CN113748775B - Method for promoting germination of murraya paniculata seeds - Google Patents
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting germination of murraya paniculata seeds, which comprises the following steps: putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a screening machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket to be stirred, cleaned, dried and collected, soaking the dried clean murraya paniculata seeds for 0.5-3 minutes by using 98% concentrated sulfuric acid to carry out delinting treatment, washing the delinted murraya paniculata seeds by using running water, soaking the cleaned seeds into a cytokinin solution with the mass concentration of 20-30 mg/L, further removing dormancy of the murraya paniculata seeds by using a low-temperature lamination method, and soaking the seeds into a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 1-5 ppm. And (3) putting the mixture into a carbendazim solution with the mass volume ratio of 0.1-0.2% for treatment. Thereby, the germination rate of slightly old seeds is about 92 percent, and the invention is suitable for slightly old overstocked seeds and brings certain benefits to both the breeder and the users who actually use the seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for pre-treating seeds before field sowing, in particular to a method for promoting germination of murraya paniculata seeds.
Background
Murraya paniculata, a small arbor or shrub of Rutaceae, is distributed in Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan, Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, four provinces in Yunnan, and southern part of autonomous region. The Murraya paniculata is a small arbor; the trunk and the twigs are white gray or light yellow gray and have slight luster; axillary growth and apical growth of inflorescence; the small leaves are dark green, the leaves are glossy, and the shape of the egg or the egg is in the shape of a needle. The groundsel is fond of warm and humid climate, is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, and is suitable for cultivation in slightly alkaline soil with sufficient sunlight, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil.
The murraya paniculata seeds are rich in surface villi, easy to rot and low in germination rate under natural conditions in the sowing process, so that the yield is increased by selecting mature and plump new seeds for sowing in the conventional artificial planting process, but a large amount of slightly old murraya paniculata seeds are not required to be eaten by people, and the waste of resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for promoting germination of murraya paniculata seeds, which is a method for increasing the survival rate of slightly old murraya paniculata seeds and has important significance for reducing resources and saving planting cost.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring, cleaning, airing and collecting,
(2) and soaking the dried clean murraya paniculata seeds for 0.5-3 minutes by using 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for delinting, and washing the concentrated sulfuric acid by flowing water from the delinted murraya paniculata seeds.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps,
(3) soaking the cleaned seeds in a cytokinin solution with the mass concentration of 20-30 mg/L for 12-24 hours,
(4) further releasing dormancy of the murraya paniculata seeds by a low-temperature lamination method, taking out the seeds obtained in the step (3), putting the seeds into an air-permeable container mixed with wet sand, preserving the seeds at 0-4 ℃, then pouring the seeds in the air-permeable container into a bucket with a screen to separate the sand, taking out the screen, placing the screen in the shade for air drying,
(5) and (5) soaking the seeds treated in the step (4) in a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 1-5 ppm for 2-4 h.
(6) And (4) putting the seeds treated in the step (5) into a carbendazim solution with the mass volume ratio of 0.1-0.2% for treatment.
Further, the stirring and cleaning in the water bucket of the seeds are carried out for 2 times, and the seeds are stirred for 3-15 min at the speed of 35rpm of a speed reducing motor each time.
Further, the ventilating container is shallow basket, and the used wet sand matrix is river sand with the content of 50%.
Further, the cytokinin solution is 6-BA.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the germination rate of traditional sowing is about 55-60%, the germination rate of the seeds soaked in the cytokinin solution without being treated by the concentrated sulfuric acid solution is only about 63-70%, the germination rate of the seeds soaked in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution and the cytokinin solution is slightly higher than about 77-84%, and the germination rate of the seeds soaked in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution and the germination rate of the seeds soaked in the cytokinin solution reach about 91-93%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the effect of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid on the seeds of Murraya paniculata after 0.5min, 1min, 1.5min, 2.5min, and 3min respectively.
FIG. 2 shows the pre-experimental growth from germination to seedling growth of Murraya paniculata seeds treated with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 2 min.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of using 98% concentrated sulfuric acid on germination of Murraya paniculata in different treatment periods, wherein A, the concentrated sulfuric acid is used for treating for 0min, and the germination condition is 10 days later; B. treating with concentrated sulfuric acid for 1min, and germinating after 10 days; C. treating with concentrated sulfuric acid for 2min, and germinating after 10 days.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the growth of seeds after 15 days when the seeds of Murraya paniculata are treated with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 2 min.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
because the villi on the surface of the murraya paniculata seeds are rich, the germination rate is low under natural conditions, in the germination accelerating process, in order to ensure that the old murraya paniculata seeds germinate smoothly, the physical dormancy of the murraya paniculata seeds needs to be finished, the epidermis is dry, and the villi on the dried epidermis cannot cause excessive influence on germination in principle, but in practical application, after the seeds are soaked, the physiological dormancy of the seeds is released (nutrition is absorbed), and the activity is recovered to cause the villi on the seeds to influence the germination. In this embodiment, experimental studies were carried out using the method for promoting germination of murraya paniculata seeds according to the present invention, and the influence of each factor on the germination effect was investigated.
Preliminary experiments
In the experiment, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is used for delinting the murraya paniculata seeds, and the germination rate of the murraya paniculata seeds is tested. Firstly, a series of preliminary experiments determine the more appropriate duration of concentrated sulfuric acid treatment, a control group without concentrated sulfuric acid treatment is selected, concentrated sulfuric acid soaking treatment is carried out for 1min and concentrated sulfuric acid soaking treatment is carried out for 2min, three groups of experiments are carried out, each group is provided with 3 parallels, and each parallels tests 50 seeds.
As a result, the germination rate of the concentrated sulfuric acid treated for 2min is 71.33%, and the germination potential is 54.67%; treating with concentrated sulfuric acid for 1min to obtain a germination rate of 44.67% and a germination potential of 22.67%; the control group was not treated with concentrated sulfuric acid, and had a germination rate of 34.00% and a germination potential of 15.33%. The experimental result shows that the germination effect of the murraya paniculata seeds is obviously promoted by soaking the murraya paniculata seeds for 2min by using 98% concentrated sulfuric acid.
TABLE 198 Effect of concentrated sulfuric acid treatment on Murraya paniculata seed Germination
Example 1
A method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring and cleaning for 12min, changing water flow once, timing again, stirring and cleaning for 12min, and then drying in the air;
s2: the aired murraya paniculata seeds obtained in the step S1 are respectively soaked in a 25mg/L cytokinin 6-BA solution for 1h (treatment 1), 3h (treatment 2), 6h (treatment 3), 9h (treatment 4) and 12h (treatment 5),
s3: putting the seeds of the groundsel into a barrel, pouring the seeds into a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 3ppm for treatment,
s4: placing the seeds of the murraya paniculata in a germination box, culturing at 17 ℃, illuminating for 12 hours every day with the illumination intensity of 16001x, keeping the seeds in the germination box moist during the illumination, and counting the germination result of the seeds of the murraya paniculata after 10 days.
TABLE 1 results of statistics of germination of Murraya paniculata seeds after 10 days in example 1
Example 2
A method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring and cleaning for 12min, changing water flow once, timing again, stirring and cleaning for 12min, and then drying in the air;
s2: soaking the aired murraya paniculata seeds obtained in the step S1 in a 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution for 2min, and washing off concentrated sulfuric acid on the surfaces of the seeds by water flow;
s2: putting the aired murraya paniculata seeds obtained in the step S1 into a 25mg/L cytokinin 6-BA solution to be respectively soaked for 1h (treatment 6), 3h (treatment 7), 6h (treatment 8), 9h (treatment 9) and 12h (treatment 10),
s4: the seeds of the murraya paniculata are put into a barrel and poured into a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 3ppm for treatment,
s5: placing the seeds of the murraya paniculata in a germination box, culturing at 17 ℃, illuminating for 12 hours every day with the illumination intensity of 16001x, keeping the seeds in the germination box moist during the illumination, and counting the germination result of the seeds of the murraya paniculata after 10 days.
TABLE 2 results of germination statistics of Murraya paniculata seeds after 10 days in example 2
As can be seen from the results in tables 1 and 2, the germination rate of the seeds of murraya paniculata after the seeds were soaked in concentrated sulfuric acid and the cytokinin solution was higher than that of the treated group soaked only in the cytokinin solution.
Example 3
A method for promoting germination of seeds of murraya paniculata comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring and cleaning for 12min, changing water flow once, timing again, stirring and cleaning for 12min, and then drying in the air;
s2: placing the aired murraya paniculata seeds obtained in the step S1 into a 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution to be soaked for 1min, 2min and 3min respectively, and then washing off concentrated sulfuric acid on the surfaces of the seeds through water flow; the treated seeds are shown in figure 1;
s3: soaking the cleaned seeds in 25mg/L cytokinin 6-BA solution for 12 hours,
s4: putting the seeds of the groundsel into a barrel, pouring the seeds into a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 3ppm for treatment,
s5: placing the seeds of the groundsel in a germination box, culturing at 17 ℃, irradiating for 12 hours every day with the irradiation intensity of 16001x, keeping the seeds in the germination box moist during the period, and counting the germination result of the seeds of the groundsel after 10 days, as shown in figure 3. Wherein, the group treated by concentrated sulfuric acid for 2min from the seed to the germination and transplanting process is shown in fig. 2 and 4.
TABLE 3 result of statistics of germination of seeds of Murraya paniculata after 10 days in example 3
| Soaking time in concentrated sulfuric acid | Number of sprouts | Number of non-germinated plants | Number of mildews |
| 1min | 34 | 16 | 0 |
| 2min | 37 | 13 | 1 |
| 3min | 39 | 5 | 6 |
As can be seen from the results in Table 3, the seeds soaked in the concentrated sulfuric acid for 3min have the highest germination rate, but the mildewed number is obviously increased, and the seeds soaked in the concentrated sulfuric acid for 3min are easy to corrode and damage the epidermis by cutting and checking the mildewed seeds and the ungerminated seeds.
Example 4
A method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring and cleaning for 12min, changing water flow once, timing again, stirring and cleaning for 12min, and then drying in the air;
s2: placing the aired murraya paniculata seeds obtained in the step S1 into a 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution to be soaked for 1min, 2min and 3min respectively, and then washing off concentrated sulfuric acid on the surfaces of the seeds through water flow;
s3: soaking the cleaned seeds in 25mg/L cytokinin 6-BA solution for 12 hours,
s4: taking out, mixing in wet sand, and storing at 1 deg.C for 3 days;
s5: placing the seeds of the murraya paniculata in a germination box, culturing at 17 ℃, illuminating for 12 hours every day with the illumination intensity of 16001x, keeping the seeds in the germination box moist during the illumination, and counting the germination result of the seeds of the murraya paniculata after 10 days.
Table 4 results of statistics of germination of murraya paniculata seeds after 10 days in example 4
| Soaking time in concentrated sulfuric acid | Number of sprouts | Number of non-germinated plants | Number of mildews | Number of sprouts during storage |
| 1min | 36 | 14 | 0 | 0 |
| 2min | 40 | 9 | 1 | 1 |
| 3min | 44 | 4 | 2 | 9 |
As can be seen from the results in Table 4, the germination percentage was significantly increased over Table 3 by cold storage for three days without reaching the limit temperature of the seeds of Murraya koenigii, but the germination number was increased with the increase of the soaking time with concentrated sulfuric acid during the storage period, and it was analyzed that the villi of the epidermis dropped and the epidermis was reduced to some extent after the soaking with concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the epidermis was more likely to react with the cytokinin solution.
Example 5
A method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring and cleaning for 12min, changing water flow once, timing again, stirring and cleaning for 12min, and then drying in the air;
s2: placing the aired murraya paniculata seeds obtained in the step S1 into a 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution to be soaked for 1min, 2min and 3min respectively, and then washing off concentrated sulfuric acid on the surfaces of the seeds through water flow;
s3: soaking the cleaned seeds in cytokinin solution 6-BA with the mass concentration of 25mg/L for 12-24 hours,
s4: taking out, mixing in wet sand, and storing at 0-4 ℃ for 3 days;
s5: separating sand and mixing with 3ppm gibberellin solution for 20 min;
s6: placing the seeds of the murraya paniculata in a germination box, culturing at 17 ℃, illuminating for 12 hours every day with the illumination intensity of 16001x, keeping the seeds in the germination box moist during the illumination, and counting the germination result of the seeds of the murraya paniculata after 10 days.
TABLE 5 results of statistics on germination of seeds of Murraya paniculata after 10 days in example 5
| Soaking time in concentrated sulfuric acid | Actual number of sprouts | Number of non-germinated plants | Number of mildews | Number of sprouts during storage |
| 1min | 37 | 13 | 2 | 0 |
| 2min | 43 | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| 3min | 38 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
As can be seen from the results in Table 5, the germination percentage of the seeds is obviously increased to 92% compared with that of the seeds in Table 4 by adding the gibberellin solution treatment to the example 4, while the sowing germination percentage of the slightly old seeds is only about 55-60%.
Example 6
A method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: placing the seeds of the groundsel into a sieving machine to select full seeds, placing the full seeds into a bucket, stirring and cleaning for 12min, changing water flow once, timing again, stirring and cleaning for 12min, and drying;
s2: placing the aired murraya paniculata seeds obtained in the step S1 into a 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution to be soaked for 1min, 2min and 3min respectively, and then washing off concentrated sulfuric acid on the surfaces of the seeds through water flow;
s3: soaking the cleaned seeds in cytokinin solution 6-BA with the mass concentration of 25mg/L for 12-24 hours,
s4: taking out, mixing in wet sand, and storing at 0-4 ℃ for 3 days;
s5: separating sand and mixing with 3ppm gibberellin solution for 20 min;
s6: the seeds are put into a carbendazim solution with the mass volume ratio of 0.1 percent for treatment.
S7: placing the seeds of the murraya paniculata in a germination box, culturing at 17 ℃, illuminating for 12 hours every day with the illumination intensity of 16001x, keeping the seeds in the germination box moist during the illumination, and counting the germination result of the seeds of the murraya paniculata after 10 days.
TABLE 6 results of germination statistics of Murraya paniculata seeds after 10 days in example 6
| Soaking time in concentrated sulfuric acid | Actual number of sprouts | Number of non-germinated plants | Number of mildews | Number of sprouts during storage |
| 1min | 38 | 11 | 1 | 0 |
| 2min | 45 | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| 3min | 44 | 6 | 0 | 4 |
As can be seen from Table 6, after the treatment of carbendazim, the mildew phenomenon of the plants hardly occurs.
Example 7
A method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring, cleaning, airing and collecting,
(2) soaking the dried clean murraya paniculata seeds in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 0.5 minute to carry out delinting treatment, and washing the concentrated sulfuric acid from the delinted murraya paniculata seeds by running water;
(3) soaking the cleaned seeds in a cytokinin solution with the mass concentration of 20-30 mg/L for 12 hours,
(4) further releasing dormancy of the murraya paniculata seeds by a low-temperature lamination method, taking out the seeds obtained in the step (3), putting the seeds into an air-permeable container mixed with wet sand, preserving the seeds at the temperature of 0 ℃, then pouring the seeds in the air-permeable container into a bucket with a screen to separate the sand, taking out the screen, placing the screen in the shade for air drying,
(5) and (5) soaking the seeds treated in the step (4) in a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 1ppm for 2-4 h.
(6) And (4) putting the seeds treated in the step (5) into a carbendazim solution with the mass volume ratio of 0.1% for treatment.
Example 7
A method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring, cleaning, airing and collecting,
(2) soaking the dried clean murraya paniculata seeds for 3 minutes by using 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for delinting treatment, and washing the concentrated sulfuric acid from the delinted seeds by flowing water;
(3) soaking the cleaned seeds in a cytokinin solution with the mass concentration of 30mg/L for 24 hours,
(4) further releasing dormancy of the murraya paniculata seeds by a low-temperature lamination method, taking out the seeds obtained in the step (3), putting the seeds into a ventilating container mixed with wet sand, preserving the seeds at 0-4 ℃, then pouring the seeds in the ventilating container into a bucket with a screen to separate the sand, taking out the screen, placing the screen in the shade, and drying in the air,
(5) and (5) soaking the seeds treated in the step (4) in a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 5ppm for 4 hours.
(6) And (4) putting the seeds treated in the step (5) into a carbendazim solution with the mass volume ratio of 0.2% for treatment.
Claims (4)
1. A method for promoting germination of Murraya paniculata seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the murraya paniculata seeds into a sieving machine to select full seeds, putting the full seeds into a bucket, stirring, cleaning, airing and collecting,
(2) soaking the dried clean murraya paniculata seeds for 0.5-3 minutes by using 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for delinting treatment, and washing the concentrated sulfuric acid from the delinted murraya paniculata seeds by flowing water;
(3) soaking the cleaned seeds in a cytokinin solution with the mass concentration of 20-30 mg/L for 12-24 hours,
(4) further releasing dormancy of the murraya paniculata seeds by a low-temperature lamination method, taking out the seeds obtained in the step (3), putting the seeds into an air-permeable container mixed with wet sand, preserving the seeds at 0-4 ℃, then pouring the seeds in the air-permeable container into a bucket with a screen to separate the sand, taking out the screen, placing the screen in the shade for air drying,
(5) soaking the seeds treated in the step (4) in a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 1-5 ppm for 2-4 h;
(6) and (4) putting the seeds treated in the step (5) into a carbendazim solution with the mass volume ratio of 0.1-0.2% for treatment.
2. The method for promoting germination of seeds of groundsel of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the stirring and cleaning in the seed bucket is 2 times, and the seeds are stirred for 3-15 min at the speed of 35rpm of a speed reducing motor each time.
3. The method for promoting germination of seeds of murraya paniculata according to claim 1, wherein: the ventilating container is made of wicker basket, and the used wet sand matrix is river sand with the content of 50%.
4. The method for promoting germination of seeds of murraya paniculata according to claim 1, wherein: the cytokinin solution is 6-BA.
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