CN105620697A - Multilayer material combined cavity anechoic tile - Google Patents

Multilayer material combined cavity anechoic tile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105620697A
CN105620697A CN201610054911.1A CN201610054911A CN105620697A CN 105620697 A CN105620697 A CN 105620697A CN 201610054911 A CN201610054911 A CN 201610054911A CN 105620697 A CN105620697 A CN 105620697A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cavity
layer
sound
combination
multilayer material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610054911.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
楼京俊
杨庆超
刘国强
李爽
刘树勇
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Naval University of Engineering PLA
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Naval University of Engineering PLA
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Publication date
Application filed by Naval University of Engineering PLA filed Critical Naval University of Engineering PLA
Priority to CN201610054911.1A priority Critical patent/CN105620697A/en
Publication of CN105620697A publication Critical patent/CN105620697A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/39—Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a multilayer material combined cavity anechoic tile which consists of a surface layer, a punching layer and a base layer, wherein mixed type cavity structures consisting of circular-table-shaped cavities and horn-shaped cavities are arranged in the punching layer in an arrayed manner; a punching rate of the circular-table-shaped cavities is 10-20%; a punching rate of the horn-shaped cavities is 1-2%; each mixed type cavity structure consists of one circular-table-shaped cavities and two to six horn-shaped cavities; the surface layer is made of sound transmission polyurethane elastomer; the punching layer is made of polyurethane double-layer compound foam sound absorption material; the base layer is made of butyl rubber matched with the impedance of a housing of an underwater navigation vehicle; and the surface layer, the punching layer and the base layer are glued through an adhesive sequentially, and are subjected to integrated cold-press moulding.

Description

A kind of multilayer material combination cavity sound eliminating tile
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of silencing apparatus, specifically has the sound eliminating tile of multilayer material combination cavity structure, belongs to vibration and noise reducing field.
Background technology
Producing mechanical noise, propeller noise and hydrodynamic noise when submarine navigation device moves under water, noise is excessive easily by enemy's sonar detection, thus affecting its disguised and safety. For reducing the detection range of enemy's sonar and promoting the operating distance of self sonar, aircraft shell lays sound eliminating tile under water is a kind of very effective measure, sound eliminating tile of good performance can not only absorb the detection sound wave of major part enemy's active sonar, and can suppress the outside propagation of self-noise.
At present, submarine navigation device sound eliminating tile is made up of the single or multilayer rubber material that acoustic impedance is bigger mostly has certain thickness block rubber, has multiple cylinder or conical cavity structure inside block rubber. Above-mentioned sound eliminating tile can play good soundproof effect in certain frequency range, but noise elimination frequency band is narrower, particularly poor at low-frequency range acoustically effective. The present invention is directed to the problem improving low-frequency range acoustically effective, widening sound absorption frequency range, invent a kind of multilayer material combination cavity sound eliminating tile.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the sound eliminating tile of a kind of multilayer material combination cavity, it is capable of broad band low frequency efficiently to absorb sound, and there is certain noise reduction performance, shorten the operating distance of enemy's sonar, promote the operating distance of self sonar, thus improving disguise and the safety of submarine navigation device.
Multilayer material combination cavity structure sound eliminating tile, it is made up of top layer 1, perforated layer 2 and basic unit 3 three-decker, top layer 1, perforated layer 2 and basic unit 3 adopt different materials to make, and three-decker is bonded successively by binding agent, and use special compaction tool one cold moudling. Top layer 1 contacts with aqueous medium, and basic unit 3 and submarine navigation device surface of shell fit, and perforated layer 2 is between top layer 1 and basic unit 3. Combination cavity structure becomes array to be arranged in perforated layer, combination cavity structure is made up of round platform cavity 5 and flared cavity 4, round platform cavity 5 bottom surface is positioned at basic unit 3 side, and flared cavity 4 is positioned at the upper end face of round platform cavity 5, has 2 to 6 flared cavities 4 above each round platform cavity 5.
Its mesexine 1 is made up of the sound-absorbing material that acoustic impedance is close with underwater sound impedance as far as possible, i.e. the acoustic impedance �� of the acoustic impedance �� C value (�� represents density of material, and C represents sound wave spread speed in skin-material) of top layer sound-absorbing material and waterWaterCWaterMatch, improve the penetrance of sound wave, reduce acoustic reflection. Apply one layer of waterproof coating at skin surface and improve the water proofing property of sound eliminating tile.
Perforated layer 2 is made up of polyurethane two-layer compound foamed sound-absorbing material, polyurethane has acoustic absorptivity height, density is little, high resilience, easy construction, low cost and other advantages, the low frequency absorption performance that two-layer compound foamed sound-absorbing material can improve sound eliminating tile by the combination of rigid closed-cell foam sheet material and flexible closed cell foam board can also keep sound eliminating tile at the good sound absorbing capabilities of medium-high frequency. Rigid closed-cell foam material and soft open-cell foam materials belong to polyurethane foam, and wherein rigid closed-cell foam structural strength is big, insulate and ageing-resistant performance is superior, by using rigid closed-cell foam material, can effectively solve sound eliminating tile crushing resistance problem; Soft open-cell foam materials, is respectively provided with good sound absorbing capabilities at different frequency range, but pressure poor performance, by the compound by rigid closed-cell foam material and soft open-cell foam materials, while ensureing sound eliminating tile crushing resistance, it is remarkably improved its sound absorbing capabilities.
Combination cavity becomes array to be arranged in perforated layer, and the punching rate 1%��2% of flared cavity, the punching rate 10%��20% of truncated cone-shaped cavity, punching rate is the ratio of the perforation gross area on unit area and unit are. In combination cavity, the length of flared cavity accounts for the 3/4 of combination cavity total length, and the length of truncated cone-shaped cavity accounts for the 1/4 of combination cavity total length. In communication process, sound wave produces waveform conversion around flared cavity 4 border, makes part compressional wave constantly convert shearing wave and other waveforms to, adds the loss to acoustic energy. When sound wave enters truncated cone-shaped cavity 5, truncated cone-shaped cavity 5 makes incident acoustic wave produce scattering, there is waveform conversion simultaneously, the acoustic wave segment direction of propagation is made to change, add sound wave propagation distance in perforated layer 2, too increase the composition of shearing wave, thus more effectively the energy loss of incidence wave being fallen.
Basic unit 3 is made up of the material close with submarine navigation device surface of shell acoustic impedance, while making acoustic wave energy dissipate further, increases the sound wave penetration to submarine navigation device surface of shell, reduces the reflection of sound wave.
The foundation of the present invention is the operating distance for shortening enemy's sonar, improves disguise and the safety of submarine navigation device, and enemy's sonar detection sound wave should as far as possible all project and attenuate into sound eliminating tile and in sound eliminating tile, reduces reflection sound wave as far as possible. The elastomeric material that one aspect of the present invention is as closely as possible to water by selecting acoustic impedance makes top layer 1, increases incident acoustic wave amount; On the other hand, by containing combination cavity structure, the perforated layer 2 being made up of polyurethane two-layer compound foamed sound-absorbing material, increase longitudinal sound wave and be converted to shearing wave amount and propagation distance, thus increasing the loss of acoustic wave energy, and promote low-frequency range acoustically effective by composite; Furthermore, by selecting the material matched with submarine navigation device housing acoustic impedance to make sound eliminating tile basic unit 3, reduce the volume reflection of sound wave further.
This invention when keeping existing single elastomeric material or multilayer material cylinder or conical cavity structure sound eliminating tile higher frequency band sound absorbing capabilities, can improve low frequency absorption performance thus realizing the efficient sound absorption of more wide-band.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
Top layer 1 adopts entrant sound polyurethane elastomer and applies one layer of waterproof layer on its surface, makes top layer have good entrant sound water proofing property.
Perforated layer 2 adopts polyurethane two-layer compound foamed sound-absorbing material, is improved the low frequency absorption performance of sound eliminating tile by the combination of hard and soft layer, has widened sound sucting band.
Basic unit 3 adopts acoustic impedance relatively big and material with submarine navigation device surface of shell matches impedances, further enhances the consumption of acoustic wave energy and reduces the reflex strength of sound wave, shortening the detection range of enemy's active sonar.
Perforated layer 2 adopts combination cavity structure, truncated cone-shaped cavity has reasonable bearing capacity, in elastomeric material, the simple cavity diameter that increases can make bearing capacity significantly decline, and adopt the structure and will not affect its load performance because of the simple cavity diameter that increases. Compared with cylindrical or conical cavity structure, this combination cavity structure volume is bigger, and the increase of cavity volume is conducive to resonant frequency to expand to low frequency, thus promoting the low frequency absorption performance of sound eliminating tile; On the other hand, the flared cavity composition loop resonance structure communicated with round platform cavity, widen the wide band sound absorption of sound eliminating tile further.
Material required for the present invention and technique are all comparatively ripe, can effectively reduce cost by bonding one cold moudling, reduce the complexity of engineer applied.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 multilayer material combination one main sectional view of unit of cavity structure sound eliminating tile
Fig. 2 multilayer material combination one left sectional view of unit of cavity structure sound eliminating tile
Fig. 3 multilayer material combination cavity structure sound eliminating tile cavity structure axonometric chart
Fig. 4 multilayer material combination cavity structure sound eliminating tile top view
In figure, each label is expressed as: 1-sound eliminating tile top layer; 2-sound eliminating tile perforated layer; 3-sound eliminating tile basic unit; 4-flared cavity; 5-truncated cone-shaped cavity.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, invention is described further:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, a kind of multilayer material combination cavity sound eliminating tile, including top layer 1, perforated layer 2, basic unit 3. Wherein, top layer 1 contacts with WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM, and described top layer 1 adopts entrant sound polyurethane elastomer, when sound wave incident is come in owing to the acoustic impedance of entrant sound polyurethane elastomer and the acoustic impedance of water match, enemy's active sonar sound wave can be entered to greatest extent in incidence, reduce the reflection of sound wave. Described perforated layer 2 adopts polyurethane two-layer compound foamed sound-absorbing material, enters the sound wave shone by combining waveform conversion and the energy dissipation of cavity and polyurethane two-layer compound foamed sound-absorbing material, acoustic wave energy is converted to thermal energy consumption and dissipates. Described basic unit 3 adopts impedance bigger and butyl rubber with submarine navigation device housing matches impedances, increases and acoustic wave energy is dissipated, reduce reflected energy.
For the sound eliminating tile of submarine navigation device, wherein the top layer 1 of sound eliminating tile adopts entrant sound polyurethane elastomer, and thickness is 5mm, density p=1070kg/m3Velocity of sound 1520m/s (sound velocity in seawater 1570m/s), acoustic attenuation constant is 0.03dB/cm, perforated layer 2 adopts polyurethane two-layer compound foamed sound-absorbing material, in perforated layer 2, the punching rate of flared cavity is 1.5%, and the punching rate of round platform cavity 5 is 10.5%, and perforated layer 2 thickness is 40mm, in combination cavity, the length of flared cavity is 30mm, and the length of round platform cavity is 10mm; Basic unit 3 adopts the butyl rubber optimizing improvement, and density is ��=1230kg/m3, loss factor ��=0.6, Poisson's ratio ��=0.49, groundwork thickness is 5mm. The integral thickness of sound eliminating tile is 50mm. Three layers elastomeric material bonds another body cold moudling successively by binding agent.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a multilayer material combination cavity sound eliminating tile, including top layer (1), perforated layer (2), basic unit (3), top layer (1) contacts with aqueous medium, basic unit (3) and submarine navigation device surface of shell fit, perforated layer (2) is between top layer (1) and basic unit (3), it is characterized in that: perforated layer (2) has combination cavity, combination cavity is made up of flared cavity (4) and truncated cone-shaped cavity (5), truncated cone-shaped cavity (5) bottom surface is positioned at basic unit (3) side, flared cavity (4) is positioned at the upper end face of truncated cone-shaped cavity (5).
2. multilayer material according to claim 1 combination cavity sound eliminating tile, it is characterised in that have 2 to 6 flared cavities (4) on each truncated cone-shaped cavity (5).
3. multilayer material according to claim 1 and 2 combination cavity sound eliminating tile, it is characterised in that the punching rate of described flared cavity (4) is 1%��2%, the length of flared cavity (4) accounts for the 3/4 of combination shape cavity total length.
4. multilayer material according to claim 1 and 2 combination cavity sound eliminating tile, it is characterised in that the punching rate of described truncated cone-shaped cavity (5) is 10%��20%, the length of truncated cone-shaped cavity (4) accounts for the 1/4 of combination shape cavity total length.
5. multilayer material according to claim 4 combination cavity sound eliminating tile, it is characterized in that: top layer (1) is made up of entrant sound polyurethane elastomer, perforated layer (2) is made up of polyurethane two-layer compound foamed sound-absorbing material, and basic unit (3) is made up of the butyl rubber with submarine navigation device housing matches impedances.
6. multilayer material according to claim 5 combination cavity sound eliminating tile, it is characterised in that: described top layer (1), perforated layer (2), basic unit (3) is bonded successively by binding agent, and through one cold moudling.
CN201610054911.1A 2016-01-22 2016-01-22 Multilayer material combined cavity anechoic tile Pending CN105620697A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106084749A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-11-09 江苏新光环保工程有限公司 A kind of polyurethane sound absorption material and preparation method thereof
CN110444188A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-12 华中科技大学 A kind of underwater perforation mixing cavity structure acoustic stimulation
CN112829387A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-25 彩虹无人机科技有限公司 Sound-absorbing tile attached to outer surface of underwater vehicle shell and underwater vehicle
CN116477028A (en) * 2023-04-26 2023-07-25 上海交通大学 Local small-curvature-radius airfoil structure for underwater vehicle

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CN102094922A (en) * 2011-01-29 2011-06-15 浙江工业大学 Porous rubber material member and full-frequency range vibration acoustical property analysis method thereof
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CN102259698A (en) * 2011-07-21 2011-11-30 昆明理工大学 Anechoic tile based on composite material
CN204663627U (en) * 2015-04-02 2015-09-23 刘玺 Be applicable to combined impedance silencing apparatus that is middle and high, low frequency noise elimination

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CN200990204Y (en) * 2006-12-21 2007-12-12 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○一研究所 Hornform cavity underwater sound absorption board
CN201437403U (en) * 2009-06-30 2010-04-14 余启明 Anti-sonar anechoic tile of submarine
FR2956513A1 (en) * 2010-02-17 2011-08-19 Snecma Acoustic treatment panel for nacelle of ducted fan twin-spool turbojet engine in aircraft, has perforated skin traversed by holes, where each hole in perforated skin is emerged out from side of honeycomb structure by opening
CN102094922A (en) * 2011-01-29 2011-06-15 浙江工业大学 Porous rubber material member and full-frequency range vibration acoustical property analysis method thereof
CN102259698A (en) * 2011-07-21 2011-11-30 昆明理工大学 Anechoic tile based on composite material
CN204663627U (en) * 2015-04-02 2015-09-23 刘玺 Be applicable to combined impedance silencing apparatus that is middle and high, low frequency noise elimination

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106084749A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-11-09 江苏新光环保工程有限公司 A kind of polyurethane sound absorption material and preparation method thereof
CN110444188A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-12 华中科技大学 A kind of underwater perforation mixing cavity structure acoustic stimulation
CN110444188B (en) * 2019-07-30 2021-08-03 华中科技大学 Underwater perforated mixed cavity structure acoustic covering layer
CN112829387A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-25 彩虹无人机科技有限公司 Sound-absorbing tile attached to outer surface of underwater vehicle shell and underwater vehicle
CN116477028A (en) * 2023-04-26 2023-07-25 上海交通大学 Local small-curvature-radius airfoil structure for underwater vehicle

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Application publication date: 20160601