CN113974023A - Ingredients and preparation method of liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for mixed culture fish - Google Patents
Ingredients and preparation method of liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for mixed culture fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN113974023A CN113974023A CN202111248353.XA CN202111248353A CN113974023A CN 113974023 A CN113974023 A CN 113974023A CN 202111248353 A CN202111248353 A CN 202111248353A CN 113974023 A CN113974023 A CN 113974023A
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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Abstract
The ingredients and the preparation method of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the polyculture fish comprise the following steps: fermentation substrate and zymogen liquid; the fermentation substrate comprises corn, soybean meal, honeysuckle, turmeric, white peony root, liquorice, gynostemma pentaphylla, perilla leaf powder and bran; pulverizing the corn, the bean pulp, the honeysuckle, the turmeric, the white paeony root, the liquorice, the gynostemma pentaphylla and the perilla leaf powder to 30-40 meshes, and mixing with 30-40 meshes of bran to prepare a fermentation substrate. The method effectively avoids the defects of high drug cost, easy repeated attack of diseases and high feed cost of liver protection and antibacterial drugs for the mixed cultured fish in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fermented feeds, in particular to ingredients and a preparation method of a liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for polyculture fish.
Background
The polyculture of fish is to polyculture a plurality of varieties of fish together, so that the effect of increasing the culture benefit is achieved. Different fishes are mixedly cultured, so that redundant food, other residues and scraps can be consumed, the space utilization rate of feed and water is improved, and different varieties of commercial fishes can be produced. With the development of feed industry in recent years, under an intensive culture mode promoted by compound feed, the nutritional metabolic syndrome of cultured fishes comes along, wherein hepatobiliary syndrome is a fish disease with the highest morbidity, the epidemic season is mainly at the peak feeding period of 6-10 months, the harmful objects are mainly carps, grass carps, spotted breeches, snakeheads, megalobrama amblycephala, herrings, tilapia and the like, both seedlings and adult fishes can occur, the mortality can reach 50% -90%, and serious losses are caused. The most important factors causing the disease are that the feeding amount is too large, the nutrition is excessive, the water quality is deteriorated, the harmful substances in the water body exceed the standard, the pathogenic microorganism is infected, and the like.
The existing prevention and control scheme mainly adopts the combined use of chemically synthesized or Chinese medicinal preparation medicines for protecting liver, resisting bacteria and the like for prevention and control, and has the problems of high medicament cost, easy repeated attack of diseases and the like. The No. 1 file of agriculture and fishery and the patent paper for drug use of the rural part in 2021 year are on the market, the drug use types are limited, and the prevention and control difficulty of the disease is increased; in addition, due to the rising of the price of feed raw materials, in order to reduce the feed cost, the types and the use proportion of unconventional feed raw materials are increased in feed production, the digestion burden of aquatic animals is further increased, and the liver and gallbladder health of fishes faces huge challenges, so that the development of a liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed is urgently needed to relieve the current culture problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the ingredients and the preparation method of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the polyculture fish, and the defects of high drug cost, easy repeated attack of diseases and high feed cost of liver-protecting and antibacterial drugs for the polyculture fish in the prior art are effectively overcome.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a solution of ingredients and a preparation method of a liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for polyculture fish, which comprises the following specific steps:
a formula of a liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for polyculture fish comprises:
fermentation substrate and zymogen liquid;
the fermentation substrate comprises corn, soybean meal, honeysuckle, turmeric, white peony root, liquorice, gynostemma pentaphylla, perilla leaf powder and bran;
pulverizing the corn, the bean pulp, the honeysuckle, the turmeric, the white paeony root, the liquorice, the gynostemma pentaphylla and the perilla leaf powder to 30-40 meshes, and mixing with 30-40 meshes of bran to prepare a fermentation substrate.
Further, the corn is 35-40 parts by weight, the soybean meal is 15-20 parts by weight, the bran is 20-25 parts by weight, the honeysuckle is 16-20 parts by weight, the turmeric is 13-15 parts by weight, the white peony root is 18-22 parts by weight, the licorice is 15-18 parts by weight, the gynostemma pentaphylla is 15-18 parts by weight, and the perilla leaf powder is 10-15 parts by weight.
Further, the raw materials of the zymocyte liquid comprise: lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, brown sugar and water;
the strain ratio of the lactobacillus acidophilus, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus: lactobacillus plantarum: b, bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: saccharomyces cerevisiae ═ (3-7): (2-4): (3-7): (2-4): (6-10);
sealing and activating lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, brown sugar and water for 3-5 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution I for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the lactobacillus acidophilus to the lactobacillus plantarum to the brown sugar to the water is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus plantarum: brown sugar: water ═ 5-15: (2-8): (40-120);
b, oxygenating and activating the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar and water for 2-3 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution II for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar to the water is as follows: bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae: brown sugar: water ═ 5-25: (2-8): (40-120);
mixing the activated bacterium liquid I and the activated bacterium liquid II to obtain a mixture, adding water into the mixture to prepare a zymogen liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the activated bacterium liquid I to the activated bacterium liquid II is (3-9): (2-6), wherein the weight ratio of the mixture to the water is 1: (80-100).
Further, the weight ratio of the zymocyte liquid to the fermentation substrate is as follows: (300-400): 1000.
a preparation method of a liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for polyculture fish comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing a fermentation substrate and a zymogen liquid to prepare a fermentation material;
step 2: stacking the fermented materials in a fermentation tank, wherein the height of the fermented materials is 60-80 cm;
and step 3: and (3) periodically turning over the fermentation material by monitoring the change of the temperature and the pH value of the fermentation material, and alternately performing aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation periods of the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are both 80-120 h, so as to obtain the finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the mixed culture fish.
Further, the manner of monitoring the temperature and pH changes of the fermentation material includes: an electronic thermometer is arranged in the fermentation tank for temperature monitoring, the temperature is recorded once every two hours, and the rake is turned when the temperature is higher than 47 ℃, so that the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are alternately carried out;
simultaneously monitoring the pH value, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) detecting the pH value of the fermented material every 18 hours, and obtaining a finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for the mixed culture fish when the pH value is less than 4.5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the application effect is improved, and the use cost is reduced: on one hand, the method screens the feeding natural plants of honeysuckle, turmeric, white paeony root, liquorice, gynostemma pentaphylla and perilla leaf with the functions of protecting liver, relieving liver injury, detoxifying and the like, and the chemical components of the honeysuckle mainly comprise chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, organic acids such as 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester and the like, quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, isorhamnetin, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside flavonoid, 6 '-O-acetyl secoisolaricoside hemiacetal lactone, 6' -O-acetyl epoxy loganin iridoid terpene glycosides, lonicera macranthoides saponin A, lonicera macranthoides saponin B, lonicera macranthoides A saponin A, lonicera macranthoides B, dipsacus asperoides, ethyl acetate, secoisolaricoside A-iridoid glycosides, lonicera macranthoides A-saponin A, lonicera macranthoides, and the like, Triterpenoid saponins such as akebia saponin D and hederagenin have the effects of resisting tumor, bacteria and viruses, resisting aging and oxidation, reducing blood sugar, protecting liver, enhancing organism immunity, resisting platelet aggregation and the like; the turmeric mainly contains curcumin, phenolic acids, terpenoids and other components, and has the effects of dredging collaterals, promoting qi circulation, relieving pain, resisting oxidative damage and the like; the radix paeoniae alba mainly contains monoterpene, triterpenes, flavonoids and the like, and researches show that the radix paeoniae alba has the effects of protecting the cardiovascular system, resisting inflammation, resisting oxidation, reducing liver injury and the like; the Glycyrrhrizae radix mainly contains Glycyrrhrizae radix total flavone, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, triterpenes, and liquiritin, and has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, immunity regulating, antiulcer, toxic materials clearing away, anticancer, and hepatic fibrosis resisting effects; volatile oil, flavone, anthocyanin, phenolic acid, glycoside, triterpenes, steroid and other chemical components in the perilla leaves have the main effects of anti-inflammatory activity, regulation and control of the activity and function of innate immune cells, regulation of the balance of helper T cells and the like; the fat regulating effect of the gynostemma pentaphylla is mainly related to the gypenoside, the content of cholesterol and triacylglycerol in the liver can be obviously reduced, the fatty degeneration and inflammatory reaction of liver tissues are also obviously reduced, and the gypenoside, the gynostemma pentaphylla polysaccharide and the gynostemma pentaphylla total flavone all have good antioxidant activity and have good scavenging effect on free radicals. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared by adopting conventional methods such as steaming, boiling, frying, roasting and the like, the invention optimally optimizes and combines feedable natural plants with obvious regulation effect on the liver and the gallbladder of animals such as polyculture fish, and is prepared by adopting a microbial fermentation technology, feedable natural plant raw materials can perform specific redox reaction on compounds with more complex structures after being fully fermented by microbes, probiotics can release a large amount of extracellular enzymes including cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, protease, amylase and the like in the fermentation process, the enzymes can decompose compact structures such as cellulose, pectin, hemicellulose, lignin and the like in plant cell walls, promote the release of active substances in plant cells, generate rich bioactive substances, improve the drug effect and reduce the using amount of the bioactive substances, on the other hand, partial enzyme systems generated by the microbes can help animals to quickly digest feed, promoting the absorption and utilization of nutrient substances and greatly reducing the culture cost.
2) By combining with a microbial fermentation technology and adopting a multi-strain aerobic-anaerobic deep fermentation mode, the dissolution and biotransformation of effective components in the natural plant for feed can be effectively promoted, the drug effect is improved, the use amount is reduced, and the nutrient can be supplemented to promote the restoration of liver and gall functions; on the other hand, the microbial fermentation feed can regulate and control the intestinal micro-ecological environment, inhibit the reproduction of ammonia-producing putrefying bacteria, reduce the blood ammonia concentration, play a role in protecting the liver and strengthen the application effect.
3) The problems of nutrition and water quality are solved: when animals such as mixed-cultured fish suffer from liver and gall diseases, the appetite of the animals is reduced, particularly, poor feed intake of the feed added with medicines is caused, the resistance of the animals suffering from the diseases is reduced due to insufficient nutrition, meanwhile, the intake of effective medicines is insufficient due to poor feed intake, the medication period is too long, and particularly, the liver is damaged due to chemical medicines; in addition, when the ingestion decline is serious, the secretion of bile can be inhibited, bile duct obstruction is easy to cause, and the burden of liver and gall is increased. The biological fermentation feed for protecting liver and benefiting gallbladder has strong acid flavor and strong food calling property, and can promote the ingestion of the sick animals; the feed is predigested by microorganisms, is rich in various micromolecule nutrients, can effectively reduce digestion pressure, enhance the physique of animals, promote the restoration of liver and gall functions and improve the utilization efficiency of the feed; the biological fermentation feed for protecting liver and benefiting gallbladder can also supplement beneficial bacteria in water, cultivate beneficial algae, reduce eutrophication of water and reduce breeding of pathogenic microorganisms. The product plays a role in liver and gall health care through double regulation and control of internal factors of aquatic animals and external factors of water environment.
Effectively avoids the defects of high drug cost, easy repeated attack of diseases and high feed cost of liver protection and antibacterial drugs for the mixed culture fish in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the formula of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for polyculture fish comprises:
fermentation substrate and zymogen liquid;
the fermentation substrate comprises corn, soybean meal, honeysuckle, turmeric, white peony root, liquorice, gynostemma pentaphylla, perilla leaf powder and bran;
the corn, the bean pulp, the honeysuckle, the turmeric, the white paeony root, the liquorice, the gynostemma pentaphylla and the perilla leaf powder are crushed into 35 meshes, and then mixed with the bran of 35 meshes to prepare the fermentation substrate.
The weight parts of the corn are 37 parts, the weight parts of the soybean meal are 17 parts, the weight parts of the bran are 22 parts, the weight parts of the honeysuckle are 18 parts, the weight parts of the turmeric are 14 parts, the weight parts of the white peony root are 20 parts, the weight parts of the licorice are 16 parts, the weight parts of the gynostemma pentaphylla are 16 parts, and the weight parts of the perilla leaf powder are 12 parts.
The raw materials of the zymocyte liquid comprise: lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, brown sugar and water;
the strain ratio of the lactobacillus acidophilus, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus: lactobacillus plantarum: b, bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: 5, saccharomyces cerevisiae: 3: 5: 3: 8;
lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, brown sugar and water are sealed and activated for 4 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution I for standby application, wherein the weight ratio of the Lactobacillus acidophilus to the Lactobacillus plantarum to the brown sugar to the water is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus plantarum: brown sugar: water 10: 5: 80;
b, oxygenating and activating the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar and water for 2.5 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution II for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis to the saccharomyces cerevisiae to the brown sugar to the water is as follows: bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae: brown sugar: water 15: 5: 80;
mixing the activated bacterium liquid I and the activated bacterium liquid II to obtain a mixture, adding water into the mixture to prepare a zymogen liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the activated bacterium liquid I to the activated bacterium liquid II is 6: 4, the weight ratio of the mixture to the water is 1: 90.
the weight ratio of the zymocyte liquid to the zymolyte is as follows: 350: 1000.
the preparation method of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the mixed culture fish comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing a fermentation substrate and a zymogen liquid to prepare a fermentation material;
step 2: stacking the fermented materials in a fermentation tank, wherein the height of the fermented materials is 70 cm;
and step 3: and (3) periodically turning over the fermentation material by monitoring the change of the temperature and the pH value of the fermentation material, and alternately performing aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation periods of the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are both 100h, so as to obtain the finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the mixed culture fish.
The manner of monitoring the temperature and pH changes of the fermentation material includes: an electronic thermometer is arranged in the fermentation tank for temperature monitoring, the temperature is recorded once every two hours, and the rake is turned when the temperature is higher than 47 ℃, so that the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are alternately carried out;
simultaneously monitoring the pH value, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) detecting the pH value of the fermented material every 18 hours, and obtaining a finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for the mixed culture fish when the pH value is less than 4.5.
The embodiment improves the application effect, reduces the use cost, combines the microbial fermentation technology, adopts a multi-strain aerobic and anaerobic deep fermentation mode, can effectively promote the dissolution and biotransformation of effective components in the feedable natural plants, improves the drug effect, reduces the use amount, supplements nutrients and promotes the restoration of liver and gall functions; on the other hand, the biological fermentation feed can regulate and control the intestinal micro-ecological environment, inhibit the reproduction of ammonia-producing putrefying bacteria, reduce the concentration of blood ammonia, play a role in protecting the liver, strengthen the application effect and solve the problems of nutrition and water quality.
Example 2:
as shown in figure 1, the formula of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for polyculture fish comprises:
fermentation substrate and zymogen liquid;
the fermentation substrate comprises corn, soybean meal, honeysuckle, turmeric, white peony root, liquorice, gynostemma pentaphylla, perilla leaf powder and bran;
the corn, the bean pulp, the honeysuckle, the turmeric, the white paeony root, the liquorice, the gynostemma pentaphylla and the perilla leaf powder are all crushed to 30 meshes and then mixed with bran of 30 meshes to prepare a fermentation substrate.
The weight parts of the corn are 35 parts, the weight parts of the soybean meal are 15 parts, the weight parts of the bran are 20 parts, the weight parts of the honeysuckle are 16 parts, the weight parts of the turmeric are 13 parts, the weight parts of the white peony root are 18 parts, the weight parts of the licorice are 15 parts, the weight parts of the gynostemma pentaphylla are 15 parts, and the weight parts of the perilla leaf powder are 10 parts.
The raw materials of the zymocyte liquid comprise: lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, brown sugar and water;
the strain ratio of the lactobacillus acidophilus, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus: lactobacillus plantarum: b, bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: 3, saccharomyces cerevisiae: 2: 3: 2: 6;
lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, brown sugar and water are sealed and activated for 3 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution I for standby application, wherein the weight ratio of the Lactobacillus acidophilus to the Lactobacillus plantarum to the brown sugar to the water is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus plantarum: brown sugar: water 15: 2: 40;
b, oxygenating and activating the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar and water for 2-3 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution II for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar to the water is as follows: bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae: brown sugar: water 5: 2: 40;
mixing the activated bacterium liquid I and the activated bacterium liquid II to obtain a mixture, adding water into the mixture to prepare a zymogen liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the activated bacterium liquid I to the activated bacterium liquid II is 9: 2, the weight ratio of the mixture to the water is 1: 80.
the weight ratio of the zymocyte liquid to the zymolyte is as follows: 300: 1000.
the preparation method of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the mixed culture fish comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing a fermentation substrate and a zymogen liquid to prepare a fermentation material;
step 2: stacking the fermented materials in a fermentation tank, wherein the height of the fermented materials is 60 cm;
and step 3: and (3) periodically turning over the fermentation material by monitoring the change of the temperature and the pH value of the fermentation material, and alternately performing aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation periods of the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are both 80h, so as to obtain the finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the mixed culture fish.
The embodiment improves the application effect, reduces the use cost, combines the microbial fermentation technology, adopts a multi-strain aerobic and anaerobic deep fermentation mode, can effectively promote the dissolution and biotransformation of effective components in the feedable natural plants, improves the drug effect, reduces the use amount, supplements nutrients and promotes the restoration of liver and gall functions; on the other hand, the biological fermentation feed can regulate and control the intestinal micro-ecological environment, inhibit the reproduction of ammonia-producing putrefying bacteria, reduce the concentration of blood ammonia, play a role in protecting the liver, strengthen the application effect and solve the problems of nutrition and water quality.
The manner of monitoring the temperature and pH changes of the fermentation material includes: an electronic thermometer is arranged in the fermentation tank for temperature monitoring, the temperature is recorded once every two hours, and the rake is turned when the temperature is higher than 47 ℃, so that the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are alternately carried out;
simultaneously monitoring the pH value, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) detecting the pH value of the fermented material every 18 hours, and obtaining a finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for the mixed culture fish when the pH value is less than 4.5.
Example 3:
as shown in figure 1, the formula of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for polyculture fish comprises:
fermentation substrate and zymogen liquid;
the fermentation substrate comprises corn, soybean meal, honeysuckle, turmeric, white peony root, liquorice, gynostemma pentaphylla, perilla leaf powder and bran;
the corn, the bean pulp, the honeysuckle, the turmeric, the white paeony root, the liquorice, the gynostemma pentaphylla and the perilla leaf powder are all crushed to 40 meshes and then mixed with bran of 40 meshes to prepare a fermentation substrate.
The weight parts of the corn are 40 parts, the weight parts of the soybean meal are 20 parts, the weight parts of the bran are 25 parts, the weight parts of the honeysuckle are 20 parts, the weight parts of the turmeric are 15 parts, the weight parts of the white peony root are 22 parts, the weight parts of the licorice are 18 parts, the weight parts of the gynostemma pentaphylla are 18 parts, and the weight parts of the perilla leaf powder are 15 parts.
The raw materials of the zymocyte liquid comprise: lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, brown sugar and water;
the strain ratio of the lactobacillus acidophilus, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus: lactobacillus plantarum: b, bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: 7, saccharomyces cerevisiae: 4: 7: 4: 10;
lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, brown sugar and water are sealed and activated for 5 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution I for standby application, wherein the weight ratio of the Lactobacillus acidophilus to the Lactobacillus plantarum to the brown sugar to the water is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus plantarum: brown sugar: water 15: 8: 120 of a solvent;
b, oxygenating and activating the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar and water for 2-3 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution II for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar to the water is as follows: bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae: brown sugar: 25 parts of water: 8: 120 of a solvent;
mixing the activated bacterium liquid I and the activated bacterium liquid II to obtain a mixture, adding water into the mixture to prepare a zymogen liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the activated bacterium liquid I to the activated bacterium liquid II is 9: 6, the weight ratio of the mixture to the water is 1: 100.
the weight ratio of the zymocyte liquid to the zymolyte is as follows: 400: 1000.
the preparation method of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the mixed culture fish comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing a fermentation substrate and a zymogen liquid to prepare a fermentation material;
step 2: stacking the fermented materials in a fermentation tank, wherein the height of the fermented materials is 80 cm;
and step 3: and (3) periodically turning over the fermentation material by monitoring the change of the temperature and the pH value of the fermentation material, and alternately performing aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation periods of the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are both 120h, so as to obtain the finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the mixed culture fish.
The manner of monitoring the temperature and pH changes of the fermentation material includes: an electronic thermometer is arranged in the fermentation tank for temperature monitoring, the temperature is recorded once every two hours, and the rake is turned when the temperature is higher than 47 ℃, so that the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are alternately carried out;
simultaneously monitoring the pH value, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) detecting the pH value of the fermented material every 18 hours, and obtaining a finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for the mixed culture fish when the pH value is less than 4.5.
The embodiment improves the application effect, reduces the use cost, combines the microbial fermentation technology, adopts a multi-strain aerobic and anaerobic deep fermentation mode, can effectively promote the dissolution and biotransformation of effective components in the feedable natural plants, improves the drug effect, reduces the use amount, supplements nutrients and promotes the restoration of liver and gall functions; on the other hand, the biological fermentation feed can regulate and control the intestinal micro-ecological environment, inhibit the reproduction of ammonia-producing putrefying bacteria, reduce the concentration of blood ammonia, play a role in protecting the liver, strengthen the application effect and solve the problems of nutrition and water quality.
The product of the embodiment 1 is tested at 4 culture pond mouths, each pond mouth is 100 mu in area, 2 control groups and 2 test groups are set, the control groups are fed with compound feed, 20% of the product of the embodiment 1 is added to the test groups on the basis of feeding the compound feed, 2 jin of the product of the embodiment is splashed for 1 time in the whole pond per mu every 7-10 days, the two groups of culture densities and conditions are consistent, the culture period is 3-12 months, and finally the production performance and liver oxidation resistance test results shown in the table 1 and the water quality indexes shown in the table 2 are obtained.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As shown by the above tests, the product of the embodiment 1 can promote the growth of fishes, improve the acre yield by more than 30 percent, improve the activity of liver superoxide dismutase by 24 percent and totally improve the acre yieldThe antioxidant capacity is improved by more than 1 time, the glutathione peroxidase activity is improved by 34 percent, a large amount of free radicals can be generated in the metabolic process of animal body cells under normal conditions, and when the free radicals are excessive, the body can be oxidized and damaged, such as the integrity of liver cell membranes is damaged, DNA structures are damaged, and the like. Meanwhile, a set of defense systems is arranged in the animal body and consists of a plurality of antioxidant enzymes and reducing substances. Wherein glutathione can be combined with free radical, and superoxide dismutase can disambiguate superoxide ion into H2O2And glutathione peroxidase activity catalyzes H in the presence of glutathione2O2The decomposition of the compound can remove free radicals, can obviously improve the oxidation damage resistance of the liver, Malonaldehyde (MDA) is a commonly used membrane lipid peroxidation index, the content of malonaldehyde is reduced by 25 percent after the product of the embodiment 1 is applied, which shows that the product can protect liver cell membranes from oxidation, ensure the integrity of cell membrane structures and exert normal physiological metabolism functions, simultaneously, the product of the embodiment 1 can improve the dissolved oxygen content of water, can increase the utilization efficiency of feed, relieve the pressure on liver and gall, reduce the content of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water, ensure that the water mainly comprises beneficial algae such as green algae and diatoms, reduce the toxic action of animals, simultaneously, the green algae and the diatoms can produce oxygen and purify water quality and are high-quality natural baits for the animals, and the blue algae and the euglena are harmful macroalgae in the water, the animals cannot eat food, and inhibit the growth of other algae after advantages are formed in the water, the product of the embodiment 1 comprehensively protects the health of liver and gallbladder by strengthening the health level of liver in vivo and improving the water environment for animal survival, reduces the incidence of liver and gallbladder diseases by 37.55 percent and has obvious prevention and control effects.
The present invention has been described in an illustrative manner by the embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above, but is capable of various changes, modifications and substitutions without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The formula of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the polyculture fish is characterized by comprising the following components:
fermentation substrate and zymogen liquid;
the fermentation substrate comprises corn, soybean meal, honeysuckle, turmeric, white peony root, liquorice, gynostemma pentaphylla, perilla leaf powder and bran;
pulverizing the corn, the bean pulp, the honeysuckle, the turmeric, the white paeony root, the liquorice, the gynostemma pentaphylla and the perilla leaf powder to 30-40 meshes, and mixing with 30-40 meshes of bran to prepare a fermentation substrate.
2. The formula of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the polyculture fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corn is 35-40 parts by weight, the soybean meal is 15-20 parts by weight, the bran is 20-25 parts by weight, the honeysuckle is 16-20 parts by weight, the turmeric is 13-15 parts by weight, the white peony root is 18-22 parts by weight, the licorice is 15-18 parts by weight, the gynostemma pentaphylla is 15-18 parts by weight, and the perilla leaf powder is 10-15 parts by weight.
3. The formula of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for the polyculture fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the zymocyte liquid comprise: lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, brown sugar and water;
the strain ratio of the lactobacillus acidophilus, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus: lactobacillus plantarum: b, bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: saccharomyces cerevisiae ═ (3-7): (2-4): (3-7): (2-4): (6-10);
sealing and activating lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, brown sugar and water for 3-5 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution I for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the lactobacillus acidophilus to the lactobacillus plantarum to the brown sugar to the water is as follows: lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus plantarum: brown sugar: water ═ 5-15: (2-8): (40-120);
b, oxygenating and activating the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar and water for 2-3 hours to prepare an activated bacterium solution II for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the brown sugar to the water is as follows: bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae: brown sugar: water ═ 5-25: (2-8): (40-120);
mixing the activated bacterium liquid I and the activated bacterium liquid II to obtain a mixture, adding water into the mixture to prepare a zymogen liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the activated bacterium liquid I to the activated bacterium liquid II is (3-9): (2-6), wherein the weight ratio of the mixture to the water is 1: (80-100).
4. The formula of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for the polyculture fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the zymocyte liquid to the fermentation substrate is as follows: (300-400): 1000.
5. a preparation method of a liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for polyculture fish is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing a fermentation substrate and a zymogen liquid to prepare a fermentation material;
step 2: stacking the fermented materials in a fermentation tank, wherein the height of the fermented materials is 60-80 cm;
and step 3: and (3) periodically turning over the fermentation material by monitoring the change of the temperature and the pH value of the fermentation material, and alternately performing aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation periods of the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are both 80-120 h, so as to obtain the finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermentation feed for the mixed culture fish.
6. The method for preparing the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for the polyculture fish as claimed in claim 5, wherein the manner of monitoring the temperature and pH value changes of the fermented material comprises: an electronic thermometer is arranged in the fermentation tank for temperature monitoring, the temperature is recorded once every two hours, and the rake is turned when the temperature is higher than 47 ℃, so that the aerobic fermentation and the anaerobic fermentation are alternately carried out;
simultaneously monitoring the pH value, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) detecting the pH value of the fermented material every 18 hours, and obtaining a finished product of the liver-protecting and gallbladder-benefiting biological fermented feed for the mixed culture fish when the pH value is less than 4.5.
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| CN109965145A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 广元市昭化区太子河家庭农场 | A kind of feed of grass carp and preparation method thereof |
| CN110089619A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-06 | 潘国雄 | A kind of Chinese medicine bacteria preparation fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN112205541A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-12 | 安徽天邦饲料科技有限公司 | Fermented aquatic animal-keeping feed and production process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220128 |