CN113999007A - 氧化锆多层色彩仿真陶瓷义齿生产工艺 - Google Patents
氧化锆多层色彩仿真陶瓷义齿生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，将氧化锆原粉、矿物色料、抗菌材料混合均匀，将混合后的粉体与有机粘结物进行升温密炼，将密炼后的材料通过造粒机进行造粒，得到带有颜色的氧化锆造粒料；采用多料筒注射机，填装多种颜色的氧化锆造粒料，采用旋转立式注射或下模平移注射的方式按工艺要求依次进行喂料，通过模具得到颜色呈现出真牙般的多层过度颜色效果的陶瓷义齿；将陶瓷义齿氧化烧结。本发明是采用多次注射喂料的工艺方式改变了传统单色工艺达到氧化锆义齿呈现多色效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，属于陶瓷材料成型工艺技术领域。
背景技术
二氧化锆陶瓷是一种很优秀的高科技生物材料。很早就用于髋关节修复，十分安全。二氧化锆陶瓷是钇稳定的氧化锆陶瓷，具有很高的抗弯强度，目前通过国内注册的材料强度都达到900MPa，而国家牙科材料的标准为100MPa(YY0716-2009)。二氧化锆陶瓷不同于其他的陶瓷，其韧性很好，可以与金属媲美。
1970年代，德国著名的VITA公司发明了In-Ceram技术，全瓷冠的强度得到了很大的提高，并很快应用于临床，全瓷冠逼真的美学效果令牙医们震惊，连牙医也很难分辨哪一颗是假牙。现在随着材料科学和计算机技术的发展，CAD-CAM技术被应用于假牙的制作，目前二氧化锆电脑全瓷牙Cercon已成为全瓷牙中最成功的产品。
氧化锆义齿的优点：
1.牙龈边缘无黑线，无厚重感，无牙龈红肿出血现象，让你真正感觉到陶瓷牙是从你自己的牙龈里长出来的。
2.与真牙相匹配的透光性，其色泽自然，修复体同健康牙齿浑然一体，很难区分了，不再有在灯光下“青牙闪闪”的尴尬。
3.与金属烤瓷牙相媲美的抗压强度，完全不必担心瓷崩裂的现象。
4.二氧化锆是一种很优秀的高科技生物材料。生物相容性好，优于各种金属合金，包括黄金。二氧化锆对牙龈无刺激、无过敏反应，很适合应用于口腔，避免了金属在口腔内产生的过敏、刺激、腐蚀等不良反应。
5.磨牙较少，更大程度地保留自己的牙齿组织
6.如果患者口腔中镶嵌的假牙是含金属的烤瓷冠，在患者需要做头颅x线、CT、核磁共振检查时，将会受到影响甚至拆除。非金属的二氧化锆对x线却无任何阻挡，只要镶入二氧化锆烤瓷牙，日后需头颅x线、CT、核磁共振检查时都不需要拆掉假牙，省去很多麻烦。
目前氧化锆全瓷牙的制作方法分为两种：一、手工加工；二、电脑数控加工。
手工加工的加工过程为：备牙——牙模——代模——蜡型——仿形加工——烧制——上瓷——烤瓷。
电脑数控加工的加工过程为：备牙——牙模——代模——扫描模型——电脑数控加工——烧制——上瓷——烤瓷。电脑数控加工的牙与自然牙结合紧密，不会有细菌在缝隙中滋生。
目前不管是采用手工加工或电脑数控加工在制作氧化锆义齿都需要进行仿形加工(即在一块固定大小的压制氧化锆粉饼上进行精雕加工)都属于个性话定制产品，其价格昂贵而且材料和能源颇为浪费，一般都老年人即使想尝试氧化锆义齿也会因为其价格不愿消费。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：如何使陶瓷牙齿实现批量上色。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)：将氧化锆原粉、矿物色料、抗菌材料混合均匀，将混合后的粉体与有机粘结物进行升温密炼，将密炼后的材料通过造粒机进行造粒，得到带有颜色的氧化锆造粒料；
步骤2)：采用多料筒注射机，填装多种颜色的氧化锆造粒料，采用旋转立式注射或下模平移注射的方式按工艺要求依次进行喂料，通过模具得到颜色呈现出真牙般的多层过度颜色效果的陶瓷义齿；
步骤3)：将陶瓷义齿氧化烧结。
优选地，所述步骤1)中矿物色料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的1～5‰，抗菌材料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的1～3‰。
优选地，所述步骤1)中的抗菌材料为银系无机抗菌材料。
优选地，所述步骤2)中的模具包括一个后模及多个与之搭配的前模，通过一模多次注射喂料方式进行注射成型。
优选地，所述步骤3)中氧化烧结的工艺条件为：氧气气氛，烧结温度室温～1530℃，烧结时间24～26小时，保温8～9小时。
本发明是采用多次注射喂料的工艺方式改变了传统单色工艺达到氧化锆义齿呈现多色效果。
本发明采用氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，将使氧化锆义齿生产过程中无需人工多次上色只需要通过上釉烧结，成本大大降低，同时通过加入抗菌材料是义齿在原来的基础上具有抗菌的功效。
具体实施方式
为使本发明更明显易懂，兹以优选实施例，作详细说明如下。
实施例1
一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)：将氧化锆原粉、矿物色料、银系无机抗菌材料混合均匀，将混合后的粉体与有机粘结物进行升温密炼，将密炼后的材料通过造粒机进行造粒，得到带有颜色的氧化锆造粒料；矿物色料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的5‰，抗菌材料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的3‰；
步骤2)：采用多料筒注射机，填装多种颜色的氧化锆造粒料，采用旋转立式注射或下模平移注射的方式按工艺要求依次进行喂料，通过模具(包括一个后模及多个与之搭配的前模，通过一模多次注射喂料方式进行注射成型)得到颜色呈现出真牙般的多层过度颜色效果的陶瓷义齿；
步骤3)：将陶瓷义齿氧化烧结，氧化烧结的工艺条件为：氧气气氛，烧结温度室温～1530℃，烧结时间24～26小时，保温8～9小时。
实施例2
一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)：将氧化锆原粉、矿物色料、银系无机抗菌材料混合均匀，将混合后的粉体与有机粘结物进行升温密炼，将密炼后的材料通过造粒机进行造粒，得到带有颜色的氧化锆造粒料；矿物色料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的1‰，抗菌材料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的1‰；
步骤2)：采用多料筒注射机，填装多种颜色的氧化锆造粒料，采用旋转立式注射或下模平移注射的方式按工艺要求依次进行喂料，通过模具(包括一个后模及多个与之搭配的前模，通过一模多次注射喂料方式进行注射成型)得到颜色呈现出真牙般的多层过度颜色效果的陶瓷义齿；
步骤3)：将陶瓷义齿氧化烧结，氧化烧结的工艺条件为：氧气气氛，烧结温度室温～1530℃，烧结时间24～26小时，保温8～9小时。
实施例3
一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)：将氧化锆原粉、矿物色料、银系无机抗菌材料混合均匀，将混合后的粉体与有机粘结物进行升温密炼，将密炼后的材料通过造粒机进行造粒，得到带有颜色的氧化锆造粒料；矿物色料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的3‰，抗菌材料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的2‰；
步骤2)：采用多料筒注射机，填装多种颜色的氧化锆造粒料，采用旋转立式注射或下模平移注射的方式按工艺要求依次进行喂料，通过模具(包括一个后模及多个与之搭配的前模，通过一模多次注射喂料方式进行注射成型)得到颜色呈现出真牙般的多层过度颜色效果的陶瓷义齿；
步骤3)：将陶瓷义齿氧化烧结，氧化烧结的工艺条件为：氧气气氛，烧结温度室温～1530℃，烧结时间24～26小时，保温8～9小时。
实施例4
一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)：将氧化锆原粉、矿物色料、银系无机抗菌材料混合均匀，将混合后的粉体与有机粘结物进行升温密炼，将密炼后的材料通过造粒机进行造粒，得到带有颜色的氧化锆造粒料；矿物色料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的2‰，抗菌材料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的3‰；
步骤2)：采用多料筒注射机，填装多种颜色的氧化锆造粒料，采用旋转立式注射或下模平移注射的方式按工艺要求依次进行喂料，通过模具(包括一个后模及多个与之搭配的前模，通过一模多次注射喂料方式进行注射成型)得到颜色呈现出真牙般的多层过度颜色效果的陶瓷义齿；
步骤3)：将陶瓷义齿氧化烧结，氧化烧结的工艺条件为：氧气气氛，烧结温度室温～1530℃，烧结时间24～26小时，保温8～9小时。
实施例5
一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)：将氧化锆原粉、矿物色料、银系无机抗菌材料混合均匀，将混合后的粉体与有机粘结物进行升温密炼，将密炼后的材料通过造粒机进行造粒，得到带有颜色的氧化锆造粒料；矿物色料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的4‰，抗菌材料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的1‰；
步骤2)：采用多料筒注射机，填装多种颜色的氧化锆造粒料，采用旋转立式注射或下模平移注射的方式按工艺要求依次进行喂料，通过模具(包括一个后模及多个与之搭配的前模，通过一模多次注射喂料方式进行注射成型)得到颜色呈现出真牙般的多层过度颜色效果的陶瓷义齿；
步骤3)：将陶瓷义齿氧化烧结，氧化烧结的工艺条件为：氧气气氛，烧结温度室温～1530℃，烧结时间24～26小时，保温8～9小时。
Claims (5)
1.一种氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)：将氧化锆原粉、矿物色料、抗菌材料混合均匀，将混合后的粉体与有机粘结物进行升温密炼，将密炼后的材料通过造粒机进行造粒，得到带有颜色的氧化锆造粒料；
步骤2)：采用多料筒注射机，填装多种颜色的氧化锆造粒料，采用旋转立式注射或下模平移注射的方式按工艺要求依次进行喂料，通过模具得到颜色呈现出真牙般的多层过度颜色效果的陶瓷义齿；
步骤3)：将陶瓷义齿氧化烧结。
2.如权利要求1所述的氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中矿物色料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的1～5‰，抗菌材料的加入量为氧化锆原粉质量的1～3‰。
3.如权利要求1所述的氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中的抗菌材料为银系无机抗菌材料。
4.如权利要求1所述的氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤2)中的模具包括一个后模及多个与之搭配的前模，通过一模多次注射喂料方式进行注射成型。
5.如权利要求1所述的氧化锆多层色彩陶瓷义齿生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤3)中氧化烧结的工艺条件为：氧气气氛，烧结温度室温～1530℃，烧结时间24～26小时，保温8～9小时。
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