CN1138960C - 工业气体的低温液化方法及其所用装置 - Google Patents

工业气体的低温液化方法及其所用装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1138960C
CN1138960C CNB011015160A CN01101516A CN1138960C CN 1138960 C CN1138960 C CN 1138960C CN B011015160 A CNB011015160 A CN B011015160A CN 01101516 A CN01101516 A CN 01101516A CN 1138960 C CN1138960 C CN 1138960C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
industrial gasses
strand
heat exchanger
facility
heat exchange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB011015160A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1310322A (zh
Inventor
Сj��W��������
小J·W·哈尔斯
�Ф
H·R·肖布
��˹��ŵ��
M·A·马里诺
B·阿曼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Praxair Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Praxair Technology Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Praxair Technology Inc filed Critical Praxair Technology Inc
Publication of CN1310322A publication Critical patent/CN1310322A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1138960C publication Critical patent/CN1138960C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0017—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/04—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/06—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with multiple gas expansion loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/40—Vertical layout or arrangement of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, condensers, heat exchangers etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

一种用来液化工业气体的系统，其中工业气体被用第一和第二压缩系统压缩到两个压力水平，然后在具有水平方向显热交换流道和垂直方向冷凝热交换流道的热交换器中被加工处理。

Description

工业气体的低温液化方法及其所用装置
本发明一般地说涉及为使工业气体液化的低温热交换。
低沸点气体如氧和氮的液化在投资和耗能方面都是很大的。典型的情况是，一些专业人员曾试图用多级涡轮机和液体膨胀机来解决改进液化器性能的问题。通常与这些系统联用的热交换器因工艺液力效果问题都是在垂直平面上取向的。这一传统实践导致需用很长的热端大口径管系行程，也需用可观的占地面积来布置后冷却器的热交换器和配用管系。
因此，本发明的目的是提供出一种改进设计，并比传统的工业气体液化系统价廉的工业气体液化系统。
本领域技术人员在读完本公开内容后将会清楚了解，本发明的上述目的和其它目的已由本发明加以实现，其中的一个方面是：
一种液化工业气体的方法，它包括：
(A)将工业气体加以压缩生产出压缩的工业气体，并进一步压缩该工业气体之一股，生产出压缩的第一股工业气体和进一步压缩的第二股工业气体；
(B)冷却该第一股工业气体，涡轮膨胀该冷却的第一股工业气体，借助于与进一步压缩的第二股工业气体进行水平方向逆流间接热交换，使被涡轮膨胀的第一股工业气体升温，以冷却该进一步压缩的第二股工业气体；
(C)将冷却的第二股工业气体分为第一部分和第二部分，涡轮膨胀该第一部分，并借助于与垂直流动的冷却的第二股工业气体的第二部分进行间接热交换，而使该被涡轮膨胀的第一部分升温，以液化该第二部分；以及
(D)将该液化的第二部分工业气体作为产品液化工业气体回收。
本发明的另一个方面是：
用以液化工业气体的装置，它包括：
(A)一台热交换器，它具有水平方向的热交换流道，并具有与该水平方向热交换流道相通的垂直方向热交换流道；
(B)第一压缩系统、第二压缩系统、往第一压缩系统和从第一压缩系统向热交换器的水平方向流道输送工业气体的设施、以及从第一压缩系统向第二压缩系统和从第二压缩系统向热交换器的水平方向流道输送工业气体的设施；
(C)第一涡轮膨胀机、第二涡轮膨胀机、从热交换器的水平方向流道向第一涡轮膨胀机和从第一涡轮膨胀机向热交换器的另一支水平方向流道送入工业气体的设施、以及从热交换器向第二涡轮膨胀机和从第二涡轮膨胀机向热交换器的或是垂直方向流道或是水平方向流道送入工业气体的设施；
(D)从热交换器的垂直方向流道回收液化工业气体的设施。
在此，术语“间接热交换”意指将两股流体投入热交换关系而相互间不进行任何的物质接触或混和。
术语“压缩机”意指一种设备，它能接受某一压力下的气态流体而排出较高压力的气态流体。
术语“涡轮膨胀”和“涡轮膨胀机”分别意指将高压流通过涡轮机使其压力和温度降低以制取冷能的方法和装置。
术语“过冷”和“过冷器”分别意指将一液体冷却到该液体在现有压力下饱和温度以下的温度的方法和装置。
术语“工业气体”意指主要含有氮、氧、天然气中的一种或一种以上、或者一种或一种以上其它碳氢化合物的流体。
附图为本发明特别优选的工业气体低温液化系统的简化示意图。
下面将参照此图对本发明作详细描述。图中，工业气体1，例如是来自空气分离厂的氮，其压力通常高达每平方英寸绝对压力20磅(psia)，被送往第一压缩系统，其中包括原料压缩机2和再循环压缩机3。在图中所示的实施方案中，工业气体原料气流1被与再循环气流4合并成联合气流5以送入原料压缩机2。
在原料压缩机2内，这股工业气体通常被压缩到50～85psia的压力范围，压缩后的气流6在冷却器7中被冷却掉压缩热。冷却后的工业气流8被送入第一压缩系统中的再循环压缩机3。在图中所示的本发明的实施方案中，中压回流气流9、来自空气分离厂的补充气流10、以及来自压缩机3的再循环气流11全部被送入工业气流8中，以形成工业气流12，以便送入再循环压缩机3中。
在再循环压缩机3中，气流12中的工业气体通常被压缩到190～380psia的压力范围，形成压缩的工业气流13。借助于通过冷却器14而把气流13中的压缩热除去，冷却后的压缩工业气流15被分为第一股16和第二股17。
热交换器包括有四个区段，在图中标为1、2、3、4区段。在1区段内的热交换流道是垂直方向的，2、3、4区段内的热交换流道走水平方向的。区段1内的热交换流道优选都是垂直方向的。但是，本发明也可以做成带有隔板和交叉流向的，这样可使区段1内的回流气流是水平方向，而产品气流则走垂直方向。本领域的技术人员会明白，在本发明的实践中，些许偏离绝对垂直方向或绝对水平方向是允许的，只要不过分牺牲本发明的效率就行。
第一股压缩工业气体16被送入区段4内的水平方向热交换流道并被通过该流道的气流所冷却而形成冷却的第一股压缩工业气体，该气体以气流19被从热交换器18的区段4中抽出。气流19中的第一股冷却的工业气体由于通过热端或第一涡轮膨胀机20而被涡轮膨胀，所形成的膨胀的第一股工业气体21由于通过热交换器18的区段3和4而被升温，流出后即是上述的回流气流9。
压缩的第二股工业气体17由于通过第二压缩系统而被进一步压缩，在附图所示的实施方案中，第二压缩系统包括热端增压压缩机22和冷端增压压缩机23。气流17通过压缩机22后通常被压缩到300～540psia的压力范围，所形成的工业气流24由于通过冷却器25而把压缩热冷却掉。所形成的气流26通过压缩机23后通常被压缩到450～760psia的压力范围，随后以气流27作为进一步压缩的第二股工业气体从这里流出。进一步压缩的第二股工业气体27由于通过冷却器28而把压缩热冷却掉，冷却后的进一步压缩的第二股工业气体被以气流29送入热交换器18区段4中的水平热交换流道中。
该进一步压缩的第二股工业气体在通过热交换器18的区段4、3和2时因与逆向流动正在升温的诸气流、例如前面描述过的气流21进行间接热交换而被冷却，形成冷却的第二股工业气体，其中的第一部分以气流30被从热交换器18中抽出而被送入冷端或第二涡轮膨胀机31。气流30在通过涡流膨胀机31时被涡轮膨胀而形成的涡轮膨胀气流32被送入热交换器18的区段1中优选为垂直方向的热交换流道中。
冷却的第二股工业气体的其余部分或第二部分则被向下送入热交换器18的区段1，优选与向上流动的诸气流、例如前述的气流32逆向行进并与之进行间接热交换而被液化，并形成液化的第二部分工业气体的液流33。如图中所示，气流32在与冷却的第二部分工业气体进行热交换后即水平方向通过热交换器18的区段2，然后与气流21合半，以便在作为前述气流9排出以前进一步流过热交换器18的区段3和4。
液流33可作为产品工业气体回收。图中所示为本发明特别优选的实施方案，其中液流33在回收前还经过过冷。按照这一特别优选的实施方案，液流33(可以是液体或者假液体，视其组成和压力而定)通过阀34被节流到通常80～120psia的压力范围，所形成的气流35借助于通过过冷器36而被过冷，从这里作为过冷液流37被抽出，以液流38作为产品液化工业气体而部分地或全部被回收。在图中所示的实施方案中，液流37并不全部直接回收，而是有一股从液流37分出的液流39被通过阀40而节流到通常是16～19psia的压力范围，并以气流41通过过冷器36，在此与液流35进行间接热交换而升温，同时实现液流35的过冷。所形成的气流42被从过冷器36送入热交换器18，优选逆向与前述正在冷却或冷凝的诸气流进行间接热交换而升温。气流42在热交换器18的区段1内向上流动，而水平穿过热交换器18的区段2、3和4，作为热气流43从热交换器18流出，通过阀44而形成前述的回流气流4。
由于在液化热交换器的显热交换区段内采用水平方向逆流间接热交换，而在冷凝区段内采用垂直方向逆流热交换，就实现了更高效率的工业气体液体。可在整套低温装置以外采用管道流程较短的机组式操作，而设备采用滑动式结构会更加方便。这样可使显热交换达到最大，而同时流体的分布、特别是在冷凝区段内的分布会更好。
虽然本发明是参照特别优的实施方案来描述的，但本领域的技术人员会承认，在权利要求的精神和范围之内，还会有本发明的其它实施方案。例如，也可采用平行的涡轮机布局来实施本发明。

Claims (10)

1.一种液化工业气体的方法，它包括：
(A)将工业气体加以压缩生产出压缩的工业气体，并进一步压缩该工业气体之一股，生产出压缩的第一股工业气体和进一步压缩的第二股工业气体；
(B)冷却该第一股工业气体，涡轮膨胀该冷却的第一股工业气体，借助于与进一步压缩的第二股工业气体进行水平方向逆流间接热交换，使被涡轮膨胀的第一股工业气体升温，以冷却该进一步压缩的第二股工业气体；
(C)将冷却的第二股工业气体分为第一部分和第二部分，涡轮膨胀该第一部分，并借助于与垂直流动的冷却的第二股工业气体的第二部分进行间接热交换，而使该被涡轮膨胀的第一部分升温，以液化该第二部分；以及
(D)将该液化的第二部分工业气体作为产品液化工业气体回收。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中液化的第二部分在作为产品液化工业气体回收以前进行了过冷。
3.权利要求2的方法，其中过冷的液化的第二部分中，有部分物流被降压，随后又借助于间接热交换  而升温，以实现液化的第二部分的过冷。
4.权利要求3的方法，其中所形成的升温的部分物流借助于与冷却的第二部分工业气体在垂直方向的逆流间接热交换而被进一步升温，以帮助该第二部分的液化。
5.权利要求4的方法，其中所形成的进一步升温的部分物流借助于与进一步压缩的第二股工业气体进行水平方向的逆流间接热交换而再进一步升温，以帮助该第二股工业气体的冷却。
6.一种用以液化工业气体的装置，它包括：
(A)一台热交换器，它具有水平方向的热交换流道，并具有与该水平方向热交换流道相通的垂直方向热交换流道；
(B)第一压缩系统、第二压缩系统、往第一压缩系统和从第一压缩系统向热交换器的水平方向流道输送工业气体的设施、以及从第一压缩系统向第二压缩系统和从第二压缩系统向热交换器的水平方向流道输送工业气体的设施；
(C)第一涡轮膨胀机、第二涡轮膨胀机、从热交换器的水平方向流道向第一涡轮膨胀机和从第一涡轮膨胀机向热交换器的另一支水平方向流道送入工业气体的设施、以及从热交换器向第二涡轮膨胀机和从第二涡轮膨胀机向热交换器的或是垂直方向流道或是水平方向流道送入工业气体的设施；
(D)从热交换器的垂直方向流道回收液化工业气体的设施。
7.权利要求6的装置，它还包括一个过冷器，其中从热交换器的垂直方向流道回收液化工业气体的设施中包括有该过冷器。
8.权利要求7的装置，它还包括有节流阀、从过冷器往节流阀输送流体的设施、以及从节流阀向过冷器回输流体的设施。
9.权利要求8的装置，它还包括从过冷器向热交换器输送流体的设施。
10.权利要求6的装置，它还包括从热交换器向第一压缩系统输送流体的设施。
CNB011015160A 2000-01-10 2001-01-08 工业气体的低温液化方法及其所用装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1138960C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/479986 2000-01-10
US09/479,986 US6220053B1 (en) 2000-01-10 2000-01-10 Cryogenic industrial gas liquefaction system
US09/479,986 2000-01-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1310322A CN1310322A (zh) 2001-08-29
CN1138960C true CN1138960C (zh) 2004-02-18

Family

ID=23906213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB011015160A Expired - Fee Related CN1138960C (zh) 2000-01-10 2001-01-08 工业气体的低温液化方法及其所用装置

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6220053B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1116925B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR100498148B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1138960C (zh)
BR (1) BR0100034A (zh)
CA (1) CA2330261C (zh)
DE (1) DE60111087T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2239634T3 (zh)
MX (1) MXPA01000242A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108351162A (zh) * 2015-08-27 2018-07-31 通用电气石油和天然气公司 气体液化系统和方法

Families Citing this family (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6484533B1 (en) * 2000-11-02 2002-11-26 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method and apparatus for the production of a liquid cryogen
US20070107465A1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2007-05-17 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of gas and methods relating to same
US7591150B2 (en) * 2001-05-04 2009-09-22 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
US7637122B2 (en) * 2001-05-04 2009-12-29 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of a gas and methods relating to same
US7594414B2 (en) * 2001-05-04 2009-09-29 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
GB0120272D0 (en) * 2001-08-21 2001-10-10 Gasconsult Ltd Improved process for liquefaction of natural gases
DE10148166A1 (de) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-17 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von flüssigem Sauerstoff und flüssigem Stickstoff
AU2008201463B8 (en) * 2002-02-27 2010-07-15 Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
US6751985B2 (en) 2002-03-20 2004-06-22 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Process for producing a pressurized liquefied gas product by cooling and expansion of a gas stream in the supercritical state
US6666046B1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2003-12-23 Praxair Technology, Inc. Dual section refrigeration system
US6668581B1 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-12-30 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic system for providing industrial gas to a use point
US7134296B2 (en) * 2004-10-13 2006-11-14 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for providing cooling for gas liquefaction
WO2007021351A1 (en) * 2005-08-09 2007-02-22 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Natural gas liquefaction process for lng
US7533540B2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2009-05-19 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation system for enhanced liquid production
DE102006039616B3 (de) * 2006-08-24 2008-04-03 Eberhard Otten Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Speicherung von Brenngas, insbesondere Erdgas
CA2681417C (en) * 2007-05-03 2016-07-26 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Natural gas liquefaction process
EP2185877B1 (en) * 2007-08-24 2021-01-20 ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company Natural gas liquefaction process and system
US8899074B2 (en) 2009-10-22 2014-12-02 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Methods of natural gas liquefaction and natural gas liquefaction plants utilizing multiple and varying gas streams
US8555672B2 (en) * 2009-10-22 2013-10-15 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Complete liquefaction methods and apparatus
US8061413B2 (en) 2007-09-13 2011-11-22 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Heat exchangers comprising at least one porous member positioned within a casing
US9217603B2 (en) 2007-09-13 2015-12-22 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Heat exchanger and related methods
US9254448B2 (en) 2007-09-13 2016-02-09 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Sublimation systems and associated methods
US9574713B2 (en) 2007-09-13 2017-02-21 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Vaporization chambers and associated methods
US20100205979A1 (en) * 2007-11-30 2010-08-19 Gentry Mark C Integrated LNG Re-Gasification Apparatus
CN101608859B (zh) * 2008-06-20 2011-08-17 杭州福斯达实业集团有限公司 高低压氮气双膨胀天然气液化方法
US8623107B2 (en) 2009-02-17 2014-01-07 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Gas hydrate conversion system for harvesting hydrocarbon hydrate deposits
FR2972792B1 (fr) * 2011-03-16 2017-12-01 L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede et appareil de liquefaction de co2
US10655911B2 (en) 2012-06-20 2020-05-19 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Natural gas liquefaction employing independent refrigerant path
BR112015002174A2 (pt) * 2012-09-07 2017-07-04 Keppel Offshore & Marine Tech Ct Pte Ltd sistema e método para a liquefação de gás natural
US20140069141A1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-13 Naoto Yonemura Compressing system, and gas compressing method
US9631863B2 (en) * 2013-03-12 2017-04-25 Mcalister Technologies, Llc Liquefaction systems and associated processes and methods
US20150168058A1 (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-18 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour I'etude Et I'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
EP3183527B1 (en) * 2014-08-22 2019-12-04 Peregrine Turbine Technologies, LLC Heat exchanger for a power generation system
JP6415329B2 (ja) * 2015-01-09 2018-10-31 三菱重工エンジニアリング株式会社 ガス液化装置及びガス液化方法
SG11201710001XA (en) * 2015-06-02 2018-01-30 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Ship
CN107922036A (zh) * 2015-06-02 2018-04-17 大宇造船海洋株式会社 船舶
US20180313603A1 (en) * 2015-10-28 2018-11-01 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour I'Etude et I'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Apparatus and method for producing liquefied gas
US10788259B1 (en) * 2015-12-04 2020-09-29 Chester Lng, Llc Modular, mobile and scalable LNG plant
JP6772268B2 (ja) * 2015-12-14 2020-10-21 エクソンモービル アップストリーム リサーチ カンパニー 液体窒素によって強化された膨張器ベースのｌｎｇ生産工程
WO2017138036A1 (ja) * 2016-02-09 2017-08-17 三菱重工コンプレッサ株式会社 昇圧システム
CN106091574B (zh) * 2016-06-02 2018-10-30 成都深冷液化设备股份有限公司 一种带压缩热回收的气体液化装置及其液化方法
KR101792708B1 (ko) * 2016-06-22 2017-11-02 삼성중공업(주) 유체냉각장치
JP6170648B1 (ja) * 2016-09-14 2017-07-26 三菱重工コンプレッサ株式会社 昇圧システム、及び気体の昇圧方法
US20220404094A1 (en) 2019-12-19 2022-12-22 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and m ethod for supplying cryogenic refrigeration
US11740014B2 (en) * 2020-02-27 2023-08-29 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for natural gas and nitrogen liquefaction with independent nitrogen recycle loops
WO2023244883A1 (en) 2022-06-16 2023-12-21 Praxair Technology, Inc. Liquid nitrogen energy storage system and method

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3677019A (en) 1969-08-01 1972-07-18 Union Carbide Corp Gas liquefaction process and apparatus
GB8418840D0 (en) 1984-07-24 1984-08-30 Boc Group Plc Gas refrigeration
US4778497A (en) 1987-06-02 1988-10-18 Union Carbide Corporation Process to produce liquid cryogen
US4894076A (en) 1989-01-17 1990-01-16 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Recycle liquefier process
US5231835A (en) 1992-06-05 1993-08-03 Praxair Technology, Inc. Liquefier process
US5271231A (en) * 1992-08-10 1993-12-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for gas liquefaction with plural work expansion of feed as refrigerant and air separation cycle embodying the same
DE19609489A1 (de) 1996-03-11 1997-09-18 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verflüssigung eines tiefsiedenden Gases
US5836173A (en) 1997-05-01 1998-11-17 Praxair Technology, Inc. System for producing cryogenic liquid
US5799505A (en) 1997-07-28 1998-09-01 Praxair Technology, Inc. System for producing cryogenic liquefied industrial gas
US6044902A (en) * 1997-08-20 2000-04-04 Praxair Technology, Inc. Heat exchange unit for a cryogenic air separation system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108351162A (zh) * 2015-08-27 2018-07-31 通用电气石油和天然气公司 气体液化系统和方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MXPA01000242A (es) 2004-03-02
CA2330261C (en) 2003-11-25
BR0100034A (pt) 2001-08-21
ES2239634T3 (es) 2005-10-01
KR20010070465A (ko) 2001-07-25
US6220053B1 (en) 2001-04-24
CN1310322A (zh) 2001-08-29
CA2330261A1 (en) 2001-07-10
EP1116925A1 (en) 2001-07-18
DE60111087T2 (de) 2006-05-04
DE60111087D1 (de) 2005-07-07
KR100498148B1 (ko) 2005-07-01
EP1116925B1 (en) 2005-06-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1138960C (zh) 工业气体的低温液化方法及其所用装置
CN1206505C (zh) 借助于膨胀冷却液化天然气的方法
JP5226457B2 (ja) 空気流圧縮方法及び空気流圧縮装置
KR100343275B1 (ko) 극저온액체를생성시키는시스템
AU637141B2 (en) Process for refrigerating, corresponding refrigerating cycle and their application to the distillation of air
US6898949B2 (en) Method for refrigerating liquefied gas and installation therefor
US6751985B2 (en) Process for producing a pressurized liquefied gas product by cooling and expansion of a gas stream in the supercritical state
CN101180509B (zh) 将利用第一冷却循环冷却所获gnl流过冷的方法及相关设备
US20140083132A1 (en) Process for liquefaction of natural gas
CN101313188B (zh) 液化天然气流的处理方法和相关装置
CN110701870B (zh) 一种利用lng冷能的空分装置和方法
CA3056587C (en) Artic cascade method for natural gas liquefaction in a high-pressure cycle with pre-cooling by ethane and sub-cooling by nitrogen, and a plant for its implementation
CN111527361B (zh) 一种基于深冷精馏生产空气产品的方法及设备
CN1296669C (zh) 氮气排除方法
CN101268326A (zh) 用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法和设备
CN101351680A (zh) 低温空气分离法
US5275003A (en) Hybrid air and nitrogen recycle liquefier
US20230251030A1 (en) Facility and method for hydrogen refrigeration
CN114777418B (zh) 一种冷凝法天然气bog提氦的系统
US20160245585A1 (en) System and method for integrated air separation and liquefaction
CN108474616B (zh) 用于向空气分离设备提供辅助制冷的方法和系统
US7219514B2 (en) Method for separating air by cryogenic distillation and installation therefor
EP1469265B1 (en) Process for nitrogen liquefaction by recovering the cold derived from liquid methane gasification

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20040218

Termination date: 20200108

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee