CN113999714A - 一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113999714A CN113999714A CN202111344005.2A CN202111344005A CN113999714A CN 113999714 A CN113999714 A CN 113999714A CN 202111344005 A CN202111344005 A CN 202111344005A CN 113999714 A CN113999714 A CN 113999714A
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- calcium
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- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- USOPFYZPGZGBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Ca] USOPFYZPGZGBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 compound sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001462 antimony Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Pb+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002288 cocrystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012053 oil suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,包括一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,包括基础油、稠化剂以及添加剂,组份比例按重量份数计如下:基础油:71~80份;稠化剂:脂肪酸锂皂、脂肪酸钙皂、脂肪酸锂皂与脂肪酸钙皂的混合物,用量为15~20份;添加剂包括有:反应促进剂、抗氧添加剂、极压抗磨剂、结构改善剂、高分子聚合物;该发明在反应初期加入高碱值磺酸盐类反应促进剂来提高反应物活化能,激发十二羟基硬脂酸、二元酸与氢氧化锂、氢氧化钙的反应活性,促使皂化反应瞬间快速完成,提高了生产效率,降低能耗,同时脂肪酸和碱的快速反应有利于共结晶形成的更充分,能够用更低的稠化剂制备性能优异的复合锂钙基润滑脂。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及润滑脂制作技术领域,尤其涉及一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂。
背景技术
市面上的复合锂钙基润滑脂多采用十二羟基硬脂酸以及二元有机酸与氢氧化锂、氢氧化钙反应,生成共结晶的复合锂钙皂稠化剂制备而成。
有常压开口釜制备工艺和压力皂化工艺两种,这两种制备方式存在的问题有几方面:(1)常压釜多采用双向搅拌或行星搅拌进行混合,在反应阶段随着皂的生成,粘稠度随之增大,容易形成搅拌盲区,物料反应不充分;(2)常压釜一般采用氢氧化锂水溶液或油悬浮液通过缓慢滴加方式加入釜中,该过程反应时间长,能耗较高;(3)压力皂化方法采用一次性投料,反应时间虽然大大缩短,但形成的复合锂皂共结晶结构不如常压釜稳定,润滑脂滴点偏低,且油品容易氧化,外观色深;(4)为了克服滴点低以及传热传质不充分引起反应不完全问题,往往采用二元酸:十二羟基硬脂酸摩尔比更高的方案,二元酸稠化能力要明显弱于十二羟基硬脂酸,造成氢氧化锂使用量增加,皂份提高,成本明显增加。
经检索,中国专利公开号为CN104560313B的专利公开了一种复合锂钙基润滑脂及其制备方法。该专利制作的油脂虽然效果较好,但是生产效率低、能耗高、生产成本较高,不能满足实际生产需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的生产效率低、能耗高、生产成本较高的缺点,而提出的一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,包括基础油、稠化剂以及添加剂,组份比例按重量份数计如下:
基础油:71~80份;
稠化剂:脂肪酸锂皂、脂肪酸钙皂、脂肪酸锂皂与脂肪酸钙皂的混合物,用量为15~20份;
添加剂包括有:反应促进剂、抗氧添加剂、极压抗磨剂、结构改善剂、高分子聚合物;
反应促进剂:高碱值复合磺酸盐,用量为0.2~0.6份;
抗氧添加剂:0.2~1份;极压抗磨剂:8~10份;
结构改善剂:1~2份;高分子聚合物:2~5份。
进一步的,所述基础油为矿物油、聚烯烃合成基础油之一或两者的混合物。
在前述方案的基础上,所述反应促进剂为高碱值复合磺酸镁盐、高碱值复合磺酸钠盐、高碱值复合磺酸钙盐或任意两类的混合物。
作为本发明再进一步的方案,所述抗氧化添加剂为芳基胺类化合物、烷基酚类化合物或任意两类化合物的混合物。
进一步的,所述极压抗磨剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼盐或锑盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、磷酸三苯酯、环烷酸铅、硫化脂肪酸酯等多种混合物。
在前述方案的基础上,所述结构改进剂为烯基硼酸酰胺类化合物。
作为本发明再进一步的方案,所述高分子聚合物为氢化苯乙烯-异戊二烯共聚物、乙丙共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或两种及以上混合物。
一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
S1:按配比将芳基胺类化合物抗氧化剂加入到2/3基础油中,加入TBN400高碱值磺酸盐搅拌混合10-20分钟;
S2:加入水和全部氢氧化锂、氢氧化钙,升温至82℃~88℃;
S3:加入所有十二羟基硬脂酸,搅拌混合至其融化并形成最初的油脂皂化反应物;
S4:静置5-10分钟后,加入二元酸维持温度在88℃~94℃,反应30~45分钟,再升温至198℃至205℃保持15分钟后开始冷却;
S5:冷却至180℃~190℃时加入剩余的1/3基础油,
S6:冷却至80℃后根据需要加入少量调规油,调整锥入度至合适范围得到基础脂。
在S6中得到的基础脂中依次加入抗氧化添加剂、结构改进剂、极压抗磨剂、和高分子聚合物,混合后通过均化器均化或研磨机研磨,过滤后即得产品。
有益效果:
本发明通过在反应初期加入高碱值磺酸盐类反应促进剂来提高反应物活化能,激发十二羟基硬脂酸、二元酸与氢氧化锂、氢氧化钙的反应活性,促使皂化反应瞬间快速完成,提高了生产效率,降低能耗,同时脂肪酸和碱的快速反应有利于共结晶形成的更充分,能够用更低的稠化剂制备性能优异的复合锂钙基润滑脂。高碱值磺酸盐的加入还能够为润滑脂提供良好的减磨、防锈性能,再辅以极压抗磨剂、抗氧剂、结构改进剂以及高分子聚合物等功能添加剂,使得该润滑脂能够满足苛刻工况条件下的设备润滑,综上,本方法生产效率高、能耗低、氢氧化锂用量少,有效的解决了当前复合锂钙基润滑脂遇到的氢氧化锂价格飞涨、生产设备传热传质效果差、生产效率低下等问题,该方法制备的产品可广泛用于有冲击负荷的苛刻工况设备中。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1
参照图1,一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,包括基础油、稠化剂以及添加剂,组份比例按重量份数计如下:
基础油:71份;基础油为矿物油、聚烯烃合成基础油之一或两者的混合物;
稠化剂:脂肪酸锂皂、脂肪酸钙皂、脂肪酸锂皂与脂肪酸钙皂的混合物,用量为15份;
添加剂包括有:反应促进剂、抗氧添加剂、极压抗磨剂、结构改善剂、高分子聚合物;
反应促进剂:高碱值复合磺酸盐,用量为0.2份;具体为高碱值复合磺酸镁盐、高碱值复合磺酸钠盐、高碱值复合磺酸钙盐或任意两类的混合物;
抗氧添加剂:0.2份;抗氧化添加剂为芳基胺类化合物、烷基酚类化合物或任意两类化合物的混合物;
极压抗磨剂:8份;极压抗磨剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼盐或锑盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、磷酸三苯酯、环烷酸铅、硫化脂肪酸酯等多种混合物;
结构改善剂:1份;结构改进剂为烯基硼酸酰胺类化合物;
高分子聚合物:2份,高分子聚合物为氢化苯乙烯-异戊二烯共聚物、乙丙共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或两种及以上混合物。
具体制备步骤如下:
S1:按配比将芳基胺类化合物抗氧化剂加入到2/3基础油中,加入TBN400高碱值磺酸盐搅拌混合10-20分钟;
S2:加入水和全部氢氧化锂、氢氧化钙,升温至82℃~88℃;
S3:加入所有十二羟基硬脂酸,搅拌混合至其融化并形成最初的油脂皂化反应物;
S4:静置5-10分钟后,加入二元酸维持温度在88℃~94℃,反应30~45分钟,再升温至198℃至205℃保持15分钟后开始冷却;
S5:冷却至180℃~190℃时加入剩余的1/3基础油,
S6:冷却至80℃后根据需要加入少量调规油,调整锥入度至合适范围得到基础脂。在S6中得到的基础脂中依次加入抗氧化添加剂、结构改进剂、极压抗磨剂、和高分子聚合物,混合后通过均化器均化或研磨机研磨,过滤后即得产品。
实施例2
参照图1,本实施例中,组份比例按重量份数计如下:
基础油:80份;稠化剂:用量为20份;反应促进剂:高碱值复合磺酸盐,用量为0.6份;抗氧添加剂:1份;极压抗磨剂:10份;结构改善剂:2份;高分子聚合物:5份。
重复S1-S6步骤制得。
实施例3
参照图1,本实施例中,组份比例按重量份数计如下:
基础油:77份;稠化剂:用量为18份;反应促进剂:高碱值复合磺酸盐,用量为0.5份;抗氧添加剂:0.8份;极压抗磨剂:9份;结构改善剂:1.8份;高分子聚合物:4份。
重复S1-S6步骤制得。
实施例4
参照图1,本实施例中,组份比例按重量份数计如下:
基础油:74份;稠化剂:用量为16份;反应促进剂:高碱值复合磺酸盐,用量为0.35份;抗氧添加剂:0.6份;极压抗磨剂:9份;结构改善剂:1.5份;高分子聚合物:3.5份。
重复S1-S6步骤制得。
将配方量0.2~0.5%芳基胺类化合物抗氧化剂加入到配方量55~60%%基础油中,加入配方量0.2~0.8%TBN400高碱值磺酸盐搅拌混合15分钟,加入配方量1%水和配方量为2.5%~2.8%的全部氢氧化锂、0.5~1%氢氧化钙,升温至82℃~88℃,加入配方量为3.5~3.8的所有十二羟基硬脂酸,搅拌混合至其融化并形成最初的油脂皂化反应物。
5分钟后加入配方量1%~1.5%二元酸(癸二酸或壬二酸)维持温度在88℃~94℃反应30~45分钟,再升温至198℃至205℃保持15分钟后开始冷却,冷却至180℃~190℃时加入剩余的25~30%基础油,冷却至80℃后根据需要加入少量(5%以内)调规油调整锥入度至合适范围得到基础脂。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,包括基础油、稠化剂以及添加剂,其特征在于,组份比例按重量份数计如下:
基础油:71~80份;
稠化剂:脂肪酸锂皂、脂肪酸钙皂、脂肪酸锂皂与脂肪酸钙皂的混合物,用量为15~20份;
添加剂包括有:反应促进剂、抗氧添加剂、极压抗磨剂、结构改善剂、高分子聚合物;
反应促进剂:高碱值复合磺酸盐,用量为0.2~0.6份;
抗氧添加剂:0.2~1份;
极压抗磨剂:8~10份;
结构改善剂:1~2份;
高分子聚合物:2~5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述基础油为矿物油、聚烯烃合成基础油之一或两者的混合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述反应促进剂为高碱值复合磺酸镁盐、高碱值复合磺酸钠盐、高碱值复合磺酸钙盐或任意两类的混合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述抗氧化添加剂为芳基胺类化合物、烷基酚类化合物或任意两类化合物的混合物。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述极压抗磨剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼盐或锑盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、磷酸三苯酯、环烷酸铅、硫化脂肪酸酯等多种混合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述结构改进剂为烯基硼酸酰胺类化合物。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述高分子聚合物为氢化苯乙烯-异戊二烯共聚物、乙丙共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或两种及以上混合物。
8.一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂的制备方法,其特征在于:用于制备上述的复合锂钙基润滑脂,具体步骤如下:
S1:按配比将芳基胺类化合物抗氧化剂加入到2/3基础油中,加入TBN400高碱值磺酸盐搅拌混合10-20分钟;
S2:加入水和全部氢氧化锂、氢氧化钙,升温至82℃~88℃;
S3:加入所有十二羟基硬脂酸,搅拌混合至其融化并形成最初的油脂皂化反应物;
S4:静置5-10分钟后,加入二元酸维持温度在88℃~94℃,反应30~45分钟,再升温至198℃至205℃保持15分钟后开始冷却;
S5:冷却至180℃~190℃时加入剩余的1/3基础油,
S6:冷却至80℃后根据需要加入少量调规油,调整锥入度至合适范围得到基础脂。
9.如权利要求8所述的一种汽车轮毂用复合锂钙基润滑脂的制备方法,其特征在于:在S6中得到的基础脂中依次加入抗氧化添加剂、结构改进剂、极压抗磨剂、和高分子聚合物,混合后通过均化器均化或研磨机研磨,过滤后即得产品。
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