CN113713856B - 光敏COFs催化剂及催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法 - Google Patents
光敏COFs催化剂及催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113713856B CN113713856B CN202111010081.XA CN202111010081A CN113713856B CN 113713856 B CN113713856 B CN 113713856B CN 202111010081 A CN202111010081 A CN 202111010081A CN 113713856 B CN113713856 B CN 113713856B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- AMNPXXIGUOKIPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(carbamothioylamino)phenyl]thiourea Chemical compound NC(=S)NC1=CC=C(NC(N)=S)C=C1 AMNPXXIGUOKIPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Substances CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
- B01J31/063—Polymers comprising a characteristic microstructure
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- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/633—Pore volume less than 0.5 ml/g
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
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- C07F9/18—Esters of thiophosphoric acids with hydroxyaryl compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
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- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
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- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
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- C07F9/3205—Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/3229—Esters of aromatic acids (P-C aromatic linkage)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
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- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
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- C07F9/32—Esters thereof
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Abstract
本发明提供了光敏COFs催化剂及催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,所述光敏COFs催化剂以1,3,6,8‑四‑(4‑醛基苯基)‑芘和1,1'‑[1,4‑亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1‑含氮杂环鎓)盐为原料,在碱的作用下通过溶剂热方法合成;以光敏COFs为催化剂,以取代的膦氧衍生物、硫醇衍生物为反应物,在空气或氧气环境中于室温、有溶剂并加光照条件下反应1‑30小时,反应结束后,将反应溶剂移除,再通过柱层析分离法或重结晶法获得硫代磷酸酯类衍生物。本发明反应属于多相催化反应,催化剂稳定性好,催化活性高,反应效率高,可多次循环利用,合成工艺简捷,产物选择性高,副产物少,环境友好,具有较强的工业应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及硫代磷酸酯类衍生物合成技术领域,具体涉及一种光敏COFs催化剂及催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法。
背景技术
具有S-P(O)键的硫代膦酸酯类衍生物由于其独特的结构和多样的生物学性质,在有机合成、药物化学、材料科学、农化和生物科学等领域发挥着重要的建设性作用,其中一些已被广泛用作杀虫剂、抗菌剂、酶抑制剂等一系列功能性产品的重要前体。然而,这些硫代磷酸的经典方法通常含有苛刻的反应条件(例如,潮湿敏感、有毒溶剂、强碱等),或受多步反应步骤和官能团耐受性等限制。近年来,在Pd(J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2016,138,5825)、Ni(J.Org.Chem.,2019,84,4179)、Fe(Org.Biomol.Chem.,2018,16,4236)、Cu(Synthesis,2013,45,2323;Chem.Commun.,2014,50,10879;中国专利CN 112010897 A)、碱(Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,2017,56,2487;Tetrahedron,2017,73,3133;RSCAdv.,2015,5,71544;中国专利CN 106928272 A;中国专利CN 106905361 A)、有机分子(Green Chem.,2014,16,357;Green Chem.,2015,17,314;Chem.-Eur.J.,2017,23,6259;Green Chem.,2017,19,1128;Org.Biomol.Chem.,2018,16,30;Org.Lett.2021,23,1541;中国专利CN111606945 A)、硅胶(Org.Biomol.Chem.,2019,17,9757)等辅助下,甚至在光催化(Org.Lett.,2016,18,5114)或电催化(Chem.Commun.,2019,55,4981)条件下,由S-H和H-P(O)键形成S-P(O)键的研究取得了很大进展。但这些反应是在均相催化体系下进行的,催化剂或促进剂不能重复使用,影响了其工业应用。为了克服上述局限性,满足硫代膦酸盐日益增长的需求,开发含S-P(O)键化合物的非均相合成方法迫在眉睫,且充满了挑战。
自2005年Omar Yaghi报道第一例共价有机骨架(COF)结构以来,新型COFs因其大比表面积、低密度和高热稳定性而受到越来越多的关注。后来,功能性COFs在环境修复、大气集水、气体储存和分离、能量储存、化学传感器、光电子学、生物医学、以及催化等方面都取得了长足的进展。使用COFs材料作为热催化、电催化、光催化反应的催化剂,已在国内外吸引了广泛的研究兴趣。其中,COFs具有多孔有序、π-π叠加作用、层次结构和大表面积等特点,这有助于使其具有非凡的光捕获和能量转换能力,因此COFs是一种极具发展潜力的多相光催化剂。遗憾的是,大多数光敏COFs都用于CO2还原和光解水的半反应,未见有以COFs作为多相光催化剂,用于催化P(O)H化合物与硫醇的氧化交叉偶联反应,最终合成磷酸酯衍生物的报道。
发明内容
本发明提出了光敏COFs催化剂及催化合成的硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,解决了目前合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物方法存在的只在均相催化体系下进行,催化剂或促进剂不能重复使用,影响工业应用等技术问题。
本发明以1,3,6,8-四-(4-醛基苯基)-芘和1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-含氮杂环鎓)盐为单体合成新的光敏COFs,其中单体中的芘基团和含氮杂环鎓盐都具有良好的光敏活性,以这两种单体为原料合成的新的光敏COFs具有优秀的光催化活性。
实现本发明的技术方案是:
本发明的光敏COFs催化剂,所述光敏COFs催化剂以1,3,6,8-四-(4-醛基苯基)-芘和1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-含氮杂环鎓)盐为原料,在碱的作用下通过溶剂热方法合成,再通过HY或NH4Y溶液浸泡处理获得,反应式为:
所述1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-含氮杂环鎓)盐的结构式为:其中含氮杂环为吡啶、嘧啶、噻唑、苯并噻唑、咪唑、喹啉中的一种;所述的X-阴离子为氯离子、溴离子、碘离子中的一种。
所述光敏COFs催化剂的结构式为:所述的Y-阴离子为氟离子、氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、六氟磷酸根离子、高氯酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子、硝酸根离子中的一种。
所述溶剂热法用溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、邻二甲苯、均三甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、石油醚、环己烷、正己烷、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷或二氯甲烷中的一种或几种;所述的碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、磷酸钾中的一种或几种;所述的反应温度为80-200℃,反应时间为5-100小时;1,3,6,8-四-(4-醛基苯基)-芘和1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-含氮杂环鎓)盐的摩尔比为1:(2-5)。
光敏COFs催化剂催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,步骤为:以光敏COFs为催化剂,以取代的膦氧衍生物、硫醇衍生物为反应物,在空气或氧气环境中于室温、有溶剂并加光照条件下反应1-30小时,反应结束后,将反应溶剂移除,再通过柱层析分离法或重结晶法获得硫代磷酸酯类衍生物。
所述取代的膦氧衍生物结构式为R1、R2为含有取代基的芳基、含有取代基的杂环基或含有取代基的烷基中的任意一种,R1、R2可相同,也可不同。
所述硫醇衍生物的结构式为R3-SH,其中R3为含有取代基的芳基、含有取代基的杂环基或含有取代基的烷基中的任意一种。
所述取代基为芳基、杂环基、烷基、烷氧基、羟基、氨基、乙酰氨基、硝基、磺酰基、腈基、多氟烷基、卤素原子中的一种或几种;所述的芳基为苯基、萘基、菲基或芘基中的一种,所述的杂环基为呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、噻唑基或咪唑基中的一种,所述的烷基为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、异丙基、叔丁基、或环己基中的一种。
所述取代的膦氧衍生物和硫醇衍生物的质量比为1:(0.16-5),光敏COFs催化剂的用量为膦氧衍生物质量的0.005-0.5倍。
所述溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、邻二甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、石油醚、环己烷、正己烷、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷或二氯甲烷中的一种或几种。
所述的光照为太阳光、白光、红光、蓝光、绿光、紫光、紫外光、红外光、激光灯自然或人造光中的一种或几种。
本发明中合成反应结束后,后处理工艺过程没有特别限定,先将反应混合液过滤,过滤后的滤渣经溶剂洗涤可得到COFs催化剂重复利用;之后再将滤液的溶剂移除,再通过柱层析分离法或重结晶法获得目标产物。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明反应属于多相催化反应,催化剂稳定性好,可多次循环利用,且多次循环使用后催化剂活性没有明显的变化;催化活性高,反应效率高;硫代磷酸酯合成工艺简单快捷,底物适用性广;产物选择性高,副产物少,废物少;无过渡金属参与,环境友好;具有较强的工业应用前景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为光敏COF-1经XRD和BET测试;(a)光敏COF-1的XRD测试图谱;(b)光敏COF-1的BET测试图谱。
图2和3为实施例1制备的目标化合物1的核磁氢谱和碳谱;
图4和5为实施例2制备的目标化合物2的核磁氢谱和碳谱;
图6和7为实施例3制备的目标化合物3的核磁氢谱和碳谱。
图8和9为实施例4制备的目标化合物4的核磁氢谱和碳谱。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
(1)光敏COF-1催化剂的合成
光敏COFs-1的合成:将1,3,6,8-四-(4-醛基苯基)-芘(0.08mmol,49.5mg)、1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-吡啶鎓)二氯盐(0.16mmol,53.1mg)、6M叔丁醇钾水溶液(150uL)以及邻二氯苯/正丁醇(体积比2:1)混合溶剂1.5mL加入10mL安瓿瓶中。将安瓿瓶浸入液氮冷冻5min,在冷冻条件下接入真空泵抽气5min,停止抽气,将安瓿瓶置于室温直至瓶中液体融化。再将上述“冷冻-抽气-融化”操作2次。将安瓿瓶冷冻,于抽气情况下将安瓿瓶瓶颈加热密封。将密封后的安瓿瓶置于室温下使液体完全融化,将安瓿瓶置于事先加热到150℃的烘箱中,静置反应72h。反应结束后,恢复至室温,将反应混合液过滤,然后用蒸馏水(20mL*3)洗涤,接下来再将滤渣转移到装有2M六氟磷酸铵水溶液(20ml)的烧瓶中,在室温条件下搅拌12h。搅拌结束后,再将混合液过滤,然后用蒸馏水(20mL*3)和四氢呋喃(20mL*3)洗涤,置于100℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,取出恢复到室温,得光敏COFs-1,产量为98.0mg,产率为79.6%。
如图1所示,光敏COF-1经XRD和BET测试:XRD结果中4.54°明显的峰证明光敏COF-1具有良好的结晶性,BET测试结果显示的光敏COF-1的比表面积为42.75m2g–1,孔体积为0.082cm3g–1,证明光敏COF-1具有多孔结构。
(2)目标化合物1的合成:
在100ml烧瓶中称取1g二苯基膦氧、1.2g对甲基苯硫酚、20mg光敏COF-1催化剂、30g乙醇。向其中加入搅拌子,然后在日光灯照射下于25℃空气气氛下搅拌8h。待反应结束后,通过过滤将催化剂移除,用旋转蒸发仪将滤液溶剂移除,然后通过柱层析分离法即可获得硫代磷酸酯衍生物1 1.31g,产率85%。
目标化合物1的核磁数据:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.88-7.82(m,4H),7.52-7.48(m,2H),7.47-7.41(m,4H),7.33-7.31(m,2H),7.00(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.25(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ139.2(d,J=2.5Hz),135.4(d,J=3.7Hz),132.7(d,J=106.9Hz),132.2(d,J=3.1Hz),131.6(d,J=10.2Hz),129.9(d,J=1.7Hz),128.5(d,J=12.7Hz),122.3(d,J=5.2Hz),21.1.
将反应后的过滤移除的光敏COF-1催化剂用四氢呋喃(20mL*3)洗涤,置于100℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,取出恢复到室温,然后接着投入到反应中,如此循环5次,该催化剂的光催化活性也没有见明显的下降(第五次产率为83%)。
实施例2
光敏COF-1催化剂的合成如实施例1中的操作步骤。
目标化合物2的合成:在100ml烧瓶中称取202mg二苯基膦氧、320mg 2-萘硫酚、5mg光敏COF-1催化剂、5g DMF。向其中加入搅拌子,然后在紫外光照射下于25℃空气气氛下搅拌6h。待反应结束后,通过过滤将催化剂移除,用旋转蒸发仪将滤液溶剂移除,然后通过柱层析分离法即可获得硫代磷酸酯衍生物2292mg,产率81%。
目标化合物2的核磁数据:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.99(s,1H),7.91-7.85(m,4H),7.75-7.67(m,3H),7.52-7.41(m,9H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ135.3(d,J=5.0Hz),133.5(d,J=1.6Hz),132.9(d,J=1.2Hz),132.5(d,J=107.0Hz),132.3(d,J=3.0Hz),131.6(d,J=10.3Hz),131.5(d,J=3.3Hz),128.6(d,J=1.1Hz),128.5(d,J=13.2Hz),127.8,127.6,126.8,126.4,123.4(d,J=5.3Hz).
将反应后的过滤移除的光敏COF-1催化剂用四氢呋喃(20mL*3)洗涤,置于100℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,取出恢复到室温,然后接着投入到反应中,如此循环5次,该催化剂的光催化活性也没有见明显的下降(第五次产率为79%)。
实施例3
光敏COF-1催化剂的合成如实施例1中的操作步骤。
目标化合物3的合成:
在100ml烧瓶中称取708mg双(4-苯基苯基)氧化膦、500mg对甲基苯硫酚、8mg光敏COF-1催化剂、7g乙腈、7g水。向其中加入搅拌子,然后在LED蓝光灯照射下于25℃空气气氛下搅拌12h。待反应结束后,通过过滤将催化剂移除,用旋转蒸发仪将滤液溶剂移除,然后通过柱层析分离法即可获得硫代磷酸酯衍生物3 743mg,产率78%。
目标化合物3的核磁数据:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.98-7.92(m,4H),7.70-7.67(m,4H),7.62-7.60(m,4H),7.49-7.45(m,4H),7.42-7.38(m,4H),7.04(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),2.27(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ145.0(d,J=3.0Hz),139.8,139.2(d,J=2.3Hz),135.4(d,J=3.7Hz),132.2(d,J=10.6Hz),131.3(d,J=108.7Hz),130.0(d,J=1.4Hz),129.0,128.2,127.2,127.2(d,J=13.8Hz),122.3(d,J=5.2Hz),21.2.
将反应后的过滤移除的光敏COF-1催化剂用四氢呋喃(20mL*3)洗涤,置于100℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,取出恢复到室温,然后接着投入到反应中,如此循环5次,该催化剂的光催化活性也没有见明显的下降(第五次产率为74%)。
实施例4
光敏COF-1催化剂的合成如实施例1中的操作步骤。
目标化合物4的合成:
在100ml烧瓶中称取1g二苯基膦氧、0.95g对甲基苯硫酚、20mg光敏COF-1催化剂、30g四氢呋喃。向其中加入搅拌子,然后在白光照射下于25℃空气气氛下搅拌8h。待反应结束后,通过过滤将催化剂移除,用旋转蒸发仪将滤液溶剂移除,然后通过柱层析分离法即可获得硫代磷酸酯衍生物4 1.20g,产率82%。
目标化合物4的核磁数据:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.79-7.72(m,4H),7.33-7.30(m,2H),7.00(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.95-6.91(m,4H),3.83(s,6H),2.26(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ162.6(d,J=3.0Hz),138.9(d,J=2.1Hz),135.2(d,J=3.7Hz),133.6(d,J=11.8Hz),129.9(d,J=1.4Hz),124.1(d,J=114.4Hz),123.0(d,J=5.1Hz),114.0(d,J=14.2Hz),55.4,21.2.
将反应后的过滤移除的光敏COF-1催化剂用四氢呋喃(20mL*3)洗涤,置于100℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,取出恢复到室温,然后接着投入到反应中,如此循环5次,该催化剂的光催化活性也没有见明显的下降(第五次产率为79%)。
按实施例1相同的方法合成光敏COFs催化剂,其各种反应条件和反应结果见表1。
表1不同条件下合成各种光敏COFs催化剂a
a.催化剂的合成按如下的量进行:1,3,6,8-四-(4-醛基苯基)-芘(单体1,0.08mmol),1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-含氮杂环鎓)盐(单体2,2-5当量),碱(150ul),溶剂(1.5mL),HY或NH4Y(20mL)。
按实施例1相同的方法合成含有S-P(O)键的有机物,其各种反应条件和反应结果见表2。
表2不同条件下合成各种含有S-P(O)键的有机物a
由以上实施例可知,采用本发明的制备方法,有广泛的底物使用性,且产率能达到中等以上,该制备方法所采用的光敏COFs催化剂不会对环境造成污染,催化活性高,反应效率高,催化剂结构稳定,多次使用后催化剂活性没有明显的变化。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种光敏COFs催化剂,其特征在于:所述光敏COFs催化剂以1,3,6,8-四-(4-醛基苯基)-芘和1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-含氮杂环鎓)盐为原料,在碱的作用下通过溶剂热方法合成,再通过HY或NH4Y溶液浸泡处理获得;
所述1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-含氮杂环鎓)盐的结构式为:,其中含氮杂环为吡啶、嘧啶、噻唑、苯并噻唑、咪唑、喹啉中的一种;所述的X-阴离子为氯离子、溴离子、碘离子中的一种;
所述光敏COFs催化剂的结构式为:,所述的Y-阴离子为氟离子、氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、六氟磷酸根离子、高氯酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子、硝酸根离子中的一种;
所述溶剂热法用溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、邻二甲苯、均三甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、石油醚、环己烷、正己烷、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷或二氯甲烷中的一种或几种;所述的碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、磷酸钾中的一种或几种;所述的反应温度为80-200 oC,反应时间为5-100小时;1,3,6,8-四-(4-醛基苯基)-芘和1,1'-[1,4-亚苯基双(亚甲基)]双(1-含氮杂环鎓)盐的摩尔比为1:(2-5)。
2.权利要求1所述的光敏COFs催化剂催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,其特征在于:以光敏COFs为催化剂,以取代的膦氧衍生物、硫醇衍生物为反应物,在空气或氧气环境中于室温、有溶剂并加光照条件下反应1-30小时,反应结束后,将反应溶剂移除,再通过柱层析分离法或重结晶法获得硫代磷酸酯类衍生物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光敏COFs催化剂催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述取代的膦氧衍生物结构式为,R1、R2为含有取代基的芳基、含有取代基的杂环基或含有取代基的烷基中的任意一种,R1、R2可相同,也可不同。
4.根据权利要求3所述的光敏COFs催化剂催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述硫醇衍生物的结构式为,其中R3为含有取代基的芳基、含有取代基的杂环基或含有取代基的烷基中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的光敏COFs催化剂催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述取代基为芳基、杂环基、烷基、烷氧基、羟基、氨基、乙酰氨基、硝基、磺酰基、腈基、多氟烷基、卤素原子中的一种或几种;所述的芳基为苯基、萘基、菲基或芘基中的一种,所述的杂环基为呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、噻唑基或咪唑基中的一种,所述的烷基为甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、异丙基、叔丁基或环己基中的一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的光敏COFs催化剂催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述取代的膦氧衍生物和硫醇衍生物的质量比为1:(0.16-5),光敏COFs催化剂的用量为膦氧衍生物质量的0.005-0.5倍。
7.根据权利要求5所述的光敏COFs催化剂催化合成硫代磷酸酯类衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、邻二甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、石油醚、环己烷、正己烷、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷或二氯甲烷中的一种或几种;所述的光照为太阳光、白光、红光、蓝光、绿光、紫光、紫外光、红外光、激光灯中的一种或几种。
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