CN113991323A - Transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously - Google Patents
Transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously Download PDFInfo
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- CN113991323A CN113991323A CN202111281852.9A CN202111281852A CN113991323A CN 113991323 A CN113991323 A CN 113991323A CN 202111281852 A CN202111281852 A CN 202111281852A CN 113991323 A CN113991323 A CN 113991323A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase regulated simultaneously, belonging to the technical field of antennas. The broadband transmission amplitude phase unit is composed of a first metal sheet, a first dielectric plate, a second metal sheet, a second dielectric plate and a third metal sheet. The first metal sheet and the third metal sheet are in rectangular structures. The second metal sheet is a square open ring structure. The first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate have the same height and material, the dielectric is F4B, the dielectric constant is 2.65, and the loss tangent is 0.001. The working center frequency of the invention is 25GHz, and the unit transmission amplitude and phase can be simultaneously and independently regulated and controlled by changing the direction and the size of the square ring opening. The unit can realize the full-coverage regulation and control of the transmission amplitude in a range of 0 to 1 and the transmission phase in 360 degrees, and the performance of the transmission array antenna is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and relates to a transmission array antenna unit with a wide frequency band and simultaneously regulated amplitude and phase.
Background
The transmission array antenna is a novel high-gain antenna, combines the advantages of a lens antenna and a microstrip array, has an extremely low profile, a light and easy-to-process structure, high radiation efficiency, low cost and no need of a complex feed network, and can independently control the phase of a transmission array unit, thereby greatly improving the flexibility of the radiation characteristic of the transmission array. More importantly, the transmissive array has no feed blocking problem compared to the reflective array antenna, which makes the transmissive array more efficient. Conventional amplitude and phase units are mostly based on C-shaped structured reflective units. In order to obtain higher transmittance, a transmissive array cell is usually designed by stacking a plurality of metal layers and dielectric layers, and the transmission amplitude of the cell cannot be changed by changing structural parameters. In order to achieve simultaneous amplitude and phase modulation, additional complex structures are usually introduced. These methods all make the cell structure complex and difficult to process, and the amplitude and phase control of the cells can affect each other. In order to realize higher-level electromagnetic wave regulation in a broadband, the invention provides a transmission array antenna unit for synchronously regulating and controlling broadband amplitude and phase. The continuous change of the transmission amplitude of 0-1 and the transmission phase of 0-360 degrees is realized by changing the direction and the size of the opening of the square metal ring. The simultaneous design of amplitude and phase can effectively improve the performance of the array antenna, for example, the low side lobe antenna is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a transmissive array antenna unit with wide-band amplitude and phase adjusted simultaneously.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a wide-band transmission array antenna unit with simultaneous amplitude and phase modulation, comprising from top to bottom: the first metal sheet, the first dielectric plate, the second metal sheet, the second dielectric plate and the third metal sheet; the proposed reflectarray antenna is a planar structure and is placed horizontally along xoy.
Optionally, the first metal sheet and the third metal sheet are respectively located on the top layer and the bottom layer of the whole unit; the second metal sheet is a square split ring and is positioned in the middle layer of the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate of the two dielectric plates; the first metal sheet and the third metal sheet have the same size, are both rectangular structures and are respectively placed along the x axis and the y axis; the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate have the same size.
Optionally, the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are set to be F4B, the dielectric constant is 2.65, the tangent of the loss angle is 0.001, and the thicknesses of the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are both 1 mm.
When the y-polarized incident wave is vertically incident along the-z direction, the polarization direction of the transmitted wave is along the x direction; when an x-polarized incident wave is vertically incident along the + z direction, the polarization direction of a transmitted wave is along the y direction; incident waves are respectively incident along the +/-z direction;
optionally, a square ring opening is formed in the second metal layer, and when the direction of the opening is changed, the change of the amplitude of the transmitted wave is realized, and the continuous change of the 0-1 transmission amplitude is realized.
Optionally, a square ring opening is formed in the second metal layer, and when the size of the opening is changed, the phase of the transmitted wave is changed, so that the continuous change of the transmission phase of 0-360 degrees is realized.
Optionally, the working center frequency point of the antenna unit is 25GHz, and continuous changes of 0-1 amplitude and 0-360 degrees of phase are realized; the amplitude change and the phase change of the unit are not affected by each other; the regulation and control capability of the unit on the electromagnetic waves is improved through independent change of the amplitude and the phase.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the transmission array antenna unit with the broadband amplitude and the phase regulated simultaneously regulates the transmission amplitude by regulating the cross polarization conversion rate, is more flexible in design compared with the traditional phase shift unit, and has higher control precision on electromagnetic waves.
2. The transmission array antenna unit with the wide frequency band amplitude and phase regulated and controlled simultaneously has the characteristic of variable polarization, and the polarization of transmitted waves is orthogonal to that of incident waves, so that the polarization orthogonal isolation is realized;
3. the transmission array antenna unit with the wide frequency band amplitude and phase regulated simultaneously can realize independent regulation of amplitude and phase in the wide frequency band through the optimization unit structure, and has wider application value;
4. the transmission array antenna unit with the simultaneously regulated and controlled broadband amplitude and phase selects two layers of F4B materials with the thickness of 1mm as the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, has lower cost in high-frequency plates, and has the characteristics of miniaturization and integration while keeping low loss and high performance.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a wide-band transmission array antenna unit with simultaneous amplitude and phase control according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a middle-layer open square-ring structure of a transmission array antenna unit with simultaneous modulation of broadband amplitude and phase according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a transmission amplitude diagram of a wide-band transmission array antenna unit with simultaneous amplitude and phase modulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a transmission phase diagram of a wide-band amplitude and phase modulated transmission array antenna unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a transmission coefficient diagram of a wide-band amplitude and phase modulated transmission array antenna unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a transmission array low side lobe antenna composed of transmission array antenna units with wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted simultaneously according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a transmission array low sidelobe antenna directional diagram composed of transmission array antenna units with broadband amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-a first metal sheet, 2-a first dielectric plate, 3-a second metal sheet, 4-a second dielectric plate, and 5-a third metal sheet; 6-square ring opening.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention provides a transmission array antenna unit with a wide frequency band amplitude and a wide frequency band phase regulated simultaneously, which has the following specific implementation scheme:
the transmission array antenna unit for simultaneously adjusting and controlling the amplitude and the phase of the broadband according to fig. 1 and fig. 2 is composed of a first metal sheet 1, a first dielectric plate 2, a second metal sheet 3, a second dielectric plate 4 and a third metal sheet 5; the transmission array antenna unit with the broadband amplitude and the phase regulated and controlled simultaneously is of a planar structure and is horizontally arranged along xoy; the first metal sheet 1 and the third metal sheet 5 of the transmission array antenna unit with the broadband amplitude and the phase regulated and controlled simultaneously are respectively positioned on the top layer and the bottom layer of the whole unit; the second metal sheet 3 is a square split ring and is positioned in the middle layer of the first dielectric plate 2 and the second dielectric plate 4 of the two dielectric plates; the first metal sheet 1 and the third metal sheet 5 have the same size, are both rectangular structures and are respectively placed along the x axis and the y axis; the first dielectric plate 2 and the second dielectric plate 4 have the same size; the first dielectric plate 2 and the second dielectric plate 4 of the broadband transmission array antenna unit with the amplitude and the phase regulated simultaneously are set to be F4B, the dielectric constant is 2.65, the tangent value of the loss angle is 0.001, and the thicknesses of the first dielectric plate 2 and the second dielectric plate 4 are both 1 mm; the transmission array antenna unit with the broadband amplitude and the phase regulated simultaneously has cross polarization characteristics, and when y-polarized incident waves vertically enter along the-z direction, the polarization direction of the transmission waves is along the x direction; when an x-polarized incident wave is vertically incident along the + z direction, the polarization direction of a transmitted wave is along the y direction; the transmission array antenna unit with the broadband amplitude and the phase regulated and controlled simultaneously realizes the change of the amplitude of the transmission wave and the continuous change of the transmission amplitude of 0-1 by changing the direction of the square ring opening 6 of the second metal layer 3; the transmission array antenna unit with the broadband amplitude and phase regulated and controlled simultaneously realizes the change of the phase of the transmission wave by changing the size of the square ring opening 6 of the second metal layer 3, and realizes the continuous change of the transmission phase of 0-360 degrees; the transmission array antenna unit with the broadband amplitude and the phase regulated simultaneously can realize independent regulation and control of the transmission amplitude and the phase by regulating and controlling the direction and the size of the square ring opening 6.
In the invention, the working center frequency point of the transmission array antenna unit is 25GHz, and the period P of the optimization unit is sub-wavelength, namely 2.4 mm; the first metal sheet 1 and the third metal sheet 5 have the same length and width, which are 2.4mm and 1mm, respectively; the first dielectric sheet 2 and the second dielectric sheet 4 have the same height h of 1 mm; side length w of metal square open ring 322mm, width w30.15 mm; in order to meet independent and full-coverage regulation and control of transmission amplitude and phase, the specific variation range of the opening direction angle alpha of the square ring opening 6 is preferably 1-45 degrees and 91-135 degrees, and the specific variation range of the opening size beta of the square ring opening 6 is preferably 10-180 degrees;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the variation of the transmission amplitude of the transmission array antenna unit with the simultaneous adjustment of the broadband amplitude and the phase along the opening direction alpha of the square ring, wherein the simulation frequency range is 10-40 GHz. Simulation results show that when alpha changes from 1-45 degrees, the transmission amplitude regulation range of the unit can reach 0-1, and the transmission amplitude of the unit has stability.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the variation of the transmission amplitude of the transmission array antenna unit with the wide-band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously along the direction alpha of the opening of the square ring and the size beta of the opening, and the simulation frequency range is 10-40 GHz. Simulation results show that the variation range of the transmission phase of the unit can reach 0-360 degrees by changing the values of alpha and beta, and the transmission phase of the unit has good stability.
Fig. 5 is a transmission coefficient diagram of a transmission array antenna unit with a wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously, and simulation results show that the designed unit can achieve full coverage adjustment and control of transmission amplitude and phase.
Fig. 6 is an array antenna structure formed by expanding the wide-band transmission array antenna units with simultaneously controlled amplitude and phase in the vertical and horizontal directions, wherein the amplitude distribution is in a dalton-chebyshev form. 1600 units are used to form a 40 × 40 two-dimensional square aperture transmission array antenna structure, and the distance between adjacent units is 2.4mm and extends along the directions of the x axis and the y axis.
Fig. 7 is a gain pattern of a transmission array antenna composed of transmission array antenna units with wide-band amplitude and phase adjusted simultaneously, and the working frequency of the gain pattern is 25 GHz. Simulation results show that the gain of the transmission array antenna is 25.11dBi, the level of the side lobe is-27.8 dB, and the transmission array antenna unit with the broadband amplitude and the phase regulated and controlled simultaneously can reduce the side lobe of the antenna.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase regulated simultaneously is characterized in that: the antenna unit includes from top to bottom: the dielectric plate comprises a first metal sheet (1), a first dielectric plate (2), a second metal sheet (3), a second dielectric plate (4) and a third metal sheet (5); the proposed reflectarray antenna is a planar structure and is placed horizontally along xoy.
2. The wide-band simultaneous amplitude and phase modulating transreflective array antenna element of claim 1, wherein: the first metal sheet (1) and the third metal sheet (5) are respectively positioned at the top layer and the bottom layer of the whole unit; the second metal sheet (3) is arranged to be a square split ring and is positioned in the middle layer of the first dielectric plate (2) and the second dielectric plate (4); the first metal sheet (1) and the third metal sheet (5) have the same size, are rectangular in structure and are respectively placed along the x axis and the y axis; the first dielectric plate (2) and the second dielectric plate (4) have the same size.
3. The wide-band simultaneous amplitude and phase modulating transreflective array antenna element of claim 1, wherein: the first dielectric plate (2) and the second dielectric plate (4) are set to be F4B, the dielectric constant is 2.65, the tangent value of the loss angle is 0.001, and the thicknesses of the first dielectric plate (2) and the second dielectric plate (4) are both 1 mm.
When the y-polarized incident wave is vertically incident along the-z direction, the polarization direction of the transmitted wave is along the x direction; when an x-polarized incident wave is vertically incident along the + z direction, the polarization direction of a transmitted wave is along the y direction; the incident waves are incident along the + -z direction respectively.
4. The wide-band simultaneous amplitude and phase modulating transreflective array antenna element of claim 1, wherein: the second metal layer (3) is provided with a square ring opening (6), and when the direction of the opening is changed, the change of the amplitude of the transmitted wave is realized, and the continuous change of the transmission amplitude of 0-1 is realized.
5. The wide-band simultaneous amplitude and phase modulating transreflective array antenna element of claim 4, wherein: the second metal layer (3) is provided with a square ring opening (6), and when the size of the opening is changed, the phase of the transmitted wave is changed, and the continuous change of the transmission phase of 0-360 degrees is realized.
6. The wide-band simultaneous amplitude and phase modulating transreflective array antenna element of claim 5, wherein: the working center frequency point of the antenna unit is 25GHz, and continuous changes of 0-1 amplitude and 0-360 degrees of phase are realized; the amplitude change and the phase change of the unit are not affected by each other; the regulation and control capability of the unit on the electromagnetic waves is improved through independent change of the amplitude and the phase.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111281852.9A CN113991323A (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111281852.9A CN113991323A (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously |
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| CN113991323A true CN113991323A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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| CN202111281852.9A Pending CN113991323A (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Transmission array antenna unit with wide frequency band amplitude and phase adjusted and controlled simultaneously |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112886273A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | Terahertz plane transmission array polarization torsion unit |
| CN113097735A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-09 | 南京大学 | Multifunctional super-surface and stealth antenna |
-
2021
- 2021-11-01 CN CN202111281852.9A patent/CN113991323A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112886273A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | Terahertz plane transmission array polarization torsion unit |
| CN113097735A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-09 | 南京大学 | Multifunctional super-surface and stealth antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 郝宏刚等: ""宽频多模态涡旋电磁波超表面设计"", 《微波学报》, vol. 37, no. 5, 31 October 2021 (2021-10-31), pages 63 - 67 * |
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