CN107385544A - 一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料 - Google Patents

一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料 Download PDF

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CN107385544A
CN107385544A CN201710486928.9A CN201710486928A CN107385544A CN 107385544 A CN107385544 A CN 107385544A CN 201710486928 A CN201710486928 A CN 201710486928A CN 107385544 A CN107385544 A CN 107385544A
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flame
protective garment
resistant terylene
polyester fiber
fabric
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应杰
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Ningbo High Tech Zone Dosulin Industrial Technology Co Ltd
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Ningbo High Tech Zone Dosulin Industrial Technology Co Ltd
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    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
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    • D01F8/16—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
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    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，该面料是由经聚苯硫醚改性制备的阻燃涤纶纤维与芳纶纤维、玄武岩纤维和聚苯硫醚纤维并捻后织布，再用柔软剂整理、烘干所制得。有益效果为：本发明阻燃涤纶防护服面料具有优良的阻燃性，各种纤维之间优势互补，提高混纺产品的阻燃性和抗熔滴性，燃烧时不缩不产生熔滴，是一种性价比较为优秀的混纺基布；未添加对人体有害的化学物质，加工过程对环境影响小，对人体无伤害，柔软度高，手感光滑；阻燃性能稳定，持久性强，是增加产品多样性的一种有效途径，是完善产品性能、拓展其使用范围的重要方法，具有很大的商业价值。

Description

一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料
技术领域
本发明涉及服装加工技术领域，尤其是涉及一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料。
背景技术
许多火灾的发生都是由于纺织品引起的，因为我们日常生活中使用的纺织品大多数都是易燃或可燃的，纤维在高温条件下受热分解，产生可燃气体，可燃气体再与氧气发生化学反应，继续放热，产生的热量又会促进此过程的循环发生，直到纤维完全分解，这样，如果救火不及时，就会造成火势蔓延，小范围的火势蔓延尚可采取一定的消防措施，但在火势凶猛的情况下，人很可能无法及时脱离火灾现场，这样必然会给人们的人身及财产安全带来极大的损失，可见具备阻燃功能的纺织品对我们生活的重要性。阻燃纺织品用途广泛，不仅仅可以用于产业及军工，如消防服，飞机，热加工行业的工作服，车船的篷盖布，矿山的传送带及交通工具的座椅内饰等；还可以用于家纺，如公共场所及个人家庭使用的家居，床单，地毯，沙发以及宾馆及剧院内的幕布，窗帘等；当然也可以用于各种服装和睡衣。
目前，国内外已经对平时穿着较舒适的天然纤维以及化纤做了改性处理，使其具有阻燃性，其中，比较典型的几种阻燃纤维分别是阻燃涤纶，阻燃腈纶，阻燃丙纶，阻燃锦纶以及阻燃黏胶纤维。而这种纤维具有较高的断裂强度和弹性模量，回弹性适中，耐光、耐热、耐腐蚀性等优良特性，其织物具有优异的可穿性、挺括性、抗褶皱性，因此从涤纶纤维问世后其便获得了快速发展，现今已经成为世界上产量最大的合成纤维。为了让纤维具有更大的附加价值，涤纶的阻燃改性处理显得尤为重要。但是纤维的功能性整理将改变纤维的物理性能，而纤维的物理力学性能又直接影响着面料的舒适性，当阻燃剂或阻燃颗粒在织物中的纤维和纱线间的存在时，就会影响到织物的柔软性、硬挺度、活络感、压缩回弹性、拉伸变形回复率和剪切变刚度等。所以，要寻求一种途径既实现纺织品的阻燃性，又不影响其舒适性。
现有技术如授权公告号为CN 104047091 B的中国发明专利，公开了阻燃防腐涤纶针织面料，该面料的经线由三根15支阻燃涤纶纤维并线形成，纬线由两根30支阻燃涤纶纤维并线形成；在含有45-50％复合整理剂的浸渍液中于50-55℃浸渍7-8小时，取出后在125-130℃恒温6-8小时。该面料手感舒适，具有优良的阻燃和防腐性能，但该面料用的化学试剂较多，对人体有一定的伤害，且阻燃持久性不够。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃效果好、持久性强，柔软度高，对人体无害的阻燃涤纶防护服面料。
本发明针对上述技术中提到的问题，采取的技术方案为：一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，包括阻燃涤纶纤维制备、基布制备、柔软整理、烘干处理，具体操作步骤为：
阻燃涤纶纤维制备：将对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚苯硫醚采用双螺杆挤出机进行熔融共混造粒，聚苯硫醚的添加量为对苯二甲酸乙二酯的重量5~10%，制备得到阻燃聚酯切片，在75~85℃真空干燥预结晶10~15h，然后再在110~120℃条件下结晶22~26h，再熔融纺丝，经环吹风冷却，上油，第一次牵伸，第二次牵伸，卷绕成形得阻燃涤纶纤维，环吹风冷却温度为60~80℃，第一牵伸温度为165~185℃，牵伸倍数为1.5~2.0倍，第二次牵伸温度为130~150℃，牵伸倍数为3.0~4.0倍，聚苯硫醚是一种线型高分子量结晶性高聚物，有优异的耐化学腐蚀性、阻燃性、耐辐射性和良好的机械性能，聚苯硫醚的加入使得涤纶纤维具有一定的阻燃性；
基布制备：以阻燃涤纶纤维作为面料织造的原材料，将涤纶纤维与阻燃纤维并捻制得阻燃纱，涤纶纤维与阻燃纤维质量比为1:0.3~0.5，阻燃纤维为芳纶纤维、玄武岩纤维和聚苯硫醚纤维，其质量比为1:0.5~2:1~2，将阻燃纱放入针织编织机，经电脑编织和设定的程式织造基布，经热水处理后再用冷水洗，烫斗熨平，备用，该基布具有优良的阻燃性，各种纤维之间优势互补，提高混纺产品的阻燃性和抗熔滴性，极限氧指数达32%以上，燃烧时不缩不产生熔滴且会形成坚韧的焦炭层，从而形成有效的支架保护防止熔滴滴，且致密焦炭层有效隔绝氧气阻止燃烧继续，是一种性价比较为优秀的混纺基布；
柔软整理：将基布放入质量浓度30~50%的柔软整理液中浸轧15~20分钟，整理液含有丙烯酸酯粘合剂、三元共聚硅油、活性多肽，其含量分别为18～25g/L、30～35g/L、0.0005～0.0008g/L，活性多肽的氨基酸序列为HSHACASYSRYYSVCGSHRGRCYCRCLRCRVLHPGKLCVCVNCSR，其分子的结构分为两部分，一端是具有亲水性的亲水基团，另一端是具有疏水性的疏水基团，属于两亲结构，能保证整理液体系是均一稳定的体系，而三元共聚硅油是采用硅氧烷、多胺、聚醚聚合而成的高分子平滑型柔软剂，拥有全新的改性有机硅化学结构，具有多活性官能团，使用后能赋于基布卓越的平滑、柔软弹性手感；
烘干处理：将基布在90~100℃干燥4~8分钟，再在150~160℃烘焙2~5分钟，冷却得即得阻燃涤纶防护服面料，该面料阻燃效果好、持久性强，柔软度高，对人体无害，具有较好的耐化学腐蚀性、耐辐射性、耐候性，在大气中不易老化，且断裂、撕破力强。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：1）本发明阻燃涤纶防护服面料具有优良的阻燃性，各种纤维之间优势互补，提高混纺产品的阻燃性和抗熔滴性，燃烧时不缩不产生熔滴，是一种性价比较为优秀的混纺基布；2）未添加对人体有害的化学物质，加工过程对环境影响小，穿着时对人体无伤害，柔软度高，手感光滑，舒服度未受到影响，是一种适用性广的防护服面料；3）阻燃性能稳定，持久性强，满足阻燃的需求，提高了面料档次、增加附加值，是增加产品多样性的一种有效途径，是完善产品性能、拓展其使用范围的重要方法，具有很大的商业价值。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明方案作进一步说明：
实施例1 ：
一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，包括阻燃涤纶纤维制备、基布制备、柔软整理、烘干处理，具体操作步骤为：
1）阻燃涤纶纤维制备：将对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚苯硫醚采用双螺杆挤出机进行熔融共混造粒，聚苯硫醚的添加量为对苯二甲酸乙二酯的重量8%，制备得到阻燃聚酯切片，在80℃真空干燥预结晶12h，然后再在115℃条件下结晶24h，再熔融纺丝，经环吹风冷却，上油，第一次牵伸，第二次牵伸，卷绕成形得阻燃涤纶纤维，环吹风冷却温度为70℃，第一牵伸温度为170℃，牵伸倍数为1.8倍，第二次牵伸温度为140℃，牵伸倍数为3.0倍，聚苯硫醚是一种线型高分子量结晶性高聚物，有优异的耐化学腐蚀性、阻燃性、耐辐射性和良好的机械性能，聚苯硫醚的加入使得涤纶纤维具有一定的阻燃性；
2）基布制备：以阻燃涤纶纤维作为面料织造的原材料，将涤纶纤维与阻燃纤维并捻制得阻燃纱，涤纶纤维与阻燃纤维质量比为1:0.3，阻燃纤维为芳纶纤维、玄武岩纤维和聚苯硫醚纤维，其质量比为1:1:2，将阻燃纱放入针织编织机，经电脑编织和设定的程式织造基布，经热水处理后再用冷水洗，烫斗熨平，备用，该基布具有优良的阻燃性，各种纤维之间优势互补，提高混纺产品的阻燃性和抗熔滴性，极限氧指数达32%以上，燃烧时不缩不产生熔滴且会形成坚韧的焦炭层，从而形成有效的支架保护防止熔滴滴，且致密焦炭层有效隔绝氧气阻止燃烧继续，是一种性价比较为优秀的混纺基布；
3）柔软整理：将基布放入质量浓度38%的柔软整理液中浸轧20分钟，整理液含有丙烯酸酯粘合剂、三元共聚硅油、活性多肽，其含量分别为21g/L、32g/L、0.0006g/L，活性多肽的氨基酸序列为HSHACASYSRYYSVCGSHRGRCYCRCLRCRVLHPGKLCVCVNCSR，其分子的结构分为两部分，一端是具有亲水性的亲水基团，另一端是具有疏水性的疏水基团，属于两亲结构，能保证整理液体系是均一稳定的体系，而三元共聚硅油是采用硅氧烷、多胺、聚醚聚合而成的高分子平滑型柔软剂，拥有全新的改性有机硅化学结构，具有多活性官能团，使用后能赋于基布卓越的平滑、柔软弹性手感；
4）烘干处理：将基布在100℃干燥4分钟，再在155℃烘焙3分钟，冷却得即得阻燃涤纶防护服面料，该面料阻燃效果好、持久性强，柔软度高，对人体无害，具有较好的耐化学腐蚀性、耐辐射性、耐候性，在大气中不易老化，且断裂、撕破力强。
实施例2：
一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，包括阻燃涤纶纤维制备、基布制备、柔软整理、烘干处理，具体操作步骤为：
1）阻燃涤纶纤维制备：将对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚苯硫醚采用双螺杆挤出机进行熔融共混造粒，聚苯硫醚的添加量为对苯二甲酸乙二酯的重量8%，制备得到阻燃聚酯切片，在80℃真空干燥预结晶13h，然后再在115℃条件下结晶24h，再熔融纺丝，经环吹风冷却，上油，第一次牵伸，第二次牵伸，卷绕成形得阻燃涤纶纤维，环吹风冷却温度为70℃，第一牵伸温度为180℃，牵伸倍数为1.6倍，第二次牵伸温度为130℃，牵伸倍数为3.5倍，聚苯硫醚是一种线型高分子量结晶性高聚物，有优异的耐化学腐蚀性、阻燃性、耐辐射性和良好的机械性能，聚苯硫醚的加入使得涤纶纤维具有一定的阻燃性；
2）基布制备：以阻燃涤纶纤维作为面料织造的原材料，将涤纶纤维与阻燃纤维并捻制得阻燃纱，涤纶纤维与阻燃纤维质量比为1: 0.5，阻燃纤维为芳纶纤维、玄武岩纤维和聚苯硫醚纤维，其质量比为1:0.6:1.5，将阻燃纱放入针织编织机，经电脑编织和设定的程式织造基布，经热水处理后再用冷水洗，烫斗熨平，备用，该基布具有优良的阻燃性，各种纤维之间优势互补，提高混纺产品的阻燃性和抗熔滴性，极限氧指数达32%以上，燃烧时不缩不产生熔滴且会形成坚韧的焦炭层，从而形成有效的支架保护防止熔滴滴，且致密焦炭层有效隔绝氧气阻止燃烧继续，是一种性价比较为优秀的混纺基布；
3）柔软整理：将基布放入质量浓度45%的柔软整理液中浸轧18分钟，整理液含有丙烯酸酯粘合剂、三元共聚硅油、活性多肽，其含量分别为20g/L、32g/L、0.0005g/L，活性多肽的氨基酸序列为HSHACASYSRYYSVCGSHRGRCYCRCLRCRVLHPGKLCVCVNCSR，其分子的结构分为两部分，一端是具有亲水性的亲水基团，另一端是具有疏水性的疏水基团，属于两亲结构，能保证整理液体系是均一稳定的体系，而三元共聚硅油是采用硅氧烷、多胺、聚醚聚合而成的高分子平滑型柔软剂，拥有全新的改性有机硅化学结构，具有多活性官能团，使用后能赋于基布卓越的平滑、柔软弹性手感；
4）烘干处理：将基布在95℃干燥6分钟，再在160℃烘焙3分钟，冷却得即得阻燃涤纶防护服面料，该面料阻燃效果好、持久性强，柔软度高，对人体无害，具有较好的耐化学腐蚀性、耐辐射性、耐候性，在大气中不易老化，且断裂、撕破力强。
实施例3：
燃烧性能测试：
选择发明实施例1、对比例和空白进行自清洁测试和耐洗度测试，其中，对比例1：重复实施例中的阻燃涤纶防护服面料的制备过程，其中，采用未加聚苯硫醚的涤纶纤维，其余条件均不变；对比例2：重复实施例中的阻燃涤纶防护服面料的制备过程，其中，基布制备时不加阻燃纤维，其余条件均不变；空白是未处理的涤纶纤维面料。
燃烧性能测试：分别称取重量1.0g，0.5g 纱线制取极限氧指数LOI 测试与纱线垂直燃烧实验所需试样。采用垂直燃烧实验测试试样损毁长度、接焰次数、燃烧过程产生熔滴滴落数目，并用测定极限氧指数，判断纱线燃烧的难易程度，记录结果如下表所示。由表中数据可知，本发明实施例1的阻燃涤纶防护服面料阻燃效果好，表明聚苯硫醚的加入和阻燃纤维的共纺均对提高面料的阻燃性能有较大的促进作用，且两者共同作用，效果更佳。
表1：燃烧性能测试结果
本发明的操作步骤中的常规操作为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不进行赘述。
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明，应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充或类似方式替代等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
SEQUENCE LISTING
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Claims (10)

1.一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，包括阻燃涤纶纤维制备、基布制备、柔软整理、烘干处理，其特征在于：所述的柔软整理步骤为：将基布放入质量浓度30~50%的柔软整理液中浸轧15~20分钟。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，其特征在于：所述的柔软整理步骤中整理液含有丙烯酸酯粘合剂、三元共聚硅油、活性多肽，其含量分别为18～25g/L、30～35g/L、0.0005～0.0008g/L。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，其特征在于：所述的柔软整理步骤中活性多肽的氨基酸序列为HSHACASYSRYYSVCGSHRGRCYCRCLRCRVLHPGKLCVCVNCSR。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，其特征在于：所述的阻燃涤纶纤维制备步骤为：将对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚苯硫醚共混造粒后干燥、纺丝，经环吹风冷却，上油，第一次牵伸，第二次牵伸，卷绕成形得阻燃涤纶纤维。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，其特征在于：所述的阻燃涤纶纤维制备步骤中聚苯硫醚的添加量为对苯二甲酸乙二酯的重量5~10%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，其特征在于：所述的阻燃涤纶纤维制备步骤中干燥条件为在75~85℃真空干燥预结晶10~15h，然后在110~120℃条件下结晶22~26h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，其特征在于：所述的阻燃涤纶纤维制备步骤中环吹风冷却温度为60~80℃，第一牵伸温度为165~185℃，牵伸倍数为1.5~2.0倍，第二次牵伸温度为130~150℃，牵伸倍数为3.0~4.0倍。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，其特征在于：所述的基布制备步骤为：以阻燃涤纶纤维作为面料织造的原材料，将涤纶纤维与阻燃纤维并捻制得阻燃纱，涤纶纤维与阻燃纤维质量比为1:0.3~0.5，将阻燃纱放入针织编织机，经电脑编织和设定的程式织造基布，经热水处理后再用冷水洗，烫斗熨平，备用。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，其特征在于：所述的基布制备步骤中阻燃纤维为芳纶纤维、玄武岩纤维和聚苯硫醚纤维，其质量比为1:0.5~2:1~2。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃涤纶防护服面料，其特征在于：所述的烘干处理为：将基布在90~100℃干燥4~8分钟，再在150~160℃烘焙2~5分钟，冷却得即得阻燃涤纶防护服面料。
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