that chemical sensor is exhaled to nephrotic, and Fig. 8 d illustrates the typical response figure of chemical sensor to respiratory inflammation patient expiration.In figure, S1-S12 represents 12 chemical sensors response amplitude separately respectively.Relatively these figure can find, breath analysis device of the present invention has obvious difference for the response of the specimen of breath of various disease.
The foregoing is only representative embodiment of the present invention, do not limit the present invention in any way, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement or improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a breath analysis device, is characterized in that, described breath analysis device comprises expiration unit, chemical sensor unit, signal transmission unit and evaluation unit,
Described expiration unit comprises the expiration sampling device for expiration being entered in described chemical sensor unit, described expiration sampling device comprises the first base, be arranged on the guide rail of described first submounts, be slidably disposed on the shifting board on described guide rail and be arranged on the fixed dam of described guide rail one end regularly, and described fixed dam is provided with the opening that connecting pipe can pass;
Described chemical sensor unit comprises the chemical sensor room that is provided with the chemical sensor array be made up of at least one chemical sensor and for measuring the interactional sensor surveying unit between expiration and chemical sensor array, the shape of described chemical sensor room is spherical or oval spherical, the sidewall of described chemical sensor room is provided with the second base for fixing chemical sensor, and described chemical sensor comprises the inner side being arranged in chemical sensor room, the top contacted with analyzed expiration and is fixed on the afterbody of described second base;
The Signal transmissions that described sensor surveying unit exports by described signal transmission unit is to described evaluation unit, and described signal transmission unit comprises wave filter for removing the HFS in sensor signal, A/D converter for the sensor signal amplifying signal amplifier after filtering and being used for being sampled to sensor signal at sampling frequency place;
Described evaluation unit is from described signal transmission unit Received signal strength and make an appraisal.
2. breath analysis device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described expiration unit also comprises exhalation test device, described exhalation test device comprise be connected respectively by connecting pipe gas sampling bag, for removing drying box and the blow gun of the water vapour in expiration.
3. breath analysis device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described expiration unit also comprises exhalation test device, and described exhalation test device comprises the gas sampling bag, aspiration pump and the air taking port that are connected respectively by connecting pipe.
4. breath analysis device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described chemical sensor unit also comprises the temperature control equipment of the working temperature for controlling chemical sensor.
5. breath analysis device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described evaluation unit also comprises the data store for the exhalation data prestored.
6. an exhaled breath analysis method, is characterized in that, use as the breath analysis device in Claims 1 to 5 as described in any one, described exhaled breath analysis method comprises:
Exhalation test step, for gathering expiration;
Measuring process, for measure chemical sensor array and exhale between dynamic response and output signal;
Evaluation procedure, to make an appraisal for Received signal strength.
7. exhaled breath analysis method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described evaluation procedure comprises:
Received signal strength;
Feature is extracted from the signal received;
The feature extracted from the signal received and the feature extracted from the signal of given data are made comparisons;
Evaluation is provided according to previous step.
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| CN201110101083.XA CN102749415B (en) | 2011-04-21 | 2011-04-21 | Expired air analysis device and method |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103245705A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-08-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Detection system for expired gas |
| EP3124968B8 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2018-07-04 | PHC Holdings Corporation | Exhalation measuring device and method for controlling exhalation measuring device |
| CN104049077A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-17 | 安徽养和医疗器械设备有限公司 | Helicobacter pylori detector |
| CN104101518A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-15 | 安徽养和医疗器械设备有限公司 | Sampling bag for expiration tester |
| US10178963B1 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2019-01-15 | Dynosense, Corp. | Gas collection apparatus and method to analyze a human breath sample |
| CN106841325B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2019-10-11 | 西安交通大学 | One kind being based on semiconductor gas sensor array detection exhaled gas device |
| CN108279300A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-07-13 | 许昌义 | Drunk driving detection machine |
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