CN114158440A

CN114158440A - Rice seedling raising method

Info

Publication number: CN114158440A
Application number: CN202010949125.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵为民
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-10
Filing date: 2020-09-10
Publication date: 2022-03-11

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of rice seedling raising. A mechanical method for raising rice seedlings is disclosed, which includes such steps as mechanically ditching to obtain mud, mechanically making seedling bed, mechanically spreading seedling tray, mechanically automatically filling and scraping mud, automatically spreading seed paper, and mechanically raising rice seedlings. The invention mechanizes the whole process of the seedling raising process, reduces the links of preparing nutrient soil, avoiding darkening, hardening seedlings and the like compared with the traditional assembly line seedling raising, directly raises the seedling raising efficiency by one machine and two persons, greatly reduces labor, greatly improves the seedling rate of rice seeds, organically combines the printing seeding technology, the slurry seedling raising technology and the large seedling mechanical transplanting technology, and provides a very simple method for raising seedlings by mechanical transplanting. Because of using natural seedling bed soil, the seedlings are more adaptive, so that the seedlings emerge uniformly and are strong.

Description

Rice seedling raising method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a rice seedling raising method, and particularly relates to a rice seedling raising method of an automatic rice seedling raising machine for a rice seedling bed.

Background

The cultivation modes of rice include direct seeding, seedling throwing, artificial transplanting, mechanical transplanting and the like, and along with social development, mechanical rice transplanting becomes the necessity of rice production. At present, the rice mechanical transplanting and seedling raising is generally industrialized and streamlined blanket-shaped seedling raising, and has the defects of large capital investment, high labor demand, high labor intensity and high technical requirement, in particular: firstly, investing in factory buildings, renting fields, purchasing seeding production lines, forklifts, crushers and the like; secondly, a large amount of nutrient soil needs to be prepared in advance, the workload is large, and soil taking is difficult; thirdly, the matrix cost is high, the using technology is high, and the risk is large; fourthly, the assembly line work is more, and the carrying amount of the seedling tray is large. Due to the defects, the mechanical seedling transplanting is often blocked and is difficult to popularize in the seedling raising link.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mechanical seedling transplanting and raising method, so as to improve the seedling raising efficiency, reduce the seedling raising cost, reduce the manual work and labor intensity, and make the mechanical seedling transplanting and raising simpler, more efficient and better managed. Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

firstly, spinning a part 15-20cm deep on the surface of a rice seedling bed into paste, settling for two days, and draining water to a depth of 1-2 cm;

secondly, an automatic seedling raising machine for a seedling bed (patent application numbers: 2020106585480 and 2020213375976) is used, two persons are used on the machine, one person drives the machine, and the machine is operated by one person (a seedling conveying disc and slurry impurities are sorted at regular time);

during the running process of the automatic seedling raising machine, the machine can be made into a complete seedling bed through ditching and seedling bed making equipment;

fourthly, the seedling tray is placed on the seedling bed through the automatic conveying tray placing mechanism of the machine;

fifthly, the automatic seedling raising machine fills the treated impurity-free slurry into the seedling tray on the seedling bed and is scraped to be flat in the running process;

sixthly, when the automatic seedling raising machine is in the running process, taking mud, and making a seedling ditch with the width of 25-30cm and the depth of 15 cm;

seventhly, in the running process of the automatic seedling raising machine, printing and seeding seed paper is reversely paved on a seedling tray filled with slurry, the seed paper quickly absorbs water and is completely adhered to the slurry of the seedling tray through a spraying and pressing device, so that seeds can be fully contacted with the surface of the slurry and can absorb enough water, and the seeds cannot sink into the slurry too deep to influence germination;

after the machine operation is carried out, the seed paper is paved on all the seedling trays, the irrigation water is fully submerged on the surfaces of the seedling trays for 1 day so as to ensure that the seeds fully absorb the water;

ninthly, discharging water after 1 day of irrigation, and reserving water to submerge the seedling bed for 1-2cm, wherein the standard is that the surface of the seed paper is continuously moist and not submerged;

after spreading seed paper at the front of the seedling tray for 2-3 days, the paper is removed, the seeds and paper are completely separated, and uniformly dropped on the surface of seedling tray. At the moment, the seedling ditches are full of water, the seedling tray soil is wet, and tens of millions of surfaces of the seedling tray are free of open water and accumulated water; after one week, the rice seedlings are dry, wet and then enter the conventional rice seedling bed management.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a machine has two persons, ditching for making a seedling bed, sending a tray and placing a tray, dredging for pulping, filling slurry and seeding in the seedling raising process are completed synchronously, the seedling raising efficiency is greatly improved, the labor is greatly reduced, the seedling rate of rice seeds is greatly improved, the printing seeding technology, the slurry seedling raising technology and the large seedling machine transplanting technology are organically combined, a simple method is provided for machine transplanting seedling raising, and seedlings are uniform and strong.

Detailed Description

The following will clearly and completely describe the specific technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a rice seedling raising method, which comprises the following concrete implementation steps:

the first step is as follows: the rice field with convenient traffic, proper position, regular field block, flat field surface, convenient irrigation and drainage and suitable area is selected in advance as the rice seedling field. The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out rotary tillage twice at intervals 15 days before formal seedling raising operation, rotating the 15-20cm deep part of the surface of a seedling bed into paste two days before seedling raising, settling for two days, and draining for 1-2cm deep for later use;

the second step is as follows: an automatic seedling raising machine for a seedling bed (patent application numbers: 2020106585480, 2020213375976) is used, two persons are arranged on the machine, one person drives the machine, one person operates the machine (seedling conveying disc and regularly sorts slurry impurities), and a linear long distance is selected to be used as a seedling bed according to the shape of a field block and the position of water outlet and water inlet;

the third step: during the running process of the automatic seedling raising machine, a flat seedling bed with the upper surface being 70cm wide and the lower bottom being 80cm wide is manufactured through seedling bed manufacturing equipment of the machine, the cross section of the seedling bed is trapezoidal, and the upper surface is 10cm wider than a seedling tray;

the fourth step: the seedling trays are neatly and tightly placed on the seedling bed through the automatic tray feeding and placing mechanism and the tray fixing equipment of the machine, and waiting for filling of slurry;

the fifth step: the fourth step is completed in the running process of the automatic rice seedling raising machine, and the treated impurity-free slurry is naturally filled into the rice seedling tray through gravity and is scraped fully and leveled;

a sixth step: during the running process of the automatic seedling raising machine, the chain bucket rotates linearly to take mud, and a seedling ditch with the width of 25-30cm and the depth of 15cm is formed while taking mud and is compacted by the running crawler belt, so that the water is drained and irrigated very conveniently, and good basic conditions are established for aligning and strengthening seedlings;

a seventh step of: the automatic seedling raising machine finishes the work of making a seedling bed, arranging a tray, filling slurry, scraping fully and leveling, and the step is that rolled seed paper printed and sown is synchronously and reversely paved on the seedling tray filled with the slurry through the walking of a machine, and then the seed paper quickly absorbs water and is completely stuck on the slurry of the seedling tray through a spraying and pressing device, so that the seeds can fully contact with the surface of the slurry, the seeds can fully absorb the water, and the seeds cannot sink into the slurry too deeply to affect germination;

an eighth step: through machine operation, after all the seedling trays are paved with the seed paper, water is immediately filled and completely submerged on the surfaces of the seedling trays for 1 day, the water is not too deep and only the paper is submerged, so that the seeds can fully absorb the water;

a ninth step: draining after irrigating for 1 day, reserving water to submerge the seedling bed for 1-2cm, not submerging the seedling tray, taking the standard that the seed paper is continuously moist and not submerged, paying close attention to the fact that the paper cannot be deficient, if the water is dry, immediately replenishing water to make the paper moist, but not submerging the paper, even if the paper is partially submerged;

a tenth step: and (3) removing the paper after the seed paper is laid for 2-3 days, wherein the seeds and the paper are completely separated and can uniformly fall onto the surface of the seedling tray, and the seeds begin to germinate and reveal white due to sufficient moisture and heat preservation and moisture preservation of the paper laid. Meanwhile, the seedling ditches are ensured to be full of water or water and the seedling tray soil is only wet, the surface of the seedling tray is not required to have open water and accumulated water, and the water content of the seedling soil in the seedling tray is kept between 30 and 40 percent; after one week, the rice seedlings are dry, wet and then enter the conventional rice seedling bed management.

Claims

1. A rice seedling raising method is characterized in that the whole process of ditching, ridging, mud taking and pulping, placing a plate and filling the pulp, and paper spreading and sowing is completed at one time, and the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, advancing in a seedling bed by using a seedling raising machine, and excavating mud by running a chain bucket of the seedling raising machine to finish ditching and ridging, wherein the width of each ditch is 25-30CM, the depth of each ditch is 15CM, a seedling bed is formed between every two ditches, and the width of the seedling bed is 70-80 CM;

step 2, step 1, preliminarily forming a seedling bed, and leveling the surface of the seedling bed through seedling bed preparation equipment at the bottom of a seedling raising machine in the advancing process of the seedling raising machine;

step 3, conveying, stirring, crushing and filtering the dug ditch mud while ditching in the step 1 to finish mud taking and pulping;

step 4, finishing the integral fabrication of the seedling bed through the step 1 and the step 2, and when the seedling raising machine advances, the seedling raising machine seedling plate conveying system conveys the seedling plates to the seedling bed in a neat and tight manner and transversely;

step 5, the mud prepared in the step 2 is sequentially filled into the seedling trays placed on the seedling bed in the step 4 by the walking of the seedling raising machine, and the mud of the seedling trays is scraped fully by a scraping device;

and 6, completing the steps, and simultaneously performing paper-spreading seeding work, namely, moving the seeds printed on the special paper through a seedling raising machine, and completely and tightly spreading the paper adhered with the seeds on a seedling tray filled with slurry.

2. A rice seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 6, after the seed paper is paved, completely spraying the paved paper by a spraying system equipped with the seedling raising machine, and pressing the seed paper by using a roller wider than the seedling tray to completely bond the wet paper and the surface of the slurry of the seedling tray.