CN114148208A - Battery capacity adjusting method and device for electric automobile - Google Patents
Battery capacity adjusting method and device for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN114148208A CN114148208A CN202111391755.5A CN202111391755A CN114148208A CN 114148208 A CN114148208 A CN 114148208A CN 202111391755 A CN202111391755 A CN 202111391755A CN 114148208 A CN114148208 A CN 114148208A
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 83
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for adjusting battery capacity of an electric automobile, comprising the following steps: A. b, judging that the electric automobile needs to rent or return the battery unit, if yes, entering a step B, and if yes, entering a step D; B. preparing a proper number of battery units by the adjusting station; C. after the electric automobile starts the installation space and position calibration is carried out, placing and fixing the prepared battery unit in the installation space by the mechanical arm to form a power supply unit and entering the step E; D. after the electric automobile starts the installation space, the adjusting station carries out position calibration through a first recognition device arranged on the mechanical arm, and then the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit in the installation space and enters the step E; E. the electric automobile drives away from the regulation station. The invention can realize the adjustment of the battery capacity of the electric automobile with low cost and high efficiency, effectively solve the problem of long-distance conversion driving of the automobile and avoid the long-distance anxiety of a driver caused by the problems of battery endurance and the like of the automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for adjusting battery capacity of an electric automobile.
Background
With the proposition of energy conservation and emission reduction and green and environment-friendly traffic concepts, the electric automobile is greatly developed as a new energy vehicle in recent years, and the reserve of the electric automobile is continuously increased. But the battery problem of the electric vehicle also occurs. Due to the fact that the supply of battery cruising and charging equipment is limited, and the cruising ability and the consumption cost of the vehicle battery are obviously different in short-distance and long-distance driving, the vehicle is difficult to meet the requirement of conversion use between the short-distance and the long-distance. Therefore, at the present stage, drivers need to face the problems of whether the vehicles need to be charged, searching for charging areas and staying in fixed places for charging at any time during long-distance driving, so that most electric vehicle drivers have long-distance anxiety of vehicle battery continuation. How to realize the battery capacity expansion of the electric automobile with low cost and high efficiency and effectively solve the problem of long-distance and short-distance conversion driving of the automobile becomes one of important influence factors for further popularization and development of the electric automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for adjusting the battery capacity of an electric automobile, which can realize the adjustment of the battery capacity of the electric automobile with low cost and high efficiency, effectively solve the problem of long-distance conversion driving of vehicles and avoid long-distance anxiety of a driver caused by the problems of battery endurance and the like of the automobile.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a battery capacity adjusting method of an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
A. b, the electric automobile drives into a regulation station, the regulation station judges whether the electric automobile needs to rent the battery unit or return the battery unit according to reservation information of the electric automobile, if the electric automobile needs to rent the battery unit, the step B is carried out, and if the electric automobile needs to return the battery unit, the step D is carried out;
B. the adjusting station prepares a proper number of battery units according to the reservation information;
C. after the electric automobile starts an installation space for placing a battery unit, the adjustment station carries out position calibration through a first recognition device arranged on a mechanical arm, the mechanical arm puts the prepared battery unit into the installation space and fixes the prepared battery unit on a corresponding position to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is detachably and conductively connected with an electric quantity detection module, a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric automobile respectively, a first controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the driving mechanism in series, a second controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the charging interface in series, the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module, and the step E is carried out;
when more than two battery units are arranged, the mechanical arm controls the adjacent two battery units to be detachably connected in a conductive manner by the matching of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism so as to realize the series connection of the battery units;
D. after the electric automobile starts the installation space, the adjusting station carries out position calibration through a first recognition device arranged on the mechanical arm, and then the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit in the installation space and enters the step E;
E. the electric automobile drives away from the regulation station.
Further, in the step B, battery units having a plurality of different capacities in the station are adjusted, and an appropriate number of battery units are prepared according to the rental capacity provided in the reservation information.
Furthermore, a control mechanism is arranged on the mechanical arm, the first recognition device comprises a plurality of first cameras arranged on the mechanical arm at intervals in a surrounding mode and a plurality of first infrared sensors arranged on the mechanical arm at intervals in a surrounding mode, and each first camera and each first infrared sensor are connected with the control mechanism.
Furthermore, the installation space is arranged at the head or the tail of the electric automobile, a plurality of installation positions are arranged in the installation space at intervals, each installation position is provided with a first electromagnet, and the bottom of the battery unit is provided with a first absorbing part which can be absorbed by the first electromagnet.
Furthermore, first coupling mechanism draws forth the piece including setting up the first piece of drawing forth on the battery unit, set up on first drawing forth piece and vertical upwards extension piece and set up respectively in the two arc spacing grooves that extend the piece both sides, and second coupling mechanism draws forth the piece including the second that sets up on the battery unit, the interval sets up on the second draws forth piece and vertical downwardly extending two clamping pieces and set up respectively in two clamping pieces inboard and with the stopper that the spacing groove matches, first, second draw forth the piece and be connected with the two poles of the earth electricity of battery unit respectively, in step C, the battery unit of putting into after the arm control makes its two clamping pieces overlap downwards on the extension piece of adjacent battery unit to make two stoppers block respectively into the spacing inslot.
Further, in the step C, after the battery unit is placed in the mounting position by the mechanical arm, the corresponding first electromagnet is electrified to fix the battery unit on the mounting position; and D, when the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit, the first electromagnet corresponding to the battery unit is powered off.
Further, the first connecting mechanism is arranged at the rear end and one side surface of the battery unit, and the second connecting mechanism is arranged at the front end and the other side surface of the battery unit.
Furthermore, the electric automobile comprises a vehicle-mounted battery, the vehicle-mounted battery is connected with the driving mechanism and the charging interface through a third controllable switch and a fourth driving mechanism respectively, and the third controllable switch and the fourth controllable switch are connected with the electric quantity detection module.
The invention is also realized by the following technical scheme:
a battery capacity adjusting apparatus of an electric vehicle having an installation space in which a battery unit is placed, the battery capacity adjusting apparatus comprising:
adjusting the station: the system comprises a mechanical arm, a control mechanism arranged on the mechanical arm, a first recognition device and a plurality of battery units, wherein the control mechanism judges that the electric automobile needs to rent or return the battery units according to reservation information of the electric automobile, if the battery units are rented, after the position of the electric automobile is calibrated through the first recognition device, the mechanical arm puts and fixes a proper number of battery units at corresponding positions in an installation space to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is detachably and electrically connected with an electric quantity detection module, a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric automobile respectively, a first controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the driving mechanism in series, a second controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the charging interface in series, and the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module; if the battery unit is returned, the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit in the installation space;
the battery unit is provided with the first coupling mechanism and the second coupling mechanism that match pairwise on the battery unit respectively, and power supply unit includes at least one battery unit, and when the battery unit was more than two, the electrically conductive connection can be dismantled through first, second coupling mechanism's cooperation to two adjacent battery units of arm control to realize the series connection of each battery unit.
Further, first coupling mechanism draws forth the piece including setting up the first piece of drawing forth on the battery unit, set up on first drawing forth piece and vertical upwards extension piece and set up respectively in the two arc spacing grooves that extend the piece both sides, second coupling mechanism draws forth the piece including the second that sets up on the battery unit, the interval sets up on the second draws forth piece and vertical downwardly extending two clamping pieces and set up respectively in two clamping pieces inboard and with the stopper that the spacing groove matches, it is first, the second draws forth the piece and is connected with the two poles of the earth electricity of battery unit respectively, during the connection, two clamping pieces of the battery unit of putting into after overlap downwards on the extension piece of adjacent battery unit, and make two stoppers block into the spacing inslot respectively.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the electric automobile needs to adjust the battery capacity, under the condition that a vehicle-mounted battery of the electric automobile is charged, sending reservation information to an adjusting station, wherein the reservation information comprises battery units needing to be rented or returned and the capacity of the battery units and the quantity of the rented or returned battery units, the adjusting station carries out different processing according to the reservation information, when the battery units need to be rented, preparing a proper quantity of battery units according to the capacity of the battery needing to be rented, putting and fixing the battery units into an installation space of the electric automobile by a mechanical arm to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is respectively detachably and conductively connected with a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric automobile, and is controlled by an electric quantity detection module of the electric automobile, a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch of the electric automobile, when the electric automobile is connected with a charging pile for charging, after the vehicle-mounted battery is fully charged, the electric quantity detection module controls the second controllable switch to be closed, the charging pile continues to charge the power supply unit, the electric quantity detection module controls the first controllable switch to be switched on after the electric quantity of the vehicle-mounted battery is used up in the driving process, the power supply unit supplies the electric quantity to the driving mechanism, and when the battery unit needs to be returned, the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit in the installation space, so that the battery capacity of the electric vehicle is adjusted with low cost and high efficiency, the problem of long-distance conversion driving of the vehicle is effectively solved, and the driver is prevented from generating long-distance anxiety due to the problems of battery endurance and the like of the vehicle; because the leased power supply unit can be charged in the electric vehicle, the battery unit placed in the adjusting station can be in a non-power or low-power state, so that the adjusting station only plays a role in allocating and storing the battery unit without ensuring that each battery unit is in a full-power state, the pressure of the adjusting station is greatly reduced, and lease service can be provided for more electric vehicles; the vehicle-mounted battery of the electric automobile is not replaced, and the newly added battery unit can directly supply power to the electric automobile, so that a user can purchase the electric automobiles with different brands and any battery capacities according to own preference and demand without worrying about the matching problem caused by directly replacing the vehicle-mounted battery in the prior art, and the user experience satisfaction is greatly improved; be provided with on the battery unit and match first coupling mechanism and second coupling mechanism in pairs, adjacent two battery units realize dismantling electrically conductive connection through first, second coupling mechanism's cooperation for battery unit's installation and dismantlement are all more convenient.
2. The battery units with various different capacities in the regulation site can effectively improve the flexibility of capacity regulation according to the lease capacity provided in the reservation information.
3. The mounting space of the electric vehicle is internally provided with a plurality of mounting positions, each mounting position is provided with a first electromagnet, the battery unit is placed on the mounting position and is adsorbed and fixed by the corresponding first electromagnet, when the battery unit is continuously placed, the mechanical arm enables the two clamping pieces of the second connecting mechanism of the battery unit which is placed later to be downwards sleeved on the extending piece of the adjacent battery unit (the adjacent battery unit can be adjacent in the front and back or adjacent in the left and right direction), and the limiting blocks on the inner sides of the two clamping pieces are respectively clamped into the limiting grooves, so that the series connection of the two battery units is completed, under the action of the first electromagnet, the matched limiting blocks and the limiting grooves, the stability of the connection of the battery units can be ensured, the condition that the battery units are in poor contact due to vibration generated in the driving process is avoided, when the battery unit needs to be dismounted, the first electromagnet corresponding to the battery unit is powered off, the arm exerts ascending power to this battery unit again, because of this battery unit adjacent battery unit still is adsorbed by its first electro-magnet that corresponds, so the arm can make clamping piece and extension piece separate fast, can demolish battery unit.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the battery unit being placed in the mounting position according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a series connection of battery cells according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a charging and power supplying circuit of the battery unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the robotic arm grasping a battery cell of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the grasping mechanism of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, an electric automobile; 11. an installation space; 12. an electric quantity detection module; 13. a drive mechanism; 14. a charging interface; 15. a vehicle-mounted battery; k3, a third controllable gate; k4, a fourth controllable switch; 2. a mechanical arm; 21. a vertical rod; 22. a first transverse articulated arm; 23. a second transverse articulated arm; 24. a first longitudinal articulated arm; 25. a second longitudinally articulated arm; 31. a first camera; 32. a first infrared sensor; 4. a grabbing mechanism; 41. a support shaft; 42. a rotating wheel; 43. a disc; 44. a second camera; 45. a second infrared sensor; 46. a second electromagnet; 50. a power supply unit; 5. a battery cell; 51. a first connecting mechanism; 511. a first lead-out sheet; 512. an extension piece; 513. a limiting groove; 52. a second connecting mechanism; 521. a second lead-out sheet; 522. a clip; 523. a limiting block; 524. a guide section; k1, a first controllable switch; k2, a second controllable switch.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the method for adjusting the battery capacity of the electric vehicle includes the steps of:
A. the electric automobile 1 drives into a regulation station under the condition that the vehicle-mounted battery 15 of the electric automobile is still electrified, the regulation station is provided with a fixed lane and a storage table, the regulation station judges whether the electric automobile 1 needs to rent the battery unit 5 or return the battery unit 5 according to reservation information of the electric automobile 1, if the electric automobile 1 needs to rent the battery unit 5, the step B is carried out, and if the electric automobile 1 returns the battery unit 5, the step D is carried out;
the adjusting station comprises a mechanical arm 2, a control mechanism arranged on the mechanical arm 2, a first identification device arranged on the mechanical arm 2, a grabbing mechanism 4 arranged at the end part of the mechanical arm 2 and a plurality of battery units 5, and reservation information of the electric automobile 1 is received by the control mechanism and comprises the battery units 5 needing to be rented or the battery units 5 returning, the capacity of rented batteries or the number of the battery units 5 returning, wherein under the condition of needing to be rented, the electric automobile 1 can indicate the capacity only in the reservation information or explicitly indicate the number of the batteries needing to be rented;
B. the capacities of the plurality of battery units 5 in the adjusting station are not completely the same, namely the battery units 5 with different capacities are arranged in the adjusting station, the reservation information sent by the electric automobile 1 is received by the control mechanism on the mechanical arm 2, the staff of the adjusting station can prepare a proper number of battery units 5 according to the specific requirements of the reservation information, the prepared battery units 5 are placed on the storage table and positioned in the grabbing range of the mechanical arm 2, and the electric automobile 1 can also be stopped just in the operating range of the mechanical arm 2 through the guidance of a fixed lane; the process that the electric automobile 1 sends out the reservation information and is received by the control mechanism is the prior art;
C. in order to place the rented battery unit 5, an installation space 11 is arranged on the electric vehicle 1, the installation space 11 can be arranged at the head or tail of the electric vehicle 1, a free space exists at the head or tail of the existing electric vehicle 1, the installation space 11 can be formed by utilizing the space, more specifically, the bottom of the installation space 11 is divided into a plurality of installation positions at intervals, each installation position is provided with a first electromagnet, each first electromagnet is powered by a vehicle-mounted battery 15 of the electric vehicle 1, the power on/off of each first electromagnet is controlled by a control system of the electric vehicle 1, and the connection between each first electromagnet and the vehicle-mounted battery 15 and the process of controlling the power on/off of each first electromagnet by the control system are the prior art;
after the electric automobile 1 opens the installation space 11, after the position calibration is performed by the first recognition device, the first recognition device comprises a plurality of first cameras 31 arranged on the mechanical arm 2 at intervals and a plurality of first infrared sensors 32 arranged on the mechanical arm 2 at intervals, the first infrared sensors 32 are positioned below the cameras, each first camera 31 and each first infrared sensor 32 are connected with the control mechanism, the installation position where the current battery unit 5 is placed is calibrated through the cooperation of the first camera 31, the first infrared sensor 32 and the control mechanism, then the mechanical arm 2 is controlled to rotate by a corresponding angle according to the installation position so as to accurately place the battery unit 5 on the corresponding installation position, the bottom of the battery unit 5 is provided with a first suction part which can be adsorbed by the first electromagnet, after the battery unit 5 is placed on the installation position, the corresponding first electromagnet is electrified, so that the battery unit 5 is attracted by the first electromagnet; the first suction attachment may be a metal sheet; after all the battery units 5 are placed into the corresponding mounting positions by the mechanical arm 2, a power supply unit 50 is formed; the electric automobile 1 comprises a vehicle-mounted battery 15, an electric quantity detection module 12, a driving mechanism 13 and a charging interface 14, wherein the driving mechanism 13 is a motor, the charging interface 14 is an interface connected with a charging pile for charging, the vehicle-mounted battery 15 is respectively connected with the driving mechanism 13 and the charging interface 14 through a third controllable switch K3 and a fourth controllable switch K4, the third controllable switch K3 and the fourth controllable switch K4 are both connected with the electric quantity detection module 12, a power supply unit 50 is respectively connected with the electric quantity detection module 12 of the electric automobile 1, the driving mechanism 13 and the charging interface 14 are detachably and conductively connected, a first controllable switch K1 is connected in series between the power supply unit 50 and the driving mechanism 13, a second controllable switch K2 is connected in series between the power supply unit 50 and the charging interface 14, the first controllable switch K1 and the second controllable switch K2 are both connected with the electric quantity detection module 12, and the procedure goes to step E;
the connection between the power supply unit 50 and the electric quantity detection module 12, the driving mechanism 13 and the charging interface 14 can be realized through wires or connecting pieces, and the specific connection structure is the prior art;
the front end and the rear end of the battery unit 5 are provided with a first connecting mechanism 51 and a second connecting mechanism 52 which are matched in pairs, and the left side surface and the right side surface are also provided with a first connecting mechanism 51 and a second connecting mechanism 52 which are matched in pairs, so that the connection modes of the battery unit 5 are more various, the power supply unit 50 comprises at least one battery unit 5, and when only one battery unit 5 is arranged, the battery unit 5 is the power supply unit 50; when the number of the battery units 5 is more than two, the mechanical arm 2 controls the adjacent two battery units 5 to be detachably and electrically connected through the matching of the first connecting mechanism 51 and the second connecting mechanism 52 so as to realize the series connection of the battery units 5;
more specifically, the first connecting mechanism 51 includes a first lead-out piece 511 disposed on the battery unit 5, an extending piece 512 disposed on the first lead-out piece 511 and extending vertically upwards, and two arc-shaped limiting grooves 513 disposed on two sides of the extending piece 512 respectively, the second connecting mechanism 52 includes a second lead-out piece 521 disposed on the battery unit 5, two clamping pieces 522 disposed at intervals on the second lead-out piece 521 and extending vertically downwards, and limiting blocks 523 disposed inside the two clamping pieces 522 and matching with the limiting grooves 513 respectively, the first lead-out piece 511 and the second lead-out piece 521 are electrically connected with two poles of the battery unit 5 respectively, and the battery unit 5 placed after being controlled by the mechanical arm 2 has the two clamping pieces 522 thereof sleeved downwards on the extending pieces 512 of the adjacent battery unit 5, and the two limiting blocks 523 are respectively clamped into the limiting grooves 513; the upper end of the extension piece 512 and the lower end of the clamping piece 522 are both provided with arc-shaped guiding parts 524 to guide the limiting block 523 to be clamped into or separated from the limiting groove 513; the first connecting mechanism 51 and the second connecting mechanism 52 are both made of an electrically conductive material;
D. after the electric vehicle 1 starts the installation space 11, after position calibration is performed through a first recognition device, after the current battery unit 5 to be taken out is determined, the corresponding first electromagnet is powered off, the mechanical arm 2 applies upward force to the battery unit 5, so that the second connecting mechanism 52 is separated from the first connecting mechanism 51 of the adjacent battery unit 5, the battery unit 5 is taken out of the installation space 11, if a plurality of battery units 5 need to be returned, the mechanical arm 2 sequentially takes out the battery units 5 in the installation space 11 according to the above process, and the process goes to step E;
E. the electric automobile 1 is driven away from the adjusting station;
the renting and returning process also comprises calculation and payment of the renting cost, but the process is the prior art.
The battery unit 5 is put in and taken out through a mechanical arm 2 and a grabbing mechanism 4 arranged on the mechanical arm 2, the mechanical arm 2 comprises a vertical rod 21, a first transverse joint arm 22 arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod 21 in a horizontally rotating manner, a second transverse joint arm 23 arranged at the end part of the first transverse joint arm 22 in a horizontally rotating manner, a first longitudinal joint arm 24 arranged at the end part of the second transverse joint arm 23 in a vertically rotating manner, and a second longitudinal joint arm 25 arranged at the end part of the first longitudinal joint arm 24 in a vertically rotating manner, a first camera 31 and a first infrared sensor 32 are arranged on the vertical rod 21 at intervals in a surrounding manner, a control mechanism is arranged inside the vertical rod 21, the grabbing mechanism 4 comprises a supporting shaft 41 arranged at the end part of the mechanical arm 2 in a rotating manner, a rotating wheel 42 arranged at the lower end of the supporting shaft 41 in a rotating manner, a disc 43 arranged at the lower end of the rotating wheel 42, a second infrared sensor is arranged at the lower end of the rotating wheel 25, Surround a plurality of second cameras 44 that disc 43 interval set up, surround a plurality of second infrared inductor 45 that disc 43 interval set up and set up the second electro-magnet 46 in disc 43 bottom, second infrared inductor 45 is located second camera 44 below, second camera 44 and second infrared inductor 45 are connected with control mechanism respectively, second electro-magnet 46 is by the battery power supply who sets up in montant 21, cell 5 upper end is provided with the sheetmetal, when needing to snatch cell 5, then control second electro-magnet 46 and energize, otherwise, second electro-magnet 46 cuts off the power supply.
In this embodiment, the control mechanism is a single chip microcomputer, and the first to fourth controllable switches K4 are all relays.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents and modifications within the scope of the description.
Claims (10)
1. A battery capacity adjusting method of an electric automobile is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. b, the electric automobile drives into a regulation station, the regulation station judges whether the electric automobile needs to rent the battery unit or return the battery unit according to reservation information of the electric automobile, if the electric automobile needs to rent the battery unit, the step B is carried out, and if the electric automobile needs to return the battery unit, the step D is carried out;
B. the adjusting station prepares a proper number of battery units according to the reservation information;
C. after the electric automobile starts an installation space for placing a battery unit, the adjustment station carries out position calibration through a first recognition device arranged on a mechanical arm, the mechanical arm puts the prepared battery unit into the installation space and fixes the prepared battery unit on a corresponding position to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is detachably and conductively connected with an electric quantity detection module, a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric automobile respectively, a first controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the driving mechanism in series, a second controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the charging interface in series, the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module, and the step E is carried out;
when more than two battery units are arranged, the mechanical arm controls the adjacent two battery units to be detachably connected in a conductive manner by the matching of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism so as to realize the series connection of the battery units;
D. after the electric automobile starts the installation space, the adjusting station carries out position calibration through a first recognition device arranged on the mechanical arm, and then the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit in the installation space and enters the step E;
E. the electric automobile drives away from the regulation station.
2. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step B, battery units having various capacities in the station are adjusted, and an appropriate number of battery units are prepared according to the rental capacity provided in the reservation information.
3. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mechanical arm is provided with a control mechanism, the first recognition device comprises a plurality of first cameras arranged on the mechanical arm at intervals and a plurality of first infrared sensors arranged on the mechanical arm at intervals, and each first camera and each first infrared sensor are connected with the control mechanism.
4. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the installation space is arranged at the head or the tail of the electric automobile, a plurality of installation positions are arranged in the installation space at intervals, first electromagnets are arranged on the installation positions, and first absorbing parts capable of being absorbed by the first electromagnets are arranged at the bottom of the battery unit.
5. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first connecting mechanism comprises a first lead-out piece arranged on the battery unit, an extension piece arranged on the first lead-out piece and extending vertically and upwards and two arc-shaped limiting grooves respectively arranged on two sides of the extension piece, the second connecting mechanism comprises a second lead-out piece arranged on the battery unit, two clamping pieces arranged on the second lead-out piece at intervals and extending vertically and downwards and limiting blocks respectively arranged on the inner sides of the two clamping pieces and matched with the limiting grooves, the first lead-out piece and the second lead-out piece are respectively electrically connected with two poles of the battery unit, in the step C, the battery unit placed in after being controlled by the mechanical arm enables the two clamping pieces to be sleeved downwards on the extension piece of the adjacent battery unit, and the two limiting blocks are respectively clamped into the limiting grooves.
6. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step C, after the battery unit is placed in the installation position by the mechanical arm, the corresponding first electromagnet is electrified to fix the battery unit on the installation position; and D, when the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit, the first electromagnet corresponding to the battery unit is powered off.
7. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first connecting mechanism is arranged at the rear end and one side surface of the battery unit, and the second connecting mechanism is arranged at the front end and the other side surface of the battery unit.
8. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the electric automobile comprises a vehicle-mounted battery, the vehicle-mounted battery is connected with the driving mechanism and the charging interface through a third controllable switch and a fourth driving mechanism respectively, and the third controllable switch and the fourth controllable switch are connected with the electric quantity detection module.
9. The utility model provides an electric automobile's battery capacity adjusting device, electric automobile has the installation space of placing battery unit which characterized in that: the battery capacity adjusting device includes:
adjusting the station: the system comprises a mechanical arm, a control mechanism arranged on the mechanical arm, a first recognition device and a plurality of battery units, wherein the control mechanism judges that the electric automobile needs to rent or return the battery units according to reservation information of the electric automobile, if the battery units are rented, after the position of the electric automobile is calibrated through the first recognition device, the mechanical arm puts and fixes a proper number of battery units at corresponding positions in an installation space to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is detachably and electrically connected with an electric quantity detection module, a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric automobile respectively, a first controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the driving mechanism in series, a second controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the charging interface in series, and the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module; if the battery unit is returned, the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit in the installation space;
the battery unit is provided with the first coupling mechanism and the second coupling mechanism that match pairwise on the battery unit respectively, and power supply unit includes at least one battery unit, and when the battery unit was more than two, the electrically conductive connection can be dismantled through first, second coupling mechanism's cooperation to two adjacent battery units of arm control to realize the series connection of each battery unit.
10. The battery capacity adjustment device of an electric vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: the first connecting mechanism comprises a first lead-out piece arranged on the battery unit, an extension piece arranged on the first lead-out piece and extending vertically and upwards and two arc-shaped limiting grooves respectively arranged on two sides of the extension piece, the second connecting mechanism comprises a second lead-out piece arranged on the battery unit, two clamping pieces arranged on the second lead-out piece at intervals and extending vertically and downwards and limiting blocks respectively arranged on the inner sides of the two clamping pieces and matched with the limiting grooves, the first lead-out piece and the second lead-out piece are respectively electrically connected with two poles of the battery unit, and when the connection is carried out, the two clamping pieces of the battery unit placed later are downwards sleeved on the extension piece of the adjacent battery unit, and the two limiting blocks are respectively clamped into the limiting grooves.
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