CN113667323B - 一种染料化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种染料化合物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种染料化合物的制备方法,将1,5‑二氨基‑4,8‑二羟基蒽醌与2‑氯胺盐反应,得到中间产物;中间产物与两端为羧基的化合物反应,得到染料化合物,为RedNucleusⅡ染料。本发明公开的RedNucleus Ⅱ远红外染料,该染料具有更好的光谱特性,不受紫外激发,也不与PE及PE同系物重叠发射,与PE连用时无需补偿调节,可完美解决现有7‑AAD带来的技术问题;关键是本发明试剂盒测试时无需设置两种染料的单染补偿管,无需进行两种染料间的补偿调节,这不仅节省了广大实验人员的宝贵时间,也让实验步骤不再繁琐,从而利于产业化应用。
Description
本发明为发明名称为RedNucleusⅡ染料及其制备方法与基于该染料的细胞凋亡检测试剂盒、申请日为2019年11月21日、申请号为2019111499637发明申请的分案申请,为染料制备方法部分。
技术领域
本发明属于试剂盒技术,具体涉及Annexin V-PE/ RedNucleusⅡ凋亡检测试剂盒,用于定量分析检测细胞凋亡。
背景技术
细胞凋亡(apoptosis)是指细胞为维持内环境稳定,更好地适应生存环境而主动争取的由基因控制的细胞自主性死亡。在机体的胚胎发育,组织修复,内环境稳定的方面起分厂重要的作用。目前细胞凋亡的检测方法主要有3大类:形态学观察,生化特征检测,流式细胞术定量分析。细胞凋亡有许多特征是重叠的,因此更加需要一种精确的检测方法验证细胞具体的死亡方式,流式细胞术定量分析法因其在检测细胞凋亡时简单、快速,灵敏性高和准确性好的特点,成为检测细胞凋亡的主要手段。
流式细胞术定量分析检测细胞凋亡的方法主要有DNA含量分析法、AnnexinV法、线粒体膜电位检测法、钙离子浓度检测法,其中AnnexinV法的灵敏性与准确性是相对来说较高的一种测试方法。目前市面上常见的AnnexinV法试剂盒有Annexin V-PE/7-AAD双染试剂盒,将标记了的Annexin V与7-AAD匹配使用,便可用流式细胞术将细胞的早期凋亡与晚期凋亡区分开,但PE与7-AAD这两种染料的光谱重叠较大,使用时两种染料之间的补偿较大,因此必须要设置的两种染料的单染补偿管,调节补偿后才能不影响实验结果。这样的实验方法使实验步骤十分繁琐,并且会消耗更长的实验时间,对细胞的状态有很大的影响,以致最终的实验结果不准确。
发明内容
PS)发生特异性结合的特点,将Annexin 本发明试剂盒提供一种RedNucleus Ⅱ的远红外染料,该染料具有更好的光谱特性,不受紫外激发,也不与PE及PE同系物重叠发射,与PE连用时也无需补偿调节,可完美替代7-AAD,进行细胞凋亡检测;利用Annexin V进行荧光素PE标记,而RedNucleus Ⅱ属于核酸荧光染料,它不能透过正常细胞膜,只能进入已破损的细胞膜,可以定量分析检测细胞凋亡。 V能与细胞发生早凋后由膜内外翻到膜外的磷脂酰丝氨酸(Phosphatidylserine,
本发明采用如下技术方案:
染料化合物,具有如下化学结构式:
其中,X为桥接基团;Z为烷基;R1、R2、R3独立的选自小于8个碳的烷基或者环烷基。
本发明中,Y为配位阴离子,为常规技术,比如卤素。
本发明中,X为包括1~30个碳且任选含有杂原子的烷基。优选的,杂原子为N或者O;杂原子位于X的支链和/或者主链上。
本发明中,Z为含有1~10个碳原子的直链烷基。
本发明公开了上述染料化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,5-二氨基-4,8-二羟基蒽醌与氯胺盐反应,得到中间产物;
(2)中间产物与两端为羧基的化合物反应,得到染料化合物。
本发明中,氯胺盐的化学结构式如下:
n为整数,优选0~9;
中间产物的化学结构式如下:
n为整数,优选0~9;
两端为羧基的化合物的结构式为:HOOC-X-COOH,其中X为包括1~30个碳且任选含有杂原子的烷基。优选的,杂原子为N或者O;杂原子位于X的支链和/或者主链上。
本发明中,步骤(1)的反应在有机溶剂中进行,反应温度为110~130,优选120℃。
本发明中,步骤(2)中,先在氮气保护下,将氯化亚砜滴入溶有两端为羧基的化合物的二氯甲烷中,搅拌后浓缩至干,然后加入DMF溶剂,再加入中间产物、N,N-二异丙基乙胺;然后室温下反应,得到染料化合物。优选的,氯化亚砜、两端为羧基的化合物、中间产物、N,N-二异丙基乙胺的摩尔比为15.8∶5.3∶10∶23.5。
本发明中,氯胺盐的化学结构式如下:
两端为羧基的化合物为羧基二聚乙二醇羧基。
优选的,所述羧基二聚乙二醇羧基的化学结构式如下:
其中,m为0~5。
本发明公开了上述染料化合物在制备细胞凋亡检测试剂盒中的应用;或者上述染料化合物在细胞凋亡检测中的应用;或者上述细胞凋亡检测试剂盒在细胞凋亡检测中的应用。
本发明公开了一种细胞凋亡检测试剂盒,包括染料以及常规组分;所述染料由上述染料化合物、可以与磷脂酰丝氨酸结合的染料组成。
本发明公开的细胞凋亡检测试剂盒的制备方法为,将染料以及常规组分组合得到细胞凋亡检测试剂盒;所述染料由上述染料化合物、可以与磷脂酰丝氨酸结合的染料组成。
本发明还公开了细胞凋亡检测的方法,将可以与磷脂酰丝氨酸结合的染料、上述染料化合物加入细胞混悬液中,吹打后室温避光孵育;然后进行荧光检测,完成细胞凋亡检测。
本发明中,可以与磷脂酰丝氨酸结合的染料为Annexin V-PE。Annexin V是一种分子量为35~36KD的钙离子依赖性磷脂结合蛋白,通过将Annexin-V进行荧光素PE标记,以标记了的Annexin V作为荧光探针与凋亡早期细胞外侧暴露的PS结合,通过流式细胞术来检测细胞早期凋亡的发生。
PS)从细胞膜内侧翻转到细胞膜表面,暴露在细胞外环境中,将细胞悬液染色,利用流式细胞术区分正常细胞,凋亡细胞,坏死细胞,具有灵敏性高,准确性好的优势。现有技术将Annexin V-PE与7-AAD联合使用时,PE与7-AAD这两种染料的光谱重叠略大,实验使用时两种染料之间的补偿较大,必须要分别设置的两种染料的单染补偿管,进行荧光补偿调节去除光谱重叠,才能不影响后续实验结果。本发明试剂盒中,Annexin 在细胞发生凋亡时,细胞膜的通透性增加,但其通透程度介于正常细胞与坏死细胞之间,在细胞凋亡早期,磷脂酰丝氨酸(Phosphatidylserine, V-PE染料可选择性的结合细胞早期凋亡时,从细胞内侧翻转至细胞外侧的PS,在一定波长激发的情况下检测出处于早期凋亡状态的细胞;对于坏死细胞,由于细胞完整性已经被破坏,Annexin V-PE则可以进入胞浆与处于磷脂层内侧的PS结合,从而也使坏死细胞呈现红色荧光;另外本发明RedNucleus II 是一种远红光染料,不能透过活细胞和早期凋亡细胞完整的细胞膜,是非渗透性的,但是可以快速染色死亡和透化细胞中的细胞核/dsDNA。RedNucleus II是一种理想的碘化丙啶 ( PI ) 和7-AAD的替代物,与PE联用,无需补偿调节,具有更好的光谱特性:不受紫外线的激发,也不与PE/PE同系物重叠发射,故可以和FITC,PE及紫色荧光染料结合用于多色分析。与Annexin V-PE联用时,RedNucleus II被排除在活细胞和早期凋亡细胞外,而晚期凋亡细胞则同时被Annexin V-PE和RedNucleus II结合染色呈现双阳性。细胞凋亡的检测可以用于非疾病的诊断与治疗,比如体外研究药物对细胞的毒性,通过将待检测药物与细胞孵育,然后检测不同时期的细胞凋亡情况。
本发明中,常规组分为Annexin V 结合缓冲液、染料存储液,比如Tris、NaCl、BSA、NaN3组成的染料存储液、TAE缓冲液。
Annexin V-PE/7-AAD双染检测细胞凋亡,PE与7-AAD这两种染料的光谱重叠略大、流式需调节的补偿较大,实验时必须要设置的两种染料的单染补偿管,进行荧光补偿调节去除光谱重叠,实验时多增加单染补偿管这一步不仅使实验更加繁琐,流式上机实验时的补偿调节更是让不少实验员倍感棘手,不利于产业应用。
本发明试剂盒为Annexin V-PE /RedNucleus II 凋亡检测试剂盒,解决了上述技术问题,尤其是本发明公开的RedNucleus Ⅱ远红外染料,该染料具有更好的光谱特性,不受紫外激发,也不与PE及PE同系物重叠发射,与PE连用时无需补偿调节,可完美解决现有7-AAD带来的技术问题;关键是本发明试剂盒测试时无需设置两种染料的单染补偿管,无需进行两种染料间的补偿调节,这不仅节省了广大实验人员的宝贵时间,也让实验步骤不再繁琐,从而利于产业化应用。
本发明公开的细胞凋亡检测可用流式细胞仪及或其他荧光检测设备进行荧光检测。
附图说明
图1为实施例一染料化合物的反应示意图;
图2为实施例一产物质谱;
图3为药物培养的细胞流氏图;
图4为不加药物培养的细胞流氏图;
图5为7-AAD和Annexin V双染组结果;
图6为实施例四产物质谱;
图7为实施例五产物质谱。
具体实施方式
本发明公开的细胞凋亡检测试剂盒由以下组分组成:5×Annexin V 结合缓冲液;储存于50mM Tris、100mM NaCl、1% BSA、0.02% NaN3、pH7.4缓冲溶液中的Annexin V-PE;储存于TAE缓冲液中的RedNucleus II染料。
本发明对比用的7-AAD为现有常规染料,也以溶液形式存在。
本发明公开的上述染料化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,5-二氨基-4,8-二羟基蒽醌与氯胺盐反应,得到中间产物;
(2)中间产物与两端为羧基的化合物反应,得到染料化合物。
比如,上述染料化合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)1,5-二氨基-4,8-二羟基蒽醌与2-氯-N,N,N-三甲基乙胺盐反应,得到中间产物;
(2)中间产物与羧基二聚乙二醇羧基反应,得到染料化合物。
实施例一 染料化合物及其制备
起始物I (1,5-Diamino-4,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone 1,5-二氨基-4,8-二羟基蒽醌)0.1 摩尔27g 和起始物II 0.1 摩尔(2-Chloro-N,N,N-trimethylethylaminehydrochloride 2-氯-N,N,N-三甲基乙胺盐)15.8g溶解在100 mL DMF (N,N-二甲基甲酰胺);然后在120℃下搅拌,TLC跟踪到反应结束,展开剂:甲醇:氯仿=1:9,体积比;然后冷却至室温,过滤除去溶剂,得到粘稠状固体;然后将整个固体用甲醇进行重结晶得到产物III,固体15.2 g,为中间体III。
在氮气保护下,将氯化亚砜(1.88 g,15.8 mmol)滴加到溶有Bis-Peg3-acid (羧基二聚乙二醇羧基,化合物Ⅳ)(1.32 g, 5.3 mmol)的40毫升无水二氯甲烷中,搅拌6个小时之后,上述溶液浓缩至干后溶解在无水DMF(40 mL)中,然后加入中间体III(3.56g,10mmol)和DIPEA(3.8 mL,23.5 mmol);然后整个溶液在室温下搅拌,TLC跟踪到反应结束,展开剂:水:乙腈=1:9;然后减压浓缩至干再通过硅胶柱进行纯化(流动相为水/乙腈:1/100至10/100)得到最终产品染料化合物,固体2.01 g,称为RedNucleus II染料,用于实施例二、实施例三,化学结构式如下:
羧基二聚乙二醇羧基的化学结构式如下:
上述反应示意图见附图1;产物质谱见附图2,带有两个正电荷,因此显示分子量的一半。
实施例二 细胞凋亡检测试剂盒及其制备
细胞凋亡检测试剂盒染料由以下组分组成:5×Annexin V 结合缓冲液;储存于50mM Tris、100mM NaCl、1% BSA、0.02% NaN3、pH7.4缓冲溶液中的Annexin V-PE;储存于TAE缓冲液中的RedNucleus II染料。
将上述组分不接触组合,得到细胞凋亡检测试剂盒,具体组合方式为常规技术,可以将5×Annexin V 结合缓冲液、Annexin V-PE溶液、RedNucleus II染料溶液各自装在小瓶中。
实施例三 将实施例二的试剂盒用于悬浮细胞(jurkat细胞)凋亡检测
a) 细胞准备
(1)细胞培养:使用Jurkat细胞2皿,每皿10mL培养基,细胞密度4×106每皿,37℃,5.0% 二氧化碳培养箱培养;
(2)药物处理:使用10mM 喜树碱 诱导一皿细胞凋亡:取2个Ep管,取500μL培养基至EP管中,加入10μL 喜树碱(药物终浓度为10μM),混匀后,逐滴加入到培养皿中,轻摇混匀,37℃,5.0% 二氧化碳培养箱培养5h。
另一皿不加药物正常培养。
细胞处理
(1)收集细胞:吹打细胞使皿中细胞被吹散,分别收集两皿细胞至两个15mL收集管中并做好标记,1000 rpm 离心 5 min,吸除上清并残留50μL左右培养基;
(2)PBS清洗第一次:分别向两个收集管中加入5mL左右1× PBS,1000 rpm 离心 5min,离心完成后去除上清;
(3)PBS清洗第二次:分别向两个收集管中加入1.6mL 1× PBS,取Ep管,将每个收集管中的细胞平均分管,1000 rpm 离心5 min,离心完成后去除上清。
分管时在Ep管上做好标记(如不染组、单染Annexin V组、单染RedNucleus II组以及RedNucleus II和Annexin V双染组、7-AAD和Annexin V双染组)。
细胞染色
(1)取一个15mL PP管,加入3mL 5×Annexin V 结合缓冲液 和12mL 去离子水,稀释5×Annexin V 结合缓冲液至1×;
(2)向步骤b)的细胞Ep管中加入稀释后的1×Annexin V 结合缓冲液,每管100μL;
(3)实验组、对照组分别加入相应的染料:向Annexin V-PE单染管,加入5μLAnnexin V-PE;RedNucleus Ⅱ单染管加入5 μL RedNucleus Ⅱ,双染管分别加入5μLAnnexin V-PE,5μL RedNucleus Ⅱ,7-AAD和Annexin V双染组分别加入5μL Annexin V-PE,5μL 7-AAD;用100μL移液器吹打混匀;
(4)所有管室温避光孵育15-20 min;
(5)每管加入400μL 1× PBS,流式上机检测。
以上为常规处理技术。
流式检测
(1)使用BL2,RL1通道,电压参考值如下。
(2)检测前需用未作凋亡处理且未经染色的细胞调节FSC与SSC电压,确定细胞群位置。
(3)流氏检测,观察细胞分群情况。
Annexin V-PE/ RedNucleus Ⅱ凋亡检测试剂盒是用PE标记的Annexin V作为探针,PE最大激发波长为488 nm,最大发射波长578 nm,PE的荧光在BL2通道检测;RedNucleusⅡ的最大激发波长为635 nm,最大发射波长为695 nm,RedNucleus Ⅱ的荧光在RL1通道检测。通过流式细胞仪分析,绘制散点图,每个样采集10000 events,结果见图3。
以不加药物正常培养的细胞为对比,同样采用上述c、d步骤,得到的结果见图4。
Annexin V-PE/ RedNucleus Ⅱ在确定细胞群位置后不需要调节补偿;图3、图4中,左上象限是已经没有细胞膜的细胞碎片,或者其他原因导致的死亡细胞;右上为晚期凋亡细胞;左下为阴性正常细胞;右下为早期凋亡细胞。
7-AAD和Annexin V双染组在上述步骤(2)确定细胞群位置后需要调节补偿,具体如下:
7-AAD和Annexin V双染组结果见图5,左上象限是已经没有细胞膜的细胞碎片,或者其他原因导致的死亡细胞;右上为晚期凋亡细胞;左下为阴性正常细胞;右下为早期凋亡细胞。
上述补偿为现有技术必要手段,非常繁琐,而且结果不准,这是常识,但是现有技术没有解决的办法,本发明创造性的公开了RedNucleus Ⅱ,无需补偿即可区分早期凋亡的细胞与晚期凋亡的细胞,解决了现有技术一直想解决但不能解决的技术问题。
实施例四
将实施例一中,羧基二聚乙二醇羧基的化学结构式更换如下:
将起始物II的化学结构式更换如下:
其余不变,制备得到染料化合物,其化学结构式如下:
上述产物质谱见附图6,分子量1125.59(不含阴离子时分子量为1054.69)带有两个正电荷,因此显示分子量的一半。
实施例五
将实施例一中,将起始物II的化学结构式更换如下:
其余不变,制备得到染料化合物,其化学结构式如下:
上述产物质谱见附图7,分子量1095.29(不含阴离子时分子量为1024.39)带有两个正电荷,因此显示分子量的一半。
将实施例五、实施例四的染料化合物与Annexin V-PE、常规缓冲液组成细胞凋亡检测试剂盒,进行细胞凋亡检测时,在确定细胞群位置后不需要调节补偿,可以区分正常细胞、早期凋亡细胞、晚期凋亡细胞。
Claims (4)
2.根据权利要求1所述染料化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)的反应在有机溶剂中进行,反应温度为110~130℃;步骤(2)中,先在氮气保护下,将氯化亚砜滴入溶有两端为羧基的化合物的二氯甲烷中,搅拌后浓缩至干,然后加入DMF溶剂,再加入中间产物、N,N-二异丙基乙胺;然后室温下反应,得到染料化合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述染料化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,氯化亚砜、两端为羧基的化合物、中间产物、N,N-二异丙基乙胺的摩尔比为15.8∶5.3∶10∶23.5。
4.根据权利要求1所述染料化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,n为0~9。
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