CN114104234A - Covering layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit and superstructure - Google Patents
Covering layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit and superstructure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114104234A CN114104234A CN202111444798.5A CN202111444798A CN114104234A CN 114104234 A CN114104234 A CN 114104234A CN 202111444798 A CN202111444798 A CN 202111444798A CN 114104234 A CN114104234 A CN 114104234A
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- superstructure
- diffuse reflection
- sound absorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63G13/02—Camouflage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
- G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
- G10K11/20—Reflecting arrangements
- G10K11/205—Reflecting arrangements for underwater use
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63G13/02—Camouflage
- B63G2013/022—Camouflage using means for reducing noise emission into air or water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a covering layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit and a superstructure, wherein the superstructure comprises a plurality of covering layer diffuse reflection type superstructure units and a substrate; the covering layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure unit comprises a resin layer and an air cavity; the resin layer is wrapped with the air cavity with a notch; the covering layer diffuse reflection type superstructure units are arranged on the substrate in a non-periodic mode; and the covering layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure units distributed on the substrate cover-pi discrete phase shift. In the sub-wavelength range, the sound absorption superstructure of the invention can realize perfect sound absorption of broadband, can realize high-efficiency diffuse reflection effect on underwater sound waves in a low-frequency band, reduces the strength of forward echo signals, reduces the overall signal characteristics and realizes the stealth effect. Compared with the traditional cavity type acoustic material, the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, good performance, low weight, aperiodicity, no need of a damping layer and self-damping loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater sound absorption, in particular to a covering layer diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure unit and a superstructure.
Background
The underwater sound absorption covering layer is a ship underwater sound material and structure laid on the surface of a ship structure and between a ship body and seawater. The ship body vibration suppression device can suppress the vibration of a ship body, reduce noise generated by mechanical vibration except a propulsion system and reduce the radiation intensity of ship target characteristic signals; but also can absorb the detection wave of the enemy active sonar and reduce the strength of the ship acoustic target. Therefore, the acoustic covering layer is laid on the structure and used as the last barrier of the ship sound stealth, and the method becomes an effective means for simultaneously improving the ship active and passive sound stealth performance.
Acoustic materials can be roughly classified into rubber-based pure polymer acoustic materials, filling type acoustic materials, cavity type acoustic materials, impedance graded type acoustic materials, and the like according to the order of development of acoustic coatings. The rubber material is generally small in elastic modulus, belongs to entropy elasticity and generally has viscoelasticity, and good sound absorption and damping characteristics can be realized by adding a compounding agent into rubber. The filling type acoustic material is prepared by mixing or adding filler into rubber, and sound waves generate a large amount of sound scattering phenomena between the filling material and the rubber to achieve sound absorption performance. The cavity type acoustic material is made by periodically putting spherical, cylindrical, conical or horn-shaped pore structures in a uniform base material, and realizes the absorption of incident acoustic energy by the combined action of cavity resonance, waveform conversion, acoustic wave scattering and damping loss characteristics of a viscoelastic material. The impedance gradual change type acoustic material adopts a multilayer sound absorption structure, the impedance of each layer of structure is gradually changed from the water impedance of the outermost layer to the impedance consistent with that of the inner cabin body, and the sound absorption is realized by reducing reflection through impedance matching.
The traditional underwater sound absorption material is mainly based on intramolecular friction caused by sound waves in the material and an energy consumption mechanism of the sound waves on different medium interfaces, and the performance of a conventional sound absorption layer with uniform material characteristics depends on the thickness of the conventional sound absorption layer. The complete sound wave absorption can be realized only when the thickness of the sound absorber is at least one quarter wavelength of incident sound waves, which is the reason that the traditional sound absorbing material has poor performance of absorbing low-frequency underwater sound waves and is difficult to realize broadband sound absorption. Most of the existing high-efficiency sound absorption structures are based on the acoustic super-surface theory, and a series of perfect/quasi-perfect sound absorbers with sub-wavelength thickness or low weight are designed, wherein the perfect/quasi-perfect sound absorbers comprise Helmholtz resonators, quarter-wavelength frequency resonators, acoustic film absorbers, lossless resonance plate type sound absorbers and labyrinth type sound absorbers. While there have been many groups of studies on airborne sound waves, there have been few reports on perfect sound absorbers of underwater sound. Broadband perfect sound absorption of underwater sounds in the sub-wavelength range remains a challenge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sound absorption superstructure designed by utilizing an acoustic super surface to a method for regulating and controlling the wave front phase of a sound wave, wherein the structure is a covering layer diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure based on a Helmholtz resonant cavity structure, and can realize the high-efficiency diffuse reflection effect on the underwater sound wave in a low-frequency band (750 Hz-1300 Hz), reduce the strength of a forward echo signal, reduce the overall signal characteristic and realize the stealth effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a covering layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure unit comprises a resin layer and an air cavity;
the resin layer is wrapped with the air cavity with a notch;
the covering layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure unit covers-pi discrete phase shift.
Optionally, the structural parameters of the air cavity are changed to generate different additional reflection phases.
Optionally, the structural parameters of the air cavity include: notch size, height, width, length.
Optionally, the resin material is ceramic resin.
A covering layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure comprises a plurality of covering layer diffuse reflection type superstructure units and a substrate;
the cover layer diffuse reflection type superstructure units are arranged on the substrate in a non-periodic mode;
and the covering layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure units distributed on the substrate cover-pi discrete phase shift.
Optionally, the gaps of the cover layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure units face outwards, and the cover layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure units are arranged on the same side of the substrate as the gaps of the cover layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure units.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
in the sub-wavelength range, the sound absorption superstructure of the invention can realize perfect sound absorption of broadband, can realize high-efficiency diffuse reflection effect on underwater sound waves in a low frequency band (750 Hz-1300 Hz), reduces the strength of forward echo signals, reduces the overall signal characteristics and realizes the stealth effect. Compared with the traditional cavity type acoustic material, the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, good performance, low weight, aperiodicity, no need of a damping layer and self-damping loss. The structure of the invention is designed on the basis of the acoustic super-surface theory and is a perfect sound absorber aiming at broadband underwater sound in a sub-wavelength range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an overlay diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure formed by 8 two-dimensional overlay diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure units 2;
2(a) -2 (h) are schematic two-dimensional structural diagrams of 8 two-dimensional overlay diffuse reflection type acoustic superstructure units of example 1;
fig. 3 is a simulation result of a reflection phase curve of the 8 two-dimensional cover layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure units 2 in fig. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional overlay diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure of the present invention;
5(a) -5 (l) are far field patterns of the covering layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure of example 1 normalized within the frequency band of 750Hz to 1300 Hz;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the degree of attenuation of energy in the echo direction in the 750Hz to 1300Hz frequency band of the cover layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure of example 1;
in the figure: 1 substrate, 2 cover layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure units, 3 resin layer, 4 air chamber.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment discloses a diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure of a two-dimensional covering layer, which comprises: the sound absorption substrate comprises a substrate 1 and a covering layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure unit 2; fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure formed by 8 two-dimensional cover layer diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure units 2;
in the embodiment, the two-dimensional cover layer diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure is composed of 40 cover layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure units 2 and a substrate 1, each cover layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit 2 is composed of a resin layer 3 and an air cavity 4, the thickness of each cover layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit 2 is 6cm, and the width of each cover layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit 2 is 10 cm;
wherein, the covering layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure unit 2 has 8 specific structures as shown in fig. 2; the substrate 1 is a stainless steel plate, and the specific material parameters of the stainless steel are as follows: density p1＝7800kg/m3Young's modulus of E1216GPa, Poisson coefficient v10.3, 2cm in thickness and 400cm in width; the resin layer 3 is high-toughness high-temperature-resistant ceramic resin, and the specific parameters are as follows: rho2＝1050kg/m3Storage modulus of E210.5GPa, Poisson coefficient v20.32; the specific material parameters of the air cavity 4 are as follows: density is rho3＝1.21kg/m3Speed of sound v1＝343m/s；
The resin layer is wrapped with an air cavity 4 with a gap, and the size, width, length and height of the gap can be adjusted;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
in the frequency band of 750Hz to 1300Hz, the covering layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit 2 can generate different additional reflection phases to regulate and control the wavefront of incident waves, and different reflection phase change curves can be generated by changing the internal structure parameters of the covering layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit 2, wherein the structure sound absorption frequency band in the embodiment 1 is 750Hz to 1300 Hz;
by adjusting the structural parameters of the covering layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure unit 2, the 8 units can realize the discrete phase shift of-pi in the frequency band of 750Hz to 1300Hz, and the phase change curve is shown in figure 3. In the frequency band, the phase shift interval of 8 phase change curves is pi/4. The 8 covering layer diffuse reflection type absorption superstructure units 2 which can realize-pi discrete phase shift in the 750 Hz-1300 Hz frequency band are arranged in an aperiodic way, so that the broadband diffuse reflection effect can be realized, the main lobe echo energy is reduced, the energy is scattered to other directions except the forward direction, the stealth effect can be realized for the forward echo direction, and the gap direction is the forward direction;
as shown in fig. 5, the far field pattern of the covering layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure normalized within the frequency band of 750Hz to 1300Hz in this embodiment is shown, according to the picture information, compared with the background board, for the vertically incident sound wave, in the reflection direction, the main lobe echo energy of the two-dimensional covering layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure is reduced, and there is a relatively obvious diffuse reflection effect;
as shown in fig. 6, which is a graph of the attenuation degree of the energy in the echo direction in the 750Hz to 1300Hz frequency band in the cover layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure of embodiment 1, it can be seen from the picture information that the intensity reduction of more than 10dB can be generated in the echo direction in the 750Hz to 1300Hz frequency band, therefore, the two-dimensional cover layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure with random distribution can effectively reduce the intensity of the forward echo signal, thereby reducing the signal characteristics thereof, and making it difficult to be detected by sonar;
it should be noted that 8 types of cover layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure units 2 used in this embodiment 1 are examples, and the overall structure is not limited to 8 types of cover layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure units 2.
Example 2
This embodiment 2 is a cover layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure having 8 kinds of three-dimensional cover layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure units 2 based on embodiment 1, the three-dimensional cover layer diffuse reflection type low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure in this embodiment is stretched based on embodiment 1, and has the same cross section as that in embodiment 1 as shown in fig. 1, and the whole structure is shown in fig. 4;
in this embodiment 2, the working performance of the three-dimensional cover layer diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure can be approximately equivalent to an infinite-length two-dimensional cover layer diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure. Thus, fig. 5 and 6 may also be the far field pattern of the three-dimensional overlay diffuse reflective low frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure and the degree of attenuation of the sound waves in the echo direction. It can be seen that the covering layer diffuse reflection type low-frequency broadband sound absorption superstructure with the infinite-length fluid plates distributed randomly can effectively reduce the energy in the echo direction, so that the energy is difficult to detect, and the stealth effect is realized.
For the device disclosed by the embodiment, the content disclosed in the embodiment corresponds to that disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant part can be referred to part of the description. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A cover layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure unit (2) characterized by comprising a resin layer (3), an air cavity (4);
the resin layer (3) is wrapped with the air cavity (4) with a gap.
2. The blanket diffusely reflective superstructure unit (2) according to claim 1, wherein varying the structural parameters of said air cavity (4) results in different additional reflection phases.
3. The blanket diffusely reflective superstructure unit (2) according to claim 2, wherein the structural parameters of said air cavity (4) comprise: notch size, height, width, length.
4. The overlay diffusely reflective low frequency broadband acoustic superstructure according to claim 1, wherein said resin material is a ceramic resin.
5. A cover layer diffuse reflection type sound absorption superstructure comprises a plurality of cover layer diffuse reflection type superstructure units (2) and a substrate (1), and is characterized in that: said blanket diffusely reflective superstructure unit (2) being a blanket diffusely reflective superstructure unit (2) of any of claims 1-4;
the plurality of cover layer diffuse reflection type superstructure units (2) are arranged on the substrate (1) in a non-periodic manner;
the covering layer diffuse reflection sound absorption superstructure units (2) distributed on the substrate (1) cover-pi discrete phase shifts.
6. The overlay diffuse reflective acoustic superstructure according to claim 5, wherein said overlay diffuse reflective acoustic superstructure units (2) breach outward and a number of overlay diffuse reflective acoustic superstructure units (2) are arranged on the same side of the substrate (1) as the overlay diffuse reflective acoustic superstructure units breach.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115050348A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-09-13 | 青岛大学 | Bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface and use method thereof |
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| CN114104234B (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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