CN218431684U

CN218431684U - Anechoic tile

Info

Publication number: CN218431684U
Application number: CN202222149806.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪承磊; 吴亮
Original assignee: Shanghai Beiwei New Mstar Technology Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Beiwei New Mstar Technology Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-16
Filing date: 2022-08-16
Publication date: 2023-02-03
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anechoic tile relates to acoustics overburden technical field, including the frid, the perforated plate, acoustic baffle and planking, the perforated plate level inlays the dress in the frid, the planking is laid on the frid and is covered the perforated plate, the acoustic baffle is laid and is used for filling the space between perforated plate and the planking on the perforated plate, the penetration that has a plurality of vertical orientations of edge and set up on the perforated plate, the frid has seted up a plurality of vertical shrinkage pools on the face with perforated plate bottom contact, shrinkage pool and the random straggly distribution of penetration make to be formed with the cavity of reducing between shrinkage pool and the penetration, the utility model discloses can effectively widen sound absorption frequency range, improve sound absorption performance to initiative sonar sound wave and navigation ware self radiation sound wave to external world coming all have good absorption effect.

Description

Silencing tile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an acoustics overburden technical field especially relates to an anechoic tile.

Background

The anechoic tile is a novel submarine stealth equipment which is gradually matured along with the development of modern sound absorption materials, is mainly used for improving the concealment of an underwater vehicle, and the key for improving the concealment lies in that: one is to reduce the radiation of self vibration and noise energy to the external environment and reduce the detectable or sensible distance of the passive sonar of the enemy; one is to absorb and consume the enemy active sonar, reduce the return energy of the enemy active sonar and reduce the echo intensity, thereby achieving the concealment that is not easy to detect.

Patent document CN202120425985.8 discloses an anechoic tile attached to the outer surface of a shell of an underwater vehicle and the underwater vehicle, wherein the anechoic tile is formed by closely arranging a plurality of connected regular hexagonal prism-shaped unit cell structures, and the unit cell structures sequentially comprise, from the direction close to the shell to the direction far away from the shell: the projections of a regular hexagon formed by the outer surface profiles of the substrate layer, the sound absorption layer and the sound transmission layer in the axial direction of the regular hexagonal prism are overlapped; the sound absorption layer comprises an inner material layer and a carbon fiber skeleton wrapping the inner material layer, the carbon fiber skeleton and the outer contour of the inner material layer are both in a regular hexagon shape, and a cavity longitudinally penetrating through the inner material layer is formed in the inner material layer. The utility model discloses a though there is good sound absorption performance, nevertheless because the reducing of its inside cavity is the same for absorbable sound audio frequency section is comparatively single, consequently still has the space of improving.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For solving the technical problem who exists among the background art, the utility model provides an anechoic tile, include: the perforated plate is horizontally embedded in the trough plate, the outer plate is laid on the trough plate and covers the perforated plate, the perforated plate is provided with a plurality of penetrating holes formed in the vertical direction, a plurality of vertical concave holes are formed in the surface, contacting with the bottom of the perforated plate, of the trough plate, and the concave holes and the penetrating holes are distributed in a staggered mode randomly to form variable-diameter cavities between the concave holes and the penetrating holes.

As a further optimization of the scheme, concave holes with at least two apertures exist on the groove plate, penetrating holes with at least two apertures exist on the perforated plate, and the perforation rates of the groove plate and the perforated plate are not higher than 20%.

As a further optimization of the scheme, the sound absorption plate is further included, and the sound absorption plate is laid on the perforated plate and used for filling a gap between the perforated plate and the outer plate.

According to the scheme, the groove plate, the perforated plate and the outer plate are all viscoelastic damping material plates, the viscoelastic damping material plates are made of polyurethane damping materials, butyl rubber damping materials or damping alloys, and the sound absorption plates are aluminum fiber sound absorption plates or carbon fiber sound absorption plates.

As the further optimization of the scheme, the slot plate, the perforated plate, the sound absorption plate and the outer plate are sequentially and tightly stacked from bottom to top, and the outer plate and the edge of the slot plate form a unified whole through vulcanization treatment.

Has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses in the silencing tile that proposes, constituted the resonance sound absorbing structure of sheet metal between frid and the planking, inside perforated plate and acoustic baffle have constituted the perforation sound absorbing structure again simultaneously, and the combined type sound absorbing structure who forms from this has widened sound absorption frequency range greatly to sound absorption performance has been improved.

2. The utility model discloses in the provided anechoic tile, the penetration hole distributes with the shrinkage pool random fault and has formed the cavity that has different reducing, and different cavities can absorb the sound of different frequency bands, make total sound absorption frequency band widen, have further promoted sound absorption performance, and simultaneously, the existence of cavity has increased the compressibility of material under the acoustic pressure, and the friction of air motion and the shearing of material can both play the attenuation to the acoustic wave.

3. The utility model discloses in the noise elimination tile that proposes, the viscoelastic damping material of polymer has high internal friction characteristic, and when mechanical energy such as sound wave and vibration acted on the material, viscoelastic damping material reached the damping and fallen the purpose of making an uproar with this energy conversion, absorption and dissipation ceaselessly, and then reduced the detection distance of enemy passive sonar.

4. The utility model discloses in the characteristic impedance mismatch of the characteristic impedance of the frid that provides, with the contact of the aircraft shell and sea water for the acoustic energy is difficult for getting into and passing through, and the material has very high damping loss performance, the effect of decoupling appears between casing and sea water side, can reflect and again can absorb vibration and the sound wave energy that the consumption comes from the casing, reduce to the sea water side radiation, and the material characteristic impedance of planking pursues and is close to the sea water, can promote the enemy sound wave and get into and consume the absorption in the noise elimination tile, reduce the reflection of enemy sound wave.

5. The utility model discloses in the noise damping tile that proposes, the acoustic baffle also plays macroscopic supporting role to the damping material planking on top layer, prevents that the cavity from reaching the deformation limit under high water pressure.

6. The utility model discloses in the noise elimination tile that proposes, perforated plate and acoustic baffle can produce sliding friction under mechanical wave excitation and cavity warp, and the shearing friction of polymer in the aggravation material further promotes the power consumption effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an anechoic tile provided by the present invention;

fig. 2 is a structural sectional view of a groove plate of an anechoic tile according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of a perforated plate of an anechoic tile provided by the utility model.

Wherein:

1. a groove plate; 11. concave holes; 2. a perforated plate; 21. a through hole; 3. a sound absorbing panel; 4. and (7) an outer plate.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-3, the utility model provides an anechoic tile, mainly apply to underwater vehicle, including frid 1, perforated plate 2, acoustic baffle 3 and planking 4, frid 1 can be attached on the aircraft shell, and its top surface has the recess of adaptation installation perforated plate 2 and acoustic baffle 3, and acoustic baffle 3 lays on perforated plate 2, and planking 4 lays on frid 1 and covers acoustic baffle 3, and frid 1, perforated plate 2, acoustic baffle 3 and planking 4 are closely piled up in proper order from bottom to top, and planking 4 forms unified whole through the vulcanization with frid 1 edge;

the trough plate 1, the perforated plate 2 and the outer plate 4 are all viscoelastic damping material plates, the viscoelastic damping material plates can be made of high-molecular materials with high damping loss factors, such as damping materials of polyurethane, butyl rubber and the like, and can also be made of damping alloy and the like, the materials have high internal consumption characteristics, and when mechanical energy such as sound waves, vibration and the like acts on the materials, the viscoelastic damping materials continuously convert, absorb and dissipate the energy, so that the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved, and the detection distance of the passive sonar of the enemy is further reduced;

the loss factor of the viscoelastic damping material plates used by the groove plate 1, the perforated plate 2 and the outer plate 4 is required to be more than 0.03 at the temperature of a working environment, the loss factor is also called loss factor, damping factor or internal loss or loss tangent and is the ratio of the energy dissipated per cycle to the maximum energy storage in one cycle, the size of the loss factor represents the viscoelastic property of the material, the larger the loss factor is, the larger the viscosity of the material is, and the smaller the loss factor is, the larger the elasticity of the material is;

in addition, characteristic impedance parameters of the viscoelastic damping material need to be considered, the characteristic impedance is the product of material density and the propagation speed of sound waves in the material, the characteristic impedance value of the outer plate 4 needs to be close to that of seawater, so that sonar waves can easily penetrate into the anechoic tile, the sound wave reflection of active sonar is minimized, the stealth effect can be achieved, the characteristic impedance value of the perforated plate 2 is also close to that of seawater, and the characteristic impedance value of the trough plate 1 needs to be seriously mismatched with that of seawater, so that sound energy is not easy to enter and pass, and the radiation of the sound waves to the seawater side is reduced;

the sound absorption plate 3 is an aluminum fiber sound absorption plate or a carbon fiber sound absorption plate, and the sound absorption plate 3 can also play a macroscopic supporting role on the outer plate 4 of the surface layer and prevent deformation under high water pressure;

the groove plate 1 is at least provided with more than two concave holes 11 with different pore diameters, the pore types are not limited, the concave holes 11 are distributed randomly, the perforation rate of the groove plate 1 is not higher than 20%, the perforated plate 2 is provided with a plurality of penetrating holes 21 which are distributed randomly along the vertical direction, the penetrating holes 21 are at least provided with more than two pore diameters, the pore types are not limited, the perforation rate is not higher than 20%, and the penetrating holes 21 and the concave holes 11 are distributed in a staggered manner to form a reducing cavity between the concave holes 11 and the penetrating holes 21. Constitute sheet metal resonance sound absorption structure between planking 4 and frid 1, inside perforated plate 2 has constituted the perforation sound absorption structure again with acoustic baffle 3 simultaneously, the combined type sound absorption structure who forms from this, the sound absorption frequency range has been widened greatly, and the sound absorption performance has been improved, and the cavity of the different reducing that the through-hole 21 and shrinkage pool 11 random distribution formed is as the sound chamber, form resonance sound absorption structure, every sound chamber absorbs a subsection frequency band respectively, make total sound absorption frequency band widen, further improved the sound absorption performance, and simultaneously, the existence of cavity has increased the compressibility of material under the acoustic pressure, the friction of air motion and the shearing of material can both play the attenuation to the acoustic wave.

In the anechoic tile of the embodiment, the outer plate 4 is used as the side facing the seawater, and is not too thick under the condition of meeting the strength requirement.

In the specific working process of the anechoic tile, the viscoelastic damping material has high internal consumption characteristic, when mechanical energy such as sound waves, vibration and the like acts on the material, the viscoelastic damping material continuously converts, absorbs and dissipates the energy to achieve the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction, the sound waves from the seawater side can easily enter the anechoic tile, a thin-plate resonance sound absorption structure is formed between the inner and outer plates 4 and the groove plate 1 of the anechoic tile, the inner perforated plate 2 and the sound absorption plate 3 form a perforated sound absorption structure, the formed composite sound absorption structure greatly widens the sound absorption frequency range and improves the sound absorption performance, different reducing cavities formed by random staggered distribution of the penetrating holes 21 and the concave holes 11 are used as sound cavities to form the resonance sound absorption structure, each sound cavity respectively absorbs a frequency band, the total sound absorption frequency band is widened, the sound absorption performance is further improved, the compressibility of the material under the condition of sound pressure is increased, the friction of air movement and the shearing of the material can play a role in damping and material shearing, in contact with the small segment of the sound absorption frequency band, the sound absorption characteristics of the sound absorption structure and the sound absorption structure can not easily enter the underwater vibration of the underwater vehicle shell, and the sound absorption structure, and the sound absorption characteristics of the sea water can not only can be easily separated from the sea wave absorption shell and separated from the sea wave absorption shell, and the sea water absorption characteristic can be separated from the sea water absorption property.

The utility model provides an anechoic tile also can apply to industrial equipment, utilizes its good sound absorption performance to absorb vibration and sound wave energy that consumption comes from industrial equipment, reduces to external propagation and radiation.

The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anechoic tile, comprising: frid (1), perforated plate (2) and planking (4), perforated plate (2) level inlays and adorn in frid (1), planking (4) are laid on frid (1) and are covered perforated plate (2), perforated plate (2) have a plurality of penetrating holes (21) of seting up along vertical direction, a plurality of vertical shrinkage pools (11) have been seted up in frid (1) on the face of contacting with perforated plate (2) bottom, shrinkage pools (11) and penetrating holes (21) are distributed at random the mistake and are formed with the cavity of reducing between shrinkage pools (11) and penetrating holes (21).

2. An anechoic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess (11) of at least two sizes is present in the channel plate (1), the through-going hole (21) of at least two sizes is present in the perforated plate (2), and the perforation rates of the channel plate (1) and the perforated plate (2) are not higher than 20%.

3. An anechoic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an acoustic panel (3), the panel (3) being laid on the perforated panel (2) to fill the space between the perforated panel (2) and the outer panel (4).

4. The anechoic tile according to claim 3, characterized in that the groove plate (1), the perforated plate (2) and the outer plate (4) are all viscoelastic damping material plates, the viscoelastic damping material plates are polyurethane damping materials, butyl rubber damping materials or damping alloys, and the acoustic panel (3) is an aluminum fiber acoustic panel or a carbon fiber acoustic panel.

5. The anechoic tile according to claim 3, characterized in that the groove plate (1), the perforated plate (2), the sound absorbing plate (3) and the outer plate (4) are tightly stacked from bottom to top in sequence, and the outer plate (4) and the edge of the groove plate (1) are formed into a unified whole through vulcanization treatment.