CN114027094A - Reed straw composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes - Google Patents
Reed straw composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114027094A CN114027094A CN202111272134.5A CN202111272134A CN114027094A CN 114027094 A CN114027094 A CN 114027094A CN 202111272134 A CN202111272134 A CN 202111272134A CN 114027094 A CN114027094 A CN 114027094A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- culture medium
- reed
- cultivation
- bottle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in needle mushroom industrial cultivation, and relates to the technical field of needle mushroom industrial cultivation. The reed stem composite culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of reed stems, 20-40 parts of corncobs, 25-40 parts of rice bran, 5-14 parts of bran, 2-8 parts of beet pulp, 2-7 parts of dried bean pulp, 2-8 parts of brewer's grains, 3-12 parts of soybean hulls, 1-4 parts of shell powder and 0.1-2 parts of light calcium carbonate. According to the invention, the reed stalks are used to replace a large amount of corncobs and a small amount of cottonseed hulls, so that the problem that the cost of the reed stalks used as main raw materials for cultivating flammulina velutipes rises, and the cottonseed hulls have risks of enriching pesticides, transgenosis, heavy metals and the like, so that the raw materials are required to be replaced by sufficient nutritional materials which are low in use cost and safe is needed to be found.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of needle mushroom industrial cultivation, in particular to a reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in needle mushroom industrial cultivation.
Background
The golden needle mushroom in the edible mushrooms is the edible mushroom variety with the highest industrial degree, and the industrial cultivation of the golden needle mushroom has strong competition due to early starting, advanced technology and mature management. In recent years, the prices of raw materials such as rice bran, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls, corncobs and the like, which are main raw materials for edible fungus cultivation, have been increasing, the cottonseed hulls widely used in the edible fungus cultivation have risks of enriching pesticides, transgenes and heavy metals, and the transportation cost is also increasing day by day. Under the background, the preparation of a low-cost culture medium meeting the food safety requirement, the improvement of the product quality and the reduction of the production cost are the primary tasks to be solved by the industrialized production of the flammulina velutipes. Therefore, the reed stem composite culture medium and the application thereof in the industrialized cultivation of the flammulina velutipes are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes, and solves the problems that the price of the reed stem composite culture medium used as a main raw material for cultivating edible fungi is increased, and cottonseed hulls have risks of enriching pesticides, transgenosis and heavy metals, so that the reed stem composite culture medium is low in use cost, safe and rich in enough nutrient materials to replace the raw materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of needle mushrooms comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of reed stems, 20-40 parts of corncobs, 25-40 parts of rice bran, 5-14 parts of bran, 2-8 parts of beet pulp, 2-7 parts of dried bean pulp, 2-8 parts of brewer's grains, 3-12 parts of soybean hulls, 1-4 parts of shell powder and 0.1-2 parts of light calcium carbonate.
An application of a reed stem composite culture medium in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of culture medium: mixing reed stems, corncobs, rice bran, beet pulp, dried bean dregs, brewer's grains, soybean hulls, shell powder and light calcium carbonate according to a specified proportion, stirring to prepare a reed stem composite culture medium, and filling the reed stem composite culture medium into a polypropylene plastic culture bottle;
s2, sterilization treatment: sterilizing culture bottles filled with the reed straw composite culture medium by high-pressure steam, and cooling to room temperature for later use;
s3, inoculating, treating and culturing hyphae: inoculating the liquid strain into a culture bottle through a full-automatic inoculation machine, and culturing in a culture room at the culture temperature of 13-15 ℃ and the air humidity of 60-90% for 20-23 days;
s4, mycelium stimulation treatment: after the cultured hyphae grow over the cultivation bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, then moving the cultivation bottle to a growing room for bud promotion, and after 4-6 days, covering mushroom buds on the material surface;
s5, performing light suppression and wind suppression treatment: after the bud forcing is finished, performing light inhibition and wind inhibition treatment on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide at 3000-20000 ppm, reducing the temperature to 4-5 ℃ in a gradient manner, growing the mushroom buds into mushroom buds, increasing the concentration of the carbon dioxide to 14000ppm or more when the mushroom buds grow out of 1.5-2.5 cm of a bottle mouth, and promoting the elongation of needle mushroom stems;
s6, harvesting: when the needle mushrooms grow to 15-16 cm, the needle mushrooms reach the harvesting height, and harvesting is carried out.
Preferably, the water content of the composite culture medium is 67-69%, and the pH value is 6.2-6.8.
Preferably, in step S1, the common reed stems growing on the banks of rivers, lakes, ponds and ditches and shallow water areas of low wetlands are aired or dried, and the water content is less than 15%.
Preferably, in step S1, the polypropylene plastic cultivation bottles have a capacity of 1300cc, and each 25 bottles is one basket.
Preferably, in step S3, the liquid seed culture is inoculated in an amount of 30-35 mL per cultivation bottle.
Preferably, in step S4, the bud forcing conditions are: the room temperature is 15-16 ℃, the air humidity is 85-95%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 2000-40000 ppm.
Preferably, in step S5, the gradient cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 2 to 4 ℃ per day.
It is preferable thatIn step S5, the light intensity of the light suppression is 40-100Lux, the blowing rate of the wind suppression is 1-3 m/S, and the wind volume is 50-100m3/h。
Preferably, in step S5, the bottle mouth is wrapped with mushroom pieces to promote the elongation of the stipe when the whole period is 15-16 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, by adding the reed stems, the reed stems are common reed stems which grow on the coasts of rivers and lakes, ponds and ditches and shallow water areas of low wetlands, and are dried or baked, so that the pure natural organic matter medium is obtained. The reed stalks contain nearly 55 percent of crude fibers and have light volume weight, so that necessary nutrients required by growth of the flammulina velutipes can be provided, the good structural characteristics of the flammulina velutipes composite culture medium can be kept, and good air permeability is provided;
(2) the reed stalks have rich crude fiber content, can provide a large amount of non-starch sugars, and are more convenient for the flammulina velutipes hyphae to absorb and convert into corresponding dietary fibers, so that the utilization rate of the flammulina velutipes composite culture medium nutrient is improved, and the edible mouthfeel and the nutritional value are improved.
(3) At present, the cost of cottonseed hulls is 1900 yuan/ton, the cost of corncobs is 800 yuan/ton, the cost of reed stalks is only 650 yuan/ton, the cost of the reed stalks is lower, and the sources are wider. The reed stalk composite culture medium can replace 7 percent of corncobs and 1 percent of cottonseed hulls, the average cost per bottle is saved by 2 minutes calculated by 1300cc capacity cultivation bottles, and the average cost per year is saved by about 190 ten thousand yuan calculated by 26 ten thousand bottles of flammulina velutipes factories with daily output;
(4) the reed stalks with rich nutrient components are used as the raw materials of the edible fungus culture medium, can replace part of high-cost raw materials of corncobs and cottonseed hulls and complicated raw materials, achieves the purposes of greatly reducing the cost, stabilizing the output of product yield, improving the taste of the product, improving the utilization rate of resources, and has great significance for promoting the virtuous circle of ecology and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture, and solves the problems that the use cost is low, the use is safe and enough nutrient materials are needed to replace the raw materials because the price of the main raw materials for cultivating the flammulina velutipes rises and the cottonseed hulls widely used in the flammulina velutipes cultivation have the risks of enriching pesticides, transgenosis and heavy metals.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of needle mushrooms comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of reed stems, 20-40 parts of corncobs, 25-40 parts of rice bran, 5-14 parts of bran, 2-8 parts of beet pulp, 2-7 parts of dried bean pulp, 2-8 parts of brewer's grains, 3-12 parts of soybean hulls, 1-4 parts of shell powder and 0.1-2 parts of light calcium carbonate.
An application of a reed stem composite culture medium in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of culture medium: mixing reed stems, corncobs, rice bran, beet pulp, dry bean dregs, brewer's grains, soybean hulls, shell powder and light calcium carbonate according to a specified proportion and stirring to prepare a reed stem composite culture medium, putting the raw materials into a stirrer in sequence during mixing and stirring, firstly, performing dry stirring for 15-20 minutes, then adding water, stirring until the raw materials in the culture medium are uniformly mixed, fully absorbing water, finally detecting the water content and the pH of the culture medium until the water content and the pH reach standards, bottling and capping, when the process of filling bottles and covering bottle caps is carried out, every 25 polypropylene plastic cultivation bottles are taken as a basket, the prepared compound culture medium is filled into the cultivation bottles by a full-automatic bottle filling machine, after filling, punching 6 holes in the middle of and around the material surface to the bottom of the bottle through the automatic punching machine, wherein the culture base material surface is required to be smooth, and after filling and punching are completed, the bottle cover matched with the culture bottle cover is arranged on the culture bottle cover through the automatic cover-covering machine.
S2, sterilization treatment: sterilizing culture bottle filled with the composite culture medium of reed stalks with high pressure steam, cooling to room temperature for use, wherein the sterilization temperature is 121 ℃, maintaining for 80min, after the sterilization is finished, placing the culture bottle into a cooling chamber for forced cooling, and inoculating when the material temperature is reduced to room temperature.
S3, inoculating, treating and culturing hyphae: liquid strains are inoculated into a culture bottle through a full-automatic inoculation machine and are cultured in a culture room, the culture temperature is 13-15 ℃, the culture temperature is room temperature, the air humidity is 60-90%, the cultivation is carried out for 20-24 days, light shielding is guaranteed, good air circulation is guaranteed, an automatic control system is adopted in the culture room, the material temperature is controlled to be 17-20 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled to be 2000-4000 ppm, and meanwhile, the environmental cleanliness is guaranteed through primary, medium and high-efficiency air filtration.
S4, mycelium stimulation treatment: and after the cultured hyphae grow to be full of the culture bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, transferring the culture bottle full of the hyphae into a mycelium stimulation workshop, performing mycelium stimulation treatment by using an automatic mycelium stimulation machine, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, promoting the formation and differentiation of primordium of needle mushroom fruiting bodies, spraying 10-20 mL of water on the material surface after the mycelium stimulation is finished, keeping the material surface wet, transferring the culture bottle to a growing room for bud promotion, and after 4-6 days, fully distributing mushroom buds on the material surface.
S5, performing light suppression and wind suppression treatment: after the bud forcing is finished, performing light inhibition and wind inhibition treatment on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide at 5000-20000 ppm, reducing the temperature to 4-5 ℃ in a gradient of 2-3 ℃ per day, growing the mushroom buds into mushroom buds, wrapping plastic-wrapped mushroom slices around a bottle mouth when the mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth by 1.5-2.5 cm, increasing the concentration of the carbon dioxide to 14000ppm above, and promoting the elongation of needle mushroom stems.
S6, harvesting: when the needle mushrooms grow to 15-16 cm, the needle mushrooms reach the harvesting height, and harvesting is carried out.
Example 1
A reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes comprise the following steps:
s1, preparation of culture medium: putting 5 parts of reed stems, 20 parts of corncobs, 25 parts of rice bran, 5 parts of bran, 2 parts of beet pulp, 25 parts of dry bean dregs, 2 parts of brewer's grains, 3 parts of soybean hulls, 1 part of shell powder and 0.5 part of light calcium carbonate into a stirrer in sequence, firstly, dry-stirring for 15-20 minutes, then adding water, stirring until various raw materials in a culture medium are uniformly mixed, fully absorbing water, finally, detecting the water content and the pH of the culture medium until the water content and the pH reach standards, bottling and capping, when the process of filling bottles and covering bottle caps is carried out, every 25 polypropylene plastic cultivation bottles are taken as a basket, the prepared compound culture medium is filled into the cultivation bottles by a full-automatic bottle filling machine, after filling, the automatic punching machine punches 6 holes in the middle of the material surface and around the material surface to the bottom of the bottle, the culture base material surface is required to be smooth, and after filling and punching are completed, the automatic capping machine is used for covering the bottle cap matched with the culture bottle cap.
S2, sterilization treatment: sterilizing culture bottle filled with the composite culture medium of reed stalks with high pressure steam, cooling to room temperature for use, wherein the sterilization temperature is 121 ℃, maintaining for 80min, after the sterilization is finished, placing the culture bottle into a cooling chamber for forced cooling, and inoculating when the material temperature is reduced to room temperature.
S3, inoculating, treating and culturing hyphae: liquid strains are inoculated into a culture bottle through a full-automatic inoculation machine and are cultured in a culture room, the culture temperature is 14 ℃, the culture temperature is room temperature, the air humidity is 80%, the cultivation is carried out for 22 days, the light shielding and good air circulation are ensured, an automatic control system is adopted in the culture room, the material temperature is controlled to be 18 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled to be 3000ppm, and simultaneously, the environmental cleanliness is ensured through primary, medium and high-efficiency air filtration.
S4, mycelium stimulation treatment: and after the cultured hyphae grow to full of the culture bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, transferring the culture bottle full of the hyphae into a mycelium stimulation workshop, performing mycelium stimulation treatment by using an automatic mycelium stimulation machine, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, promoting the formation and differentiation of primordium of needle mushroom fruiting bodies, spraying 15mL of water on the material surface after the mycelium stimulation is finished, keeping the material surface wet, transferring the culture bottle to a breeding room for bud promotion, and after 5 days, fully distributing mushroom buds on the material surface.
S5, performing light suppression and wind suppression treatment: after the bud forcing is finished, performing light inhibition and wind inhibition treatment on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide at 10000ppm, cooling to 4 ℃ at a gradient of 2 ℃ per day, enabling the mushroom buds to grow into mushroom buds, wrapping plastic mushroom wrapping sheets around a bottle mouth when the mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth by 2cm, increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide to 16000ppm, and promoting the elongation of mushroom stems.
S6, harvesting: when the needle mushrooms grow to 15cm, the harvesting height is reached, and harvesting is carried out.
Example 2
A reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes comprise the following steps:
s1, preparation of culture medium: putting 15 parts of reed stems, 40 parts of corncobs, 40 parts of rice bran, 14 parts of bran, 8 parts of beet pulp, 7 parts of dry bean dregs, 8 parts of brewer's grains, 12 parts of soybean hulls, 4 parts of shell powder and 2 parts of light calcium carbonate into a stirrer in sequence, firstly stirring for 15-20 minutes in a dry mode, then adding water, stirring until various raw materials in a culture medium are uniformly mixed, fully absorbing water, finally detecting the water content and the pH value of the culture medium until the water content and the pH value reach standards, bottling and covering a bottle with a bottle cap, when the process of filling bottles and covering bottle caps is carried out, every 25 polypropylene plastic cultivation bottles are taken as a basket, the prepared compound culture medium is filled into the cultivation bottles by a full-automatic bottle filling machine, after filling, the automatic punching machine punches 6 holes in the middle of the material surface and around the material surface to the bottom of the bottle, the culture base material surface is required to be smooth, and after filling and punching are completed, the automatic capping machine is used for covering the bottle cap matched with the culture bottle cap.
S2, sterilization treatment: sterilizing culture bottle filled with the composite culture medium of reed stalks with high pressure steam, cooling to room temperature for use, wherein the sterilization temperature is 121 ℃, maintaining for 80min, after the sterilization is finished, placing the culture bottle into a cooling chamber for forced cooling, and inoculating when the material temperature is reduced to room temperature.
S3, inoculating, treating and culturing hyphae: liquid strains are inoculated into a culture bottle through a full-automatic inoculation machine and are cultured in a culture room, the culture temperature is 14 ℃, the culture temperature is room temperature, the air humidity is 80%, the cultivation is carried out for 22 days, the light shielding and good air circulation are ensured, an automatic control system is adopted in the culture room, the material temperature is controlled to be 18 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled to be 3000ppm, and simultaneously, the environmental cleanliness is ensured through primary, medium and high-efficiency air filtration.
S4, mycelium stimulation treatment: and after the cultured hyphae grow to full of the culture bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, transferring the culture bottle full of the hyphae into a mycelium stimulation workshop, performing mycelium stimulation treatment by using an automatic mycelium stimulation machine, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, promoting the formation and differentiation of primordium of needle mushroom fruiting bodies, spraying 15mL of water on the material surface after the mycelium stimulation is finished, keeping the material surface wet, transferring the culture bottle to a breeding room for bud promotion, and after 5 days, fully distributing mushroom buds on the material surface.
S5, performing light suppression and wind suppression treatment: after the bud forcing is finished, performing light inhibition and wind inhibition treatment on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide at 10000ppm, cooling to 4 ℃ at a gradient of 2 ℃ per day, enabling the mushroom buds to grow into mushroom buds, wrapping plastic mushroom wrapping sheets around a bottle mouth when the mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth by 2cm, increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide to 16000ppm, and promoting the elongation of mushroom stems.
S6, harvesting: when the needle mushrooms grow to 15cm, the harvesting height is reached, and harvesting is carried out.
Example 3
A reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes comprise the following steps:
s1, preparation of culture medium: sequentially putting 10 parts of reed stems, 32 parts of corncobs, 35 parts of rice bran, 10 parts of bran, 6 parts of beet pulp, 6 parts of dry bean dregs, 6 parts of brewer's grains, 10 parts of soybean hulls, 3 parts of shell powder and 1 part of light calcium carbonate into a stirrer, firstly, dry-stirring for 15-20 minutes, then adding water, stirring until various raw materials in a culture medium are uniformly mixed, fully absorbing water, finally, detecting the water content and the pH value of the culture medium until the water content and the pH value reach the standard, bottling and covering a bottle with a bottle cap, when the process of filling bottles and covering bottle caps is carried out, every 25 polypropylene plastic cultivation bottles are taken as a basket, the prepared compound culture medium is filled into the cultivation bottles by a full-automatic bottle filling machine, after filling, the automatic punching machine punches 6 holes in the middle of the material surface and around the material surface to the bottom of the bottle, the culture base material surface is required to be smooth, and after filling and punching are completed, the automatic capping machine is used for covering the bottle cap matched with the culture bottle cap.
S2, sterilization treatment: sterilizing culture bottle filled with the composite culture medium of reed stalks with high pressure steam, cooling to room temperature for use, wherein the sterilization temperature is 121 ℃, maintaining for 80min, after the sterilization is finished, placing the culture bottle into a cooling chamber for forced cooling, and inoculating when the material temperature is reduced to room temperature.
S3, inoculating, treating and culturing hyphae: liquid strains are inoculated into a culture bottle through a full-automatic inoculation machine and are cultured in a culture room, the culture temperature is 14 ℃, the culture temperature is room temperature, the air humidity is 80%, the cultivation is carried out for 22 days, the light shielding and good air circulation are ensured, an automatic control system is adopted in the culture room, the material temperature is controlled to be 18 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled to be 3000ppm, and simultaneously, the environmental cleanliness is ensured through primary, medium and high-efficiency air filtration.
S4, mycelium stimulation treatment: and after the cultured hyphae grow to full of the culture bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, transferring the culture bottle full of the hyphae into a mycelium stimulation workshop, performing mycelium stimulation treatment by using an automatic mycelium stimulation machine, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, promoting the formation and differentiation of primordium of needle mushroom fruiting bodies, spraying 15mL of water on the material surface after the mycelium stimulation is finished, keeping the material surface wet, transferring the culture bottle to a breeding room for bud promotion, and after 5 days, fully distributing mushroom buds on the material surface.
S5, performing light suppression and wind suppression treatment: after the bud forcing is finished, performing light inhibition and wind inhibition treatment on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide at 10000ppm, cooling to 4 ℃ at a gradient of 2 ℃ per day, enabling the mushroom buds to grow into mushroom buds, wrapping plastic mushroom wrapping sheets around a bottle mouth when the mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth by 2cm, increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide to 16000ppm, and promoting the elongation of mushroom stems.
S6, harvesting: when the needle mushrooms grow to 15cm, the harvesting height is reached, and harvesting is carried out.
Example 4
A reed stem composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes comprise the following steps:
s1, preparation of culture medium: 20 parts of corncobs, 25 parts of rice bran, 5 parts of bran, 2 parts of beet pulp, 25 parts of dry bean dregs, 2 parts of brewer's grains, 3 parts of soybean hulls, 1 part of shell powder and 0.5 part of light calcium carbonate are sequentially put into a stirrer, the mixture is firstly stirred for 15-20 minutes, then water is added, the mixture is stirred until various raw materials in a culture medium are uniformly mixed, water is fully absorbed, finally the water content and the pH value reach the standard, the water content and the pH value of the culture medium are detected, bottling and bottle covering are carried out.
S2, sterilization treatment: sterilizing culture bottle filled with the composite culture medium of reed stalks with high pressure steam, cooling to room temperature for use, wherein the sterilization temperature is 121 ℃, maintaining for 80min, after the sterilization is finished, placing the culture bottle into a cooling chamber for forced cooling, and inoculating when the material temperature is reduced to room temperature.
S3, inoculating, treating and culturing hyphae: liquid strains are inoculated into a culture bottle through a full-automatic inoculation machine and are cultured in a culture room, the culture temperature is 14 ℃, the culture temperature is room temperature, the air humidity is 80%, the cultivation is carried out for 22 days, the light shielding and good air circulation are ensured, an automatic control system is adopted in the culture room, the material temperature is controlled to be 18 ℃, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled to be 3000ppm, and simultaneously, the environmental cleanliness is ensured through primary, medium and high-efficiency air filtration.
S4, mycelium stimulation treatment: and after the cultured hyphae grow to full of the culture bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, transferring the culture bottle full of the hyphae into a mycelium stimulation workshop, performing mycelium stimulation treatment by using an automatic mycelium stimulation machine, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, promoting the formation and differentiation of primordium of needle mushroom fruiting bodies, spraying 15mL of water on the material surface after the mycelium stimulation is finished, keeping the material surface wet, transferring the culture bottle to a breeding room for bud promotion, and after 5 days, fully distributing mushroom buds on the material surface.
S5, performing light suppression and wind suppression treatment: after the bud forcing is finished, performing light inhibition and wind inhibition treatment on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide at 10000ppm, cooling to 4 ℃ at a gradient of 2 ℃ per day, enabling the mushroom buds to grow into mushroom buds, wrapping plastic mushroom wrapping sheets around a bottle mouth when the mushroom buds grow out of the bottle mouth by 2cm, increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide to 16000ppm, and promoting the elongation of mushroom stems.
S6, harvesting: when the needle mushrooms grow to 15cm, the harvesting height is reached, and harvesting is carried out.
In the examples 1, 2 and 3, a reed stem composite culture medium is adopted, and in the three examples, only the content of reed stems is different to serve as an experimental group; example 4 as a control, the medium contained no reed stem component. The following table shows product data for the application of four examples in cultivation of flammulina velutipes under otherwise identical cultivation and cultivation conditions:
| examples | Reed stem proportion | Per unit yield/g | Class A ratio |
| Example 1 | 5 portions of | 464 | 90％ |
| Example 2 | 15 portions of | 452 | 85％ |
| Example 3 | 10 portions of | 462 | 90％ |
| Example 4 | 0 | 465 | 90％ |
From the data in the table, the final yield per unit area of flammulina velutipes and the grade a rate of the product quality in the example with the culture medium formula containing a small amount of reed stalks are similar to the result of cultivation with the formula not containing reed stalks, and are both higher than the experimental result of the example 2, and the content of reed stalks in the culture medium of the example 2 is higher than that in other examples.
In conclusion, the invention solves the problems that the price of the main raw material used for cultivating the edible fungi is increased, and cottonseed hulls widely used in the cultivation of the flammulina velutipes have the risks of enriching pesticides, transgenosis and heavy metals, so that the raw material needs to be replaced by a material which is low in use cost, safe and rich in enough nutrients. Meanwhile, due to the rich crude fiber content, the flammulina velutipes mycelium can be absorbed and utilized conveniently, and can be converted into corresponding dietary fiber, so that a better edible taste is provided.
Claims (9)
1. A reed stem composite culture medium is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of reed stems, 20-40 parts of corncobs, 25-40 parts of rice bran, 5-14 parts of bran, 2-8 parts of beet pulp, 2-7 parts of dried bean pulp, 2-8 parts of brewer's grains, 3-12 parts of soybean hulls, 1-4 parts of shell powder and 0.1-2 parts of light calcium carbonate.
2. The reed straw composite culture medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water content of the composite culture medium is 67-69%, and the pH value is 6.2-6.8.
3. The use of a reed stem composite culture medium in the industrial cultivation of flammulina velutipes, which is characterized in that the reed stem composite culture medium of claim 1 or 2 is used for the industrial cultivation of the flammulina velutipes, and the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of culture medium: mixing reed stems, corncobs, rice bran, beet pulp, dried bean dregs, brewer's grains, soybean hulls, shell powder and light calcium carbonate according to a specified proportion, stirring to prepare a reed stem composite culture medium, and filling the reed stem composite culture medium into a polypropylene plastic culture bottle;
s2, sterilization treatment: sterilizing culture bottles filled with the reed straw composite culture medium by high-pressure steam, and cooling to room temperature for later use;
s3, inoculating, treating and culturing hyphae: inoculating the liquid strain into a culture bottle through a full-automatic inoculation machine, and culturing in a culture room at the culture temperature of 13-15 ℃ and the air humidity of 60-90% for 20-24 days;
s4, mycelium stimulation treatment: after the cultured hyphae grow over the cultivation bottle, performing mycelium stimulation treatment, removing old hyphae on the material surface, forming mechanical stimulation, then moving the cultivation bottle to a growing room for bud promotion, and after 4-6 days, covering mushroom buds on the material surface;
s5, performing light suppression and wind suppression treatment: after the bud forcing is finished, performing light inhibition and wind inhibition treatment on mushroom buds, controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide at 4000-20000 ppm, reducing the temperature to 4-5 ℃ in a gradient manner, growing the mushroom buds into mushroom buds, increasing the concentration of the carbon dioxide to more than 10000ppm when the mushroom buds grow out of 1-2.5 cm of a bottle mouth, and promoting the elongation of stems of the needle mushrooms;
s6, harvesting: when the needle mushrooms grow to 15-16 cm, the needle mushrooms reach the harvesting height, and harvesting is carried out.
4. The use of a reed stem composite culture medium in the factory cultivation of flammulina velutipes as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S1, the reed stalks are common reed growing on the banks of rivers, lakes, ponds and ditches and shallow water areas of low wetlands, and the stalks are dried or baked to a water content of less than 15%.
5. The reed stem composite culture medium and the application thereof in the industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S3, the liquid seed culture is inoculated in an amount of 30-35 mL per cultivation bottle.
6. The reed stem composite culture medium and the application thereof in the industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S4, the conditions for inducing budding are: the room temperature is 15-16 ℃, the air humidity is 85-95%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 2000-40000 ppm.
7. The reed stem composite culture medium and the application thereof in the industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes according to claim 3, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: in step S5, the gradient cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 2-4 ℃ per day.
8. The reed stem composite culture medium and the application thereof in the industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes according to claim 3, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: in step S5, the light intensity of the light suppression is 40-100lux, the blowing rate of the wind suppression is 1-3 m/S, and the wind volume is 100-150m3/h。
9. The reed stem composite culture medium and the application thereof in the industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes according to claim 3, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: in step S5, covering mushroom slices on the bottle mouth in 15-16 days in the whole period to promote the elongation of stipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111272134.5A CN114027094A (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 | Reed straw composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111272134.5A CN114027094A (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 | Reed straw composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114027094A true CN114027094A (en) | 2022-02-11 |
Family
ID=80142394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111272134.5A Pending CN114027094A (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 | Reed straw composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114027094A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101544519A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2009-09-30 | 福建春辉生物工程有限公司 | Culture medium for organic food |
| CN103214280A (en) * | 2013-04-05 | 2013-07-24 | 邬金飞 | Compatibility of 'strip' cultispecies compost of edible mushroom and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103548572A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 安庆市众鑫农业科技有限公司 | Organic needle mushroom culture medium and cultivation method for same |
| CN104671974A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-06-03 | 青岛中天信达生物技术研发有限公司 | Compound matrix for raising seedlings of cauliflowers |
| CN106083394A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-09 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of method utilizing reed powder to make Enoki mushroom cultivation material |
| CN110226453A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-13 | 江苏华绿生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of peanut shell complex medium and its application in edible fungus industrial cultivation |
| CN110679390A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-14 | 江苏华绿生物科技股份有限公司 | Needle mushroom composite culture medium prepared from soybean dietary fiber powder and application thereof |
| DE202021002762U1 (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-09-29 | Steffen Menzel | Sheathing of mushroom bodies |
-
2021
- 2021-10-29 CN CN202111272134.5A patent/CN114027094A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101544519A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2009-09-30 | 福建春辉生物工程有限公司 | Culture medium for organic food |
| CN103214280A (en) * | 2013-04-05 | 2013-07-24 | 邬金飞 | Compatibility of 'strip' cultispecies compost of edible mushroom and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103548572A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 安庆市众鑫农业科技有限公司 | Organic needle mushroom culture medium and cultivation method for same |
| CN104671974A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-06-03 | 青岛中天信达生物技术研发有限公司 | Compound matrix for raising seedlings of cauliflowers |
| CN106083394A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-09 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of method utilizing reed powder to make Enoki mushroom cultivation material |
| CN110226453A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-13 | 江苏华绿生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of peanut shell complex medium and its application in edible fungus industrial cultivation |
| CN110679390A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-14 | 江苏华绿生物科技股份有限公司 | Needle mushroom composite culture medium prepared from soybean dietary fiber powder and application thereof |
| DE202021002762U1 (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-09-29 | Steffen Menzel | Sheathing of mushroom bodies |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6624781B2 (en) | How to grow jellyfish | |
| CN104798602B (en) | Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method | |
| CN108293592B (en) | Method for cultivating flammulina velutipes by using sorghum flour mixture | |
| CN109197381B (en) | Method for planting hypsizygus marmoreus by liquefying solid strains | |
| CN110249912B (en) | Method for industrial bottle cultivation of phellinus igniarius | |
| CN110679390A (en) | Needle mushroom composite culture medium prepared from soybean dietary fiber powder and application thereof | |
| CN111713335B (en) | Efficient sparassis crispa cultivation method | |
| CN111492896A (en) | Preparation method of culture medium for industrial cultivation of flammulina velutipes | |
| CN111296171A (en) | High-quality cultivation method for industrial grifola frondosa | |
| CN109234171B (en) | Preparation method of selenium-rich ganoderma lucidum mycelium powder | |
| CN110679391A (en) | Application of novel husk culture medium in industrial cultivation of white flammulina velutipes | |
| CN108293593B (en) | Method for cultivating black fungus by using corncob mixture | |
| CN112293156A (en) | Application of bamboo powder culture medium in industrial cultivation of white needle mushroom | |
| CN111557210A (en) | Flammulina velutipes root culture medium used for cultivation of flammulina velutipes | |
| CN112568058A (en) | Culture medium and cultivation method for pleurotus ostreatus by using giant oasis I-grass | |
| CN107646523A (en) | A kind of cultural method of mushroom with abundant selenium | |
| CN111587738A (en) | Pleurotus cornucopiae packing and briquetting production method | |
| CN111296170A (en) | High-quality cultivation method of grifola frondosa | |
| CN103416221A (en) | Cultivation method for needle mushrooms | |
| CN110150029A (en) | Application of the Chinese redbud in terms of edible fungus culturing | |
| CN106747776B (en) | Method for preparing straw mushroom cultivation material by using waste tremella fungus chaff | |
| CN109863939A (en) | A kind of Pleurotus eryngii breeding method based on liquid spawn | |
| CN114027094A (en) | Reed straw composite culture medium and application thereof in industrialized cultivation of flammulina velutipes | |
| KR20200061556A (en) | A Method for Cultivating a White Shiitake Mushroom Containing a Selenium | |
| CN111512889A (en) | Cultivation process of flammulina velutipes by using coffee residue culture medium |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220211 |