CN114128715A - Black bean seed coating agent and black bean planting method - Google Patents

Black bean seed coating agent and black bean planting method Download PDF

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CN114128715A
CN114128715A CN202111496628.1A CN202111496628A CN114128715A CN 114128715 A CN114128715 A CN 114128715A CN 202111496628 A CN202111496628 A CN 202111496628A CN 114128715 A CN114128715 A CN 114128715A
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coating agent
seeds
black bean
black
planting
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李�瑞
梁鸡保
白伟
张瑞
袁涛
白建彪
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/22—Bacillus

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses black bean seed coating agent and black bean planting method, and the black bean seed coating agent comprises the following components by total volume: 50-150 μmol/L melatonin; 5-10g/100mL ammonium molybdate; 2-10g/100mL insecticide; 2-10g/100mL of microbial agent; 1-10g/100mL of film forming agent and 0.1-1g/100mL of preservative. The application provides a black bean seed coating agent is behind the black bean seed coating, and not through soaking kind and vernalization, can directly sow winter for the black bean seed also can normal growth in the adversity, increases the freeze proof and the disease resistance of black bean seed, improves the germination percentage of black bean, and can ensure that the big black bean of growth period is ripe, and then increase output and quality, and solved the problem that the black bean can't sow or output is low under the spring arid condition.

Description

Black bean seed coating agent and black bean planting method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of black soybean planting, in particular to a black soybean seed coating agent and a black soybean planting method.
Background
Black soybean is one of the leguminous plants, and is named because the seed and seed coat are black. The black beans contain rich nutrients such as high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acid, amino acid, vitamin, dietary fiber, isoflavone and the like, and are important sources of high-quality protein in the diet of residents in China. Because black beans are small crops in China, are mostly distributed in northwest arid areas and are mostly sown in spring, and the black beans are sown in spring, drought and rain are reduced, the major problems of low emergence rate, bud burning, long growth period and incapability of maturing varieties exist, meanwhile, root rot easily occurs in the planting process, and the development of the whole industry is seriously influenced.
Therefore, a control method which can solve the problem of root rot caused by worm eggs carried by black soybean seeds is sought and developed, the yield of the black soybean can be improved, the planting cost is saved, the black soybean is subjected to large-scale, standardized and industrialized development, and continuous cropping planting is realized, and the method has very important significance for the black soybean planting industry.
In view of this, the present application is specifically made.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a black bean seed coating agent which can be used for seeding in winter on the premise that black bean seeds are not soaked and germinated so as to improve the yield and quality of black beans.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the application provides a black bean seed coating agent, with the total volume of black bean seed coating agent is counted, includes:
50-150 μmol/L melatonin;
5-10g/100mL ammonium molybdate;
2-10g/100mL insecticide;
2-10g/100mL of microbial agent;
1-10g/100mL of film-forming agent;
0.1-1g/100mL preservative.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the black soybean seed coating agent comprises, based on the total volume of the black soybean seed coating agent:
100 μmol/L melatonin;
6.8g/100mL ammonium molybdate;
5.0g/100mL insecticide;
5.0g/100mL of microbial inoculum;
5.5g/100mL of film-forming agent;
0.5g/100mL preservative.
In some preferred embodiments herein, the pesticide is phoxim.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the microbial agent is bacillus subtilis.
In some preferred embodiments herein, the film forming agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the preservative is potassium sorbate.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the warning color pigment is further included at 0.1-1g/100 mL.
The application also provides a black bean planting method which comprises the steps of planting field selection, planting field preparation, seed treatment, sowing and field management;
wherein the planting land is a cultivated land or a barren slope land with the sunshine duration of at least 5 hours/day, black beans are not planted in the cultivated land or the barren slope land within the previous year, and the previous crops comprise at least one of corns or broom corn millet;
wherein, the land preparation of the planting land comprises deep ploughing of the planting land by 30-50cm, and rolling after rotary flattening;
the operation time for soil preparation of the planting field is 11 months;
wherein, the seed treatment comprises the step of performing primary coating treatment on the black soybean seeds to be sowed by adopting the black soybean seed coating agent, and the dosage of the coating agent is 0.1-0.5 percent of the weight of the seeds;
wherein the sowing comprises hole sowing of seeds, the plant spacing is 23-25cm, the row spacing is 48-50cm, and 2-3 seeds are sowed in a single hole;
the seeding quantity of the hill-drop seeds is 1.5 kg/mu, and the seeding time is 11 months.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the seed treatment further comprises subjecting the seed after the first coating treatment to a second coating treatment;
the coating agent adopted in the secondary coating treatment comprises: 50 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 25 parts of carbendazim wettable powder and 25 parts of thiram wettable powder, wherein the dosage of the coating agent is 0.2 percent of the weight of the seeds.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, urea is added simultaneously to the seeds to be twice coated, in an amount of 0.2% by weight of the seeds, when the twice coating treatment is performed.
The application provides a black bean seed coating agent is behind the black bean seed coating, and not through soaking kind and vernalization, can directly sow winter for the black bean seed also can normal growth in the adversity, increases the freeze proof and the disease resistance of black bean seed, improves the germination percentage of black bean, and can ensure that the big black bean of growth period is ripe, and then increase output and quality, and solved the problem that the black bean can't sow or output is low under the spring arid condition.
The results of the examples of the present application show that: compared with a control group, the black beans adopting the coating agent can increase the germination potential by 60.5-71.1%, the germination rate by 59.2-67.4%, the germination index by 133.7-141.4% and the vitality index by 123.7-151.1%.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. It is noted that the endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and that such ranges or values are understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a black soybean seed coating agent comprising, based on the total volume of the black soybean seed coating agent:
50-150 μmol/L melatonin;
5-10g/100mL ammonium molybdate;
2-10g/100mL insecticide;
2-10g/100mL of microbial agent;
1-10g/100mL of film-forming agent;
0.1-1g/100mL preservative.
The black bean seed coating agent has the following functions:
the application unexpectedly finds that the melatonin can improve the freezing resistance of the black soybean seeds, so that the black soybean seeds have normal germination capacity at low temperature, and can accelerate the growth and division of cells by improving the content of auxin in a plant body, thereby accelerating the germination of the black soybean seeds, improving the germination rate and promoting the fruit ripening of the black soybeans.
The application also discovers that the ammonium molybdate has a synergistic effect with the melatonin in the aspects of improving the frost resistance of the black bean seeds and promoting germination and maturation, can obviously improve the germination rate and activity of the black bean seeds at a low temperature, and can also promote the early formation of black bean nodules and promote the maturation of the black beans.
The pesticide is used for preventing and treating black soybean root rot. The microbial agent can promote black bean seeds to germinate and enhance the disease resistance of the black beans.
The film-forming agent is an auxiliary agent which has the main effect that in the seed coating process, functional substances such as melatonin, ammonium molybdate, pesticide and the like are coated on the surface of the seeds to form a slow-release film, and meanwhile, the film-forming agent can be slowly degraded in the germination and growth processes of the seeds to gradually release the coated functional substances.
The preservative can prevent the treated seeds from rotting and improve the improved seed yield.
The coating agent has the advantages that the components of the coating agent exert respective effects, and meanwhile, the different components can generate synergistic effect, so that the coating agent contains related components such as bacteriostasis, insect prevention, organic and inorganic nutrients, growth promoting factors and the like, and the purposes of promoting black bean seed germination, preventing insect diseases, increasing yield and improving efficiency and the like during sowing in winter can be realized.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the black soybean seed coating agent comprises, based on the total volume of the black soybean seed coating agent:
100 μmol/L melatonin;
6.8g/100mL ammonium molybdate;
5.0g/100mL insecticide;
5.0g/100mL of microbial inoculum;
5.5g/100mL of film-forming agent;
0.5g/100mL preservative.
In a preferred embodiment herein, the pesticide is phoxim.
The phoxim is a high-efficiency low-toxicity systemic insecticide, has a very good control effect on the black bean root rot caused by mixed infection of various pathogenic bacteria, has a very good effect on the root rot caused by worm eggs carried by the black bean seeds in the black bean seed coating agent, and has a control effective rate of more than 98 percent through tests.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the microbial agent is bacillus subtilis.
The bacillus subtilis is an important microorganism in phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms, has the advantages of strong stress resistance, simple nutrition, high propagation speed, high effective viable count, stable performance, long storage period and the like, has the effects of preventing diseases, promoting growth, solubilizing phosphorus, potassium and fixing nitrogen, and can obviously improve the yield and the quality of the black beans. It is understood that the microbial agent can be a bacterial liquid obtained by culturing and fermenting bacillus subtilis.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the film forming agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the preservative is potassium sorbate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the black soybean seed coating agent further comprises a warning color pigment of 0.1 to 1g/100 mL.
In the application, in order to show the situation of seed treatment, the warning dye is added into the coating agent, so that the color vividness of the coated seeds can be increased, the situation of seed treatment is shown, and the mistaken eating is avoided.
The warning color pigment is rose essence, basic fuchsin, basic pinkish green, carmine or brilliant blue, and is preferably carmine.
The preparation process of the coating agent comprises the steps of weighing the film forming agent, dissolving the film forming agent in the solvent to form a solution, then adding other components, uniformly mixing, and preparing the coating agent, wherein the solvent is preferably water.
In addition, the coating agent is simple to use, and can be used for coating seeds in any device for treating seeds, even in a concrete mixer or in the open air by using a manual mixing method; the coating is firm and uniform, and is less dissolved when meeting water; the coated seeds have uniform particles, consistent shape and size and good fluidity.
The coated seeds are preferably sowed after being naturally aired.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a black bean planting method including planting land selection, planting land preparation, seed treatment, sowing, and field management;
wherein the planting land is a cultivated land or a barren slope land with the sunshine duration of at least 5 hours/day, black beans are not planted in the cultivated land or the barren slope land within the previous year, and the previous crops comprise at least one of corns or broom corn millet;
wherein, the land preparation of the planting land comprises deep ploughing of the planting land by 30-50cm, and rolling after rotary flattening;
the operation time for soil preparation of the planting field is 11 months;
wherein, the seed treatment comprises the step of performing primary coating treatment on the black soybean seeds to be sowed by adopting the black soybean seed coating agent, and the dosage of the coating agent is 0.1-0.5 percent of the weight of the seeds;
wherein the sowing comprises hole sowing of seeds, the plant spacing is 23-25cm, the row spacing is 48-50cm, and 2-3 seeds are sowed in a single hole;
the seeding quantity of the hill-drop seeds is 1.5 kg/mu, and the seeding time is 11 months.
Wherein, after the solar term is cleared in the next year, soil crust is timely raked to break the soil according to the germination condition, which is beneficial to breaking the soil of the bud seedlings.
Wherein the field management comprises weeding, pest control, topdressing, irrigating and harvesting;
preferably, the top dressing comprises applying compound rotten farmyard manure 4 th month in the second year after planting, and dressing twice in 6 th and 8 th month in the second year;
preferably, the application amount of the decomposed farmyard manure applied in the middle of 4 months of the second year is 22500-30000 kg/m2；
Preferably, the fertilizers used for fertilizing twice in the first 6 th and the middle 8 th of the second year comprise urea and compound fertilizer, and the compound fertilizer comprises N, P2O5And K2O。
According to the method, the major problems of drought and rain shortage, low emergence rate, bud burning, incapability of maturing varieties in long growth period and the like in spring sowing can be effectively solved through winter sowing, black beans do not emerge after winter sowing, and emerge early in the next spring, the frost resistance, insect resistance and disease resistance of the black bean seeds are improved through the coating, fruit maturity is promoted, the yield and quality of the black beans are remarkably improved, and the problem that the black bean sowing cannot be carried out in spring drought in northwest areas is solved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the seed treatment further comprises subjecting the seed after the first coating treatment to a second coating treatment;
the coating agent adopted in the secondary coating treatment comprises: 50 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 25 parts of carbendazim wettable powder and 25 parts of thiram wettable powder, wherein the dosage of the coating agent is 0.2 percent of the weight of the seeds.
The process of secondary coating is adopted, the process is simple, the pelleting efficiency of the black beans is high, an outer coating consisting of an adhesive and a bactericide is formed on the surface of the black beans treated by the coating process, the inner coating provides hormone stimulation for the germination and growth of the black beans and purifies the initial growth environment, the adhesive and the bactericide are added into the outer coating, the disease resistance of the black bean seeds is improved, the outward leakage of the inner coating is reduced, the outer coating also provides an initial seedbed for the germinated seeds, and good growth conditions are provided for the root pricking of the subsequent black bean seeds into soil.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, urea is added simultaneously to the seeds to be twice coated, in an amount of 0.2% by weight of the seeds, when the twice coating treatment is performed.
The urea and the coating agent are used for synchronously coating the seeds, and the urea is coated in a slow release film formed by the coating agent to provide nutrients for the germination and the growth of the seeds in a slow release manner.
For further explanation of the present application, the detergent compositions and detergents provided herein are described in detail with reference to the following examples, but it is to be understood that these examples are presented for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Example 1
A coating agent comprises 50 μmol/L melatonin, 5g/100mL ammonium molybdate, 2g/100mL phoxim, 2g/100mL Bacillus subtilis, 1g/100mL polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1g/100mL potassium sorbate.
Example 2
A coating agent comprising 150. mu. mol/L melatonin, 10g/100mL ammonium molybdate, 10g/100mL phoxim, 10g/100mL Bacillus subtilis, 10g/100mL chitosan, and 1g/100mL potassium sorbate.
Example 3
A coating agent comprising 100. mu. mol/L melatonin, 6.8g/100mL ammonium molybdate, 5.0g/100mL phoxim, 5.0g/100mL Bacillus subtilis, 4.0g/100mL polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5g/100mL chitosan, 0.5g/100mL potassium sorbate, and 0.6g/100mL carmine.
Comparative example 1
A coating agent comprises 100 mu mol/L melatonin, 5.0g/100mL phoxim, 5.0g/100mL Bacillus subtilis, 4.0g/100mL polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5g/100mL chitosan, 0.5g/100mL potassium sorbate and 0.6g/100mL carmine.
Comparative example 2
A coating agent comprising 6.8g/100mL ammonium molybdate, 5.0g/100mL phoxim, 5.0g/100mL Bacillus subtilis, 4.0g/100mL polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5g/100mL chitosan, 0.5g/100mL potassium sorbate, and 0.6g/100mL carmine.
Comparative example 3
A coating agent comprising 5.0g/100mL phoxim, 5.0g/100mL Bacillus subtilis, 4.0g/100mL polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5g/100mL chitosan, 0.5g/100mL potassium sorbate, and 0.6g/100mL carmine.
Germination percentage test
Treating the black bean seeds by using the coating agents of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 respectively, culturing for 5-7 days in a constant temperature box at 0 ℃, recording the number of germinated seeds every day after culturing, determining the germination vigor on the 4 th day, determining the germination rate on the 7 th day, and calculating the germination index and the vigor index.
The germination potential is equal to the number of the sprouts counted at the first time/the number of the grains of the germination test sample multiplied by 100 percent;
the germination rate is equal to the number of the last counted sprouts/the number of the grains of the germination test sample multiplied by 100 percent;
Figure BSA0000260293370000081
Figure BSA0000260293370000082
wherein S is the dry weight of a certain period, Gt is the number of seeds normally germinated on the nth day, and Dt is the corresponding number of germination days.
The test results are shown in the following table.
Vigor of germination Germination rate Index of germination Vitality index
Example 1 87.53％ 93.50％ 23.84 12.08
Example 2 91.00％ 96.67％ 24.32 13.24
Example 3 93.32％ 98.32％ 24.62 13.56
Comparative example 1 63.58％ 72.16％ 18.35 8.32
Comparative example 2 70.71％ 78.76％ 18.65 9.08
Comparative example 3 53.28％ 62.35％ 12.86 6.11
Uncoated seeds 54.52％ 58.73％ 10.20 5.4
The result shows that the black bean seeds treated by the coating agent can increase the germination potential by 60.5-71.1%, the germination rate by 59.2-67.4%, the germination index by 133.7-141.4%, the vigor index by 123.7-151.1%, the cold resistance and the morphological index at the final stage of germination are also superior.
Field test
The inventors carried out field planting experiments on the coated black soybean seeds prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and uncoated black soybean seeds, respectively, in a test field of Shenmu City.
The planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) black bean seed selection
The method comprises the steps of picking seeds of mature black beans planted in cultivated land of Shenmu city, airing the seeds under natural conditions, screening the seeds by a standard sieve of 10 meshes, and reserving the seeds which cannot pass through the sieve of 10 meshes and have the weight of more than 13g in a hundred-grain manner for later use.
(2) Black soybean seed treatment
Carrying out primary coating treatment on black soybean seeds to be sown by adopting the black soybean seed coating agent, wherein the using amount of the coating agent is 0.2 percent of the weight of the seeds;
and drying the seeds subjected to the primary coating treatment at normal temperature, and then performing secondary coating, wherein the dosage of a coating agent and the dosage of urea of the secondary coating are 0.2% of the weight of the seeds.
(3) Selection of planting field
The method is characterized in that cultivated land with sunshine duration of at least 5 hours/day is selected as the planting land, black beans are not planted in the previous year of the cultivated land, and previous crops are corns.
(4) Soil preparation of planting land
The land preparation of the planting land comprises deep ploughing of the planting land by 30-50cm, and rolling after rotary flattening; the operation time for soil preparation of the planting field is 11 months.
(5) Seeding
Sowing in 11 months, performing hole sowing in a dibbling period according to the using amount of 1.5 kg/mu, wherein the plant spacing is 23-25cm, the row spacing is 48-50cm, and 2-3 seeds are sowed in a single hole. After sowing, raking the ground by using a rake, covering soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm, and watering once to permeate water.
(6) Field management:
harrowing soil to break off soil crust according to the germination condition after clearing away the Ming spirit in the second year, and facilitating the breaking of the bud seedlings;
secondly, during the growth period of the black beans, weeds are removed in time, and plant diseases and insect pests are prevented; the prevention and control of the plant diseases and insect pests are as follows: when the root rot is found, digging the black soybean plants with roots and ponds in time to remove the black soybean plants infected with the root rot; when the cutworm is found, the 1000-time liquid of the wettable powder is trapped and killed by poison bait or 2.5 percent of enemy;
③ topdressing: the application amount of the decomposed farmyard manure applied in 4-month middle ten days of the second year is 22500-30000 kg/m2(ii) a The fertilizer for fertilizing twice in the first 6 th and the middle 8 th of the second year comprises urea and compound fertilizer, wherein the compound fertilizer comprises N, P2O5And K2O。
Fourthly, during the growth period of the black beans, keeping the water content of the soil to be 45-65 mass percent;
fifthly, collecting black beans 10 months after planting when the plants wither.
Then, the seedling rate, the yield per mu and the control rate of the root rot are counted and analyzed, and the results are shown in the following table.
Rate of seedling formation Yield per mu Incidence of root rot
Example 1 92.88％ 154.86Kg 1.3％
Example 2 93.37％ 157.33Kg 1.1％
Example 3 95.02％ 161.69Kg 1％
Comparative example 1 72.11％ 129.14Kg 10.2％
Comparative example 2 68.59％ 127.64Kg 12.8％
Comparative example 3 60.78％ 105.86Kg 25.1％
Uncoated seeds 54.87％ 85.80Kg 33.4％
The average seedling rate of the planting method of the present application using the coating agents of examples 1-3 was 93.76%, which was significantly higher than the seedling rate of the comparative example and uncoated seeds.
The average yield per mu of the planting method of the present application using the coating agent of examples 1-3 was 157.96Kg, which is significantly higher than the comparative example and the uncoated seeds per mu yield.
The average incidence of root rot for the planting method of this application using the coating agents of examples 1-3 was 1.13%, significantly lower than the incidence of the comparative example and uncoated seeds.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The black soybean seed coating agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by volume:
50-150 μmol/L melatonin;
5-10g/100mL ammonium molybdate;
2-10g/100mL insecticide;
2-10g/100mL of microbial agent;
1-10g/100mL of film-forming agent;
0.1-1g/100mL preservative.
2. The black soybean seed coating agent according to claim 1, comprising, based on the total volume of the black soybean seed coating agent:
100 μmol/L melatonin;
6.8g/100mL ammonium molybdate;
5.0g/100mL insecticide;
5.0g/100mL of microbial inoculum;
5.5g/100mL of film-forming agent;
0.5g/100mL preservative.
3. The black soybean seed coating agent according to claim 1, wherein the pesticide is phoxim.
4. The black soybean seed coating agent according to claim 1, wherein the microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis.
5. The black soybean seed coating agent according to claim 1, wherein the film-forming agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan.
6. The black soybean seed coating agent according to claim 1, wherein the preservative is potassium sorbate.
7. The black soybean seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a warning color pigment of 0.1 to 1g/100 mL.
8. A black bean planting method is characterized by comprising the steps of planting field selection, planting field preparation, seed treatment, sowing and field management;
wherein the planting land is a cultivated land or a barren slope land with the sunshine duration of at least 5 hours/day, black beans are not planted in the cultivated land or the barren slope land within the previous year, and the previous crops comprise at least one of corns or broom corn millet;
wherein, the land preparation of the planting land comprises deep ploughing of the planting land by 30-50cm, and rolling after rotary flattening;
the operation time for soil preparation of the planting field is 11 months;
wherein, the seed treatment comprises the first coating treatment of the black soybean seeds to be sowed by using the black soybean seed coating agent of any one of claims 1 to 7, and the dosage of the coating agent is 0.1 to 0.5 percent of the weight of the seeds;
wherein the sowing comprises hole sowing of seeds, the plant spacing is 23-25cm, the row spacing is 48-50cm, and 2-3 seeds are sowed in a single hole;
the seeding quantity of the hill-drop seeds is 1.5 kg/mu, and the seeding time is 11 months.
9. The planting method of claim 8, wherein the seed treatment further comprises subjecting the seed after the first coating treatment to a second coating treatment;
the coating agent adopted in the secondary coating treatment comprises: 50 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 25 parts of carbendazim wettable powder and 25 parts of thiram wettable powder, wherein the dosage of the coating agent is 0.2 percent of the weight of the seeds.
10. The growing method according to claim 9, wherein urea is added to the seeds to be coated at the time of the secondary coating treatment, and the urea is added in an amount of 0.2% by weight of the seeds.
CN202111496628.1A 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Black bean seed coating agent and black bean planting method Pending CN114128715A (en)

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Application publication date: 20220304