CN112886273A - Terahertz plane transmission array polarization torsion unit - Google Patents
Terahertz plane transmission array polarization torsion unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886273A CN112886273A CN202110060817.8A CN202110060817A CN112886273A CN 112886273 A CN112886273 A CN 112886273A CN 202110060817 A CN202110060817 A CN 202110060817A CN 112886273 A CN112886273 A CN 112886273A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
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Abstract
The invention relates to a terahertz plane transmission array polarization torsion unit, which consists of microstrip line branches in three directions, wherein the three branches converge at one point to form a shape similar to an arrow. The upper layer and the lower layer of the transmission unit are provided with mutually orthogonal microstrip grid structures, so that the polarization torsion efficiency is improved. By adjusting the lengths of the three branches and the integral axial angle, the transmission phase change from 0 degree to 360 degrees in a required working frequency band can be obtained, the insertion loss is less than 1dB, and the method is suitable for designing a high-gain terahertz plane metal transmission array based on a PCB (printed Circuit Board) process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave/terahertz.
Background
With the rapid development of scientific technology, wireless communication systems face more and more challenges, and wireless frequency band resources planned at the present stage gradually tend to be saturated and cannot meet the requirements of communication technology development. Therefore, attention is gradually turned to a terahertz frequency band which has not been developed and utilized. With the intensive research on the terahertz frequency band communication technology, the antenna is an indispensable component of wireless communication, and the technical index of the antenna has higher requirements and attracts more and more attention.
In the millimeter wave/terahertz frequency band, since the attenuation of electromagnetic waves in air is large, a high-gain antenna is generally required. In the microwave band, a conventional microstrip line antenna array can provide a very high gain, but when the frequency is raised to the terahertz band, the loss (including metal loss, dielectric loss and radiation loss) of the microstrip line severely limits the application of the microstrip line. At present, in various terahertz systems, components such as a dielectric lens and a parabolic antenna which are fed spatially are mostly used, and the components can realize a focusing function, have no loss generated by a feed network, and easily realize ultrahigh gain. However, it is not easy to install due to its large size, heavy weight and non-planar structure. This has limited their application in the trend of higher and higher integration and cost control requirements. The components such as the reflection array, the transmission array antenna, the reflector, the lens and the like based on the periodic plane structure have the advantages of the traditional parabolic antenna and the lens, have the characteristics of flexible design, small volume, easiness in processing, low cost and the like, and are very suitable for being used in a millimeter wave/terahertz frequency band.
At present, the main forms of the transmission array antenna are a multilayer microstrip type and a dielectric hole punching type, and the transmission array can be processed in a microwave/millimeter wave frequency band by utilizing a conventional PCB (printed circuit board) process technology. In the terahertz frequency band, due to the fact that the structural size of the unit is small, the requirement on machining precision is high, and the design precision requirement of most of planar structural units is difficult to meet by adopting a conventional PCB machining process. The micro-processing technology in optics can reach the processing precision of a micron level, meets the processing requirement of the terahertz frequency band device, but is complex in technology and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a terahertz planar transmission array polarization torsion unit based on a PCB process, the transmission unit consists of polarization grid bars positioned on an upper layer and a lower layer and an arrow-shaped metal support section positioned on a middle layer, and the terahertz planar transmission array polarization torsion unit has the characteristics of low cost, high gain, simple structure, flexible and adjustable transmission amplitude and phase, easiness in miniaturization and the like.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows: the terahertz plane transmission array polarization torsion unit provided by the invention comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal grid bar and an arrow-shaped metal branch section. Wherein: the two layers of medium substrates with the same thickness and material are formed by laminating prepregs, and the unit is square; the metal grid bar parts are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface, the number of the grid bars on the upper layer and the lower layer is three, and the direction of the grid bars on the upper layer is orthogonal to the direction of the grid bars on the lower layer; the arrow-shaped metal branch sections are partially positioned in the middle layer, the symmetry axes of the arrow-shaped metal branch sections are arranged along the diagonal direction of the unit, the lengths of the two metal branch sections which are perpendicular to each other can control the transmission phase, and the integral rotation angle of the arrow-shaped metal branch sections controls the transmission amplitude.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through the orthogonal configuration of the polarization grids, the transmission efficiency of the unit is improved, the transmitted wave has high polarization conversion efficiency and polarization purity, and meanwhile, the insertion loss of the unit is less than 1 dB.
2. The length change of the two metal branch sections in the shape of the single-layer arrow is utilized to realize the compensation phase shift of the transmission wave of 360 degrees, the structure is simple, the conventional PCB technology can be adopted for processing, and the planar terahertz transmission array antenna with low cost and high gain is easy to realize.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a terahertz planar transmission array polarization torsion unit, wherein 1 is an upper-layer polarization grid bar, 2 is an arrow-shaped metal support section, 3 is a lower-layer polarization grid bar, 4 is an upper-layer dielectric plate, and 5 is a lower-layer dielectric plate.
FIG. 2 is a partial top view of the arrowhead-shaped metal struts of FIG. 1, wherein the length of the struts perpendicular to each other is L, and the overall structure has a diagonal as a symmetry axis, and wherein the arrowhead-shaped metal struts can be rotated along the center by an angle α.
Fig. 3 is a 25 x 25 planar transmissive array of the transmissive elements of fig. 2, each element having a size corresponding to a desired transmission phase in the array.
FIG. 4 is the insertion loss of 0.1THz for the metal stub length L of FIG. 2 varying from 0.2mm to 0.6 mm.
Fig. 5 is the transmission phase of 0.1THz for the metal stub length L of fig. 2 varying from 0.2mm to 0.6 mm.
Fig. 6 shows the insertion loss of 0.1THz when the rotation angle α of the arrow-like structure as a whole is changed from 0 ° to 30 ° in fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a transmission phase of 0.1THz when the overall rotation angle α of the arrow-shaped structure in fig. 2 is changed from 0 ° to 30 °.
Fig. 8 is a comparison of the E-plane pattern of a 25 x 25 planar transmissive array of transmissive elements of the present invention with that of a pyramidal horn.
Fig. 9 is a comparison of the H-plane pattern of a pyramidal horn with a 25 x 25 planar transmissive array of transmissive elements of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention designs an arrow-shaped polarization torsion unit working in a terahertz frequency band, and the transmission efficiency of the unit is improved by adding a polarization grid; and the transmission phase of 360 degrees is covered by adopting an axisymmetric rotating arrow, so that the phase compensation required by the transmission array is realized. Due to the simple special symmetrical structure, the precision requirement of the unit size is lowered, and the low-cost and high-gain planar terahertz transmission array antenna can be realized by adopting the conventional PCB technology processing technology.
The invention is illustrated below with reference to a 25 x 25 terahertz planar transmission array embodiment.
The periodic structure design can analyze the element matching characteristics in the array by adopting an infinite period boundary. As shown in fig. 1, uniformly distributed metal grids are respectively printed on the upper and lower surfaces of a double-layer dielectric plate, the grid directions of the upper and lower layers are orthogonal, an arrow-shaped metal structure is printed on the middle layer of the double-layer dielectric plate, the dielectric plate adopts Taconic RF-35 with the thickness of 0.127mm, and the dielectric constant and the loss tangent angle at the frequency point of 0.1THz are respectively 3.5 and 0.0011; the upper-layer polarization grid is arranged along the direction of an x axis, the width of the upper-layer polarization grid is 0.23mm, the interval of the upper-layer polarization grid is 0.23mm, and the polarization selection function can be realized, namely, incident waves of y polarization can penetrate through the upper-layer polarization grid, and incident waves of x polarization can be reflected; the middle layer is an arrow-shaped structure, the length of the mutually vertical branch sections is L, the width of the mutually vertical branch sections is 0.23mm, the length of the branch sections along the diagonal line is 3mm, the symmetrical axis of the branch sections is arranged along the diagonal line of the unit, and the arrow-shaped structure can realize the function of polarization conversion; the lower surface is a polarization grid placed along the y-axis direction, and the parameters are the same as those of the upper surface. Therefore, when the cell is irradiated by the normally incident x-polarized electromagnetic wave, the arrow-shaped structure induces the x-polarized current and the y-polarized current simultaneously, and due to the existence of the polarization grid in the x direction, the x-polarized wave scattered by the arrow-shaped structure will be reflected by the polarization grid, and the y-polarized wave scattered by the arrow-shaped structure can pass through the polarization grid.
In order to realize 360 ° transmission phase coverage, the size of L is adjusted to change the transmission phase of the cell as shown in fig. 2, a 180 ° transmission phase change is obtained when the length L of the metal stub is changed from 0.2mm to 0.6mm as shown in fig. 4, and a transmission phase change corresponding to the other half 180 ° can be obtained by rotating the arrow-shaped structure of the cell by 90 ° along the center of the cell. Transmission coefficients for different lengths L at 0.1THz as shown in fig. 3, it can be observed that a phase coverage of 360 ° has been satisfied, while the maximum transmission loss is about 0.85d B. In addition, when the rotation angle α of the arrow-shaped structure as a whole is changed from 0 ° to 30 °, the insertion loss of 0.1THz gradually increases from 0.82dB to 8.49dB (fig. 5), while the corresponding transmission phase hardly changes (fig. 6).
The arrow-shaped elements of the three-layer transmission array wavefront are distributed as shown in fig. 7, the wavefront is composed of 25 × 25 elements, the corresponding aperture size is 34.5 × 34.5mm, polarization grids with the width and the interval of 0.23mm are distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the three-layer transmission array, and the directions of the polarization grids in the two surfaces are mutually orthogonal. The designed transmission array antenna is fed by a pyramid horn with the gain of 20dBi and approximately equalized radiation angles of E-plane and H-plane directional patterns, and the focal ratio (F/D) of the transmission array antenna is 1. Fig. 8 and 9 show the E-plane and H-plane CST full-wave simulation gain and radiation patterns of the transmissive array antenna and the feed pyramid horn, respectively. It can be seen that: the gain of the transmission array antenna is higher than that of the feed horn by about 8dB, and the high-gain characteristic is realized.
The foregoing is a detailed description of the present invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. For those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions, such as the design of non-polarized bars or single-layer polarized bars, can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a terahertz plane transmission array polarization torsion unit which characterized in that: the unit comprises a medium substrate, metal grid bars and an arrow-shaped metal branch section; the two layers of medium substrates with the same thickness and material are formed by laminating prepregs, and the unit is square; the metal grid bars are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the two layers of media, the number of the grid bars on the upper layer and the lower layer is three, and the direction of the grid bars on the upper layer is orthogonal to the direction of the grid bars on the lower layer; the arrow-shaped metal branch sections are positioned in the middle layer, the symmetry axes of the arrow-shaped metal branch sections are arranged along the diagonal direction of the unit, the lengths of the two metal branch sections which are perpendicular to each other can control the transmission phase, and the integral rotation angle of the arrow-shaped metal branch sections controls the transmission amplitude.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113690629A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-23 | 北京理工大学 | Transmission lens with independently regulated phase and amplitude and transmission array antenna |
| CN113991323A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-28 | 重庆邮电大学 | Transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously |
| CN115036715A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-09-09 | 成都频岢微电子有限公司 | Broadband high-efficiency polarization rotation transmission array antenna |
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| CN105305048A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Wide-angle circularly-polarized super surface antenna |
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| CN210182581U (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2020-03-24 | 南京邮电大学 | Single-layer THz broadband wave absorber based on vanadium dioxide regulation |
| CN111710990A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-25 | 中国计量大学 | Dual-band terahertz polarization converter |
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2021
- 2021-01-18 CN CN202110060817.8A patent/CN112886273B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
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| WO2013187690A1 (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2013-12-19 | 한국과학기술원 | Terahertz-wave polarizer using extraordinary optical transmission and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN105305048A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Wide-angle circularly-polarized super surface antenna |
| CN206742468U (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-12-12 | 中央民族大学 | A kind of broadband, frequency-selecting, high reflectance terahertz filter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113690629A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-23 | 北京理工大学 | Transmission lens with independently regulated phase and amplitude and transmission array antenna |
| CN113991323A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-28 | 重庆邮电大学 | Transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously |
| CN115036715A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-09-09 | 成都频岢微电子有限公司 | Broadband high-efficiency polarization rotation transmission array antenna |
| CN115036715B (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-12-13 | 成都频岢微电子有限公司 | Broadband high-efficiency polarization rotation transmission array antenna |
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