CN113957586A - 一种双层面料及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种双层面料及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN113957586A
CN113957586A CN202111218470.1A CN202111218470A CN113957586A CN 113957586 A CN113957586 A CN 113957586A CN 202111218470 A CN202111218470 A CN 202111218470A CN 113957586 A CN113957586 A CN 113957586A
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double
layer
layer fabric
proofing
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CN113957586B (zh
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施巍
肖晓
戚旭升
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Shanghai Mingxi Industrial Co ltd
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Abstract

本申请涉及纺织技术领域，具体公开了一种双层面料及其生产工艺，其生产工艺如下：包括选料、络丝、倍捻、定型、整经、穿综、保湿定型、倒筒、织造、染整；选料步骤：选用200D/45F混纺纱线为经丝，经丝由包括如下重量百分比的纱线混合制成：芳纶1313 89‑97%、芳纶1414 2‑8%、抗静电丝1‑3%；选用200D/40F芳纶1414为纬丝；染整包括水洗除油、定型上三防助剂和蒸呢；三防助剂包括如下重量份的原料：氟硅酸钠8‑10份、羟基硅油0.5‑0.7份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠7‑9份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 4‑6份、有机硅季铵盐2‑4份和水66‑70份；其具有使双层面料的防水性、防油性和防污性均较强的优点。

Description

一种双层面料及其生产工艺
技术领域
本申请涉及纺织技术的领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种双层面料及其生产工艺。
背景技术
消防员的防护服是进行作业时穿着的防护服装，用来对其上下躯干、头部、手部和脚部进行防护，包括防护上衣、防护裤、防护头套、防护手套以及防护脚套，具有防水、防火和耐热等特性。
现有的防护服面料一般是通过阻燃纤维纱线进行织造，阻燃纱线为阻燃粘胶和芳纶纤维，然后在面料表面覆盖防水剂。
针对上述相关技术，发明人认为，防护服面料在防水性能较高的同时，其防油性和防污性能不足。
发明内容
为了提供一种防水性、防油性和防污性能均均较强的面料，本申请提供一种双层面料及其生产工艺。
第一方面，本申请提供的一种双层面料，采用如下的技术方案：
一种双层面料的生产工艺，双层面料包括表层和里层，所述双层面料的生产工艺包括如下步骤：选料、络丝、倍捻、定型、整经、穿综、保湿定型、倒筒、织造、染整；
其中，选料步骤如下：
选用200D/45F混纺纱线为经丝，经丝由包括如下重量百分比的纱线混合制成：芳纶1313 89-97％、芳纶1414 2-8％、抗静电丝1-3％；选用200D/40F芳纶1414为纬丝；
染整步骤包括水洗除油、定型上三防助剂和蒸呢，其中，三防助剂由包括如下重量份的原料制备而成：氟硅酸钠8-10份、羟基硅油0.5-0.7份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠7-9份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 4-6份、有机硅季铵盐2-4份和水66-70份。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过选料，提高芳纶的百分占比，可以增加双层面料的强度，然后通过配制三防助剂，氟硅酸钠和羟基硅油具有较好的防水防油性，十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为乳化剂，硅烷偶联剂KH550和有机硅季铵盐在发挥防水性、防油性和防污性的同时，还有助于三防助剂在芳纶表面成膜，从而使双层面料的防水性、防油性和防污性均表现优异；并且经丝的原料在此范围内取值时，其对双层面料的各项性能无影响。
优选的，所述三防助剂由包括如下重量份的原料制备而成：氟硅酸钠9份、羟基硅油0.6份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠8份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 5份、有机硅季铵盐3份和水68份。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过调整三防助剂中各原料的配比，可以使双层面料综合的三防性能较优，其中沾水等级达到3级，拒油等级达到5级，沾污等级达到4级。
优选的，所述三防助剂还含有3-5重量份的柠檬酸钠。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过加入柠檬酸钠，可以增强三防助剂在双层面料表面之间的成膜性，从而提高其防水性。
优选的，所述三防助剂还含有0.5-1.0重量份的月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过加入月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，可以进一步提高三防助剂的防水性，是双层面料的沾水等级最高提高到5级。
优选的，所述染整步骤中，三防助剂添加到水中的质量百分浓度为5-7％。
通过采用上述技术方案，三防助剂的添加量在此范围时，其双层面料的三防性能均较优。
优选的，所述织造步骤如下：
将穿综后的经丝和倒筒后的纬丝进行织造，表层和里层的经纬密度相同，上机经密为120根/英寸，纬密为110根/英寸，通过下接上的方式，即里经与表纬交织，把表层与里层两面连接在一起，表纬与表经、表纬与里经相互交织成面料的表层，里经与里纬相互交织成面料的里层。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过此方法进行织造，可以直接得到双层面料，无需得到两个分层再进行缝制为双层，可以加快工序。
优选的，所述蒸呢步骤如下：
在150-160℃下进行蒸汽蒸制8-10min，然后通过5-15℃的风进行抽冷。
第二方面，本申请提供一种双层面料，采用如下的技术方案：
一种双层面料，所述双层面料由权利要求1-7任意一种双层面料的生产工艺制备而成。
综上所述，本申请具有以下有益效果：
1、通过选料，提高芳纶的百分占比，可以增加双层面料的强度，然后通过配制三防助剂，氟硅酸钠和羟基硅油具有较好的防水防油性，十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为乳化剂，硅烷偶联剂KH550和有机硅季铵盐在发挥防水性、防油性和防污性的同时，还有助于三防助剂在芳纶表面成膜，从而使双层面料的防水性、防油性和防污性均表现优异。
2、本申请制备的双层面料的拉伸强度均在438.7MPa及以上，沾水等级均在3级以上，拒油等级均达到4级及以上，并且沾污等级均超过3级，说明本申请的双层面料具有较好的三防性能。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
原料
本申请所用的有机硅季铵盐，型号为98-3，羟基硅油中羟基含量为0.5-3％；本申请的所用原料均为市售产品。
制备例
制备例1-3
制备例1-3的三防助剂，其各原料如表1所示，其制备步骤如下：
将各原料加入水中，搅拌至溶解，即可得到三防助剂。
表1制备例1-3的各原料及各原料用量(kg)
制备例1 制备例2 制备例3
氟硅酸钠 8 9 10
羟基硅油 0.7 0.6 0.5
十二烷基苯磺酸钠 7 8 9
硅烷偶联剂KH550 6 5 4
有机硅季铵盐 2 3 4
水 66 68 70
制备例4
一种三防助剂，与制备例2的不同之处在于，还包括3kg的柠檬酸钠，其余步骤与制备例2均相同。
制备例5
一种三防助剂，与制备例2的不同之处在于，还包括5kg的柠檬酸钠，其余步骤与制备例3均相同。
制备例6
一种三防助剂，与制备例4的不同之处在于，还包括0.5kg的月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，其余步骤与制备例4均相同。
制备例7
一种三防助剂，与制备例4的不同之处在于，还包括1.0kg的月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，其余步骤与制备例4均相同。
实施例
实施例1
一种双层面料，其生产工艺的具体步骤如下：
1)选料：选用200D/45F混纺纱线为经丝，经丝由包括如下重量百分比的纱线混合制成：芳纶1313 93％、芳纶1414 5％、抗静电丝2％；纬丝选用200D/40F芳纶1414；
2)将步骤1)得到的经丝在络丝机上进行络丝，络丝所用张力设置为20CN，然后将其放置到倍捻机上，在捻度为800T/m的参数下进行倍捻，然后将倍捻后的经丝放置到低弹丝定型机上进行定型，定型后进行分条整经和穿综；
3)将步骤1)得到的纬丝通过络丝机进行络丝，络丝所用张力设置为20CN，在捻度为700T/m的参数下进行倍捻，将倍捻后的纬丝进行保湿定型和倒筒；
4)织造：将穿综后的经丝和倒筒后的纬丝放到双喷多臂喷水织机上，在转速为1000RPM的参数下进行织造，表层和里层的经纬密度相同，上机经密为120根/英寸，纬密为110根/英寸，通过下接上的方式，即里经与表纬交织，把表层与里层两面连接在一起，表纬与表经、表纬与里经相互交织成面料的表层，里经与里纬相互交织成面料的里层；
5)染整：将洗涤助剂加入水中，得洗涤液，洗涤助剂的重量百分浓度为1.5％，将然后将步骤4)得到的布料放入洗涤液中，升高温度到105℃进行除油；
将三防助剂和防水同浴硬挺剂加入水中，得混合液，混合液中的三防助剂的质量百分浓度为5％，防水同浴硬挺剂的质量百分浓度为1％，将定型后的面料浸泡在混合液中8min，浴比为1:5，然后进行阴干；
将阴干后的面料在温度为190℃，车速为25m/min的参数下进行定型；
6)蒸呢：将步骤5)得到的面料在160℃蒸汽蒸制8min后，用15℃的冷风进行抽冷，使面料快速收缩，得双层面料。
其中，三防助剂来自制备例1。
实施例2
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其步骤5)中，混合液中的三防助剂来自制备例2，其余步骤与实施例1均相同。
实施例3
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其步骤5)中，混合液中的三防助剂来自制备例3，其余步骤与实施例1均相同。
实施例4
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其步骤5)中，混合液中的三防助剂来自制备例4，其余步骤与实施例1均相同。
实施例5
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其步骤5)中，混合液中的三防助剂来自制备例5，其余步骤与实施例1均相同。
实施例6
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其步骤5)中，混合液中的三防助剂来自制备例6，其余步骤与实施例1均相同。
实施例7
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其步骤5)中，混合液中的三防助剂来自制备例7，其余步骤与实施例1均相同。
实施例8
一种双层面料，与实施例7的不同之处在于，其步骤5)中，混合液中的三防助剂的质量百分浓度为6％，其余步骤与实施例7均相同。
实施例9
一种双层面料，与实施例7的不同之处在于，其步骤5)中，混合液中的三防助剂的质量百分浓度为7％，其余步骤与实施例7均相同。
实施例10
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，步骤5)中，将阴干后的面料在180℃下进行定型，车速为20m/min；步骤6)中，将步骤5)得到的面料在150℃蒸汽蒸制10min后，用5℃的冷风进行抽冷，使面料快速收缩，得双层面料。
对比例
对比例1
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其硅烷偶联剂KH550的添加量为0，其余步骤与实施例1均相同。
对比例2
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其有机硅季铵盐的添加量为0，其余步骤与与实施例1均相同。
对比例3
一种双层面料，与实施例1的不同之处在于，其有机硅季铵盐的添加量为6kg，其余步骤与与实施例1均相同。
性能检测试验
检测方法/试验方法
对实施例1-10和对比例1-3得到的双层面料，按照如下方法进行检测，其检测结果如表2所示。
防水性：按照GB/T4745-2012中的检测方法进行检测，其中，沾水等级分为1-5级，等级越高，其防水性越强；
防油性：按照GB/T19977-2014中的检测方法进行检测，拒油等级越高，其防油性越强，拒油等级≥6级为具有优异的拒油性能，≥5级为具有较好的拒油性能，≥4级为具有拒油性能；防污性：按照GB/T30159.1-2013中的检测方法进行检测，沾污等级越高，其防污性越强，沾污等级分为1-5级，5级为最高等级；
拉伸强度：按照ASTM D5034-2017规定的方法进行测试。
表2实施例1-10和对比例1-3的双层面料的检测结果
拉伸强度(MPa) 沾水等级 拒油等级 沾污等级
实施例1 440.1 4级 4级 4级
实施例2 438.9 3级 5级 4级
实施例3 439.7 4级 4级 3级
实施例4 440.0 4级 5级 5级
实施例5 439.2 4级 5级 4级
实施例6 438.7 4级 6级 5级
实施例7 439.3 4级 7级 5级
实施例8 439.5 5级 7级 5级
实施例9 439.3 5级 7级 5级
实施例10 439.4 4级 4级 4级
对比例1 438.7 2级 3级 3级
对比例2 439.2 2级 2级 3级
对比例3 439.1 4级 2级 3级
结合实施例1-10和对比例1-3并结合表2可以看出，本申请的双层面料的拉伸强度均在438.7MPa及以上，沾水等级均在3级以上，拒油等级均达到4级及以上，并且沾污等级均超过3级，说明本申请的双层面料具有较好的三防性能。
从实施例1-3的检测数据可以看出，制备例2制备的三防助剂的拒油等级和沾污等级均较优，沾水等级达到3级，综合性能较好。并且结合实施例4-5的检测数据可以看出，在三防助剂内添加柠檬酸钠后，其双层面料的在拒油等级和沾污等级不下降的情况下，其沾水等级提高；结合实施例6-7的检测结果可以看出，三防助剂添加一定量柠檬酸钠和月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚后，其双层面料的沾水等级、拒油等级和沾污等级均提高。
从实施例7和实施例8-9的检测数据可以看出，三防助剂的添加量在6％时，其三防效果较优，并且添加量继续增大时，三防效果无明显提高。
从实施例1和实施例10的检测数据可以看出，改变步骤5)的参数，对双层面料的各项性能无明显影响。
从实施例1和对比例1-3的检测数据可以看出，三防助剂中不添加硅烷偶联剂KH550或有机硅季铵盐，其面料的三防效果较差，说明两种原料之间具有相互协同的作用。三防助剂中有机硅季铵盐的添加量超出既定范围后，其拒油效果不足。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释，其并不是对本申请的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (8)

1.一种双层面料的生产工艺，其特征在于，双层面料包括表层和里层，所述双层面料的生产工艺包括如下步骤：选料、络丝、倍捻、定型、整经、穿综、保湿定型、倒筒、织造、染整；
其中，选料步骤如下：
选用200D/45F混纺纱线为经丝，经丝由包括如下重量百分比的纱线混合制成：芳纶1313 89-97%、芳纶1414 2-8%、抗静电丝1-3%；选用200D/40F芳纶1414为纬丝；
染整步骤包括水洗除油、定型上三防助剂和蒸呢，其中，三防助剂由包括如下重量份的原料制备而成：氟硅酸钠8-10份、羟基硅油0.5-0.7份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠7-9份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 4-6份、有机硅季铵盐2-4份和水66-70份。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双层面料的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述三防助剂由包括如下重量份的原料制备而成：氟硅酸钠9份、羟基硅油0.6份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠8份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 5份、有机硅季铵盐3份和水68份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层面料的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述三防助剂还含有3-5重量份的柠檬酸钠。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种双层面料的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述三防助剂还含有0.5-1.0重量份的月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层面料的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述染整步骤中，三防助剂添加到水中的质量百分浓度为5-7%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层面料，其特征在于：所述织造步骤如下：
将穿综后的经丝和倒筒后的纬丝进行织造，表层和里层的经纬密度相同，上机经密为120根/英寸，纬密为110根/英寸，通过下接上的方式，即里经与表纬交织，把表层与里层两面连接在一起，表纬与表经、表纬与里经相互交织成面料的表层，里经与里纬相互交织成面料的里层。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层面料的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述蒸呢步骤如下：
在150-160℃下进行蒸汽蒸制8-10min，然后通过5-15℃的风进行抽冷。
8.一种双层面料，其特征在于：所述双层面料由权利要求1-7任意一种双层面料的生产工艺制备而成。
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