CN114141223A - Broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on acoustic black holes - Google Patents
Broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on acoustic black holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN114141223A CN114141223A CN202111505301.6A CN202111505301A CN114141223A CN 114141223 A CN114141223 A CN 114141223A CN 202111505301 A CN202111505301 A CN 202111505301A CN 114141223 A CN114141223 A CN 114141223A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/1752—Masking
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole, which integrally adopts a plate structure. Be equipped with a plurality of broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cells on the plate structure, broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cell is regular hexagonal prism, and broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cell is the matrix distribution in the board. The unit cell of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial can be divided into a hexagonal honeycomb inlet area, an acoustic black hole sound energy focusing area and an acoustic deceleration area. A broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole is provided by combining a thermal adhesion acoustic effect, an acoustic black hole effect and an acoustic metamaterial, so that sound insulation and noise reduction under a broadband are realized, and particularly, the low sound insulation quantity under a low frequency band and the sound insulation stability under a full frequency band are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of noise control, and relates to a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole.
Background
In daily life, environmental noise brings about many adverse effects: the normal rest of people is influenced; the working efficiency of people is affected; increasing the probability of a person suffering from heart disease and cardiovascular disease; disrupting the normal operation of buildings and equipment, etc. Therefore, noise needs to be controlled, and adverse effects of the noise on the user are reduced. Depending on the generation, propagation and reception of noise, we can suppress the noise at the sound source, control the noise in the sound propagation path or control at the sound reception. Of these three control modes, controlling noise in the acoustic propagation path is the most common technique. However, it is currently difficult to control low frequency noise. The main reason is that the low frequency noise is long in wavelength and highly transparent. The main control is now by increasing the thickness of the sound-insulating structure, but this often takes up a lot of space and requires a lot of cost. Therefore, the control of low-frequency noise is still a technical problem at present.
The acoustic black hole is an analogy of the celestial body black hole in acoustics, and has great advantages in the noise reduction field. In ideal cases, the acoustic black hole structure can achieve complete absorption of sound waves. In practical cases, however, the thickness of the end of the acoustic black hole structure is not zero during the manufacturing process of the acoustic black hole structure. When the tail end of the acoustic black hole structure is closed, a strong sound wave reflection phenomenon can be generated. When the tail end of the acoustic black hole structure is unblocked, a large sound wave transmission phenomenon can be generated. However, the acoustic black hole structure can also exert better noise reduction effect by combining with other methods, such as adding a damping layer at the tail end of the acoustic black hole structure to increase the dissipation of sound energy.
Artificially designed and constructed acoustic structures can result in artificially manufactured materials that have special functions not available in conventional materials, which are referred to as acoustic metamaterials. Relevant theoretical research shows that the acoustic metamaterial can control low-frequency noise in a small size.
However, the acoustic metamaterial is still under research, and a larger lifting space exists. On one hand, the bandwidth of the control noise of the current acoustic metamaterial is small. On the other hand, the sound insulation of the existing acoustic metamaterial to low-frequency noise needs to be further improved.
Based on the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole by combining a thermal adhesion acoustic effect, an acoustic black hole effect and an acoustic metamaterial, so that sound insulation and noise reduction under a broadband are realized, and particularly, the low sound insulation amount under a low-frequency band and the sound insulation stability under a full-frequency band are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole, which aims to realize sound insulation and noise reduction under a broadband, particularly improve low sound insulation under a low frequency band and improve sound insulation stability under a full frequency band, and combines a thermal viscous acoustic effect, an acoustic black hole effect and an acoustic metamaterial.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole integrally adopts a plate structure. Be equipped with a plurality of broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cells on the plate structure, broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cell is regular hexagonal prism, and broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cell is the matrix distribution in the board. The unit cell of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial can be divided into a hexagonal honeycomb inlet area, an acoustic black hole sound energy focusing area and an acoustic deceleration area.
The inner contour equation of the unit cell section of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure unit can be expressed as
Wherein x represents the distance from the outer edge, x1 is the length of the inlet area of the hexagonal honeycomb, a1 is the length of the regular hexagon in the inlet area of the hexagonal honeycomb, x2 is the distance from the starting point of the acoustic energy focusing area of the acoustic black hole to the outer edge, x3 is the distance from the starting point of the acoustic deceleration area to the outer edge, x6 is the distance from the ending point of the acoustic deceleration area to the outer edge, and r1 is the distance from the ending point of the acoustic deceleration area to the outer edgeThe radius of a circle inside the acoustic deceleration area is r2, the radius of a circular hole at the tail end of the acoustic energy focusing area of the acoustic black hole is r, and h is the structural thickness of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial based on the acoustic black hole.
According to the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black holes, incident sound waves are continuously gathered to the tail ends of the structure through the acoustic black hole structure, and partial sound wave deceleration energy consumption is achieved in the gathering process of the sound waves through the sound deceleration area.
The damping material layer is adhered to the surface of the end wall of the acoustic energy focusing area of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure unit cell and the acoustic black hole, and is used for improving the dissipation effect of the structure on sound waves.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the traditional conical acoustic black hole structure, the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the sound insulation.
The broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure provided by the invention realizes sound insulation and noise reduction under broadband, and particularly improves the low sound insulation under low frequency band and the stability of sound insulation under full frequency band. Meanwhile, the light weight of the structure is realized, so that the application field is wider.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial based on an acoustic black hole;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a unit cell of a broadband sound-insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a unit cell of a broadband sound-insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a velocity flow field diagram of a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole, disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a sound pressure characteristic diagram of a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing simulated sound insulation quantity of different sizes of a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole in the invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing simulated sound insulation quantity of different layers of a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a simulated sound insulation quantity curve of a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole and a traditional acoustic black hole structure;
description of reference numerals: 1-hexagonal honeycomb inlet area, 2-acoustic black hole acoustic energy focusing area and 3-acoustic deceleration area.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the invention clearer, the invention is further explained with reference to the attached drawings.
The drawings are only for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, and are merely schematic and non-limiting.
The existing acoustic black hole structure has poor noise reduction effect under medium and low frequency bands, and particularly has poor sound insulation effect on sound insulation of low-frequency sound waves below 50 Hz. The acoustic metamaterial is still in the research stage, and has a larger lifting space. On one hand, the bandwidth of the control noise of the current acoustic metamaterial is small. On the other hand, the sound insulation of the existing acoustic metamaterial to low-frequency noise needs to be further improved. The invention aims to provide a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole, which aims to realize sound insulation and noise reduction under a broadband, particularly improve low sound insulation under a low frequency band and improve sound insulation stability under a full frequency band, and combines a thermal viscous acoustic effect, an acoustic black hole effect and an acoustic metamaterial.
As shown in FIG. 1, the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black hole integrally adopts a plate structure. The board structure is provided with a plurality of broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure unit cells, the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure unit cells are distributed in a matrix form in the board, and a front view of the unit cells is shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a unit cell of a broadband sound-insulating acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole. The unit cell area can be divided into three parts, namely a hexagonal honeycomb inlet area 1, an acoustic black hole acoustic energy focusing area 2 and an acoustic deceleration area 3.
The inner contour equation of the cell section of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure unit can be expressed as
Wherein x represents the distance from the outer edge, x1 is the length of the inlet area of the hexagonal honeycomb, a1 is the side length of a regular hexagon in the inlet area of the hexagonal honeycomb, x2 is the distance from the starting point of the acoustic energy focusing area of the acoustic black hole to the outer edge, x3 is the distance from the starting point of the acoustic deceleration area to the outer edge, x6 is the distance from the ending point of the acoustic deceleration area to the outer edge, r1 is the radius of the circle in the acoustic deceleration area, r2 is the radius of the circular hole at the tail end of the acoustic energy focusing area of the acoustic black hole, and h is the thickness of the broadband acoustic sound insulation metamaterial based on the acoustic black hole.
According to the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black holes, incident sound waves are continuously gathered to the tail ends of the structure through the acoustic black hole structure, and partial sound wave deceleration energy consumption is achieved in the gathering process of the sound waves through the sound deceleration area.
Fig. 4 shows a velocity flow field diagram, and fig. 5 shows a sound pressure characteristic diagram. A unit cell air domain modeling of a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure unit is used for simulation, and the sound flow characteristic and the sound pressure characteristic under different frequencies are researched. As is evident from the velocity flow field diagram 4, the streamlines in the acoustic deceleration region 3 have an apparent nonlinear chaotic behavior. Therefore, the incident sound waves can dissipate more energy in the area, and the obvious sound insulation effect is realized. As shown in the sound pressure characteristic diagram of fig. 5, after incident sound waves pass through a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole, the sound pressure level is obviously reduced, and the effect is more obvious at high frequency.
As shown in fig. 6, the sound insulation capacity curves of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black hole are simulated in different sizes, and it can be known from the figure that the sound insulation effect is obviously reduced along with the increase of the size, especially the sound insulation effect at low frequency. The broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black hole can insulate sound by more than 22dB in a full frequency band, and the sound insulation effect is obviously enhanced along with the increase of frequency. In addition, the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial based on the acoustic black hole has the advantages that the structural size and the thickness are 0.128mm, the structure of the acoustic metamaterial is light, and the application range is wide.
As shown in fig. 7, a sound insulation quantity curve chart of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black hole is shown by simulation of different layer numbers, and it can be known from the graph that the sound insulation effect can be further enhanced by increasing the number of structural layers. Therefore, high sound insulation can be realized by a mode of superposing a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole in a multilayer mode.
As shown in fig. 8, which is a sound insulation volume curve graph of a broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on an acoustic black hole and a traditional acoustic black hole structure simulation, it can be known that the sound insulation volume of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black hole is obviously increased compared with the traditional conical hole acoustic black hole structure.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and the technical principles applied thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, equivalents, changes, and the like can be made to the present invention. However, such variations are within the scope of the invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the invention. In addition, certain terms used in the specification and claims of the present application are not limiting, but are used merely for convenience of description.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure based on acoustics black hole wholly adopts the plate structure, its characterized in that: be equipped with a plurality of broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cells on the plate structure, broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cell is regular hexagonal prism, and broadband sound insulation acoustics metamaterial structure unit cell is the matrix distribution in the board. The unit cell of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial can be divided into a hexagonal honeycomb inlet area, an acoustic black hole sound energy focusing area and an acoustic deceleration area.
The inner contour equation of the unit cell section of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure unit based on the acoustic black hole can be expressed as
Wherein x represents the distance from the outer edge, x1 is the length of the inlet area of the hexagonal honeycomb, a1 is the side length of a regular hexagon in the inlet area of the hexagonal honeycomb, x2 is the distance from the starting point of the acoustic energy focusing area of the acoustic black hole to the outer edge, x3 is the distance from the starting point of the acoustic deceleration area to the outer edge, x6 is the distance from the ending point of the acoustic deceleration area to the outer edge, r1 is the radius of the circle in the acoustic deceleration area, r2 is the radius of the circular hole at the tail end of the acoustic energy focusing area of the acoustic black hole, and h is the thickness of the broadband acoustic sound insulation metamaterial based on the acoustic black hole. According to the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black holes, incident sound waves are continuously gathered to the tail ends of the structure through the acoustic black hole structure, and partial sound wave deceleration energy consumption is achieved in the gathering process of the sound waves through the sound deceleration area.
2. The broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure based on the acoustic black hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the damping material layer is adhered to the surface of the end wall of the acoustic energy focusing area of the broadband sound insulation acoustic metamaterial structure unit cell and the acoustic black hole, and is used for improving the dissipation effect of the structure on sound waves.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112652287A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Acoustic black hole sandwich panel vibration reduction structure |
| EP4270375A1 (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-01 | BAE SYSTEMS plc | Improved acoustic black hole, structural damper, structurally damped structure |
| WO2023209337A1 (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-02 | Bae Systems Plc | Acoustic black hole, structural damper, structurally damped structure, and method |
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2021
- 2021-12-10 CN CN202111505301.6A patent/CN114141223A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112652287A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Acoustic black hole sandwich panel vibration reduction structure |
| CN112652287B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-03 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Acoustic black hole sandwich panel vibration reduction structure |
| EP4270375A1 (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-01 | BAE SYSTEMS plc | Improved acoustic black hole, structural damper, structurally damped structure |
| WO2023209337A1 (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-02 | Bae Systems Plc | Acoustic black hole, structural damper, structurally damped structure, and method |
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