CN113896604A - Selenium-rich planting accelerant and preparation method and device thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-rich planting accelerant and preparation method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113896604A CN113896604A CN202111381510.4A CN202111381510A CN113896604A CN 113896604 A CN113896604 A CN 113896604A CN 202111381510 A CN202111381510 A CN 202111381510A CN 113896604 A CN113896604 A CN 113896604A
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- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- UWZXJRBXKTZILP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;selenite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Se]([O-])=O UWZXJRBXKTZILP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Se]=O JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 calcium selenite selenium Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 description 8
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L selenite(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Se]([O-])=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000018927 edible plant Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000018716 Impatiens biflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015912 Impatiens biflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010039921 Selenium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940000207 selenious acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenous acid Chemical compound O[Se](O)=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B19/00—Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
- C01B19/008—Salts of oxyacids of selenium or tellurium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
Abstract
The invention relates to a selenium-rich planting accelerant and a preparation method and a device thereof, which are characterized in that: selenium dioxide enters a reaction kettle filled with a calcium hydroxide solution or suspension liquid through a pipeline, calcium selenite is generated after full stirring reaction, the calcium selenite is settled to the bottom of the kettle after the concentration of the calcium selenite is increased, and the calcium selenite enters a mixer through a discharge hole positioned at the bottom of the kettle; and uniformly mixing the calcium selenite paste and the filler by a mixer to obtain the calcium selenite selenium-rich planting accelerator. The method is characterized in that the selenium-rich planting accelerant product is produced by an innovative device and a continuous production method at low cost and high efficiency, and is convenient for farmers, herdsmen and forestry workers to master and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new materials, and particularly relates to a selenium-rich planting accelerant, in particular to a calcium selenite selenium-rich planting accelerant, which is used for planting fungi, traditional Chinese medicinal materials, grains, vegetables, edible vegetable oil, tea leaves, tobacco leaves, fruit trees, feeds and the like, and relates to a product, a preparation method and equipment.
Background
Selenium is one million in human tissues, but the selenium determines the existence of life and plays a great role in human health. The lack of selenium in human body directly results in the reduction of immunity, and more than forty diseases threatening human health and life can occur. 72% of China's soil belongs to selenium-deficient areas, the selenium content of natural foods such as grains is low, selenium-rich agricultural products can only be planted in the selenium-rich soil, the conditions for producing selenium-rich paddy (rice) are more severe, and extremely dilute selenium solution must be sprayed on the surfaces of seedlings before heading.
In order to solve the problem of selenium deficiency of crops, the main inventor of the patent, Tang-plan professor, invented a method for planting selenium-rich crops, and obtained the grant of the patent of the invention, the patent numbers are: CN201810873343, comprising the following steps: (1) mixing selenious acid solution with alkaline earth metal hydroxide solution or suspension for reaction, or mixing alkaline earth metal selenite powder with water to generate alkaline earth metal selenite suspension or sol; (2) uniformly spraying suspension or sol of alkaline earth selenite on the surface of the land without water coverage, then plowing and raking the land, and planting selenium-rich crops. The invention has the substantive characteristics and great innovation that water-insoluble selenite is adopted to supplement selenium for the selenium-poor soil at one time, so that the selenium is stored in the soil for a long time; the selenium-rich agricultural products can be permanently produced under the condition that excrement of plants, people eating the selenium-rich agricultural products, livestock and poultry returns to the cultivated land to form selenium circulation. Because the method only aims at the planting field of crops to improve the selenium-rich soil, common farmers are difficult to master the operation process and are inconvenient to popularize widely. On the other hand, the method does not relate to other application fields needing selenium enrichment improvement, such as planting of fungi, traditional Chinese medicinal materials, edible plant oil trees, tea leaves, tobacco leaves, fruit trees, feed fungi, traditional Chinese medicinal materials, edible plant oil, tea leaves, tobacco leaves, fruit trees and feed (containing feed production additives). Therefore, the selenite selenium-rich promoter is produced by applying the selenite selenium-rich promoter to selenium-deficient soil, so that selenium-rich food, feed, fungus culture medium plants and the like can be permanently or permanently produced for a long time, and the selenite selenium-rich promoter has great practical significance and broad industrialization prospect.
CN108083874A discloses selenium-enriched soil fertility repair materials processingequipment of environmental protection and preparation method, including fermentation cylinder, drying chamber, teeter chamber, grinding chamber and suppression room, fermentation cylinder, drying chamber, teeter chamber, grinding chamber and suppression room are in the same place from right side to left side fixed connection in proper order, fermentation cylinder, drying chamber, teeter chamber, grinding chamber and suppression room are fixed in the inside of organism, be connected with the feeder hopper No. one between drying chamber and the teeter chamber through the siphunculus, be fixed with the governing valve No. one on the siphunculus of feeder hopper below, be connected with the feeder hopper No. two through the siphunculus between teeter chamber and the grinding chamber, be fixed with the governing valve No. two on the siphunculus of feeder hopper below, install the control panel on the top of suppression room, the surface position of organism. The preparation device system is complex, and the production cost of the soil remediation material is high.
CN109988039A discloses a selenium-rich soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the selenium-rich soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.6-7.2 parts of shell powder, 2.1-3.3 parts of potassium humate, 1.3-2.7 parts of yeast selenium, 6-8.8 parts of urea, 5.2-8.9 parts of compound amino acid, 12-15.7 parts of straw, 2.4-4.1 parts of compound strain, 4.5-6.6 parts of zinc sulfate, 7.5-9.6 parts of bean curd residue and 3.4-5.6 parts of impatiens balsamina. Although the finished product prepared by the method can be used for various crops such as rice, wheat, tea, fruits, vegetables, medicinal materials and the like, the selenium yeast is expensive, and the cost of other raw materials is not low, so that the selenium yeast is difficult to popularize in a large area.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mass production technical scheme of the selenium-rich planting accelerant which has wide application range, low cost, convenient application and safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention adopts the same technical principle as CN 201810873343. In consideration of cost, safety and low toxicity, the alkaline earth metal hydroxide adopts calcium hydroxide, and the produced selenite is the selenium source of calcium selenite as a planting promoter.
The invention has the remarkable advantages that: through an innovative preparation device and a continuous production method, the selenium-rich planting accelerant product with wide application is produced with low cost and high efficiency, and is convenient for farmers, herdsmen and forestry workers to master and use.
Aiming at different use conditions, different selenium-rich planting promoters are developed through calcium selenite and fillers with different proportions and types, so that the selenium-rich planting promoters can be conveniently used in the aspects of fungi, traditional Chinese medicinal materials, grains, vegetables, edible vegetable oil, tea leaves, tobacco leaves, fruit trees, feed planting, fungus culture medium plants and the like. After the selenium-rich planting accelerant is used, a selenium-rich product can be obtained, the product value is improved, and the yield can also be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
gaseous or powdery selenium dioxide enters a reaction kettle filled with a calcium hydroxide solution or suspension liquid through a pipeline, calcium selenite is generated after full stirring reaction, the calcium selenite is settled to the bottom of the kettle after the concentration of the calcium selenite is increased, and the calcium selenite enters a mixer through a discharge hole positioned at the bottom of the kettle; and uniformly mixing the calcium selenite paste and the filler by using a mixer to obtain the calcium selenite selenium-rich planting accelerator, and packaging to obtain the product. The filler can be inorganic matter, or organic matter, or the mixture of organic matter and inorganic matter; the organic matters mainly comprise sawdust, bamboo chips, grass meal, burnt ash, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and the like, and the inorganic matters mainly comprise soil, stone powder, fly ash, metallurgical slag, mineral slag, chemical fertilizer and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation device of the selenium-rich planting accelerant.
In the figure:
1-furnace body 2-furnace pipe 3-smelting furnace 4-furnace cover 5-feeding device
6-gas device 7-flow mixer 8-air return pipe 9-gas pipe 10-slag discharging device
11-air return chamber 12-slurry feeding port 13-kettle body 14-stirring device 15-discharging device
16-filler feed inlet 17-mixer 18-accelerator outlet
Detailed Description
The device for preparing the selenium-rich planting accelerant is shown in the attached drawing and comprises a gas device 6, a feeding device 5, a metallurgical furnace, a slag discharging device 10, a reaction kettle, a mixer 17, a packaging machine and the like. The gas device 6 is used for providing an oxygen source for converting selenium into selenium dioxide gas and consists of an air compressor, a gas storage tank, an oxygen generator (preferred), a gas pipe and the like; the gas enters the metallurgical furnace after passing through the flow mixer 7. The feeding device 5 is used for supplying selenium raw materials (selenium, coarse selenium particles or powder) into the metallurgical furnace (feeding from a feeding hole above the metallurgical furnace), and is generally a continuous feeding device with a material seal, and can be a belt conveyor, a vibrating feeder, a vibrating hopper, a disk feeder and the like. The metallurgical furnace is used for generating selenium dioxide gas and mainly comprises a furnace body 1, a furnace pipe 2, a smelting furnace 3, a furnace cover 4, a feeding hole, an air inlet, a mixer 7, a gas conveying pipe 9, a slag discharging hole and the like. The slag discharging device 10 (arranged below the slag discharging port) is used for discharging metallurgical slag, and the continuous discharging device with the material sealing function can be a double-acting flap valve, a star discharging machine, a belt conveyor, a vibrating feeder and the like. The reaction kettle is used for reacting selenium dioxide gas with calcium hydroxide aqueous solution to generate calcium selenite, and comprises a slurry feeding hole 12, a kettle body 13, a stirring device 14, a discharging device 15, an air return chamber 11, an air return pipe 8 and the like; the slurry feed port 12 feeds the calcium hydroxide solution into the reaction kettle, and the number of the slurry feed ports can be 1, or the slurry feed ports can be composed of a powder feed port (for feeding calcium oxide powder) and a water inlet. The mixer 17 is used for uniformly adding a certain proportion of filler into the calcium selenite paste to dilute the calcium selenite content and reduce the water content, so that the proportion of the calcium selenite paste is convenient to master during packaging and use. The packaging machine is used for preparing the selenium-rich planting accelerant into commodities, and is convenient to sell and transport.
Because of no corresponding national standard, referring to local standard DB41/T1871-2019 selenium-enriched soil requirement of Henan province, the minimum requirements of the selenium content in three different soils are respectively as follows: 0.30 mg/kg, 0.32 mg/kg and 0.35mg/kg, respectively at 0.64 mg/kg, 0.68 mg/kg and 0.74 mg/kg, respectively, in terms of calcium selenite. According to the standard, taking the example of adding selenium to 0.74 mg/kg in soil, the selenium-rich thickness of the soil is 0.2 m, the soil density is 2.65, and the mass of calcium selenite added per mu is 666.7 × 0.2 × 2.65 × 0.74=261.5 g. The small addition amount can not increase the mass without diluting the additive, and the additive is difficult to be uniformly added into the soil, and the additive is added by times or tens of times to facilitate the field operation.
The working process is further explained in the following with the attached drawings.
The gas device 6 feeds oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, air with a certain pressure (generally 0.11-0.25 MPa) into the metallurgical furnace through pipes from an inlet port located on the furnace lid of the metallurgical furnace, preferably oxygen in view of productivity and reduction of energy consumption. The feeding device 5 feeds selenium-containing raw material (selenium, coarse selenium particles or powder) into the melting furnace 3 of the metallurgical furnace continuously or intermittently through a feeding port. The furnace body 1 of the metallurgical furnace is heated by electricity or other heat sources, so that the temperature in the furnace 3 reaches the selenium melting temperature (the melting point of selenium is 221 ℃) or the vaporization temperature (the boiling point of selenium is 684.9 ℃), generally 225-; the selenium material forms slag after the selenium is oxidized and volatilized, and the slag is discharged through a slag discharge port positioned below the furnace pipe and enters the slag discharge device 10. Aforesaid selenium dioxide gas or the mist that contains gaseous state selenium dioxide gets into stove courage 2 from 3 lower parts of smelting pot, get into the reation kettle bottom through the gas-supply pipe 9 on stove courage 2 upper portions, the reation kettle is equipped with calcium hydroxide solution or suspension in, this gas is under the stirring of buoyancy effect and mixer, it slowly rises to form the micro bubble, it reacts with calcium hydroxide to dissolve in water in the rising in-process, generate calcium selenite, calcium hydroxide and selenium dioxide constantly get into in the cauldron, make chemical reaction continuously go on, the concentration grow of calcium selenite, settle to the cauldron bottom gradually, get into blendor 17 through the discharging device 15 that is located the cauldron bottom. The selenium dioxide gas, air and other mixed gas which are not dissolved in water enter the mixer 7 on the furnace cover through the return air pipe 8 in the return air chamber 11, and enter the smelting furnace together with the gas generated by the gas device for recycling, and when too much air exists, all or part of the mixed gas can be introduced into water to recycle the residual selenium dioxide. And adding a proper amount of filler into the mixer 17 through a filler inlet according to the proportion of the calcium selenite, uniformly mixing the filler and the filler in the mixer 17 to obtain the calcium selenite selenium-rich planting accelerator, and discharging the calcium selenite selenium-rich planting accelerator from a discharge port 18. And packaging to obtain the finished product.
The process comprises the following three steps: 1. generating selenium dioxide gas; 2. reacting selenium dioxide gas with calcium hydroxide to generate calcium selenite which exists in the form of precipitate, suspension or sol; 3. adding bulking agent into calcium selenite. When the selenium dioxide powder or the aqueous solution containing selenium dioxide is directly used, the first step can be omitted, but the preparation cost is increased, and potential safety hazards are generated due to the toxicity of selenium dioxide. Step 3 may also be changed to: directly evaporating water in the calcium selenite precipitate, the suspension or the sol to obtain a calcium selenite solid, and then scattering and grading the calcium selenite solid into powder as a finished product; however, the invention aims to increase the equipment investment and unnecessary evaporation cost, cause the content of calcium selenite to be too high and have potential safety hazard, and are not convenient for common personnel to master and use, and the calcium selenite is diluted by the filling agent to be more convenient and safer to use.
Detailed Description
The invention designs the proportion of calcium selenite in the selenium-rich planting accelerant aiming at different purposes, and selects different types of fillers. Several different uses are described below by way of examples.
Example one
An accelerant for fungus culture medium. And calcium selenite enters the double-helix mixer from the discharge hole of the reaction kettle, one or more culture medium filler materials such as sawdust, bran, corn flour and the like with the mass of 50-500 times that of the calcium selenite are uniformly added into the filler feed hole of the mixer by controlling the calcium selenite component in the spiral rotating speed controller, and the fungi planting accelerant is obtained after uniform mixing and packaging. The promoter is used for culturing fungi to obtain selenium-rich fungi product. The mass of the planted fungus bags is 750 grams, the adding amount of each fungus bag is 75mg on the assumption that the content of calcium selenite in the culture medium is 100mg/kg, and the adding amount convenient to operate is 7.5 grams, the mass ratio of the additive to the calcium selenite is 100: 1.
example two
An accelerant for crop planting. The calcium selenite in the double-helix mixer is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the helix, one or more fillers such as compound fertilizers, wood chips and bamboo chips with the mass of 10-100 times of that of the calcium selenite are uniformly added into a filler feed inlet of the mixer, and the crop planting accelerant is obtained after uniform mixing and packaging. The promoter is used for conditioning soil, and selenium-rich crops can be planted and obtained.
EXAMPLE III
A fruit planting promoter. Calcium selenite enters a double-helix mixer from a discharge hole of the reaction kettle, one or more fillers such as fly ash, stone powder, compound fertilizer and the like with the mass of 10-100 times of that of the calcium selenite are uniformly added into a filler feed inlet of the mixer by controlling the rotating speed of the helix to control the weight of the calcium selenite in the mixer, and the fruit planting accelerant is obtained after uniform mixing and packaging. The promoter is used for conditioning soil around fruit trees, and selenium-rich fruits can be planted.
Example four
A forage grass planting accelerant. And calcium selenite enters the double-helix mixer from the discharge hole of the reaction kettle, one or more fillers such as compound fertilizers, wood chips, bamboo chips and the like with the mass of 10-100 times of that of the calcium selenite are uniformly added into the filler feed inlet of the mixer by controlling the rotating speed of the helix to control the weight of the calcium selenite in the mixer, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and packaged to obtain the forage grass planting accelerant. The promoter is used for conditioning soil, and selenium-rich forage grass can be obtained by planting. Feeding livestock, poultry, fish, etc. to obtain selenium-rich meat or egg food.
EXAMPLE five
A camellia seed planting promoter. And calcium selenite enters the double-helix mixer from the discharge hole of the reaction kettle, one or more fillers such as tea seed hulls, tea seed dregs, compound fertilizers and the like with the mass of 10-100 times of that of the calcium selenite are uniformly added into the filler feed inlet of the mixer by controlling the rotating speed of the helix to control the weight of the calcium selenite in the mixer, and the promoter for planting the camellia oleifera seeds is obtained after uniform mixing and packaging. The promoter is used for conditioning soil around camellia seed trees, selenium-rich camellia seeds can be planted and obtained, and selenium-rich camellia oil is obtained after squeezing.
EXAMPLE six
Chinese medicinal material planting accelerant. Calcium selenite enters a double-helix mixer from a discharge hole of the reaction kettle, one or more fillers such as fly ash, stone powder, compound fertilizer and the like with the mass of 10-100 times of that of the calcium selenite are uniformly added into a filler feed inlet of the mixer by controlling the rotating speed of the helix to control the weight of the calcium selenite in the mixer, and the fruit planting accelerant is obtained after uniform mixing and packaging. The accelerant is used for conditioning soil of a Chinese medicinal material planting field, so that the selenium-rich Chinese medicinal material can be planted, the additional value is improved, and the pesticide effect is increased.
Claims (3)
1. A selenium-rich planting accelerant and a preparation method and a device thereof are characterized in that: selenium dioxide enters a reaction kettle filled with a calcium hydroxide solution or suspension liquid through a pipeline, calcium selenite is generated after full stirring reaction, the calcium selenite is settled to the bottom of the kettle after the concentration of the calcium selenite is increased, and the calcium selenite enters a mixer through a discharging device positioned at the bottom of the kettle; uniformly mixing the calcium selenite paste and the filler by a mixer to obtain the calcium selenite selenium-rich planting accelerator; the filler can be inorganic matter, or organic matter, or the mixture of organic matter and inorganic matter; the organic matters mainly comprise sawdust, bamboo chips, grass meal, burnt ash, organic fertilizers and the like, and the inorganic matters mainly comprise soil, stone powder, fly ash, metallurgical slag, mineral slag, chemical fertilizers and the like.
2. The selenium-rich planting accelerant as well as the preparation method and the device thereof according to claim 1, wherein the selenium-rich planting accelerant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the selenium-rich planting accelerant preparation device comprises a gas device, a feeding device, a metallurgical furnace, a slag discharge device, a reaction kettle, a mixer, a packaging machine and the like; the gas device consists of an air compressor, a gas storage tank, an oxygen generator (preferred) and a gas pipe; the feeding device is a continuous feeding device with a material seal; the metallurgical furnace comprises a furnace body, a furnace liner, a smelting furnace, a furnace cover, a feeding hole, an air inlet, a mixer, a gas transmission pipe, a slag discharge port and the like; the slag discharging device can be a belt conveyor, a vibrating feeder and the like; the reaction kettle comprises a kettle body, a slurry feeding hole, a stirring device, a discharging device, a gas return chamber, a gas return pipe and the like; the mixer makes the calcium selenite paste evenly added with a certain proportion of filling agent.
3. The selenium-rich planting accelerator as well as the preparation method and the device thereof according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: the gas device sends oxygen, oxygen-enriched air and air with certain pressure (generally 0.11-0.25 MPa), preferably oxygen into the metallurgical furnace from a gas inlet on the furnace cover of the metallurgical furnace through a pipeline; the feeding device continuously or intermittently feeds selenium-containing raw materials (selenium, coarse selenium particles or powder) into a smelting furnace of a metallurgical furnace from a feeding hole; the furnace body of the metallurgical furnace is heated by electricity or other heat sources, so that the temperature in the furnace reaches the selenium melting or vaporization temperature, generally 225-; the selenium material forms slag after the selenium is oxidized and is discharged through a slag discharge port positioned below the furnace pipe; the selenium dioxide gas or the mixed gas containing gaseous selenium dioxide enters the furnace pipe from the lower part of the smelting furnace and enters the bottom of the reaction kettle through the gas conveying pipe on the upper part of the furnace pipe, calcium hydroxide solution or suspension liquid is filled in the reaction kettle, the gas forms tiny bubbles to slowly rise under the action of buoyancy and the stirring of the stirrer, the gas is dissolved in water to react with calcium hydroxide in the rising process to generate calcium selenite, the calcium hydroxide and the selenium dioxide continuously enter the kettle, so that the chemical reaction is continuously carried out, the calcium selenite gradually settles to the bottom of the kettle after the concentration of the calcium selenite is increased, and the calcium selenite enters the mixer through a discharging device positioned at the bottom of the kettle; gas mixture of the selenium dioxide gas, air and the like which is not completely reacted enters a mixer on a furnace cover through a gas return pipe in a gas return chamber and enters a smelting furnace for recycling; and adding a filler into the mixer through a filler feeding hole according to the proportion of the filler to the calcium selenite, and uniformly mixing the filler and the calcium selenite with the calcium selenite in the mixer to obtain the calcium selenite selenium-rich planting accelerator.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116443821A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-07-18 | 葫芦岛锌业股份有限公司 | Method for producing selenium-rich fertilizer additive by using selenate mud |
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