CN113860868A - 一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113860868A
CN113860868A CN202111261907.XA CN202111261907A CN113860868A CN 113860868 A CN113860868 A CN 113860868A CN 202111261907 A CN202111261907 A CN 202111261907A CN 113860868 A CN113860868 A CN 113860868A
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dielectric ceramic
microwave dielectric
ceramic material
solid solution
ball milling
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唐小能
蒋涛
王飞
谈正
杜乐德
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Pivotone Communication Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法,涉及微波介质陶瓷材料制备技术领域。该微波介质陶瓷材料包括陶瓷基料,其组成为:xRTi03‑(1‑x)(Lal‑ySmy)AL03+zwt%M。其中O.67≤x≤0.82,0≤y≤0.25;O.15≤z≤0.25%;R为Ba或Sr;M为氧化物MgO、Y203、CeO2、MnCO3、Al2O3、ZnO、Nb2O5中的一种或多种的混合物。本发明通过提供工艺简单的制备方法,采用二次球磨、一次锻烧工艺,在1400℃~1450℃烧结,制备了价格较低,工艺稳定且性能优异的微波介质陶瓷:Er:42‑46,QXf>53000GHz,频率温度系数接近于零,其中超高的品质因素为微波器件的小型化做出了重大贡献,且本发明所采用原料成本低,因此具有很大的市场应用价值。

Description

一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及微波介质陶瓷材料制备技术领域,具体为一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
微波介质陶瓷作为介质谐振器、介质滤波器、双工器、介质天线、介质波导传输等微波器件的关键材料,在移动通讯、全球卫星定位系统(GPS)、无线局域网等现代通信技术中得到了广泛应用,市场需求巨大;
目前国外陶瓷介质滤波器生产相对成熟,生产企业主要有美国Trans-Tech公司、日本Murata公司、德国EPCOS公司,从低介到高介己有系列化产品,年产值均达数十亿美元以上。而国内厂家陶瓷介质滤波器发展明显滞后,因为高性能的微波介质陶瓷主要依赖进口,生产成本较高,尤其是对于Er=35~50的中介电常数高性能陶瓷材料及器件的生产在技术水平、产品品种和生产规模上与国外有较大差距,因此发明一种高性能的中介电常数的微波介质陶瓷材料受到越来越多研究者的关注;
微波介质陶瓷是指应用于微波频段电路中作为介质材料并完成一项或多项功能的陶瓷材料。近年来,微波介质陶瓷已经成为实现微波波导、介质隔离和介质谐振的关键材料,在谐振器、滤波器、微波介质天线、稳频振荡器和移相器等微波通讯系统中的关键元器件中得到了商业化应用。随着微波技术在无线通讯和卫星通讯系统中的应用得到重视,高频段微波逐步放开民用限制,以及4G/5G网络、Wimax、数字电视、汽车电子、无线局域网和卫星导航等通讯领域新技术不断涌现,微波介质陶瓷在新型通讯领域的发展前景十分辽阔;
目前,微波技术发展倾向于实现微波元器件小型化、集成化、频率高端化和低成本化。与之对应的,对微波介质陶瓷的研究趋向于开发中介电常数材料,实现中介电常数微波介质陶瓷的低损耗化;
为实现适中介电常数的微波介质陶瓷,具有较高的Q*f值以及零的谐振频率温度系数,近年来,国内外研究学者和企业做了大量的工作。其中介电常数接近45的体系包括Nenasheva等人发现的CaTiO3-NdAlO3体系(其介电常数εr=44,Q*f=32200GHz,温漂τf=0.8ppm/℃);Kucheiko等人发现的Ca(Al1/2Nb1/2)O3-CaTiO3体系(其介电常数εr=45.3,Q*f=29600GHz,温漂τf=-1.0ppm/℃);
但是,上述体系的Q*f值都偏低,且烧结温度均高于1300,无法满足要求,而为实现低损耗化,Jawahar等人和Okawa等人分别对复杂六方钙钛矿结构陶瓷进行改性,分别得到Q*f值为46000GHz和50215GHz的SrLa4Ti4O15和BaLa4Ti4O15微波介质陶瓷,但是均存在介电常数距离45偏差过大和温漂不可调的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料,所述高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的组成包括:xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03+zwt%M;
所述x的取值范围为O.67≤x≤0.82;
所述y的取值范围为0≤y≤0.25;
所述z的的取值范围为O.15≤z≤0.25%;
所述R为Ba或Sr;
所述M为金属氧化物MgO、Y203、CeO2、MnCO3、Al2O3、ZnO、Nb2O5中的一种或多种的混合物。
优选的,所述高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的介电常数为42-46,品质因数不小于46000GHz,谐振频率温度系数为-1~+10ppm/℃。
优选的,所述高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的结构为正交钙铁矿结构。
一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法,用于上述任意一项,至少包括以下步骤:
S1:将原料R的碳酸盐、氧化铝、氧化镧、氧化衫、和二氧化钛按照材料的组成:
xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03称重后,加入球磨介质和溶剂进行一次球磨,得到一次球磨后的原料;
S2:将一次球磨后的原料烘干并研磨,得到粉料;
S3:对粉料进行煅烧,得到煅烧后的粉料;
S4:取选定量的所述xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03煅烧粉和添加剂混合得到混合料,并加入水、分散剂和表面活性剂进行球磨预混合分散,并进行砂磨再分散处理;
S5:将砂磨后的物料加入胶水并进行喷雾造粒,并将造粒后的粉体过60目筛,即得造粒粉体;
S6:将所述S5中得到的造粒粉体压制成型,在1400~1450℃下烧结3~6小时,得到中介微波介质陶瓷材料。
优选的,所述粉料倒入坩埚后进行煅烧。
优选的,所述对分料进行煅烧的温度为1180℃-1220℃,优选为1200℃,这里,如果煅烧温度过高,会导致预烧料硬度过高,不利于之后二次球磨的操作;如果煅烧温度过低,会导致无法合成所需物质,对最终样品的性能会产生不利影响。
优选的,所述S1中的一次球磨工艺参数为:料球质量比为1.2~2.5,转速为220~260rpm,球磨时间为20-30小时,其所述S1加工过程中分散剂和表面活性剂的加入量占所述混合料质量的0.2~1.0wt%,球磨后在80~150℃的烘箱里烘干,所述S1中的所述球磨介质常为锆球或玛瑞球,所述S1步骤中的的所述溶剂为纯水。
优选的,所述S4中的二次球磨工艺参数为:料球质量比为1.2~2.5;转速为220~260rpm;球磨时间为8-15小时。
优选的,所述S5中所述胶水包括聚乙烯醇和PEG400两种为胶粘成分,且内部添加脱模剂和消泡剂,控制所述胶水中的总含胶量为3-10wt%。
优选的,所述S6中压制成型压力为100-300MPa。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明通过提供工艺简单的制备方法,采用二次球磨、一次锻烧工艺,在1400℃~1450℃烧结,制备了价格较低,工艺稳定且性能优异的微波介质陶瓷:Er:42-46,QXf>53000GHz,频率温度系数接近于零,其中超高的品质因素为微波器件的小型化做出了重大贡献,且本发明所采用原料成本低,因此具有很大的市场应用价值。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03+zwt%M制备工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
实施例一:
一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料,高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的组成包括:xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03+zwt%M;
x的取值范围为O.67≤x≤0.82;
y的取值范围为0≤y≤0.25;
z的的取值范围为O.15≤z≤0.25%;
R为Ba或Sr;
M为金属氧化物MgO、Y203、CeO2、MnCO3、Al2O3、ZnO、Nb2O5中的一种或多种的混合物
高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的介电常数为42-46,品质因数不小于46000GHz,谐振频率温度系数为-1~+10ppm/℃;
高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的结构为正交钙铁矿结构;
实施例二:
一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料及其制备方法,用于上述实施例一,至少包括以下步骤:
S1:将原料R的碳酸盐、氧化铝、氧化镧、氧化衫、和二氧化钛按照材料的组成:
xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03称重后,加入球磨介质和溶剂进行一次球磨,得到一次球磨后的原料;
S2:将一次球磨后的原料烘干并研磨,得到粉料;
S3:对粉料进行煅烧,得到煅烧后的粉料;
S4:取选定量的xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03煅烧粉和添加剂混合得到混合料,并加入水、分散剂和表面活性剂进行球磨预混合分散,并进行砂磨再分散处理;
S5:将砂磨后的物料加入胶水并进行喷雾造粒,并将造粒后的粉体过60目筛,即得造粒粉体;
S6:将S5中得到的造粒粉体压制成型,在1400~1450℃下烧结3~6小时,得到中介微波介质陶瓷材料。
粉料倒入坩埚后进行煅烧;
对分料进行煅烧的温度为1180℃-1220℃,优选为1200℃,这里,如果煅烧温度过高,会导致预烧料硬度过高,不利于之后二次球磨的操作;如果煅烧温度过低,会导致无法合成所需物质,对最终样品的性能会产生不利影响;
S1中的一次球磨工艺参数为:料球质量比为1.2~2.5,转速为220~260rpm,球磨时间为20-30小时,其S1加工过程中分散剂和表面活性剂的加入量占混合料质量的0.2~1.0wt%,球磨后在80~150℃的烘箱里烘干,S1中的球磨介质常为锆球或玛瑞球,S1步骤中的的溶剂为纯水;
S4中的二次球磨工艺参数为:料球质量比为1.2~2.5;转速为220~260rpm;球磨时间为8-15小时;
S5中胶水包括聚乙烯醇和PEG400两种为胶粘成分,且内部添加脱模剂和消泡剂,控制胶水中的总含胶量为3-10wt%;
S6中压制成型压力为100-300MPa。
实施例三:
按式xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03,经过以下步骤制备:
第一步:选用碳酸钡、氧化铝、氧化镧、氧化衫、二氧化钛为原料,按照配方称量,以锆球为球磨介质,水为溶剂,料球质量比为1:2,转速为250r/min混合球磨24小时后在120℃烘箱里烘干,得到干燥粉体;
第二步:将得到的干燥粉体在1200℃下煅烧3小时得到煅烧粉体;
第三步:将M(MgO)添加到煅烧粉体中,加入水、分散剂和表面活性剂进行球磨预混合分散,并进行砂磨再分散处理;将砂磨后的物料加入胶水和消泡剂进行喷雾造粒,并将造粒后的粉体过60目筛,即得造粒粉体;
第四步:将上步得到的造粒粉体压制成型,压制生坯尺寸:φ30mm*15mm,在空气气氛中进行,烧结方便,烧结温度为1420℃,烧结时间为3-6小时。
第五步:采用美国安捷仑网络分析仪,测试介电常数、品质因素及频率温度系数。
表1:xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03陶瓷组分与性能表
编号 x(mol) y(mol) Z(wt%) 烧结温度℃ 保温时间H Er Qf(GHz) Tf(ppm/℃)
1 0.65 0.25 0 1400 4 43.80 52668 +8.4
2 0.67 0.25 0 1400 4 45.22 50236 +9.2
3 0.65 0.25 0 1420 4 44.68 53755 +4.6
4 0.67 0.25 0 1420 4 45.51 52698 +5.8
5 0.65 0.25 0 1440 4 44.51 52760 +8.9
6 0.67 0.25 0 1440 4 45.43 49895 +9.5
表2:添加剂成分与性能表
Figure BDA0003326073280000071
由表2可知,其中最好的性能是Er=44.56,QXf=53853GHz,Tf=+1.3ppm/℃,本发明的微波介质陶瓷粉可制成微波介质陶瓷,具体可应用于制备微波元器件,如谐振器、滤波器、介质天线、介质导波回路中等微波元器件的制造,可满足卫星通信、移动通信等系统的技术需求。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。

Claims (10)

1.一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料,其特征在于:所述高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的组成包括:xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03+zwt%M;
所述x的取值范围为O.67≤x≤0.82;
所述y的取值范围为0≤y≤0.25;
所述z的的取值范围为O.15≤z≤0.25%;
所述R为Ba;
所述M为金属氧化物混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料,其特征在于:所述高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的介电常数为42-46,品质因数不小于46000GHz,谐振频率温度系数为-1~+10ppm/℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料,其特征在于:所述高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的结构为正交钙铁矿结构。
4.一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的制备方法,用于上述权利要求1-3任意一项,其特征在于:至少包括以下步骤:
S1:将原料R的碳酸盐、氧化铝、氧化镧、氧化衫、和二氧化钛按照材料的组成:
xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03称重后,加入球磨介质和溶剂进行一次球磨,得到一次球磨后的原料;
S2:将一次球磨后的原料烘干并研磨,得到粉料;
S3:对粉料进行煅烧,得到煅烧后的粉料;
S4:取选定量的所述xRTi03-(1-x)(Lal-ySmy)AL03煅烧粉和添加剂混合得到混合料,并加入水、分散剂和表面活性剂进行球磨预混合分散,并进行砂磨再分散处理;
S5:将砂磨后的物料加入胶水并进行喷雾造粒,并将造粒后的粉体过60目筛,即得造粒粉体;
S6:将所述S5中得到的造粒粉体压制成型,在1400~1450℃下烧结3~6小时,得到中介微波介质陶瓷材料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述粉料倒入坩埚后进行煅烧。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述对分料进行煅烧的温度为1180℃-1220℃。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S1中的一次球磨工艺参数为:料球质量比为1.2~2.5,转速为220~260rpm,球磨时间为20-30小时,其所述S1加工过程中分散剂和表面活性剂的加入量占所述混合料质量的0.2~1.0wt%,球磨后在80~150℃的烘箱里烘干,所述S1中的所述球磨介质常为锆球,所述S1步骤中的的所述溶剂为纯水。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S4中的二次球磨工艺参数为:料球质量比为1.2~2.5;转速为220~260rpm;球磨时间为8-15小时。
9.根据权利要求4所述的一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S5中所述胶水包括聚乙烯醇和PEG400两种为胶粘成分,且内部添加脱模剂和消泡剂,控制所述胶水中的总含胶量为3-10wt%。
10.根据权利要求4所述的一种高性能固溶体微波介质陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S6中压制成型压力为100-300MPa。
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