CN115050348B - Bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface and application method thereof - Google Patents
Bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 108091026890 Coding region Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
- G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic metamaterial, and relates to a bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface and a use method thereof, wherein the acoustic super surface comprises a plurality of first array elements and a plurality of second array elements, four sides of each first array element are respectively connected with the first array elements or the second array elements, the first array elements are composed of N multiplied by N first super surface units, and the second array elements are composed of N multiplied by N second super surface units; the cube framework in the first super-surface unit has a hydrophobic characteristic, in water environment, the cube framework can capture air to form bubbles, the acoustic reflection phase difference of the first super-surface unit and the second super-surface unit in a wider frequency band is close to 180 degrees, the first super-surface unit and the second super-surface unit are kept basically stable, and acoustic RCS reduction is realized by adjusting the spatial arrangement of array element coding sequences; the super-surface is manufactured by a 3D printing mode, the manufacturing precision is high, the cost is low, and the method has great development potential and important research value in the fields of underwater sound detection, underwater communication and stealth.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic metamaterial, and particularly relates to a bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface and a use method thereof.
The background technology is as follows:
the super surface is a novel artificial structure with sub-wavelength thickness. By designing the structure of the sub-wavelength units and adjusting the arrangement mode of the sub-wavelength units in space, the acoustic super-surface can freely customize the sound field, and various physical characteristics such as self-bending wave beams, diffuse reflection, vortex wave and high-efficiency abnormal reflection and transmission phenomena are realized. The diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface regulates and controls the propagation direction of wave beams mainly through different coding sequences, and can scatter incident sound waves to all directions while maintaining the thickness of sub-wavelength to form an irregular and disordered scattered wave field, and the energy of each beam of scattered wave is weaker, so that RCS reduction is realized, the acoustic RCS reduction aims at reducing the far-field detectability of a sound source, and therefore, the diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface has a huge application prospect in the field of acoustic stealth. The broadband underwater sound slow reflection effect is expected to realize the sound stealth performance of underwater equipment, and has important application prospect.
The traditional super-surface design has low flexibility, the specific structure makes the applicable frequency range narrower, the narrow-band slow reflection super-surface can not realize broadband sound stealth, and the RCS reduction performance of the super-surface is limited. For applications with a wider frequency range, multiple super-surface structures are required to be used in combination, so that the cost is increased.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface which is suitable for underwater and has a wide frequency range and a use method thereof, wherein the super surface structures are all placed in water environment to work.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface, which comprises a plurality of first array elements and a plurality of second array elements, wherein four sides of each first array element are respectively connected with the first array elements or the second array elements, the first array elements are composed of N multiplied by N first super surface units, and the second array elements are composed of N multiplied by N second super surface units.
The first subsurface unit comprises, in order from bottom to top: the diagonal line of the cube frame is perpendicular to the center of the steel plate and is connected with the steel plate through the solid column; the second super-surface unit consists of only steel plates; the length, width and height dimensions of the steel plates of the first super-surface unit are the same as those of the steel plates of the second super-surface unit.
The solid columns and the cube frames of the first super-surface unit are made of nylon or other hydrophobic materials.
The sizes of the steel plates of the first super-surface unit and the second super-surface unit are respectively 10mm, 10mm and 35-50 mm in length, width and height.
The length h=2-5 mm of the solid column in the first super surface unit, and the radius r=0.75-1 mm.
The cube frame is composed of 12 solid columns, the lengths H of the solid columns are H=2.5-3 mm, and the radiuses R of the solid columns are R=0.7-0.8 mm.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super-surface, which comprises the steps of respectively manufacturing a plurality of first super-surface units and second super-surface units, manufacturing a cube frame and a solid column structure which are made of hydrophobic materials such as nylon by adopting a 3D printing method, and then adhering the solid column to the center of a steel plate to obtain the first super-surface units; the second subsurface unit is only a steel plate.
Further, the N multiplied by N first super surface units are connected and arranged into a matrix with N rows and N columns to serve as first array elements; connecting N multiplied by N second super surface units to form a matrix with N rows and N columns, and taking the matrix as a second array element; the first array element and the second array element are connected and arranged into an M multiplied by M matrix, and then the super surface is prepared; wherein M is more than or equal to 2, and N is more than or equal to 2.
Further, in a certain working broadband frequency range, the sizes of the cubic frame and the solid column of the first super surface unit are adjusted, so that the acoustic wave reflection phase difference of the first super surface unit and the second super surface unit, in which bubbles appear in water, is close to 180 degrees, and the first super surface unit and the second super surface unit are kept basically stable.
The invention also provides a using method of the bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super-surface, the code of a first array element formed by a first super-surface unit is set to be 1, the code of a second array element formed by a second super-surface unit is set to be 0, and the reflected wave control, resonance sound absorption and stealth are realized by adjusting the spatial arrangement of a coding sequence.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) The bubble-type coded acoustic super-surface structure has hydrophobicity, the designed 3D printing hydrophobic frame is immersed in water, air is trapped in the frame to form bubbles, and the structure is simple and easy to operate;
(2) In water environment, the wave reflection phase difference of the first and second super surface units with bubbles is close to 180 degrees in a wider frequency band, and the wave reflection phase difference is kept basically stable, and various expected functions such as reflected wave control, resonance sound absorption, stealth and the like can be realized by constructing different array element coding arrangements;
(3) Different coding sequences are constructed in an aperiodic arrangement mode among array elements, so that various broadband fluctuation regulation and control capacities can be realized, and the coded super-surface enables incident sound waves to be diffusely reflected, so that RCS reduction of about 10dB is realized in a wider frequency band;
(4) The super-surface is manufactured in a 3D printing mode, the manufacturing precision is high, the cost is low, the super-surface has huge development potential and important research value in the fields of underwater sound detection, underwater communication and stealth, and the super-surface can be widely popularized in practical application.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface according to the present invention, wherein the sizes of a first array element and a second array element are 2×2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first super surface unit and a solid column according to the present invention, wherein a is an overall structure diagram, B is a solid column structure, and C is a solid column structure.
FIG. 3 is a phase difference between a first and a second metasurface unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the diffuse reflection effect at 10kHz of the coded super surface produced in example 2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the diffuse reflection effect at 15kHz of the coded super surface produced in example 2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the diffuse reflection effect at 20kHz of the coded super surface produced in example 2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a reduction plot of RCS for the coded subsurface made in example 2 in accordance with the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention will now be further illustrated by means of specific examples in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the embodiment relates to a bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding super-surface, the main structure of which comprises a plurality of first array elements and a plurality of second array elements, four sides of each first array element are respectively connected with the first array elements or the second array elements, the first array elements are composed of N rows and N columns of first super-surface units, and the second array elements are composed of N rows and N columns of second super-surface units. As shown in fig. 1: when n=2, the first array element is composed of 2 rows and 2 columns of first subsurface units, and the second array element is composed of 2 rows and 2 columns of second subsurface units.
The first subsurface unit comprises, in order from bottom to top: the solid column comprises a steel plate 1, a solid column 2 and a cube frame 3, wherein the diagonal line of the cube frame 3 is perpendicular to the center of the steel plate 1 and is connected with the center of the steel plate 1 through the solid column 2; the second subsurface unit consists of only steel plate 1; the length, width and height dimensions of the steel plates of the first and second super-surface units are the same.
The dimensions of the steel plate 1 of the first and second super-surface units are: the length, the width and the height are respectively 10mm, 10mm and 35-50 mm.
The length h=2-5 mm of the solid column 2 in the first super surface unit, and the radius r=0.75-1 mm; the cube frame 3 is composed of 12 solid columns, the lengths H of the solid columns are H=2.5-3 mm, and the radiuses R of the solid columns are R=0.7-0.8 mm.
The solid column 2 and the cube frame 3 are made of nylon materials, the Young modulus is 1.6GPa, the Poisson ratio is 0.4, and the density is 1050kg/m 3 。
The preparation method of the bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface comprises the following steps: respectively manufacturing a plurality of first super-surface units and a plurality of second super-surface units, wherein the entity columns 2 and the cube frames 3 are made of nylon materials through a 3D printing method; connecting N multiplied by N first super surface units to form a matrix with N rows and N columns, and taking the matrix as a first array element; connecting N multiplied by N second super surface units to form a matrix with N rows and N columns, and taking the matrix as a second array element; the first array element and the second array element are connected and arranged into an M multiplied by M matrix, and then the super surface is prepared; wherein M is more than or equal to 3, and N is more than or equal to 3.
Further, the cubic frame 3 in the first super surface unit has a hydrophobic property, and in water environment, the cubic frame 3 can capture air to form bubbles, and by adjusting the sizes of the cubic frame and the solid column of the first super surface unit, the phase difference of sound wave reflection of the first super surface unit and the second super surface unit, which generate bubbles in water, in a wide frequency band is close to 180 degrees, and the first super surface unit and the second super surface unit are kept basically stable.
The method for using the bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super-surface in the embodiment is that the code of a first array element formed by a first super-surface unit is set to be 1, the code of a second array element formed by a second super-surface unit is set to be 0, and various expected functions can be realized by adjusting the spatial arrangement of a coding sequence, including realizing the control of scattered waves in a specific direction so as to reduce radar scattering cross section and the like.
Example 2:
the present embodiment relates to a bubble-type underwater broadband diffuse reflection encoded acoustic super surface,
the array comprises a plurality of first array elements and a plurality of second array elements, wherein the four sides of each first array element are respectively connected with the first array elements or the second array elements, the first array elements are composed of N rows and N columns of first super-surface units, and the second array elements are composed of N rows and N columns of second super-surface units. .
The length h of the solid column 2 in the first super surface unit is h=3 mm, and the radius r is r=0.75 mm; the cube frame 3 consists of 12 solid columns, the lengths H of the solid columns are H=3 mm, and the radiuses R of the solid columns are R=0.75 mm; the length, width and height of the steel plates of the first and second super-surface units are respectively 10mm, 10mm and 3.5mm; as shown in FIG. 3, the reflection phase difference of sound waves of the first and the second super surface units with the above sizes is close to 180 degrees in a broadband of 7-26kHz, and remains basically stable. Let the first array element code consisting of the first super surface unit be 1 and the second array element code consisting of the second super surface unit be 0. The first and second super-surface units are arranged randomly in the form of array elements, that is, when plane waves are perpendicularly incident, destructive interference occurs between the first and second super-surface units, and reflected wave energy is dispersed in various directions to form a diffuse reflection phenomenon.
The coded super-surface is an 8×8 rectangular array formed by interconnecting and arranging first array elements and second array elements, wherein the first array elements are formed by interconnecting 10 rows and 10 columns of first super-surface units, and the second array elements are formed by interconnecting 10 rows and 10 columns of second super-surface units. Assuming that the reflection or scattering phase of each first or second array element isIts phase is 0 deg. or 180 deg.. Under normal incidence of plane waves, far field scattering of the coded super surface is expressed as:
wherein θ andfor the angle of incidence and azimuth, k is the wave number, D is the length of each element, +.>Is the radiation characteristic of a single array element.
The pattern function is expressed as:
because the phases of the first and second super-surface units are 0 DEG and 0 DEG, respectively180 deg., the scattering properties of the two units cancel,is substantially zero. From the two formulas, the control of the far-field scattering property of the acoustic coding super-surface is mainly realized by different sequence modes of the coding array elements.
The specific arrangement mode of the optimized coding super-surface in the embodiment is as follows: the first, five, seven and eight rows are arranged according to "11010001", and the second, three, four and six rows are arranged according to "00101110". Finally, the overall super surface structure size of this example is 800mm by 800mm. In the actual manufacturing process, the whole steel plate can be manufactured according to the size of the whole super surface, and then the cube frame and the entity columns are adhered to the corresponding positions of the steel plate according to the coding arrangement.
The diffuse reflection effect of the super surface prepared in this embodiment under different incident sound wave frequencies is tested by using the multi-physical field simulation software Comsol Multiphsics, and the results are shown in fig. 4-6, wherein the incident sound wave frequency of fig. 4 is 10kHz, the incident wave frequency of fig. 5 is 15kHz, and the incident wave frequency of fig. 6 is 20kHz. As can be seen from the figure, the energy of the scattered beam is not concentrated in a strong energy beam but dispersed in all directions, and the principle of conservation of energy can be used for knowing that the energy of the scattered wave distribution in each direction is very small, and the simulation result further shows that the coded super-surface can play a role in reducing RCS.
The RCS reduction effect simulation was performed on the subsurface manufactured in this embodiment using the multi-physical field simulation software Comsol Multiphsics, and the result is shown in fig. 7. As can be seen from FIG. 7, this embodiment meets the RCS reduction requirement of 10dB at the 11-17kHz frequency band as compared with the same size of individual steel plates.
Claims (9)
1. The bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super-surface is characterized by comprising a plurality of first array elements and a plurality of second array elements, wherein the four sides of each first array element are respectively connected with the first array elements or the second array elements, the first array elements are composed of N multiplied by N first super-surface units, and the second array elements are composed of N multiplied by N second super-surface units; n is more than or equal to 2;
the first subsurface unit comprises, in order from bottom to top: the diagonal line of the cube frame is perpendicular to the center of the steel plate and is connected with the steel plate through the solid column; the second subsurface unit consists of only steel plates.
2. The bubble-type underwater broadband diffuse reflection encoded acoustic subsurface of claim 1, wherein the solid columns and the cube frames of the first subsurface unit are both made of hydrophobic materials.
3. The bubble-type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface according to claim 1, wherein the length, width and height of the steel plate of the first super surface unit are the same as those of the steel plate of the second super surface, and the length, width and height of the steel plate are respectively 10mm, 10mm and 35-50 mm.
4. The bubble-type underwater broadband diffuse reflection encoded acoustic super surface according to claim 1, wherein the length h=2-5 mm of the solid column in the first super surface unit and the radius r=0.75-1 mm.
5. The bubble-type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface according to claim 1, wherein the cube frame is composed of 12 solid columns, the lengths H of the solid columns are h=2.5-3 mm, and the radii R of the solid columns are r=0.7-0.8 mm.
6. The method for manufacturing the bubble-type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super-surface according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of first super-surface units and second super-surface units are manufactured respectively, and a cube frame and a solid column structure are manufactured by using a hydrophobic material through a 3D printing method.
7. The method for producing an acoustic super surface for bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding according to claim 6, wherein n×n first super surface units are connected to each other and arranged in a matrix of N rows and N columns as first array elements; connecting N multiplied by N second super surface units to form a matrix with N rows and N columns, and taking the matrix as a second array element; the first array element and the second array element are connected and arranged into an M multiplied by M matrix, and then the super surface is prepared; wherein M is more than or equal to 2, and N is more than or equal to 2.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the wave reflection phase difference between the first and second super surface units is approximately 180 degrees and remains substantially stable by adjusting the dimensions of the cube frame and the solid pillars of the first super surface unit within a range of operating broadband frequencies.
9. The method for using the bubble type underwater broadband diffuse reflection coding acoustic super surface according to claim 1, wherein the code of a first array element consisting of a first super surface unit is set to be 1, the code of a second array element consisting of a second super surface unit is set to be 0, and the reflected wave control, resonance sound absorption and stealth are realized by adjusting the spatial arrangement of a coding sequence.
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