CN114031407A - 一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114031407A
CN114031407A CN202111518128.3A CN202111518128A CN114031407A CN 114031407 A CN114031407 A CN 114031407A CN 202111518128 A CN202111518128 A CN 202111518128A CN 114031407 A CN114031407 A CN 114031407A
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silicon carbide
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lithium battery
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刘骏
王钢
刘波
张海波
蔡璐
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Hunan Prince New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵及其制备方法,碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末30‑40份、纳米硅微粉20‑30份、纳米氧化铝粉末10‑20份、氧化锆微粉5‑10份、氧化镁粉末4‑10份、石墨烯粉末3‑9份、增强纤维2‑6份和水10‑20份,本发明制备方法简单,制得的碳化硅匣钵耐蚀性、抗冲击能力强,提高了锂电池正极材料的使用寿命。

Description

一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及碳化硅匣钵制备技术领域,具体为一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵及其制备方法。
背景技术
锂离子电池是新一代绿色环保电池,广泛应用于移动通讯、军事、航空航天和信息科学领域。锂电池正极材料是是构成锂离子电池的重要部分,将原料通过机械搅拌、球磨或压片等方式混合,经高温焙烧、冷却和破碎等工艺利用匣钵承载物料高温煅烧而成,需要匣钵作为高温焙烧过程中原料的盛装容器,由于锂电池正极材料所采用的原料在合成过程中会分解产生渗透能力和反应活性强的氧化锂对匣钵进行腐蚀,易发生剥落、粉化等问题,匣钵的使用寿命一般在16次以下。
碳化硅是一种重要的半导体材料,具有导热系数高、热膨胀系数小、高硬度、高温稳定、耐磨性能好以及耐化学腐蚀性,可以在恶劣的环境下使用。一直以来,碳化硅材料由于其独特的物理化学性质,在半导体、耐磨涂层、高温结构材料、环境净化等领域得到广泛应用,也用来制备锂电池正极材料匣钵。目前的用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵制备方法复杂,得到的碳化硅匣钵整体性能差,因此,有必要进行改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵,碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末30-40份、纳米硅微粉20-30份、纳米氧化铝粉末10-20份、氧化锆微粉5-10份、氧化镁粉末4-10份、石墨烯粉末3-9份、增强纤维2-6份和水10-20份。
优选的,碳化硅匣钵组分优选的成分配比包括碳化硅粉末35份、纳米硅微粉25份、纳米氧化铝粉末15份、氧化锆微粉8份、氧化镁粉末7份、石墨烯粉末6份、增强纤维4份和水15份。
优选的,所述增强纤维由30%钢纤维、40%碳纤维、30%陶瓷纤维组成。
优选的,所述碳化硅粉末粒径为80-100微米。
优选的,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
A、将碳化硅粉末、纳米硅微粉、纳米氧化铝粉末、氧化锆微粉、氧化镁粉末、石墨烯粉末混合后在常温下搅拌均匀,得到混合粉末;
B、在混合粉末中加入增强纤维,并加入水,在搅拌机中充分搅拌混合,得到混合浆料;
C、将混合浆料注入模具中,并机压成型,得到坯体;
D、将坯体放入煅烧炉中煅烧一段时间后进行自然冷却,即得到碳化硅匣钵;
E、最后将碳化硅匣钵进行低温干燥,即得到碳化硅匣钵成品。
优选的,所述步骤D中先采用1000-1200℃煅烧1h后再采用1400-1500℃煅烧2h,并保温1h。
优选的,所述步骤E中低温干燥温度为65-80℃,时间为50min-70min。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明制备方法简单,制得的碳化硅匣钵耐蚀性、抗冲击能力强,提高了锂电池正极材料的使用寿命;其中,添加的增强纤维能够增强匣钵的韧性,进而提高匣钵的抗冲击能力;在制备过程中采用不同温度煅烧,能够提高匣钵的抗裂和抗变形能力。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供如下技术方案:一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵,碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末30-40份、纳米硅微粉20-30份、纳米氧化铝粉末10-20份、氧化锆微粉5-10份、氧化镁粉末4-10份、石墨烯粉末3-9份、增强纤维2-6份和水10-20份;增强纤维由30%钢纤维、40%碳纤维、30%陶瓷纤维组成。
实施例一:
碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末30份、纳米硅微粉20份、纳米氧化铝粉末10份、氧化锆微粉5份、氧化镁粉末4份、石墨烯粉末3份、增强纤维2份和水10份。
本实施例中,碳化硅粉末粒径为80微米。
本实施例的制备方法包括以下步骤:
A、将碳化硅粉末、纳米硅微粉、纳米氧化铝粉末、氧化锆微粉、氧化镁粉末、石墨烯粉末混合后在常温下搅拌均匀,得到混合粉末;
B、在混合粉末中加入增强纤维,并加入水,在搅拌机中充分搅拌混合,得到混合浆料;
C、将混合浆料注入模具中,并机压成型,得到坯体;
D、将坯体放入煅烧炉中煅烧一段时间后进行自然冷却,即得到碳化硅匣钵;
E、最后将碳化硅匣钵进行低温干燥,即得到碳化硅匣钵成品。
本实施例中,步骤D中先采用1000℃煅烧1h后再采用1400℃煅烧2h,并保温1h。
本实施例中,步骤E中低温干燥温度为65℃,时间为50min。
实施例二:
碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末40份、纳米硅微粉30份、纳米氧化铝粉末20份、氧化锆微粉10份、氧化镁粉末10份、石墨烯粉末9份、增强纤维6份和水20份。
本实施例中,碳化硅粉末粒径为100微米。
本实施例的制备方法包括以下步骤:
A、将碳化硅粉末、纳米硅微粉、纳米氧化铝粉末、氧化锆微粉、氧化镁粉末、石墨烯粉末混合后在常温下搅拌均匀,得到混合粉末;
B、在混合粉末中加入增强纤维,并加入水,在搅拌机中充分搅拌混合,得到混合浆料;
C、将混合浆料注入模具中,并机压成型,得到坯体;
D、将坯体放入煅烧炉中煅烧一段时间后进行自然冷却,即得到碳化硅匣钵;
E、最后将碳化硅匣钵进行低温干燥,即得到碳化硅匣钵成品。
本实施例中,步骤D中先采用1200℃煅烧1h后再采用1500℃煅烧2h,并保温1h。
本实施例中,步骤E中低温干燥温度为80℃,时间为70min。
实施例三:
碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末32份、纳米硅微粉22份、纳米氧化铝粉末12份、氧化锆微粉6份、氧化镁粉末5份、石墨烯粉末4份、增强纤维3份和水12份。
本实施例中,碳化硅粉末粒径为85微米。
本实施例的制备方法包括以下步骤:
A、将碳化硅粉末、纳米硅微粉、纳米氧化铝粉末、氧化锆微粉、氧化镁粉末、石墨烯粉末混合后在常温下搅拌均匀,得到混合粉末;
B、在混合粉末中加入增强纤维,并加入水,在搅拌机中充分搅拌混合,得到混合浆料;
C、将混合浆料注入模具中,并机压成型,得到坯体;
D、将坯体放入煅烧炉中煅烧一段时间后进行自然冷却,即得到碳化硅匣钵;
E、最后将碳化硅匣钵进行低温干燥,即得到碳化硅匣钵成品。
本实施例中,步骤D中先采用1050℃煅烧1h后再采用1420℃煅烧2h,并保温1h。
本实施例中,步骤E中低温干燥温度为68℃,时间为55min。
实施例四:
碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末38份、纳米硅微粉28份、纳米氧化铝粉末18份、氧化锆微粉8份、氧化镁粉末9份、石墨烯粉末8份、增强纤维5份和水18份。
本实施例中,碳化硅粉末粒径为95微米。
本实施例的制备方法包括以下步骤:
A、将碳化硅粉末、纳米硅微粉、纳米氧化铝粉末、氧化锆微粉、氧化镁粉末、石墨烯粉末混合后在常温下搅拌均匀,得到混合粉末;
B、在混合粉末中加入增强纤维,并加入水,在搅拌机中充分搅拌混合,得到混合浆料;
C、将混合浆料注入模具中,并机压成型,得到坯体;
D、将坯体放入煅烧炉中煅烧一段时间后进行自然冷却,即得到碳化硅匣钵;
E、最后将碳化硅匣钵进行低温干燥,即得到碳化硅匣钵成品。
本实施例中,步骤D中先采用1150℃煅烧1h后再采用1480℃煅烧2h,并保温1h。
本实施例中,步骤E中低温干燥温度为75℃,时间为65min。
实施例五:
碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末35份、纳米硅微粉25份、纳米氧化铝粉末15份、氧化锆微粉8份、氧化镁粉末7份、石墨烯粉末6份、增强纤维4份和水15份。
本实施例中,碳化硅粉末粒径为90微米。
本实施例的制备方法包括以下步骤:
A、将碳化硅粉末、纳米硅微粉、纳米氧化铝粉末、氧化锆微粉、氧化镁粉末、石墨烯粉末混合后在常温下搅拌均匀,得到混合粉末;
B、在混合粉末中加入增强纤维,并加入水,在搅拌机中充分搅拌混合,得到混合浆料;
C、将混合浆料注入模具中,并机压成型,得到坯体;
D、将坯体放入煅烧炉中煅烧一段时间后进行自然冷却,即得到碳化硅匣钵;
E、最后将碳化硅匣钵进行低温干燥,即得到碳化硅匣钵成品。
本实施例中,步骤D中先采用1100℃煅烧1h后再采用1450℃煅烧2h,并保温1h。
本实施例中,步骤E中低温干燥温度为72℃,时间为60min。
综上所述,本发明制备方法简单,制得的碳化硅匣钵耐蚀性、抗冲击能力强,提高了锂电池正极材料的使用寿命;其中,添加的增强纤维能够增强匣钵的韧性,进而提高匣钵的抗冲击能力;在制备过程中采用不同温度煅烧,能够提高匣钵的抗裂和抗变形能力。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵,其特征在于:碳化硅匣钵组分按重量份数包括碳化硅粉末30-40份、纳米硅微粉20-30份、纳米氧化铝粉末10-20份、氧化锆微粉5-10份、氧化镁粉末4-10份、石墨烯粉末3-9份、增强纤维2-6份和水10-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵,其特征在于:碳化硅匣钵组分优选的成分配比包括碳化硅粉末35份、纳米硅微粉25份、纳米氧化铝粉末15份、氧化锆微粉8份、氧化镁粉末7份、石墨烯粉末6份、增强纤维4份和水15份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵,其特征在于:所述增强纤维由30%钢纤维、40%碳纤维、30%陶瓷纤维组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵,其特征在于:所述碳化硅粉末粒径为80-100微米。
5.实现权利要求1所述的一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵的制备方法,其特征在于:其制备方法包括以下步骤:
A、将碳化硅粉末、纳米硅微粉、纳米氧化铝粉末、氧化锆微粉、氧化镁粉末、石墨烯粉末混合后在常温下搅拌均匀,得到混合粉末;
B、在混合粉末中加入增强纤维,并加入水,在搅拌机中充分搅拌混合,得到混合浆料;
C、将混合浆料注入模具中,并机压成型,得到坯体;
D、将坯体放入煅烧炉中煅烧一段时间后进行自然冷却,即得到碳化硅匣钵;
E、最后将碳化硅匣钵进行低温干燥,即得到碳化硅匣钵成品。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤D中先采用1000-1200℃煅烧1h后再采用1400-1500℃煅烧2h,并保温1h。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于锂电池正极材料的碳化硅匣钵的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤E中低温干燥温度为65-80℃,时间为50min-70min。
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