CN101313188B - 液化天然气流的处理方法和相关装置 - Google Patents

液化天然气流的处理方法和相关装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101313188B
CN101313188B CN2006800437214A CN200680043721A CN101313188B CN 101313188 B CN101313188 B CN 101313188B CN 2006800437214 A CN2006800437214 A CN 2006800437214A CN 200680043721 A CN200680043721 A CN 200680043721A CN 101313188 B CN101313188 B CN 101313188B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
stream
heat exchanger
cryogenic fluid
natural gas
liquefied natural
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN2006800437214A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101313188A (zh
Inventor
H·帕拉多夫斯基
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technip Energies France SAS
Original Assignee
Technip France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technip France SAS filed Critical Technip France SAS
Publication of CN101313188A publication Critical patent/CN101313188A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101313188B publication Critical patent/CN101313188B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0257—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0208—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0219—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. using a deep flash recycle loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
    • F25J1/0268—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer using a dedicated refrigeration means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0274—Retrofitting or revamping of an existing liquefaction unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/70—Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/30—Dynamic liquid or hydraulic expansion with extraction of work, e.g. single phase or two-phase turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/04—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/60—Closed external refrigeration cycle with single component refrigerant [SCR], e.g. C1-, C2- or C3-hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/66—Closed external refrigeration cycle with multi component refrigerant [MCR], e.g. mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/80—Retrofitting, revamping or debottlenecking of existing plant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/927—Natural gas from nitrogen

Abstract

本方法中，在所述第一热交换器(19)内，通过与制冷流体(83)热交换来冷却液化天然气流(11)。使制冷流体(83)经受半开式的第二制冷循环(21)，该第二制冷循环独立于所述第一制冷循环(17)。所述方法包括将过冷液化天然气流(59)引入蒸馏塔(49)内的步骤，以及回收所述蒸馏塔(49)顶部的气体流(69)的步骤。所述第二制冷循环(21)包括：由顶部的气体流(69)的一部分形成制冷流体流(73)的步骤；压缩所述制冷流体流(73)到一高压的步骤；然后将被压缩的制冷流体流(75)的一部分(81)膨胀以形成基本液态的过冷流(83)的步骤。所述基本液态的过冷流(83)在所述第一热交换器(19)内被汽化。

Description

液化天然气流的处理方法和相关装置 
技术领域
本发明涉及通过第一制冷循环冷却得到的液化天然气(GNL)流的处理方法，该方法包括以下步骤： 
(a)将温度低于-100℃的液化天然气流引入第一热交换器内； 
(b)在所述第一热交换器内，通过与制冷流体热交换来使液化天然气流过冷，以形成过冷的液化天然气流；以及 
(c)使制冷流体经受半开式的第二制冷循环，该第二制冷循环独立于所述第一制冷循环。 
背景技术
由文件US-B-6 308 531知道上述类型的一种方法，在该方法中，天然气流通过第一制冷循环被液化，所述第一制冷循环使烃混合物冷凝和汽化。所得天然气的温度约为-100℃。然后，将所述天然气制品通过半开式的称为“反向布雷顿循环(cycle de Brayton inversé)”类型的第二制冷循环过冷到约-170℃，所述第二制冷循环包括级式压缩机和气体膨胀涡轮。 
这样的方法不完全令人满意。实际上，所述称为反向布雷顿循环的最大效率限制在约40％。另外，其半开式循环的运行难于实施。 
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出液化天然气流的一自主(autonome)处理方法，该方法具有改善的效率并能轻易地在各种结构单元中实施。 
因此，本发明是上述类型的一种处理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤： 
(d)在中间涡轮内动力膨胀过冷的液化天然气流，同时保持该过冷的液化天然气流基本呈液态； 
(e)将出自所述中间涡轮的流冷却和膨胀，然后将其引入到蒸馏塔内； 
  (f)回收在所述蒸馏塔基部的被除氮的液化天然气流，并回收在所述蒸馏塔顶部的气体流；以及 
  (g)在级式压缩机内压缩顶部的气体流，并在所述压缩机的中间压力级处提取被压缩到中间压力PI的顶部的气体流的第一部分，以形成可燃气体流； 
  并且，其特征在于，所述第二制冷循环包括以下步骤： 
  (i)由被压缩到中间压力PI的顶部气体的第二部分形成初始的制冷流体流； 
  (ii)压缩初始的制冷流体流到高于所述中间压力PI的高压PH，以形成被压缩的制冷流体流； 
  (iii)在第二热交换器内冷却被压缩的制冷流体流； 
  (iv)将出自所述第二热交换器的被压缩的制冷流体流分为主要的冷却流和液化天然气过冷流； 
  (v)先在第三热交换器内、然后在所述第一热交换器内冷却液化天然气过冷流； 
  (vi)将出自所述第一热交换器的过冷流膨胀达到小于所述中间压力PI的低压，以形成基本为液态的液化天然气的过冷流； 
  (vii)在所述第一热交换器内，汽化基本为液态的液化天然气的过冷流，以形成被加热的过冷流； 
  (viii)在主涡轮内，将主要的冷却流基本膨胀到所述低压PB，并将出自所述主涡轮的主冷却流与被加热的过冷流混合，以形成混合流； 
  (ix)先在所述第三热交换器内、然后在所述第二热交换器内相继地加热混合流，以形成被加热的混合流；以及 
  (x)将被加热的混合流引入到所述压缩机内，至位于所述中间压力级上游的低压级。 
  根据本发明的方法可包括以下的一个或多个特征，所述特征单独地应用或按所有技术上可能的组合加以应用： 
  -所述高压PH介于大约40巴至100巴之间，优选在大约50巴至80巴之间，且尤其在大约60巴至75巴之间； 
  -所述低压PB低于大约20巴； 
  -在所述步骤(vi)，在液体膨胀涡轮内，将出自所述第一热交换器的过冷流动力膨胀； 
  -在所述步骤(ii)，在联接所述主涡轮的辅助压缩机内，至少部分地压缩初始的制冷流体流； 
  -在所述步骤(i)，将C2烃流引入到所述压缩机内，以形成初始的制冷流体流的一部分； 
  -在所述步骤(iii)，使被压缩的制冷流体流与在所述第二热交换器内流通的次级制冷流体进行热交换，次级制冷流体经受第三制冷循环，在该第三制冷循环中，次级制冷流体在所述第二热交换器的出口处被压缩，使次级制冷流体冷却并且至少部分地冷凝，然后使次级制冷流体在所述第二热交换器内汽化之前进行膨胀； 
  -次级制冷流体包含丙烷，并且还可能包含乙烷；以及 
  -在所述步骤(e)的膨胀之前，将出自所述中间涡轮的流与天然气补给流混合，所述天然气补给流在第四热交换器内与顶部的气体流热交换而被冷却；以及 
  -顶部气体的C2 +含量使得被所述第二热交换器冷却的流为纯气态。 
  本发明的目的还为了通过第一制冷循环冷却得到的液化天然气流的处理设备，该设备包括： 
  -液化天然气流过冷部件，其包括使液化天然气流与制冷流进行热交换的第一热交换器；以及 
  -半开式的第二制冷循环，其独立于所述第一制冷循环， 
  其特征在于，所述设备包括： 
  -中间涡轮，其使出自所述第一热交换器的过冷液化天然气流动力膨胀； 
  -冷却和膨胀部件，其使出自所述中间涡轮的流冷却和膨胀； 
  -蒸馏塔，其与所述冷却和膨胀部件连接； 
  -回收所述蒸馏塔基部的除氮液化天然气流的部件，和回收所述 蒸馏塔顶部的气体流的部件； 
  -级式压缩机，其与回收所述蒸馏塔顶部的气体流的部件相连；以及 
  -为形成可燃气体而提取顶部的气体流的第一部分的部件，其安插在所述压缩机的中间压缩级处； 
  并且，其特征在于，所述第二制冷循环包括： 
  -由压缩至中间压力的顶部气体的第二部分形成初始的制冷流体流的部件； 
  --初始的制冷流体流的压缩部件，其将初始的制冷流体流压缩到高于所述中间压力的高压，以形成被压缩的制冷流体流； 
  -第二热交换器，用以冷却被压缩的制冷流体流； 
  -分离部件，其将出自所述第二热交换器的被压缩的制冷流体流分离为主要的冷却流和液化天然气的过冷流； 
  -第三热交换器，用以冷却所述过冷流； 
  -将出自所述第三热交换器的过冷流引入所述第一热交换器的部件； 
  -出自所述第一热交换器的过冷流的膨胀部件，其使所述过冷流膨胀达到小于所述中间压力的低压，以形成基本液态的液化天然气过冷流； 
  -基本液态的液化天然气过冷流的流通部件，其使基本液态的液化天然气过冷流在所述第一热交换器内流通，以形成被加热的过冷流； 
  -主膨胀涡轮，其使主要的冷却流基本膨胀到所述低压； 
  -混合部件，其使出自所述主涡轮的冷却流与被加热的过冷流进行混合以形成混合流； 
  -混合流的流通部件，其使混合流先在所述第三热交换器内、然后在所述第二热交换器内相继地流通，以形成被加热的混合流； 
  -将被加热的混合流引入到所述压缩机内，至位于所述中间压力级上游的低压级的部件。 
  根据本发明的所述方法可包括以下的一个或多个特征，所述特征可单独地应用或按所有技术上可能的组合应用： 
  -所述高压PH介于大约40巴至100巴之间，优选地在大约50巴至80巴之间，且尤其是在大约60巴至75巴之间； 
  -所述低压PB小于大约20巴； 
  -出自所述第一热交换器的过冷流的膨胀部件包括液体膨胀涡轮； 
  -所述的初始的制冷流体流的压缩部件包括辅助压缩机，该辅助压缩机与所述主涡轮联接； 
  -所述第二制冷循环包括将C2烃流引入到所述压缩机以形成初始的制冷流体流的一部分的部件； 
  -所述第二热交换器包括次级制冷流体的流通部件，所述设备包括第三制冷循环，该第三制冷循环包括：次级压缩部件，其压缩出自所述第三热交换器的次级制冷流体；出自所述次级压缩部件的次级制冷流体的次级冷却和膨胀部件；以及，将出自所述次级膨胀部件的次级制冷流体引入所述第二热交换器内的部件；以及 
  -次级制冷流体包含丙烷，并且还可能包含乙烷；以及 
  -所述设备包括：将过冷的液化天然气流与天然气的补给流混合的部件；以及第四热交换器，用以使补给流与顶部的气体流进行热交换。 
附图说明
  现参照附图描述本发明的实施例，其中： 
  -图1是根据本发明的第一设备的运行框图； 
  -图2是示出图1设备的第二制冷循环根据所述第一热交换器入口处的液化天然气温度的效率曲线图； 
  -图3是类似图1的按本发明的第二设备的示意图； 
  -图4是类似图1的按本发明的第三设备的示意图；及 
  -图5是类似图1的按本发明的第四设备的示意图。 
具体实施方式
  如图1所示的根据本发明的第一过冷设备9，用于从温度被带到低于-90℃的初始的液化天然气(GNL)流11制备除氮液化天然气流13。所述设备9还制备富氮的可燃气体流16。 
  如图1所示，所述初始的液化天然气流11由天然气液化单元15产生，该液化单元15包括第一制冷循环17。所述第一制冷循环17例如包括一循环，该循环具有烃混合物的冷凝和汽化部件。 
  所述设备9包括：第一过冷热交换器19；独立于所述第一循环17的半开式第二制冷循环21；以及除氮单元23。 
  所述第二制冷循环21包括级式压缩装置25，该级式压缩装置具有多个压缩级27。每个所述压缩级27包括一压缩机29和一冷却器31。 
  所述第二循环21还包括：第二热交换器33；第三热交换器35；膨胀阀37；以及辅助压缩机39，所述辅助压缩机39与主膨胀涡轮41联接。所述第二循环21还包括辅助冷却器43。 
  在图1所示的实例中，所述级式压缩装置25包括四个压缩机29。所述四个压缩机29由相同的外部能量源45驱动。所述能量源45例如是燃气涡轮式发动机。 
  所述冷却器31和43由水和/或空气冷却。 
  所述除氮单元23包括：中间的液压涡轮47，该涡轮47与流产生器48联接；蒸馏塔49；塔顶的热交换器51；以及塔基部的热交换器53。所述除氮单元23还包括排出除氮液化天然气13的排出泵55。 
  在整个下文中，同一附图标记表示液流和运输液流的管道，所考虑的压力是绝对压力，并且所考虑的百分比是摩尔百分比。 
  出自所述液化单元15的初始的液化天然气流11的温度低于-90℃，例如为-130℃。该流11例如包括大致5％的氮、90％的甲烷以及5％的乙烷，并且其流量为50000kmol/h。 
  所述液化天然气流11被引入到所述第一热交换器19内，在该第一热交换器中被过冷到-150℃的温度，以产生过冷的液化天然气流57。 
  所述流57然后被引入到所述液压涡轮47内，并动力膨胀到一低压以形成膨胀流59。所述膨胀流59主要为液态，也就是说它包含少于2％摩尔的气体。所述膨胀流59在基部热交换器53内被冷却，然后被引入到膨胀阀61，在该膨胀阀它形成供给所述蒸馏塔49的流64。 
  在蒸馏低压下，所述流64从所述蒸馏塔49的顶部被引入。该蒸 馏低压略高于大气压。在本实例中，该低压为1.25巴，且所述流64的温度约为-165℃。 
  天然气的补给流63与所述初始的液化天然气流11基本具有相同的成分，该补给流63在所述顶部交换器51内被冷却，然后在阀65内被膨胀，并在所述阀61的上游与膨胀的过冷液化天然气流59混合。 
  重沸流68在一中间级Ni从所述蒸馏塔49提取，该中间级Ni位于所述蒸馏塔的底部附近。所述流68被引入到所述交换器53内，并在被引入到所述蒸馏塔49内所述中间级Ni的下面之前，通过与所述膨胀的过冷液化天然气流59热交换而被加热。 
  包含少于1％的氮的液态的基部流67提取自所述蒸馏塔49。所述基部流67被所述泵55泵吸入，以形成所述去氮的液化天然气流13，该流13用于被送至一储存器。 
  包含近50％的氮的气态顶部流69提取自所述蒸馏塔49。所述流69在所述顶部交换器51内与所述补给流63热交换而被加热，以形成被加热的顶部流71。该流71被引入到所述压缩装置25的第一级27A内。 
  所述被加热的顶部流71在所述压缩装置25的第一级27A和第二级27B中相继地被压缩到大致一循环低压PB，然后在被引入到所述第四压缩级27D之前在所述第三压缩级27C内被压缩。在压缩机的每个压缩级27中，所述顶部流71在所述压缩机29内受到压缩，继而在相关联的冷却器31内被冷却至约35℃的温度。 
  在所述第四压缩级27D内被压缩的所述顶部流的第一部分16在中间压力PI，被提取自所述压缩机29D，以形成所述可燃气体流。 
  所述中间压力PI例如高于20巴，且优选大致等于30巴。所述循环低压PB例如低于20巴。 
  所述顶部流的第二部分73继续在所述压缩机29D内被压缩到大致等于50巴的平均压力，以形成一初始的制冷流体流。 
  所述流73在所述交换器31D内被冷却，然后被引入到所述辅助压缩机39。 
  所述初始的制冷流体流73的流量远高于所述可燃气体流16的流 量。这两个流量之比在本实例中大致等于6.5。 
  然后，所述流73在所述压缩机39内被压缩达到循环高压PH。该高压在40巴至100巴之间，优选在50巴至80巴之间，且有利地在60巴至75巴之间。 
  出自所述压缩机39的流73，在通过所述冷却器43后，形成被压缩的制冷流体流75。所述顶部流69包含质量百分比少于5％的C2 +烃，使得所述流75为纯气态。当所述高压高于大约60巴时，所述流75是一超临界流体。 
  接着，所述流75在所述第二热交换器33内被冷却，并在该交换器33的出口处被分为少数的液化天然气过冷流77和主要的多数冷却流79。这两流的流量比约为0.5。 
  所述过冷流77先在所述第三交换器35内、然后在所述第一交换器19内被冷却，以形成冷却的过冷流81。所述流81在所述阀37内被膨胀达到所述循环低压PB，所述流81以基本液态的过冷流83的形式-也就是包含的气体少于10％摩尔-离开所述阀37。 
  然后，所述流83被引入到所述第一交换器19内，在此通过与所述流81和所述初始的液化天然气流11热交换而被汽化和冷却，以便在所述第一交换器19的出口处形成被加热的过冷流85。 
气态的主要流79在所述涡轮41内被膨胀达到大致循环低压PB，并与出自所述第一交换器19的被加热流85混合，以形成混合流87。接着，所述混合流87相续地被引入到所述第三交换器35内、然后是所述第二交换器33内，在此处，所述混合流87通过热交换关系分别冷却所述过冷流77和所述被压缩的制冷流体流75。 
接着，出自所述交换器33的被加热的混合流89基本在低压PB，在第三压缩级27C的入口处被引入到所述压缩装置25内。 
作为说明，下表给出循环高压PH大致等于75巴时的压力值、温度和流量。 
表1
  流   温度℃   压力(巴)   流量(kmol/h)
  11   -130.0   49.1   50000
  13   -161.1   5.3   46724
  16   67.0   30.0   4876
  57   -150.0   49.0   50000
  59   -150.7   5.0   50000
  63   -34.0   50.0   1600
  64   -164.9   1.3   51600
  67   -161.1   1.2   46724
  69   -165.2   1.2   4876
  71   -48.6   1.2   4876
  73   124.0   50.9   31768
  75   35.0   74.7   31768
  77   -38.2   74.2   11496
  79   -38.2   74.2   20272
  81   -150.0   73.6   11496
  83   -155.2   11.0   11496
  85   -132.0   10.9   11496
  87   -130.3   10.9   31768
  89   34.38   10.7   31768
  在图2中，在按本发明的方法中的循环21的效率曲线91根据液化天然气流11的温度值而示出。如该图所示，所述效率高于44％，相对使用称为半开式的反向布雷顿循环的现有技术的方法，这构成显著的收益。 
  该结果用简单的方式得到，因为不需要设置制冷流体的制备及储存部件，所述制冷流体73连续地由所述设备9输送。 
  本发明所示的方法和设备9或可用于新的液化单元，或可用于优化现有液化天然气制备单元的性能。在上述后一种情况中，对于相等的消 耗功率下，除氮液化天然气的制备可提高5％到20％。根据本发明的方法和设备9还可用于提取天然气液体(LGN)的方法中产生的液化天然气的过冷和除氮。 
  图3所示的设备99不同于第一设备9之处在于，位于所述第一交换器下游的所述膨胀阀37被一动力膨胀涡轮101替代，该膨胀涡轮与流产生器103联接。 
  此外，该设备中的液化天然气流的处理方法除数值以外，与所述设备9中实施的方法一样。 
  图3中虚线示出的变型中，乙烷流92与所述被加热的混合流89在该混合流89被引入所述第三压缩级27C之前进行混合。 
  所述循环21的效率因而进一步被提高，如图2的曲线93所示出的。 
  图4示出根据本发明的第三设备104。该设备104不同于所述第二设备99之处在于：该设备104另外包括封闭的第三制冷循环105，该第三制冷循环独立于第一循环17和第二循环21。 
  所述第三循环105包括：次级压缩机107；次级第一冷却器109A和次级第二冷却器109B；膨胀阀111；以及分离瓶113。 
  该循环借助丙烷构成的次级制冷流体流115实现。在低压的气态流115被引入所述压缩机107内，然后在所述冷却器109A和109B内被冷却并压缩达到高压，以形成部分液态的丙烷流117。该流117在所述交换器33内被冷却，然后被引入所述膨胀阀111内，在其中该流被膨胀并形成膨胀的两相丙烷流119。 
  所述流119被引入到所述分离瓶113，以形成提取自所述瓶113基部的液态馏分121。所述馏分(fraction)121被引入所述交换器33内，在此，所述馏分121在被引入到所述瓶113中之前，在所述交换器33内通过与所述流117和所述被压缩的制冷流体流75热交换而被汽化。 
  出自所述瓶113顶部的气态馏分形成所述气态丙烷流115。 
  如图2的曲线123所示，相对所述第一设备9中所实施的方法的效率，所述循环21的效率此时平均提高4％。 
  图5示出根据本发明的第四设备125，其与图4所示的设备的不同在于：所述第三制冷循环105没有所述分离瓶113。因此，出自所述阀111的流119直接被引入到所述第二交换器33，并在该交换器内被完全汽化。 
  此外，所述制冷流体115由乙烷和丙烷的混合物组成。所述流体115内的乙烷含量基本等于丙烷含量。 
  如图2的曲线126所示，当温度低于-130℃时，相对所述第三设备104中所实施的方法的效率，所述第二制冷循环的平均效率因而被提高约0.5％。考虑所述涡轮47产生的能量，相对图1所示装置的总效率为47.5％、图3所示装置的总效率为47.6％、以及图4所示装置的总效率为49.6％，图5所示装置的总效率略高于50％。 

Claims (25)

1.通过第一制冷循环(17)冷却得到的液化天然气流(11)的处理方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(a)将温度低于-100℃的液化天然气流(11)引入第一热交换器(19)内；
(b)在所述第一热交换器内，通过与制冷流体(83)热交换来使液化天然气流(11)过冷，以形成过冷的液化天然气流(57)；以及
(c)使制冷流体(83)经受半开式的第二制冷循环(21)，该第二制冷循环独立于所述第一制冷循环(17)，
其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
(d)在中间涡轮(47)内动力膨胀过冷的液化天然气流(57)，同时保持该过冷的液化天然气流基本呈液态；
(e)将出自所述中间涡轮(47)的流(59)冷却和膨胀，然后将其引入到蒸馏塔(49)内；
(f)回收在所述蒸馏塔(49)的基部的被除氮的液化天然气流(67)，并回收在所述蒸馏塔(49)的顶部的气体流(69)；以及
(g)在级式压缩机(25)内压缩顶部气体流(69)，并自所述压缩机(25)的中间压力级(29D)提取被压缩到中间压力PI的顶部气体流(69)的第一部分(16)，以形成可燃气体流；
并且，其特征还在于，所述第二制冷循环(21)包括以下步骤：
(i)由被压缩到中间压力PI的顶部气体(69)的第二部分形成初始的制冷流体流(73)；
(ii)压缩初始的制冷流体流(73)到高于所述中间压力PI的高压PH，以形成被压缩的制冷流体流(75)；
(iii)在第二热交换器(33)内冷却被压缩的制冷流体流(75)；
(iv)将出自所述第二热交换器(33)的被压缩的制冷流体流(75)分为主要的冷却流(79)和液化天然气过冷流(77)；
(v)先在第三热交换器(35)内、然后在所述第一热交换器(19)内冷却液化天然气过冷流(77)；
(vi)将出自所述第一热交换器(19)的过冷流(81)膨胀达到小于所述中间压力PI的低压PB，以形成基本为液态的液化天然气的过冷流(83)；
(vii)在所述第一热交换器(19)内，汽化基本为液态的液化天然气的过冷流(83)，以形成被加热的过冷流(85)；
(viii)在主涡轮(41)内，将主要的冷却流(79)基本膨胀到所述低压PB，并将出自所述主涡轮(41)的冷却流与被加热的过冷流(85)混合，以形成混合流(87)；
(ix)先在所述第三热交换器(35)内、然后在所述第二热交换器(33)内相继地加热混合流(87)，以形成被加热的混合流(89)；以及
(x)将被加热的混合流(89)引入到所述压缩机(25)内，至位于所述中间压力级(29D)上游的低压级(29C)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述高压PH介于40巴至100巴之间。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述低压PB低于20巴。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(vi)，在液体膨胀涡轮(101)内，将出自所述第一热交换器(19)的过冷流(81)动力膨胀。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(ii)，在联接所述主涡轮(41)的辅助压缩机(39)内，至少部分地压缩初始的制冷流体流(73)。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(i)，将C2烃流(92)引入到所述压缩机(25)内，以形成初始的制冷流体流(73)的一部分。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(iii)，使被压缩的制冷流体流(75)与在所述第二热交换器(33)内流通的次级制冷流体(117)进行热交换，次级制冷流体(117)流通以实现第三制冷循环(105)，在该第三制冷循环中，次级制冷流体在所述第二热交换器(33)的出口处被压缩，使次级制冷流体冷却并且至少部分地冷凝，然后使次级制冷流体在所述第二热交换器(33)内汽化之前进行膨胀。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，次级制冷流体(117)包含丙烷。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(e)的膨胀之前，将出自所述中间涡轮(47)的流与天然气补给流(63)混合，所述天然气补给流在第四热交换器(51)内与顶部气体流(69)热交换而被冷却。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，顶部气体(69)的C2 +含量使得被所述第二热交换器(33)冷却的流为纯气态。
11.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述高压PH在50巴至80巴之间。
12.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述高压PH在60巴至75巴之间。
13.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述次级制冷流体(117)还包含乙烷。
14.通过第一制冷循环(17)冷却得到的液化天然气流(11)的处理设备(9；99；104；125)，该设备(9；99；104；125)包括：
-液化天然气流(11)过冷部件，其包括使液化天然气流与制冷流(83)进行热交换的第一热交换器(19)；以及
-半开式的第二制冷循环(21)，其独立于所述第一制冷循环(15)，
其特征在于，所述设备包括：
-中间涡轮(47)，其使出自所述第一热交换器(19)的过冷液化天然气流(57)动力膨胀；
-冷却和膨胀部件(53，61)，其使出自所述中间涡轮(47)的流(59)冷却和膨胀；
-蒸馏塔(49)，其与所述冷却和膨胀部件(53，61)连接；
-回收所述蒸馏塔(49)基部的除氮液化天然气流(67)的部件，和回收所述蒸馏塔(49)顶部的气体流(69)的部件；
-级式压缩机(25)，其与回收所述蒸馏塔(49)顶部的气体流(69)的部件相连；以及
-为形成可燃气体而提取顶部气体流(69)的第一部分(16)的部件，其安插在所述压缩机(25)的中间压缩级(29D)处；
并且，其特征还在于，所述第二制冷循环(21)包括：
-由压缩至中间压力的顶部气体(69)的第二部分形成初始的制冷流体流(73)的部件；
-初始的制冷流体流(73)的压缩部件(39)，其将初始的制冷流体流压缩到高于所述中间压力PI的高压PH，以形成被压缩的制冷流体流(75)；
-第二热交换器(33)，用以冷却被压缩的制冷流体流(75)；
-分离部件，其将出自所述第二热交换器(33)的被压缩的制冷流体流(75)分离为主要的冷却流(79)和液化天然气的过冷流(77)；
-第三热交换器(35)，用以冷却所述过冷流(77)；
-将出自所述第三热交换器(35)的过冷流(77)引入所述第一热交换器(19)的部件；
-出自所述第一热交换器(19)的过冷流(81)的膨胀部件(37；101)，其使所述过冷流膨胀达到小于所述中间压力PI的低压PB，以形成基本液态的液化天然气过冷流(83)；
-基本液态的液化天然气过冷流(83)的流通部件，其使基本液态的液化天然气过冷流(83)在所述第一热交换器内流通，以形成被加热的过冷流(85)；
-主涡轮(41)，其使主要的冷却流(79)基本膨胀到所述低压PB；
-混合部件，其使出自所述主涡轮(41)的冷却流与被加热的过冷流(85)进行混合以形成混合流(87)；
-混合流(87)的流通部件，其使混合流先在所述第三热交换器(35)内、然后在所述第二热交换器(33)内相继地流通，以形成被加热的混合流(89)；
-将被加热的混合流(89)引入到所述压缩机(25)内至位于所述中间压力级(29D)上游的低压级(29C)的部件。
15.根据权利要求14所述的设备(9；99；104；125)，其特征在于，所述高压PH介于40巴至100巴之间。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的设备(9；99；104；125)，其特征在于，所述低压PB小于20巴。
17.根据权利要求14或15所述的设备(99；104；125)，其特征在于，出自所述第一热交换器(19)的过冷流(81)的膨胀部件(37；101)包括液体膨胀涡轮(101)。
18.根据权利要求14或15所述的设备(9；99；104；125)，其特征在于，所述的初始的制冷流体流(73)的压缩部件(39)包括辅助压缩机(39)，该辅助压缩机与所述主涡轮(41)联接。
19.根据权利要求14或15所述的设备(99)，其特征在于，所述第二制冷循环(21)包括将C2烃流(92)引入到所述压缩机(25)以形成初始的制冷流体流(73)的一部分的部件。
20.根据权利要求14或15所述的设备(104；125)，其特征在于，所述第二热交换器(33)包括次级制冷流体(117)的流通部件，所述设备(104；125)包括第三制冷循环(105)，该第三制冷循环包括：次级压缩部件(107)，其压缩出自所述第三热交换器(33)的次级制冷流体(115)；出自所述次级压缩部件(107)的次级制冷流体(117)的次级冷却和膨胀部件(109，111)；以及，将出自所述次级膨胀部件(111)的次级制冷流体(119)引入所述第二热交换器(33)内的部件。
21.根据权利要求20所述的设备(104；125)，其特征在于，次级制冷流体(117)包含丙烷。
22.根据权利要求14或15所述的设备(9；99；104；125)，其特征在于，所述设备包括：将在所述中间涡轮中经过膨胀的过冷的液化天然气流(59)与天然气的补给流(63)混合的部件；以及第四热交换器(51)，用以使补给流(63)与顶部气体流(69)进行热交换。
23.根据权利要求15所述的设备(9；99；104；125)，其特征在于，所述高压PH在50巴至80巴之间。
24.根据权利要求15所述的设备(9；99；104；125)，其特征在于，所述高压PH在60巴至75巴之间。
25.根据权利要求21所述的设备(104；125)，其特征在于，所述次级制冷流体(117)还包含乙烷。
CN2006800437214A 2005-10-10 2006-10-10 液化天然气流的处理方法和相关装置 Active CN101313188B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0510329A FR2891900B1 (fr) 2005-10-10 2005-10-10 Procede de traitement d'un courant de gnl obtenu par refroidissement au moyen d'un premier cycle de refrigeration et installation associee.
FR0510329 2005-10-10
PCT/FR2006/002273 WO2007042662A2 (fr) 2005-10-10 2006-10-10 Procede de traitement d'un courant de gnl obtenu par refroidissement au moyen d'un premier cycle de refrigeration et installation associee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101313188A CN101313188A (zh) 2008-11-26
CN101313188B true CN101313188B (zh) 2011-05-04

Family

ID=36608772

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2006800437214A Active CN101313188B (zh) 2005-10-10 2006-10-10 液化天然气流的处理方法和相关装置

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US7628035B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1946026B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4854743B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101291220B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101313188B (zh)
CA (1) CA2625577C (zh)
EA (1) EA011605B1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2665743T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2891900B1 (zh)
MY (1) MY152657A (zh)
NZ (1) NZ567356A (zh)
WO (1) WO2007042662A2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2936864B1 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2010-11-26 Technip France Procede de production de courants d'azote liquide et gazeux, d'un courant gazeux riche en helium et d'un courant d'hydrocarbures deazote et installation associee.
DE102008056196A1 (de) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-12 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Stickstoff
CN101508925B (zh) * 2009-03-13 2012-10-10 北京永记鑫经贸有限公司 一种天然气液化工艺
FR2944523B1 (fr) 2009-04-21 2011-08-26 Technip France Procede de production d'un courant riche en methane et d'une coupe riche en hydrocarbures en c2+ a partir d'un courant de gaz naturel de charge, et installation associee
US10132561B2 (en) * 2009-08-13 2018-11-20 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Refrigerant composition control
US9441877B2 (en) 2010-03-17 2016-09-13 Chart Inc. Integrated pre-cooled mixed refrigerant system and method
EP2597406A1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-29 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Method and apparatus for removing nitrogen from a cryogenic hydrocarbon composition
US9097208B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2015-08-04 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. Cryogenic pump system for converting fuel
US11408673B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-08-09 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US11428463B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-08-30 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
CA3140415A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US20150276307A1 (en) * 2014-03-26 2015-10-01 Dresser-Rand Company System and method for the production of liquefied natural gas
CA2855383C (en) * 2014-06-27 2015-06-23 Rtj Technologies Inc. Method and arrangement for producing liquefied methane gas (lmg) from various gas sources
AR105277A1 (es) 2015-07-08 2017-09-20 Chart Energy & Chemicals Inc Sistema y método de refrigeración mixta
FR3038964B1 (fr) 2015-07-13 2017-08-18 Technip France Procede de detente et de stockage d'un courant de gaz naturel liquefie issu d'une installation de liquefaction de gaz naturel, et installation associee
CA2903679C (en) 2015-09-11 2016-08-16 Charles Tremblay Method and system to control the methane mass flow rate for the production of liquefied methane gas (lmg)
WO2017171171A1 (ko) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 대우조선해양 주식회사 선박

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5421165A (en) * 1991-10-23 1995-06-06 Elf Aquitaine Production Process for denitrogenation of a feedstock of a liquefied mixture of hydrocarbons consisting chiefly of methane and containing at least 2 mol % of nitrogen
US6308531B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2001-10-30 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Hybrid cycle for the production of liquefied natural gas

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3323315A (en) * 1964-07-15 1967-06-06 Conch Int Methane Ltd Gas liquefaction employing an evaporating and gas expansion refrigerant cycles
US3531943A (en) * 1965-10-23 1970-10-06 Aerojet General Co Cryogenic process for separation of a natural gas with a high nitrogen content
JPS5121642B2 (zh) * 1972-12-27 1976-07-03
US4012212A (en) * 1975-07-07 1977-03-15 The Lummus Company Process and apparatus for liquefying natural gas
US4225329A (en) * 1979-02-12 1980-09-30 Phillips Petroleum Company Natural gas liquefaction with nitrogen rejection stabilization
US4592767A (en) * 1985-05-29 1986-06-03 Union Carbide Corporation Process for separating methane and nitrogen
US4662919A (en) * 1986-02-20 1987-05-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Nitrogen rejection fractionation system for variable nitrogen content natural gas
US4727723A (en) * 1987-06-24 1988-03-01 The M. W. Kellogg Company Method for sub-cooling a normally gaseous hydrocarbon mixture
FR2725503B1 (fr) * 1994-10-05 1996-12-27 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede et installation de liquefaction du gaz naturel
FR2818365B1 (fr) * 2000-12-18 2003-02-07 Technip Cie Procede de refrigeration d'un gaz liquefie, gaz obtenus par ce procede, et installation mettant en oeuvre celui-ci
FR2826969B1 (fr) * 2001-07-04 2006-12-15 Technip Cie Procede de liquefaction et de deazotation de gaz naturel, installation de mise en oeuvre, et gaz obtenus par cette separation
GB0116977D0 (en) * 2001-07-11 2001-09-05 Boc Group Plc Nitrogen rejection method and apparatus
US6640586B1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2003-11-04 Conocophillips Company Motor driven compressor system for natural gas liquefaction
US6978638B2 (en) * 2003-05-22 2005-12-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Nitrogen rejection from condensed natural gas
US7127914B2 (en) * 2003-09-17 2006-10-31 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Hybrid gas liquefaction cycle with multiple expanders

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5421165A (en) * 1991-10-23 1995-06-06 Elf Aquitaine Production Process for denitrogenation of a feedstock of a liquefied mixture of hydrocarbons consisting chiefly of methane and containing at least 2 mol % of nitrogen
US6308531B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2001-10-30 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Hybrid cycle for the production of liquefied natural gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA011605B1 (ru) 2009-04-28
KR101291220B1 (ko) 2013-07-31
ES2665743T3 (es) 2018-04-27
EA200801047A1 (ru) 2008-08-29
US20070095099A1 (en) 2007-05-03
NZ567356A (en) 2011-04-29
CA2625577C (fr) 2014-08-19
EP1946026A2 (fr) 2008-07-23
FR2891900B1 (fr) 2008-01-04
WO2007042662A2 (fr) 2007-04-19
FR2891900A1 (fr) 2007-04-13
EP1946026B1 (fr) 2018-01-17
JP4854743B2 (ja) 2012-01-18
JP2009512831A (ja) 2009-03-26
US7628035B2 (en) 2009-12-08
WO2007042662A3 (fr) 2007-06-28
MY152657A (en) 2014-10-31
CN101313188A (zh) 2008-11-26
CA2625577A1 (fr) 2007-04-19
KR20080063470A (ko) 2008-07-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101313188B (zh) 液化天然气流的处理方法和相关装置
CN101180509B (zh) 将利用第一冷却循环冷却所获gnl流过冷的方法及相关设备
CN102334001B (zh) 液化方法和系统
CN1206505C (zh) 借助于膨胀冷却液化天然气的方法
CN101413750B (zh) 利用天然气制冷对空气流进行冷压缩的系统
US8616021B2 (en) Natural gas liquefaction process
US5613373A (en) Process and apparatus for cooling a fluid especially for liquifying natural gas
RU2443952C2 (ru) Способ и устройство для сжижения потока углеводородов
RU2392552C1 (ru) Очистка сжиженного природного газа
AU744683B2 (en) Plant for liquefying natural gas
CN1138960C (zh) 工业气体的低温液化方法及其所用装置
CN102405390B (zh) 从天然气原料流生产过冷液化天然气流的方法和相关的设备
CN101948706B (zh) 一种混合制冷剂与氮膨胀组合制冷式天然气液化方法
CN100547326C (zh) 精制天然气、富c3+烃馏分及富乙烷流束的生产方法和设备
CN101228405B (zh) 生产lng的天然气液化方法
US20100024474A1 (en) Method and apparatus for cooling a hydrocarbon stream
US20100011808A1 (en) Method and apparatus for liquefying a hydrocarbon stream
US7096688B2 (en) Liquefaction method comprising at least a coolant mixture using both ethane and ethylene
CN103038587A (zh) 天然气液化方法
CN104019626B (zh) 一种混合冷剂二级制冷制备液化天然气的方法及装置
KR20240032909A (ko) 수소를 액화하기 위한 설비 및 방법
CN116057342A (zh) 用于氢气制冷的设施和方法
US6666046B1 (en) Dual section refrigeration system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant