CN113914104A - 一种抗菌抗皱棉麻面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种抗菌抗皱棉麻面料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113914104A CN113914104A CN202111245697.5A CN202111245697A CN113914104A CN 113914104 A CN113914104 A CN 113914104A CN 202111245697 A CN202111245697 A CN 202111245697A CN 113914104 A CN113914104 A CN 113914104A
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- antibacterial
- crease
- silicone oil
- cotton
- vinyl silicone
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种抗菌抗皱棉麻面料及其制备方法。本发明通过采用改性乙烯基硅油、银离子和有机胺反应制成的抗菌抗皱整理液进行抗菌抗皱整理工艺，改性乙烯基硅油上丰富的氨基和羧基，与纤维素大分子形成共价交联结构，使得织物不易产生褶皱的特性，另一方面又利用乙烯基硅油结构的高黏性、粘附性和分散性，使得巯基基团和银离子都能够充分均匀地与棉麻纤维进行接触。能够同时对布料进行抗菌和抗皱整理，简化了工艺流程。本发明制备工艺不产生甲醛，具备良好的环保性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及面料技术领域，特别涉及抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料。
背景技术
随着社会的不断发展，人们的消费水平日渐提高，对服装的追求也越来越高，由于棉麻面料具有吸湿吸热、透气等特点，是春秋季服装的首选面料。
针对棉麻面料存在的一些问题，现有技术中提出了多种改进方法：
公开号为CN110656419B的专利文献，通过制备麻纤维、棉纤维、氧化石墨烯改性的蛋白纤维的初混纺面料、浸渍蛋白酶浸渍液、浸渍纳米粒子浸渍液、阻燃整理液处理四个步骤制备得到的棉麻混纺织物面料。改进了棉麻面料的防静电、阻燃、防油的性能。
公开号为CN109602107A的专利文献，基布经抗静电、耐黄变剂整理，配以采用耐黄变三元嵌段共聚亲水改性有机硅乳液浸轧处理，再采用耐黄变PA胶进行双点涂层而成，使棉麻衬料具有手感柔软、滑爽，具有抗静电、耐黄变的效果。
公开号为CN113337933A的专利文献，添加牛奶蛋白纤维增加面料的光泽度和丝滑感，提高了棉麻织物的柔软性和亲肤性。
除了上述文献改进的问题以外，现有技术中的棉麻衬料还存在以下问题有待解决：
1.缩水率大，抗皱差，普通衬布与之匹配洗后易起皱起泡，影响美观。
2.棉麻纤维致密且吸水性强，利于环境中各种常见细菌的吸附滋生和繁殖，抗菌性能有待加强。
3.常规的抗皱抗菌处理过程效率不够高，并且往往都会释放甲醛，残留的甲醛会影响制成布料的环保性。
此外，还有文献利用巯基和烯基硅油的点击化学反应得到改性硅乳液用于织物整理的。CN110485166A报道了一种一种有机硅乳液增深手感整理剂，其是以线性体、十二烷基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、巯丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、N-β-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷为原料，碱性催化剂作用下，得到梳形有机硅硅油，再在三乙醇胺催化剂作用下，分步加入乙烯基硅油反应，最后加入乳化剂得到作为织物整理剂的有机硅乳液。表面覆膜增加漫反射功能的含长链烷烃、巯烃基、氨烃基侧链的梳形有机硅。由于有机硅主链折射率低，并且带有氨烃基，与织物亲和力强，长链烷烃使整理剂成膜后增加织物表面凹凸性能，增加漫反射，能够在纤维表面形成凹凸不平的低折射率膜。通过在有机硅侧链中引入具有反应性的巯烃基，基于巯基-烯点击反应，提高其与端乙烯基硅油的反应性，形成支化有机硅乳液。在织物整理时，通过架构支化结构，提高布面薄膜复杂度，进一步提高产品的增深效果。但是该专利工艺过于复杂，原料价格昂贵，不适合工业化的大规模生产。
CN112646062A报道了一种具有温度响应型织物整理剂的制备方法和应用，其是通过硅氢加成反应或巯基-双键点击化学反应得到单端含反应性官能团温度响应型织物整理剂，使用了端基为双键的温敏单体、巯基硅烷偶联剂作为协同的单体。该专利使用了含Co的催化剂，虽然用量很少，但仍存在一定的安全隐患；此外，该专利同样存在制备过于繁复、成本高昂的缺陷。
此外，上述现有技术中抗褶皱的织物整理剂往往都会对织物的手感有一些不利的影响。
因此，有必要研发一种具备优异抗皱抗菌性能且不会影响织物手感的棉麻衬料。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中棉麻衬料存在容易产生褶皱的缺陷，本发明目的是提供一种制备抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料及其制备方法。
本发明第一个目的是提供一种抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其通过抗菌抗皱整理剂进行处理，其特征在于：所述的抗菌抗皱整理剂包括以下质量份的原料：100份巯基改性的乙烯基硅油，2-5份有机胺，1-3.5份氧化银。
所述的巯基改性的乙烯基硅油，由以下质量份的原料制成：7-10份的乙烯基硅油、2-4份巯基化合物。
巯基-烯基之间通过“点击化学”即可高效完成反应，所用的催化剂为本领域所熟知，比如碱性催化剂，可以举出的例子包括但不限于三乙胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾中的至少一种；催化剂的用量为巯基化合物用量的1-5wt％。
优选地，所述巯基化合物选自巯基乙醇、半胱氨酸、高半胱氨酸谷胱甘肽(CAS:70-18-8)的一种或多种；优选巯基乙醇和谷胱甘肽的混合物。进一步，优选巯基乙醇和谷胱甘肽以质量比1:1-2。以巯基乙醇和谷胱甘肽以上述比例复配作为巯基化合物，可以显著的提高棉麻衬料的抗褶皱性能。谷胱甘肽上有丰富的氨基和羧基活性基团，能够增强织物纤维的韧性和可回复性。所述有机胺优选碳原子数2-4的二元胺，比如乙二胺，丙二胺，丁二胺中的至少一种。
所述乙烯基硅油为端乙烯基硅油和链乙烯基硅油的复配，优选为烯基含量在0.05-0.2％的端乙烯基硅油和烯基含量0.4-0.7％的支链型乙烯基硅油按照质量比14-22:1的复配。发明人预料不到地发现，加入少量的侧链乙烯基硅油，可以显著的改善织物水洗后的抗褶皱性能。
优选的，氧化银的粒径为5-20μm。
进一步地，所述抗菌抗皱整理剂通过包括以下步骤的制备方法得到：
(S1)在乙烯基硅油中，加入、巯基化合物和催化剂，搅拌均匀，将pH值调至8-10，温度保持40-50℃，在惰性气体保护下反应1-2h，得到巯基改性乙烯基硅油溶液。
(S2)在巯基改性乙烯基硅油溶液加入氧化银和有机胺，调节pH至8-10，在50-70℃搅拌充分，静置0.5h，得到所述抗菌抗皱整理剂。
本发明第二个目的是提供上述抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(S1)基布织造：将经纱和纬纱通过喷水织机中经过斜纹织造形成基布。
(S2)抗菌抗皱整理：将上述抗菌抗皱整理剂用去离子水稀释后，将棉麻面料和基布分别浸入上述溶液中，进行二浸二轧处理后，烘干；
所述抗菌抗皱整理剂与去离子水的稀释质量比为1:10-15。
(S3)采用热熔胶双点涂层工艺，将步骤(2)抗菌抗皱整理剂整理后的基布和棉麻布料粘合，烘干，得到所述抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料。
所述步骤(1)中，经纱和纬纱为涤纶低弹丝，优选为经纱和纬纱均为30D/24F涤纶低弹丝。
所述步骤(3)中：双点涂层工艺包括浆点涂层和撒粉涂层。基布先通过浆点涂层，再经过撒粉涂层。底胶层采用聚氨酯热熔胶，面胶层采用聚酰胺热熔胶；其中的圆网目数优选CP130。
所述步骤(4)中：烘干的方式为热风烘干和/或远红外加热烘干。
进一步，本发明的目的还包括提供一种抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其采用上述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料的制备方法制成。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明中创新的采用改性乙烯基硅油、银离子和有机胺反应制成的抗菌抗皱整理液进行抗菌抗皱整理工艺，一方面利用改性乙烯基硅油上丰富的氨基和羧基，与纤维素大分子形成共价交联结构，使得织物不易产生褶皱的特性，而且经过多次水洗后，抗褶皱性能没有明显下降，同时不会影响织物具有柔软顺滑的手感；本发明另一方面利用端基和侧链乙烯基硅油复配的结构，使得和银离子都能够充分均匀的与棉麻纤维接触。同时，加入的有机胺在碱性环境下，能起到对银离子的保护作用，提高其抗菌抗皱性能。该体系能够同时对布料进行抗菌和抗皱整理，简化了工艺流程。经过测试，该工艺得到的棉麻布料能够同时具备优异的抗菌和抗皱性能。另外，整个加工工艺不产生甲醛，具备良好的环保性。
具体实施方式
下面将具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
本发明使用的端乙烯基硅油，乙烯基含量为0.1％；侧链乙烯基硅油乙烯基含量0.6％。
实施例1
制备抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料：
(1)基布织造：将经纱(30D/24F涤纶低弹丝)和纬纱(30D/24F涤纶低弹丝)通过喷水织机中经过斜纹织造形成基布。
(2)抗菌抗皱整理剂的制备：
在10g端乙烯基硅油中加入、2g巯基乙醇，2g谷胱甘肽,搅拌均匀，将pH值调至8,温度保持30℃，在惰性气体保护下反应1-2h,得到巯基改性乙烯基硅油溶液。
取100g巯基改性乙烯基硅油溶液加入5g氧化银和3.5g乙二胺，调节温度至50℃，搅拌充分，静置0.5h，得到所述抗菌抗皱整理剂。
(3)抗菌抗皱整理：步骤(2)制备的抗菌抗皱整理剂用15倍质量的去离子水稀释后，将棉麻面料和基布分别浸入上述溶液中，进行二浸二轧处理后，烘干；
(4)采用热熔胶双点涂层工艺，将步骤(3)处理后的基布和棉麻布料粘合；双点涂层的工艺如下：选用计算机无规则布点的浆点涂层圆网，胶点密度范围在15-200点/平方厘米，涂层量在8-12g/平方米。
(5)热风烘干，得到所述抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料。
实施例2
其他条件和操作和实施例1相同，区别在于谷胱甘肽的用量改为1g。
实施例3
其他条件和操作和实施例1相同，区别在于谷胱甘肽的用量改为0.7g。
实施例4
其他条件和操作和实施例1相同，区别在于谷胱甘肽的用量改为3g。
实施例5
其他条件和操作和实施例1相同，区别在于谷胱甘肽替换为等质量的半胱氨酸。
实施例6
其他条件和操作和实施例1相同，区别在于巯基化合物为4g巯基乙醇。
实施例7
其他条件和操作和实施例1相同，区别在于巯基化合物为4g谷胱甘肽。
实施例8
其他条件和操作和实施例1相同，区别在于端乙烯基硅油替换为等质量的端乙烯基硅油和侧链乙烯基硅油按照质量比14:1的混合硅油。
实施例9
其他条件和操作和实施例1相同，区别在于端乙烯基硅油替换为等质量的端乙烯基硅油和侧链乙烯基硅油按照质量比22:1的混合硅油。
对比例1
(1)基布织造：将经纱和纬纱通过经编机中经过斜纹织造形成基布。
(2)抗菌抗皱整理剂的制备：
取100g二甲基硅油溶液加入5g氧化银和3.5g乙二胺，调节温度至50℃，搅拌充分，静置0.5h，得到所述抗菌抗皱整理剂。
(3)抗菌抗皱整理：步骤(2)制备的抗菌抗皱整理剂用15倍质量的去离子水稀释后，将棉麻面料和基布分别浸入上述溶液中，进行二浸二轧处理后，烘干；
(4)采用热熔胶双点涂层工艺，将步骤(3)处理后的基布和棉麻布料粘合；
(5)烘干，得到所述抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料。
性能测试与评价
1.抗皱性和手感测试
根据国家标准GB/T 3819-1997《纺织品织物折痕回复性的测定回复角法》和GB/T3923.1-2013《纺织品织物拉伸性能第1部分：断裂强力和断裂伸长率的测定(条样法)》，对实施例1-9以及对比例1的棉麻衬料进行测试，通过比较原样和整理样的折皱回复角，从而评定抗皱效果。试验采用克重为220g/m2的斜纹棉麻衬料进行抗皱整理。
手感(柔软性)评价：用手触摸法评价，将原布手感定为5分，手感评定分最高为10分，最低为0分，五人同时评价，取平均分。
具体测试结果如下：
表1 抗皱性能测试结果
2.抗菌性测试
各实施例和对比例的抗菌率测试参考GB/T20944.3-2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分:振荡法》进行，测试其对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑制率。
表2 抗菌性能测试结果
| 抗菌率 | |
| 实施例1 | 99.63％ |
| 实施例2 | 99.21％ |
| 实施例3 | 99.37％ |
| 实施例4 | 98.53％ |
| 实施例5 | 99.13％ |
| 实施例6 | 98.75％ |
| 实施例7 | 98.79％ |
| 实施例8 | 99.13％ |
| 对比例1 | 96.94％ |
综合抗皱测试和抗菌测试可以看出，采用本发明所述方法制备的改性乙烯基硅油、配以银离子和有机胺反应制成的抗菌抗皱整理液，同时进行抗菌和抗皱整理工艺，得到的棉麻布料能够同时具备优异的抗菌和抗皱性能，抗褶皱性能并没有因为水洗而丧失，同时还兼具优异的手感。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其通过抗菌抗皱整理剂进行处理，其特征在于：所述的抗菌抗皱整理剂包括以下质量份的原料：100份巯基改性的乙烯基硅油，2-5份有机胺，1-3.5份氧化银。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其特征在于，所述巯基改性的乙烯基硅油，由以下质量份的原料制成：7-10份的乙烯基硅油、2-4份巯基化合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其特征在于，所述巯基化合物选自巯基乙醇、半胱氨酸、高半胱氨酸谷胱甘肽(CAS:70-18-8)的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其特征在于，所述巯基化合物为巯基乙醇和谷胱甘肽的混合物。
5.根据权利要求43所述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其特征在于，优选地，巯基乙醇和谷胱甘肽以质量比为1:1-2。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其特征在于，所述有机胺为碳原子数2-4的二元胺，优选乙二胺，丙二胺，丁二胺中的至少一种；氧化银的粒径为5-20μm。
7.根据权利要求2所述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其特征在于，所述乙烯基硅油为端乙烯基硅油和链乙烯基硅油的复配。
8.根据权利要求7所述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其特征在于，所述乙烯基硅油为烯基含量在0.05-0.2％的端乙烯基硅油和烯基含量0.4-0.7％的支链型乙烯基硅油按照质量比14-22:1的复配。
9.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料，其特征在于，所述抗菌抗皱整理剂通过包括以下步骤的制备方法得到：
(S1)在乙烯基硅油中，加入、巯基化合物和催化剂，搅拌均匀，将pH值调至8-10，温度保持40-50℃，在惰性气体保护下反应1-2h，得到巯基改性乙烯基硅油溶液；
(S2)在巯基改性乙烯基硅油溶液加入氧化银和有机胺，调节pH至8-10，在50-70℃搅拌充分，静置0.5h，得到所述抗菌抗皱整理剂。
10.权利要求1-9任一项所述抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(S1)基布织造：将经纱和纬纱通过喷水织机中经过斜纹织造形成基布；
(S2)抗菌抗皱整理：将上述抗菌抗皱整理剂用去离子水稀释后，将棉麻面料和基布分别浸入上述溶液中，进行二浸二轧处理后，烘干；
所述抗菌抗皱整理剂与去离子水的稀释质量比为1:10-15；
(S3)采用热熔胶双点涂层工艺，将步骤(2)抗菌抗皱整理剂整理后的基布和棉麻布料粘合，得到所述抗菌抗皱棉麻衬料。
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| CN115538195B (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-11-03 | 浙江越新印染有限公司 | 一种固色整理方法及其在纯棉印染中的应用 |
| CN117229704A (zh) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 上海福岛新材料科技有限公司 | 一种超疏水耐腐蚀的双组份水性漆 |
| CN117229704B (zh) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-01-23 | 上海福岛新材料科技有限公司 | 一种超疏水耐腐蚀的双组份水性漆 |
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