CN114040901B - 用于增强表面处理的复合物 - Google Patents
用于增强表面处理的复合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114040901B CN114040901B CN202080048569.9A CN202080048569A CN114040901B CN 114040901 B CN114040901 B CN 114040901B CN 202080048569 A CN202080048569 A CN 202080048569A CN 114040901 B CN114040901 B CN 114040901B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- -1 silyl propyl Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethenylphenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011384 asphalt concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- SCPWMSBAGXEGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SCPWMSBAGXEGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006334 epoxy coating Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH3] CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical class [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007944 thiolates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5024—Silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/68—Silicic acid; Silicates
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
- C04B41/4922—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane
- C04B41/4944—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, alkali metals or halogens, e.g. N-silyldisilazane: Image
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- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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Abstract
一种用于增强表面处理的复合物，特别是一种用于含有水玻璃的混凝土的防水增强表面处理的复合物，含有1至10wt％的双(γ‑三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲硅烷基丙基)四硫化物、89.9至98wt％的硅酸锂水溶液和0.1至1wt％的水玻璃稳定剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于表面增强的复合物，特别是涉及一种用于含有水玻璃的混凝土表面的防水增强的复合物。
背景技术
从现有技术可知，混凝土是一种复合材料，其由粘合剂、填料、水和外加剂组成。最常见的混凝土种类是水泥混凝土，其中粘合剂是水泥且填料是骨料。另一种最常用的水泥类型是沥青混凝土。水泥的特性和用途受填料和粘合剂类型的影响，例如，对于耐热水泥，使用具有较大比例铝酸盐的水泥。
为了提高其机械性能，将铁增强体、电缆、网格、各种纤维例如碳或玻璃被添加到混凝土中。同样，生产的轻质混凝土具有多孔结构，外加剂是煤燃烧产生的飞灰。
混凝土结构耐久性的主要问题是正在进行的碱性-硅石反应。它是含有具有碱性特征的氧化钠和氧化钾、来自氢氧化钙的氢氧根离子的混凝土溶液和硅石之间的一系列不良事件，它们形成混凝土的天然和人造骨料。硅石在来自水泥的亲水性氢氧离子和存在的金属阳离子的影响下溶解和降解，随后由多金属硅酸盐mCaO·nSiO2·pH2O、mCaO·nAl2O3·pH2O、mCaO·nFe2O3·pH2O等形成吸湿性多孔凝胶，即能在潮湿环境中吸水并溶胀。这会在混凝土中产生应力，从而导致在表面形成轻的碱金属硅酸盐凝胶涂层、裂缝、表面剥落、破碎和混凝土整体崩解。
许多方法被用来延长混凝土的耐久性和减少腐蚀。例如，可以使用混凝土增强剂，以防止水分渗入混凝土，从而防止混凝土中的碱、骨料中的硅石和水之间发生化学反应，这些都是基于水玻璃的。有些使用普通的钠或钾水玻璃。然而，它们是完全不合适的，因为钠和钾阳离子恰恰相反，参与了吸湿凝胶的形成并加速了它的形成。此外，钠和钾阳离子较大，不能均匀地渗入密封面。这种凝胶形成和内部压力的不平衡加剧了整个分解过程。钠和钾硬化剂极易溶于水并吸收水，从而再次加速碱-硅石反应。
其它常用的混凝土防腐剂当中可以列出烷氧基硅烷。这些是透明的疏水性制剂，可防止水和氯化物渗透到混凝土中。这消除了混凝土的腐蚀。例子是甲基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷、十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷以及衍生自乙氧基硅烷的类似复合物等。
从专利文献RU2544854已知一种用于灰泥和混凝土的隔热涂层，其含有苯乙烯丙烯酸酯分散体、二甘醇和石油溶剂油，该复合物高度易燃、有毒且不生态。缺点是涂层不防水，因此不能用于室外。它在混凝土表面形成一层薄膜，并且在一定深度上不起作用。从另一专利文献CN109321074中已知一种用于建筑材料的防水涂层，它含有少量的水玻璃，而其主要组分是有毒的丙烯腈。这种涂层的缺点是它具有有机特性，热不稳定，而且不生态。它在混凝土表面形成一层薄膜，并且在一定深度上不起作用。
从专利文献KR101783331中已知一种用于对混凝土进行防水处理的环氧涂层。这种涂层仅作为表面膜，不会在深度上加强混凝土，也不会阻止碱-硅石反应。
从专利申请CZ PV 1991-2211中获知已知的基于钠和钾玻璃的混凝土涂层。如上所述，钠和钾玻璃不适合用于混凝土涂层，因为钠和钾原子较大，不能渗透到混凝土结构中和抑制破坏过程。
从另一专利文献KR 100820276已知一种硅酸钾和硅酸锂的复合物。这种复合物的缺点是存在硼酸，它是有毒的。
从专利文献KR 100982229已知一种含有硅酸钠和硅酸钾的复合物。该复合物还包含高达10wt％的锂化合物。这种涂层非常无效。
从专利申请CZ PV 1996-3066中已知一种用于混凝土屋顶的涂层，或者根据情况可能是金属和玻璃，其含有显著主要量的氧化硅，以及氧化钠、锂、钾和其它氧化物，主要是铝和颜料。作为填料，使用层状硅酸盐和云母，并且可以添加矿渣、砂等。这种涂层的缺点是它只作用于被处理材料的表面。
从专利申请CZ PV 2000-2127已知一种复合物，用于形成水泥系统、木材和瓷砖的防水膜。这是石灰、蔗糖或甘油和偏硅酸钠在水中的复合物。缺点是这样形成的保护层使用寿命短。
从上述现有技术可以清楚地看出，目前已知技术的主要缺点是已知用于处理混凝土表面的方法不能保护混凝土，反而常常导致其破坏。另一个缺点是已知组合物的使用寿命相对较短。
本发明的目的是提供一种混凝土处理复合物，它不仅作用于表面而且作用于混凝土结构内部，同时显著延长处理后的混凝土结构的使用寿命。
发明内容
通过一种用于增强表面处理的复合物，特别是一种用于含水玻璃的混凝土的防水增强表面处理的复合物，很大程度上消除了上述缺点并且实现了本发明的目的，根据本发明，其特征在于它含有1至10wt％的双(γ-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲硅烷基丙基)四硫化物(bis(γ-triethoxysilylpropyl silylpropyl)tetrasulphide)、89.9至98wt％的硅酸锂水溶液和0.1至1wt％的水玻璃稳定剂。这种复合物的优点是它不仅可以保护混凝土表面，还可以保护其内部结构很长一段时间。最大的优点是使用硅烷，最优选双(γ-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲硅烷基丙基)四硫化物。除了疏水功能外，这种有机硫化物与锂水玻璃组合形成了混凝土基材和水玻璃之间的桥梁。每个分子同时与混凝土和水玻璃颗粒发生反应。优点是双(γ-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲硅烷基丙基)四硫化物是一种双官能分子，含有两种类型的反应性官能团。所述四硫化物基团是四个硫原子的链。该四个硫原子之间的所谓二硫键分解，并且金属阳离子(锂)与游离硫原子结合形成硫醇盐。三乙氧基甲硅烷基对水解敏感，水解的甲硅烷氧基与硅石颗粒结合，导致交联。这种添加剂从根本上改变了锂水玻璃本身的整体行为。它增加了它与混凝土的相互联系，并很好地填充了混凝土的多孔表面结构。在混凝土表面形成一层柔韧的固体防渗膜。混凝土获得光泽但不滑。光滑的表面很好地反射光线，从而增加了房间内的照明效果，同时改善了地板的整体外观。
有利的是，水玻璃稳定剂是亲水性烷氧基烷基铵盐。
有利的是，所述硅酸锂水溶液具有在3.5至4.5范围内的SiO2和Li2O的摩尔比。
根据本发明的复合物的主要优点是它含有锂水玻璃，其几乎防止了在混凝土中发生的所有阻滞过程。它可以防止碱-硅石反应、碳化和硫酸化以及生物侵蚀和软水浸出。同时，在硬化后，它增强了材料，并且由于其低粘度，可以渗透到混凝土的接缝中并防止水渗透。同时，它可以渗透蒸汽，并允许混凝土中的残留水蒸发。
具体实施方式
实施例1
用于混凝土表面防水增强处理的复合物含有1.3wt％的双(γ-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲硅烷基丙基)四硫化物、97.8wt％的硅酸锂水溶液和0.9wt％的水玻璃稳定剂。
所述水玻璃稳定剂是亲水性烷氧基烷基铵盐，为98％的N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟丙基)乙二胺水溶液的形式。
所述硅酸锂水溶液的SiO2和Li2O的摩尔比为3.5。
将所得复合物倒入到混凝土表面上。
实施例2
用于混凝土表面的防水增强处理的复合物含有1wt％的双(γ-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲硅烷基丙基)四硫化物、98wt％的硅酸锂水溶液和1wt％的水玻璃稳定剂。
所述水玻璃稳定剂是亲水性烷氧基烷基铵盐，为98％的N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟丙基)乙二胺水溶液的形式。
所述硅酸锂水溶液的SiO2和Li2O的摩尔比为4.5。
将所得复合物倒入到混凝土表面上。
实施例3
用于混凝土表面的防水增强处理的复合物含有10wt％的双(γ-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲硅烷基丙基)四硫化物、89.9wt％的硅酸锂水溶液和0.1wt％的水玻璃稳定剂。
所述水玻璃稳定剂是亲水性烷氧基烷基铵盐，为98％的N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟基丙基)乙二胺水溶液的形式。
所述硅酸锂水溶液的SiO2和Li2O的摩尔比为4.03。
将所得复合物倒入到混凝土表面上。
工业应用
所述用于增强表面处理的复合物可特别地用于混凝土的防水增强表面处理，也可用于任何表面处理，尤其是含钙的建筑材料。
Claims (1)
1.一种用于含有水玻璃的混凝土的防水增强表面处理的复合物，其特征在于所述复合物含有1至10 wt%的双(γ-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基)四硫化物、89.9至98wt%的硅酸锂水溶液和0.9至1 wt%的水玻璃稳定剂，上述组分的总和为100 wt%，所述硅酸锂水溶液具有在4.03至4.5的范围内的SiO2和Li2O的摩尔比，所述水玻璃稳定剂为N,N,N',N'-四(2-羟丙基)乙二胺。
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