CN114195489A - 一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法 - Google Patents
一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940045860 white wax Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical group [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PSUYMGPLEJLSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium zirconium Chemical compound [V].[V].[Zr] PSUYMGPLEJLSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical group OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(O)=O JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc. Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000007676 flexural strength test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及陶瓷材料领域,具体为一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,称取原料并干燥,将除氧化铝之外的原料加入球磨机中,再加入水和球磨介质,球后干燥,得到第一粉料,将氧化铝、第一粉料、油酸加入球磨机中,继续球磨18‑20h,得到第二粉料;将第二粉料与白蜡、蜂蜡混合造粒、压片得到坯体,将坯体先进行超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再进行短时热脱蜡,经清灰﹑修坯后,将坯体装入高温窑烧结,按本发明方法所制备的陶瓷保险管瓷体具有良好的力学性能,且导热系数较高,在保险管工作时瓷体内部热量能及时释放,提高了陶瓷保险管的分断能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料领域,具体为一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作 方法。
背景技术
保险管是指一种安装在电路中,保证电路安全运行的电器元件,当电 路发生故障或异常时,伴随着电流不断升高,并且升高的电流有可能损坏 电路中的某些重要器件、烧毁电路甚至造成火灾时,那么保险管内部的熔 丝就会在电流异常升高到一定的高度和热度的时候,熔断以切断电流,从 而起到保护电路安全运行的作用。
现在市场上陶瓷保险管的构造一般是由两端引线含铁帽、瓷体、熔丝、 环氧树脂组成,熔丝与铁帽之间需要用焊锡焊接,但是目前保险管瓷体的 致密度偏高,散热性差,导致在工作时保险管瓷体内部热量不能及时释放, 降低了分断能力。
发明内容
发明目的:针对上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种高分断陶瓷保险管 瓷体的制作方法。
所采用的技术方案如下:
一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法:
S1:按以下重量份数称取原料并干燥:
氧化铝80-100份、滑石粉1-3份、碳酸钙1-2份、高岭土1-2份、钒锆 黄1-2份、二氧化钛1-2份、硅酸锆2-4份、碳粉6-10份、烧结助剂1-1.5 份;
S2:将除氧化铝之外的原料加入球磨机中,再加入水和球磨介质,球 磨15-18h后干燥,得到第一粉料;
S3:将氧化铝、第一粉料、油酸加入球磨机中,继续球磨18-20h,得 到第二粉料;
S4:将第二粉料与白蜡、蜂蜡混合造粒、压片得到坯体,将坯体先进 行超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再进行短时热脱蜡,经清灰﹑修坯后,将坯体装 入高温窑烧结,初段烧结温度为1200-1300℃,通入氮气作为烧结气体,初 段烧结时间为1-1.5h,终段烧结温度为1650-1700℃,通入氮气和氧气按体 积比1-3:1-3组成的混合气体作为烧结气体,终段烧结时间为1-2h,烧结结 束后降温出窑。
进一步地,所述烧结助剂为氟化钙、碳酸锂。
进一步地,所述氟化钙、碳酸锂的质量比为1:1-1.5。
进一步地,所述球磨介质为碳酸氢盐。
本发明所述碳酸氢盐是指碳酸形成的酸式盐,含有碳酸氢根离子,如 碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢铵等,碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳 酸氢钙、碳酸氢铵只是作为举例,并不以此为限。
进一步地,所述球磨介质为碳酸氢铵。
进一步地,S2中除氧化铝之外的原料与水的质量比为1:3-4,所述球磨 介质用量为水质量的0.2-0.5%。
进一步地,S3中所述油酸用量为350-400mL/100kg原料。
进一步地,S4中白蜡用量为第二粉料质量的10-12%,蜂蜡用量为第二 粉料质量的1-2%。
进一步地,超临界CO2流体脱蜡时压力为20-40MPa,CO2流速为为 1-1.5L/h,温度为45-65℃,时间为2-4h,短时热脱蜡的温度为900-950℃, 时间为1-3h,超临界CO2流体脱蜡在超临界流体萃取系统中进行,脱蜡时 将坯体置于萃取罐中。
进一步地,初段烧结时的升温速度为1-2℃/min,终段烧结时的升温速 度为3-6℃/min。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供了一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,氧化铝是 保险管瓷体常用的基体材料,但是虽然氧化铝价格低廉,力学性能良 好,但是其热导率较低,所制备的保险管瓷体致密度偏高,散热性差, 工作时瓷体内部热量不能及时释放,降低了分断能力,氮化铝具有优 异的导热性能,是氧化铝良好的改性材料,但是发明人经过测试,氮 化铝直接加入效果不理想,经过工艺改进,利用碳粉高温化还原再氮 化的方式,使生成的氮化铝与氧化铝形成固溶体,提升了陶瓷保险管 瓷体的力学性能和导热性能,氟化钙、碳酸锂的加入,可以调节瓷体 的致密度,提高热导率,另外,发明人采取超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再 进行短时热脱蜡的方法,可以缩短排蜡时间,避免长时间高温排蜡对 晶粒生长的不利影响,按本发明方法所制备的陶瓷保险管瓷体具有良 好的力学强度,且导热系数较高,在保险管工作时瓷体内部热量能及 时释放,提高了陶瓷保险管的分断能力。
具体实施方式
实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。 所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产 品。
实施例1:
一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法:
称取原料并干燥:氧化铝100份、滑石粉3份、碳酸钙2份、高岭土2 份、钒锆黄1份、二氧化钛2份、硅酸锆4份、碳粉10份、氟化钙0.5份、 碳酸锂0.5份,将除氧化铝之外的原料加入球磨机中,再加入4倍于其质量 的水和碳酸氢铵,碳酸氢铵用量为水质量的0.5%,球磨15h后干燥,得到 第一粉料,将氧化铝、第一粉料、油酸加入球磨机中,继续球磨20h,得到第二粉料,油酸用量为400mL/100kg原料,将第二粉料与白蜡、蜂蜡混合 造粒,15MPa、120℃下热压10min得到坯体,白蜡用量为第二粉料质量的 12%,蜂蜡用量为第二粉料质量的1%,将坯体先置于超临界流体萃取系统 的萃取罐中进行超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再进行短时热脱蜡,超临界CO2流 体脱蜡时压力为25MPa,CO2流速为为1.5L/h,温度为65℃,时间为4h, 短时热脱蜡的温度为950℃,时间为2h,再经清灰﹑修坯后,将坯体装入 高温窑烧结,先以1.5℃/min的速度升温至1250℃,进行初段烧结,初段烧 结时氮气作为烧结气体,初段烧结时间为1.5h,再以5℃/min的速度升温至1700℃,进行终段烧结,终段烧结时氮气和氧气按体积比1:1组成的混合 气体作为烧结气体,终段烧结时间为2h,烧结结束后降温出窑即可。
实施例2:
一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法:
称取原料并干燥:氧化铝100份、滑石粉3份、碳酸钙2份、高岭土2 份、钒锆黄2份、二氧化钛2份、硅酸锆4份、碳粉10份、氟化钙0.5份、 碳酸锂0.5份,将除氧化铝之外的原料加入球磨机中,再加入4倍于其质量 的水和碳酸氢铵,碳酸氢铵用量为水质量的0.5%,球磨18h后干燥,得到 第一粉料,将氧化铝、第一粉料、油酸加入球磨机中,继续球磨20h,得到第二粉料,油酸用量为400mL/100kg原料,将第二粉料与白蜡、蜂蜡混合 造粒,15MPa、120℃下热压10min得到坯体,白蜡用量为第二粉料质量的 12%,蜂蜡用量为第二粉料质量的2%,将坯体先置于超临界流体萃取系统 的萃取罐中进行超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再进行短时热脱蜡,超临界CO2流 体脱蜡时压力为40MPa,CO2流速为为1.5L/h,温度为65℃,时间为4h, 短时热脱蜡的温度为950℃,时间为3h,再经清灰﹑修坯后,将坯体装入 高温窑烧结,先以2℃/min的速度升温至1300℃,进行初段烧结,初段烧 结时氮气作为烧结气体,初段烧结时间为1.5h,再以6℃/min的速度升温至 1700℃,进行终段烧结,终段烧结时氮气和氧气按体积比1:1组成的混合 气体作为烧结气体,终段烧结时间为2h,烧结结束后降温出窑即可。
实施例3:
一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法:
称取原料并干燥:氧化铝80份、滑石粉1份、碳酸钙1份、高岭土1 份、钒锆黄1份、二氧化钛1份、硅酸锆2份、碳粉6份、氟化钙0.5份、 碳酸锂0.5份,将除氧化铝之外的原料加入球磨机中,再加入3倍于其质量 的水和碳酸氢铵,碳酸氢铵用量为水质量的0.2%,球磨15h后干燥,得到 第一粉料,将氧化铝、第一粉料、油酸加入球磨机中,继续球磨18h,得到 第二粉料,油酸用量为350mL/100kg原料,将第二粉料与白蜡、蜂蜡混合 造粒,15MPa、120℃下热压10min得到坯体,白蜡用量为第二粉料质量的 10%,蜂蜡用量为第二粉料质量的1%,将坯体先置于超临界流体萃取系统 的萃取罐中进行超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再进行短时热脱蜡,超临界CO2流 体脱蜡时压力为20MPa,CO2流速为为1L/h,温度为45℃,时间为2h,短 时热脱蜡的温度为900℃,时间为1h,再经清灰﹑修坯后,将坯体装入高 温窑烧结,先以1℃/min的速度升温至1200℃,进行初段烧结,初段烧结 时氮气作为烧结气体,初段烧结时间为1h,再以3℃/min的速度升温至 1650℃,进行终段烧结,终段烧结时氮气和氧气按体积比1:2组成的混合 气体作为烧结气体,终段烧结时间为1h,烧结结束后降温出窑即可。
实施例4:
一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法:
称取原料并干燥:氧化铝100份、滑石粉1份、碳酸钙2份、高岭土1 份、钒锆黄2份、二氧化钛1份、硅酸锆4份、碳粉6份、氟化钙0.5份、 碳酸锂0.5份,将除氧化铝之外的原料加入球磨机中,再加入4倍于其质量 的水和碳酸氢铵,碳酸氢铵用量为水质量的0.2%,球磨18h后干燥,得到 第一粉料,将氧化铝、第一粉料、油酸加入球磨机中,继续球磨18h,得到第二粉料,油酸用量为400mL/100kg原料,将第二粉料与白蜡、蜂蜡混合 造粒,15MPa、120℃下热压10min得到坯体,白蜡用量为第二粉料质量的 10%,蜂蜡用量为第二粉料质量的2%,将坯体先置于超临界流体萃取系统 的萃取罐中进行超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再进行短时热脱蜡,超临界CO2流 体脱蜡时压力为20MPa,CO2流速为为1.5L/h,温度为45℃,时间为4h, 短时热脱蜡的温度为900℃,时间为3h,再经清灰﹑修坯后,将坯体装入 高温窑烧结,先以1℃/min的速度升温至1300℃,进行初段烧结,初段烧 结时氮气作为烧结气体,初段烧结时间为1h,再以6℃/min的速度升温至 1650℃,进行终段烧结,终段烧结时氮气和氧气按体积比3:1组成的混合 气体作为烧结气体,终段烧结时间为2h,烧结结束后降温出窑即可。
实施例5:
一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法:
称取原料并干燥:氧化铝80份、滑石粉3份、碳酸钙1份、高岭土2 份、钒锆黄1份、二氧化钛2份、硅酸锆2份、碳粉10份、氟化钙0.5份、 碳酸锂0.5份,将除氧化铝之外的原料加入球磨机中,再加入3倍于其质量 的水和碳酸氢铵,碳酸氢铵用量为水质量的0.5%,球磨15h后干燥,得到 第一粉料,将氧化铝、第一粉料、油酸加入球磨机中,继续球磨20h,得到第二粉料,油酸用量为350mL/100kg原料,将第二粉料与白蜡、蜂蜡混合 造粒,15MPa、120℃下热压10min得到坯体,白蜡用量为第二粉料质量的 12%,蜂蜡用量为第二粉料质量的1%,将坯体先置于超临界流体萃取系统 的萃取罐中进行超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再进行短时热脱蜡,超临界CO2流 体脱蜡时压力为40MPa,CO2流速为为1L/h,温度为65℃,时间为2h,短 时热脱蜡的温度为950℃,时间为1h,再经清灰﹑修坯后,将坯体装入高 温窑烧结,先以2℃/min的速度升温至1200℃,进行初段烧结,初段烧结 时氮气作为烧结气体,初段烧结时间为1.5h,再以3℃/min的速度升温至 1700℃,进行终段烧结,终段烧结时氮气和氧气按体积比1:3组成的混合 气体作为烧结气体,终段烧结时间为1h,烧结结束后降温出窑即可。
对比例1:
与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,不加入碳粉。
对比例2:
与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,不加入氟化钙和碳酸锂。
对比例3:
与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,不进行超临界CO2流体脱蜡。
性能测试:
按照本发明实施例1-5及对比例1-3方法制备试样,利用排水法测试烧 成试样的体积密度,按照GB/T4741-1999陶瓷材料抗弯强度试验方法测试 试样的抗弯强度σf,以压痕法试验测试试样的断裂韧度KIC,导热系数采用 激光导热系数测试仪进行测试。
测试结果如下表1所示:
表1:
由上表1可知,按本发明方法所制备的陶瓷保险管瓷体具有良好的力 学性能,且导热系数较高,在保险管工作时瓷体内部热量能及时释放,提 高了陶瓷保险管的分断能力。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照 前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解: 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分 技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本 质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,
S1:按以下重量份数称取原料并干燥:
氧化铝80-100份、滑石粉1-3份、碳酸钙1-2份、高岭土1-2份、钒锆黄1-2份、二氧化钛1-2份、硅酸锆2-4份、碳粉6-10份、烧结助剂1-1.5份;
S2:将除氧化铝之外的原料加入球磨机中,再加入水和球磨介质,球磨15-18h后干燥,得到第一粉料;
S3:将氧化铝、第一粉料、油酸加入球磨机中,继续球磨18-20h,得到第二粉料;
S4:将第二粉料与白蜡、蜂蜡混合造粒、压片得到坯体,将坯体先进行超临界CO2流体脱蜡后再进行短时热脱蜡,经清灰﹑修坯后,将坯体装入高温窑烧结,初段烧结温度为1200-1300℃,通入氮气作为烧结气体,初段烧结时间为1-1.5h,终段烧结温度为1650-1700℃,通入氮气和氧气按体积比1-3:1-3组成的混合气体作为烧结气体,终段烧结时间为1-2h,烧结结束后降温出窑。
2.如权利要求1所述的高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,所述烧结助剂为氟化钙、碳酸锂。
3.如权利要求2所述的高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,所述氟化钙、碳酸锂的质量比为1:1-1.5。
4.如权利要求1所述的高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,所述球磨介质为碳酸氢盐。
5.如权利要求4所述的高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,所述球磨介质为碳酸氢铵。
6.如权利要求1所述高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,S2中除氧化铝之外的原料与水的质量比为1:3-4,所述球磨介质用量为水质量的0.2-0.5%。
7.如权利要求1所述高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,S3中所述油酸用量为350-400mL/100kg原料。
8.如权利要求1所述高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,S4中白蜡用量为第二粉料质量的10-12%,蜂蜡用量为第二粉料质量的1-2%。
9.如权利要求1所述高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,超临界CO2流体脱蜡时压力为20-40MPa,CO2流速为为1-1.5L/h,温度为45-65℃,时间为2-4h,短时热脱蜡的温度为900-950℃,时间为1-3h。
10.如权利要求1所述高分断陶瓷保险管瓷体的制作方法,其特征在于,初段烧结时的升温速度为1-2℃/min,终段烧结时的升温速度为3-6℃/min。
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CN111087227A (zh) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-05-01 | 东台施迈尔新材料科技有限公司 | 一种可快速烧制的陶瓷件组份料及制备方法 |
CN111675537A (zh) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-18 | 新化县天辰精密电子陶瓷有限公司 | 一种改性增韧氧化锆基陶瓷材料的制备方法及其产品 |
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CN115490503A (zh) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-20 | 娄底市海天特种陶瓷有限公司 | 一种陶瓷复合材料及熔断器瓷管 |
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