CN113737344B - 一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱 - Google Patents

一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱 Download PDF

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CN113737344B
CN113737344B CN202110868593.3A CN202110868593A CN113737344B CN 113737344 B CN113737344 B CN 113737344B CN 202110868593 A CN202110868593 A CN 202110868593A CN 113737344 B CN113737344 B CN 113737344B
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沈建炳
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Zhejiang Longshida Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱，属于纺织技术领域。本发明包括：氨纶包覆纱本体。所述的氨纶包覆纱本体主要由氨纶长丝和包覆在所述氨纶长丝上的锦纶长丝组成；所述的氨纶长丝为抗菌防臭氨纶长丝。本发明通过使用季铵化卤胺改性氧化石墨烯复合材料与Zn2SnO4(OVS‑BZSO)，采用二浸二轧整理工艺对氨纶长丝进行抗菌防臭整理，能够起到抗菌防臭的效果，而且还可以避免氨纶长丝色光不匀、黄变老化品质不良等问题的发生，使用领域得到了较大的开拓。抗菌锦纶长丝的设计，使用了天然抗菌剂及光触媒添加剂，增强了本发明的抗菌效果，而且光触媒添加剂的使用不仅能够起到除臭效果，还有助于净化甲醛等有害气体。

Description

一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱
技术领域
本发明涉及一种功能性纱线，属于纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱。
背景技术
近年来随着人们生活水平的不断提升，面料乃至纱线的功能附加值也越来越受到重视。功能性纱线的开发成为了其中一个热点课题。赋予纱线功能性的方法包括使用天然纤维、在合成纤维纺丝液中添加功能性成分、或染色整理阶段使用功能整理剂等。氨纶包覆纱是由长丝或短纤纱按螺旋形的方式对伸长状态的氨纶裸丝予以包覆而形成的弹力纱，因其具有优良的回复性而广泛应用于服装、鞋袜等领域。
在人们的生活环境中，细菌无处不在，人体皮肤及衣物都是细菌滋生繁衍的场所。这些细菌以汗水等人体排泄物为营养源，不断进行繁殖，同时排放出臭味很浓的氨气。因此，在生活领域使用抗菌防臭纤维就显得很有必要。在现有的研究中，如专利文献CN110387919A中提出了一种具有抗菌除臭功能的氨纶包覆纱的方法，所述的氨纶包覆纱是由芯丝氨纶长丝和鞘丝锦纶长丝组成，且氨纶长丝中含有凤尾草提取物、沸石、氧化锌中的一种或几种功能性成分，具有持久的抗菌除臭效果，解决了普通抗菌除臭包覆纱洗涤后功能持续性不良等问题。又如专利文献CN106192119A中公开了一种抗菌锦纶包覆纱，本体主要由锦纶长丝和包覆在所述锦纶长丝上的氨纶丝组成，锦纶长丝中植入有抗菌PP母粒，具有抗菌效果，但由于氨纶丝为包覆层，较多的暴露在纱体外层，容易在加工过程中摩擦损伤，造成疲劳断裂等情况发生，又或者染色加工时由于上色性的差异而产生差异性的色光降低等级。
再如专利文献CN106149139A中公开了一种复合锦纶除臭包覆纱，内芯为2根不同色系的锦纶长丝、包覆层为一组纳米竹炭纤维及两组锦纶长丝，具有除臭抗菌功能，但由于其不具有弹性，应用范围受到了很大限制。
就现有技术而言，发明一种具有抗菌除臭性的氨纶包覆纱是必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供具有优越的抗菌消臭功能且效果持久、无色差、外观品质优良的一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱。
本发明的技术方案：
本发明公开了一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱，包括氨纶包覆纱本体。
所述的氨纶包覆纱本体主要由氨纶长丝和包覆在所述氨纶长丝上的锦纶长丝组成；
所述的氨纶长丝为抗菌防臭氨纶长丝。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案，相对于所述包覆纱，所述氨纶长丝的含量为10-25wt％。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案，采用二浸二轧整理工艺对所述的氨纶长丝进行抗菌防臭整理，工艺流程包括：浸渍抗菌防臭整理剂→脱水→烘干。其中浸渍条件为50-70℃，浸渍时间为30-60min，浴比为1:10；烘干温度为80-110℃。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案，相对于氨纶长丝，所述抗菌防臭整理剂配方包括：
SCJ系列抗菌整理剂30-40g/L；
季铵化卤胺改性氧化石墨烯复合材料0.5-1.5wt％；
Zn2SnO4(OVS-BZSO)0.5-1.5wt％；
柔软剂适量；
吸附剂1.0-5.0wt％。
其中，所述的吸附剂材质为多孔吸附材料。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案，所述锦纶长丝为抗菌锦纶长丝。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案，所述的抗菌锦纶长丝制备包括以下步骤：
S1、抗菌母粒的制作：抗菌剂的合成→抗菌系统复配→造粒。
S2、抗菌锦纶长丝制造：抗菌母粒+锦纶切片→共混→纺丝→卷绕→拉伸→后处理。
其中，所述的抗菌剂包括甲壳素、光触媒添加剂、沸石、氧化锌中的一种或几种功能性成分；后处理过程包括抗菌后整理，使用的抗菌整理剂为SCJ-920。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过采用二浸二轧整理工艺对氨纶长丝进行抗菌防臭整理，采用的吸附剂及SCJ-2000能够起到抗菌防臭的效果，而且还可以避免氨纶长丝色光不匀、黄变老化品质不良等问题的发生，使用领域得到了较大的开拓。抗菌锦纶长丝的设计，使用了天然抗菌剂及光触媒添加剂，增强了本发明的抗菌效果，而且光触媒添加剂的使用不仅能够起到除臭效果，还有助于净化甲醛等有害气体。本发明的抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱具有广谱抗菌性强、抗菌效果持久、除臭效率高的优点。使用抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱制成的服饰，不仅具有良好的抗菌效果，还能抵挡细菌在衣物上的附着，从某种角度上很好地降低了细菌疾病交叉传播和感染的威胁。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例来进一步说明本发明，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱，包括，氨纶包覆纱本体。所述的氨纶包覆纱本体主要由氨纶长丝和包覆在所述氨纶长丝上的锦纶长丝组成；所述的氨纶长丝为抗菌防臭氨纶长丝。
本发明中，优选的，相对于所述包覆纱，所述氨纶长丝的含量为10-25wt％。氨纶长丝含量过低的话，有可能出现抗菌或消臭功能下降的现象；氨纶长丝含量过高的话，有可能出现氨纶外露的现象。
本发明中，采用二浸二轧整理工艺对所述的氨纶长丝进行抗菌防臭整理，工艺流程包括：浸渍抗菌防臭整理剂→脱水→烘干。其中浸渍条件为50-70℃，浸渍时间为30-60min，浴比为1:10；烘干温度为80-110℃。
本发明中，相对于氨纶长丝，所述抗菌防臭整理剂配方包括：
Figure GDA0003848345140000041
其中，所述的吸附剂材质为多孔吸附材料，如沸石、陶瓷多孔材料等。多孔吸附材料具有较高的比表面积，吸附效果好。
所述的季铵化卤胺改性氧化石墨烯复合材料制作过程如下：
将高分子聚合物季铵化N-卤胺通过季铵化反应接枝到GO上，丰富杀菌途径，提高杀菌效果。以GO纳米片为聚合物骨架，采用原位自由基聚合法合成了聚4-乙烯基吡啶接枝的氧化石墨烯(GO-VP)，然后通过季铵化反应了接枝3-溴丙基-5-5-二甲基海因，制备了季铵化N-卤胺改性氧化石墨烯(GO-VPBHD)，经过氯化后完成了季铵化N-卤胺改性氧化石墨烯纳米抗菌材料(GO-VPBHD-Cl)的制备。
氧化石墨烯(GO)，季铵盐(QAs)和N-卤胺联合使用，可提高抗菌活性，并结合他们的多种灭菌机制提高杀菌效率。GO可以提供更丰富的灭菌途径和更大的比表面积，有利于季铵化N-卤胺的接枝。充分利用了氧化石墨烯的物理杀菌、季铵盐的电荷吸附、N-卤胺的再利用和高效杀菌等优点。
进一步的，所述的Zn2SnO4(OVS-BZSO)为光催化吸附剂，光照条件下具有吸附空气中NO的作用，同时，其活跃的吸附位点能够吸附空气中的含氮类物质。所述的Zn2SnO4(OVS-BZSO)是采用一锅水热法制备出具有多面体结构的Bi(NPS)与氧空位缺陷(OVS)共修饰的Zn2SnO4(OVS-BZSO)。与纯ZSO催化剂相比，Zn2SnO4(OVS-BZSO)的吸附效率有较大提升，OVS的引入可以促进表面电子重构，这有利于为小分子吸附提供活性位点。而且在温湿环境下带正电锌离子会破坏细菌细胞液的渗透压，从而间接导致细菌的死亡，起到抗菌的作用。
再进一步的，所述的季铵化卤胺改性氧化石墨烯复合材料具有良好的协同杀菌作用，同时可重复循环使用，制备过程中不使用烈性的有机溶剂，对环境更加友好；复合材料中的卤素元素还具有一定的阻燃作用。更重要的是，所述的季铵化卤胺改性氧化石墨烯复合材料与Zn2SnO4(OVS-BZSO)中游离的Zn2+相结合，由于GO的大比表面、活性位点多，游离的Zn2+与GO的羟基、羧基、环氧基等含氧官能团组合形成类似于氧化锌的稳定电子团，可以起到紫外吸收的作用，在能量吸收与释放过程中达到稳定。
将本发明的抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱编织后进行剪裁，规格为40cm×40cm的样品，按照GB/T18830-2009《纺织品防紫外线性能的评定标准》进行紫外测试，紫外线防护系数UPF可达50以上。
本发明中，所述锦纶长丝为抗菌锦纶长丝。优选的，所述的抗菌锦纶长丝制备包括以下步骤：
S1、抗菌母粒的制作：抗菌剂的合成→抗菌系统复配→造粒。
S2、抗菌锦纶长丝制造：抗菌母粒+锦纶切片→共混→纺丝→卷绕→拉伸→后处理。其中，所述的抗菌剂包括甲壳素、光触媒添加剂、沸石、氧化锌中的一种或几种功能性成分；后处理过程包括抗菌后整理，使用的抗菌整理剂为SCJ-920。
选用锦纶长丝包覆在所述氨纶长丝上，主要是考虑到锦纶具备良好的模量，而且分子链段结合性好，能够抵抗长时间的氧化，性能不易老化降低。本发明中抗菌锦纶长丝选用甲壳素为天然抗菌剂，具有天然抗菌作用，无需经过特定的超细化加工；光触媒添加剂能在光照射下产生强氧化性的物质(如羟基自由基、氧气等)，并且可用于分解有机化合物、部分无机化合物、细菌及病毒等；选用沸石成分是基于它的多孔结构，具有较高比表面积和吸附性能，能够对臭味气体起到吸附锁定，从而消除外界中臭气含量。选用氧化锌是基于其在温湿环境下可游离出带正电锌离子会破坏细菌细胞液的渗透压，从而间接导致细菌的死亡，起到抗菌的作用；另一方面氧化锌化学稳定性相比较一般离子抗菌的金属氧化物稳定，由其引发的颜色和机械性能变化相对较慢。
经SCJ-920抗菌后整理的长丝具有广谱的抗菌防臭效果，它对多种细菌、真菌具有抑制作用，如对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等有害病菌具有很强的抗菌活性。其原理是抗菌分子中的正电子和带负电荷的微生物中的磷酯体的唾液酸结合，限制微生物的生命活动，而其抗菌基团穿入微生物的细胞，抑制DNA转录为RNA，从而阻止细胞分裂。这是一种健康的抗菌方法，不影响天然的生态平衡；同时SCJ-920也有很好的护肤效果和吸湿及保湿性能。而且SCJ-920具有良好的保湿性能，其回潮率可达15％以上，可大大改善合成纤维织物的吸水性，达到吸湿快干的目的。因SCJ-920具备良好的吸湿及保湿性和离子性，可有效散导纤维表面的电荷，消除静电累积现象，使织物表面的电压下降，从而达到抗静电的效果。
本发明所涉及的各特性按下面的方法测试。
(1)抗菌性
参考日本纺织工业标准JISL1902:2005菌液吸收法。
(2)除臭性
参照日本社团及法人纤维评价技术协议会(SEK)制定的工业标准。
下面结合实施例及比较例对本发明进行更详细、完整地描述。
比较例
(1)制备抗菌防臭氨纶长丝：在氨纶抗菌防臭整理剂中仅添加30-40g/L的SCJ系列抗菌整理剂，适量的柔软剂。采用二浸二轧整理工艺后进行脱水、烘干；
(2)制备抗菌锦纶长丝：按照“抗菌母粒+锦纶切片→共混→纺丝→卷绕→拉伸→后处理”工艺流程制备抗菌锦纶长丝；
(3)包覆加工：氨纶牵伸倍率4.0倍，捻度550捻/米；
得到的氨纶包覆纱，具体参数见表1。
表1
Figure GDA0003848345140000081
注*“抗菌活性值”越大，表示抗菌性越好。
由表1可以看出，在同等条件下添加有季铵化卤胺改性氧化石墨烯复合材料与Zn2SnO4(OVS-BZSO)的氨纶包覆纱具有优异的抗菌除臭性能。而且在经过洗涤后，仍能保持稳定的抗菌除臭性能。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱，包括氨纶包覆纱本体，其特征在于：
所述的氨纶包覆纱本体主要由氨纶长丝和包覆在所述氨纶长丝上的锦纶长丝组成；
所述的氨纶长丝为抗菌防臭氨纶长丝；
所述氨纶长丝采用二浸二轧整理工艺进行抗菌防臭整理，工艺流程包括：浸渍抗菌防臭整理剂→脱水→烘干；
其中，相对于氨纶长丝，所述抗菌防臭整理剂配方包括：
Figure FDA0003848345130000011
其中，所述的吸附剂材质为多孔吸附材料；所述季铵化卤胺改性氧化石墨烯复合材料制备过程如下：
以GO纳米片为聚合物骨架，采用原位自由基聚合法合成了聚4-乙烯基吡啶接枝的氧化石墨烯(GO-VP)，然后通过季铵化反应了接枝3-溴丙基-5-5-二甲基海因，制备了季铵化N-卤胺改性氧化石墨烯(GO-VPBHD)，经过氯化后得到季铵化N-卤胺改性氧化石墨烯纳米抗菌材料(GO-VPBHD-Cl)的制备。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱，其特征在于，相对于包覆纱，所述氨纶长丝的含量为10-25wt％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱，其特征在于，所述抗菌防臭整理的浸渍条件为50-70℃，浸渍时间为30-60min，浴比为1:10；烘干温度为80-110℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱，其特征在于，所述锦纶长丝为抗菌锦纶长丝。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗菌除臭氨纶包覆纱，其特征在于，所述的抗菌锦纶长丝制备包括以下步骤：
S1、抗菌母粒的制作：抗菌剂的合成→抗菌系统复配→造粒，
S2、抗菌锦纶长丝制造：抗菌母粒+锦纶切片→共混→纺丝→卷绕→拉伸→后处理，
其中，所述的抗菌剂包括甲壳素、光触媒添加剂、沸石、氧化锌中的一种或几种功能性成分；后处理过程包括抗菌后整理，使用的抗菌整理剂为SCJ-920。
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