CN113662975A - 一种藜麦提取物及其在制备预防胃黏膜损伤的药物和食品中的用途 - Google Patents
一种藜麦提取物及其在制备预防胃黏膜损伤的药物和食品中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113662975A CN113662975A CN202111015304.1A CN202111015304A CN113662975A CN 113662975 A CN113662975 A CN 113662975A CN 202111015304 A CN202111015304 A CN 202111015304A CN 113662975 A CN113662975 A CN 113662975A
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- quinoa
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- gastric
- injury
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种藜麦提取物的制备方法及其在制备预防胃粘膜损伤的药物和食品的用途。实验证明:藜麦提取物具有修复胃黏膜损伤的作用,且疗效确切。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于天然产物技术领域,具体涉及藜麦提取物在制备预防胃黏膜损伤的药物和食品中的用途。
背景技术
胃溃疡是最常见的消化系统疾病之一,根据相关统计,在全球范围内,慢性胃溃疡的发病率达到5%-10%。其主要由于感染幽门螺杆菌,饮酒过度、长期吸烟、嗜食生冷刺激食物或长期服用非甾体类抗炎药(Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, NSAIDs)引起。在临床上,除幽门螺旋杆菌引起的胃溃疡外,酒精性的胃粘膜损伤也较为常见。胃溃疡引起的上腹疼痛、消化不良等症状不仅严重影响患者生活质量,还可出现出血、穿孔甚至癌变等并发症。
目前现代医学主要以对症治疗为主,常使用质子泵抑制剂(PPI)联合抗生素(阿莫西林、克拉霉素、甲硝唑等)或组胺 2-拮抗剂、Hp 根除方案甚至是手术治疗等。但这些治疗手段易使病情反复发作并有可能发展为腺体萎缩或癌变等,且化学药物的副作用对机体存在一定的损害,同时服药后的患者有将近三分之一出现复发,并且导致病情的进一步恶化。因此,寻找一种有效安全的防治胃黏膜损伤疗法是临床上治疗胃溃疡的当务之急。
以食品为原料开发对减少胃黏膜损伤的产品目前尚属空白。藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa willd.)富含多种营养成分,包括蛋白质、脂肪、维生素以及微量元素等,其营养价值超过任何一种传统的粮食作物,是联合国粮农组织(FAO)推荐的唯一单体植物即可满足人体基本营养需求的完美全营养食品。藜麦所含氨基酸种类丰富,含有人类必须的9种必须氨基酸,有利于人体蛋白质的吸收利用,同时还含有许多非必须氨基酸,特别是富含多数作物没有的赖氨酸。藜麦已被美国国家研究委员会和美国国家航空航天局评估为一种极富营养特性的食物,将其列为人类未来移民外太空的理想“太空粮食”。我国藜麦的种植与应用研究发展时间较晚,于2008年开始藜麦的规模化种植,目前在山西、甘肃、青海等地区推广种植,目前我国市面上还鲜有成熟的藜麦相关产品。藜麦作为一种营养价值突出的功能性健康食品,不仅富含多酚、黄酮、皂苷、多糖、多肽、蜕皮激素等活性成分,还含有丰富的维生素、必需氨基酸、矿物质(K、P、Mg、Ca、Zn、Fe)等营养物质,具有均衡补充营养、增强机体功能等生理活性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种预防胃黏膜损伤的药物或食品。本发明的研究发现藜麦提取物具有对酒精性胃粘膜损伤、应激性胃粘膜损伤或慢性胃炎以及幽门螺杆菌导致的胃黏膜损伤的预防作用,可用于开发新的预防胃黏膜损伤的药物和食品。
一方面,本发明提供了藜麦提取物在制备预防胃黏膜损伤的药物和食品中的用途。其中,所述胃粘膜损伤来源酒精性胃粘膜损伤、应激性胃粘膜损伤或慢性胃炎以及幽门螺杆菌导致的胃黏膜损伤中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述藜麦提取物为藜麦水提取物或乙醇水溶液提取物,例如体积比为0--20%的乙醇水溶液提取物。
优选地,基于所述藜麦提取物总重量,所述藜麦提取物多糖含量不低于50%重量,总三萜含量不高于8%;更优选地,基于所述藜麦提取物总重量,所述藜麦提取物多糖含量为50-80%重量,总三萜含量为1-8%重量。
进一步优选地,所述藜麦提取物的制备方法包含以下步骤:
(1)向藜麦加入水或乙醇水溶液,回流提取;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的提取液离心后上清液减压浓缩至糖度为10-20;
(3)将步骤(3)得到的浓缩液进行干燥得到提取物干粉。
优选地,在上述制备方法的步骤(1)中,所述提取进行2-3次,每次15-30分钟;
优选地,在上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,所述离心分离为采用离心机在8000rpm/min离心5-15min,收集上清液;
优选地,在上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,所述弄浓缩为采用在温度60℃,真空度为0.06~0.08MPa下减压浓缩,得糖度为10-20的浓缩液;
优选地,在上述制备方法的步骤(3)中,所述干燥为喷雾干燥、减压干燥或者冷冻干燥;
优选地,所述预防胃粘膜损伤的药物和食品包含所述藜麦提取物,以及药学和食品学上可接受的载体、辅料和/稀释剂;
优选地,所述预防胃粘膜损伤的药物和食品为片剂、胶囊、丸剂、粉剂或悬浮剂。
又一方面,本发明提供了一种预防胃黏膜损伤的方法,所述方法包括将所述藜麦提取物给予有需要的对象;优选地,所述胃粘膜损伤来源酒精性胃粘膜损伤、应激性胃粘膜损伤或慢性胃炎以及幽门螺杆菌导致的胃黏膜损伤中的一种或多种。本发明的组合物还可用于胃粘膜损伤的预防。
本发明所述的藜麦提取物主要是从天然藜麦中提取获得,其提取方法简单,技术成熟,提取率较高,成本低廉。
本发明人经过一系列实验,证实了藜麦提取物具有预防胃粘膜损伤的功效。
附图说明
以下,结合附图来详细说明本发明的实施方案,其中:
图1显示了藜麦提取物对酒精性胃黏膜损伤小鼠胃黏膜病理学的影响结果;
图2显示了藜麦提取物对酒精性小鼠胃粘膜组织 H&E 染色结果;
图3显示了藜麦提取物对应激性胃黏膜损伤大鼠胃黏膜病理学的影响结果;
图4显示了藜麦提取物对应激性胃粘膜损伤大鼠胃粘膜组织 H&E 染色结果。
具体实施方式
为了更详细地说明本发明,下面将结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明。但本发明的范围并非限定于此。
实施例1多糖含量测定
仪器:紫外可见分光光度计(赛默飞,EVOLUTION 201)
标准品与试剂:
葡萄糖标准溶液的配制:称取干燥至恒重(105℃)的葡萄糖50mg,置于50mL容量瓶中,加蒸馏水溶解稀释至刻度,即得浓度为1mg/mL葡萄糖标准溶液。
标准曲线制备:取1mg/mL的葡萄糖标准溶液进行稀释得到一系列稀释标准溶液(0.01mg/mL、0.02mg/mL、0.03mg/mL、0.04mg/mL、0.05mg/mL、0.06mg/mL)。精密移取各葡萄糖标准溶液1.0mL,置于10mL试管中,加入6%苯酚溶液1.0mL,充分震摇5s,迅速加入浓硫酸各5.0mL,震摇5s后置于沸水浴中10min,取出放至室温,于490nm下测定吸光度。以葡萄糖标准溶液浓度为横坐标,吸光度值为纵坐标,绘制标准曲线。
样品溶液制备:称取0.5mg实施例1-3中的藜麦提取物干粉,加入3mL蒸馏水,超声15min,离心,上清液加入蒸馏水定容至5mL,得到样品溶液。
藜麦提取物中多糖含量检测:精密移取样品溶液1.0mL,置于10mL试管中,加入6%苯酚溶液1.0mL,充分震摇5s,迅速加入浓硫酸各5.0mL,震摇5s后置于沸水浴中10min,取出放至室温,于490nm下测定吸光度。带入标准曲线方程计算多糖含量。具体多糖含量测定结果参见以下实施例。
测定结果:
按下式计算多糖的含量:
X:试样中多糖含量,单位为%;
C:试样中多糖的浓度,单位为毫克每毫升(mg/mL);
V:试样的体积,单位为毫升(mL);
m:称取藜麦的重量,单位为毫克(mg);
实施例2总三萜含量测定
仪器:紫外可见分光光度计(赛默飞,EVOLUTION 201)
标准品与试剂:
标准品:齐墩果酸标准对照品(中国食品药品检定研究院)
试剂:无水乙醇、95%乙醇、冰乙酸、高氯酸、香草醛、浓硫酸
齐墩果酸标准溶液的配制:精密称取5mg齐墩果酸标准品,置于10mL容量瓶中,加甲醇溶解稀释至刻度,即得浓度为0.5mg/mL的齐墩果酸标准溶液。
试验方法:
(1)齐墩果酸对照品最佳检测波长的确定及标准曲线的绘制:分别精确吸取齐墩果酸标准品溶液0.0mL,0.1mL,0.2mL,0.3mL,0.4mL,0.5mL,0.6mL置于蒸发皿中,于60℃水浴蒸干,加入0.4mL 5%香草醛冰醋酸溶液,转动蒸发皿,使残渣溶解,再加入1.6mL高氯酸,混匀后移入10mL试管中,70℃水浴加热20min,取出,冰浴冷却2min,精确加入5.0mL冰醋酸,摇匀后,在545nm波长下测定吸光度。以皂苷质量为横坐标,吸光度值为纵坐标,绘制标准曲线。
(2)样品溶液制备:称取藜麦提取物干粉97.5mg,加入2mL 70%乙醇溶液,超声15min,离心,上清液加入70%乙醇定容至50mL。
(3)藜麦提取物中总皂苷含量检测:吸取样品溶液1ml按照按方法(1)测定其吸光度,通过回归方程求出吸光度对应的总三萜质量,计算总三萜含量。具体总三萜含量测定结果参见以下实施例。
测定结果:
按下式计算总三萜的含量:
X:试样中总三萜含量,单位为%;
C:试样中总三萜的质量,单位为毫克(mg);
V:试样的体积,单位为毫升(mL);
m:称取藜麦的重量,单位为毫克(mg)。
实施例3 藜麦提取物的制备
(1)以藜麦500g为原料,以质量比为1:10的比例加入水溶液中,加热至沸,保持微沸状态提取15min,提取3次,合并提取液,得到藜麦水提取液;
(2)藜麦提取液过80-120目筛得提取液;离心(8000rpm/min,5min),收集滤液,在温度60℃,真空度为0.06~0.08MPa下减压浓缩,得糖度为10的浓缩液;
(3)藜麦浓缩液喷雾干燥,得到藜麦提取物,提取率为7.8%。其中多糖含量为72.9%,总三萜含量为1.04%。
实施例4 藜麦提取物的制备
(1)以藜麦500g为原料,以质量比为1:12的比例加入体积比为20%乙醇水溶液中,加热至沸,保持微沸状态提取30 min,提取2次,合并提取液,得到藜麦水提取液;
(2)藜麦提取液离心(8000rpm/min,15min),收集上清液,在温度60℃,真空度为0.06~0.08MPa下减压浓缩,得糖度为20的浓缩液;
(3)藜麦浓缩液减压干燥,得到藜麦提取物,提取率为5.9%。其中多糖含量为50.3%,总三萜含量为7.92%。
实施例5 藜麦提取物的制备
(1)以藜麦500g为原料,以质量比为1:15的比例加入体积比为10%乙醇水溶液中,加热至沸,保持微沸状态提取15min,提取2次,合并提取液,得到藜麦水提取液;
(2)藜麦提取液离心(8000rpm/min,10min),收集上清液,在温度60℃,真空度为0.06~0.08MPa下减压浓缩,得糖度为15的浓缩液;
(3)藜麦浓缩液冷冻干燥,得到藜麦提取物,提取率为6.5%。其中多糖含量为58.7%,总三萜含量为3.96%。
实施例6藜麦提取物对无水乙醇导致的胃黏膜损伤的保护作用
(1)试验材料
试验动物:健康昆明种雄性小鼠,体重18 g-22 g,由中国医学科学院放射医学研究所实验动物中心提供并饲养,二级清洁,许可证号:SCXH(军)2012-0004,动物合格证编号:0042643。
试验仪器:低温冰箱(SANYO ULTRA LOW,日本SANYO公司);86 量制津字 00000115号游标卡尺(天津市量具厂);Leica TP 1020脱水机(德国);Leica RM2016轮转式切片机(德国)。
(2)试验方法
试验动物及分组:雄性昆明种小鼠常规适应性饲养一周,按体重分层完全随机分组。空白组(对照)、模型组(模型)、阳性对照铝碳酸镁组(125mg/kg)、实施例1给药组(7g/kg)、实施例2给药组(7g/kg)、实施例3给药组(7g/kg),每组10只各组同时进入实验。采用苦味酸标记动物。
试验动物腹腔注射和灌胃:空白组和模型组给予等量的蒸馏水,每天更换饮用水,其余每组按照对应剂量灌胃给药,连续灌胃 7 天,第7天灌胃后,除空白组外,各组小鼠禁食24h,可自由饮水,第8天末次给药1h后将模型组及各给药组小鼠灌服无水乙醇0.1mL。每天记录饮食饮水、体重变化,观察小鼠状态。
试验动物取材:实验第8天分别对每组各7只动物进行取材。处死小鼠,摘出全胃,洗去表面血污,用滤纸吸干,挤出胃液,记录胃液量,沿胃大弯处剖开胃腔,用生理盐水冲洗,滤纸轻轻吸去表面水分,平铺,观察胃黏膜损伤程度。
观察指标
①胃黏膜状态
处死小鼠,摘出全胃,洗去表面血污,用滤纸吸干,挤出胃液,记录胃液量,沿胃大弯处剖开胃腔,用生理盐水冲洗,滤纸轻轻吸去表面水分,平铺,观察胃黏膜状态。
②胃黏膜损伤程度
采用 Guth标准计算各组小鼠的溃疡指数和溃疡抑制率,其测定方法为:点状出血:1 分;条状出血依照黏膜损伤的长径(d)计算:d≤1 mm,2 分;1<d≤2 mm,3 分;2<d≤4mm,4 分;d>4 mm,5 分;宽度>2 mm 时,分数均加倍。每只小鼠的累积分数即为此只动物的溃疡指数(UI)。溃疡抑制率(%)=(模型对照组平均溃疡指数-用药组平均溃疡指数)/模型对照组平均溃疡指数×100%。
③胃组织病理形态学--H&E染色
取小鼠胃窦部组织置于甲醛固定液中固定48h,甲醛液不少于标本的10倍体积;固定期间,不断轻轻摇动容器,以利于固定液渗入;胃窦部组织固定48小时后,弃掉固定液并取出组织;放进包埋框,先用PBS冲洗去掉未与组织结合的固定液和沉淀物;再将已固定的组织经脱水机进行脱水,脱水程序设定依次为:70%乙醇3h,80%乙醇2h,95%乙醇I 50min,95%乙醇II 50min,无水乙醇I 50min,无水乙醇II 50min,二甲苯:乙醇(1:1)20min,二甲苯I 10min,二甲苯II 10min,石蜡I(48-50℃)1h,石蜡II(54-56℃)1h,石蜡III(58-60℃)1h,然后将组织迅速用包埋蜡(58-60℃)注入包埋模具中,用石蜡切片机将已包埋的组织块切成7µm厚的薄片;将切妥的切片置于温水中铺展平整后,多聚赖氨酸载玻片捞起并附贴其上,晾干后再用烤片机烤片,使得牢固附着;H&E染色:组织切片采用苏木素染液、伊红染液染色后中性树胶封片;在光镜下观察胃窦部组织的病理形态学改变。
(3)试验结果
①藜麦提取物对胃黏膜损伤小鼠胃黏膜病理学的影响
空白组小鼠胃粘膜组织表面平整光滑,无损伤情况发生;模型组小鼠胃粘膜组织损伤情况非常严重,可看到清晰明显的出血带,并且出血带凹凸不平。相比于模型组,各给药组对于胃黏膜组织出血情况均有不同程度的改善。结果见图1。
②小鼠胃黏膜损伤积分评价
根据各组小鼠胃粘膜损伤的程度,对胃粘膜出血点和出血带进行测量并统计,如表1所示。空白组无出血点和出血带;模型组具有非常清晰明显的出血点和出血带,受损伤的程度较为严重;相比于模型组,阳性药组的出血点个数略微减少,但是出血面积值却大幅度减少,说明阳性药对小鼠胃粘膜损伤的保护效果较为明显。各给药组胃粘膜出血点和出血面积均有不同程度的减少,各实施例给药组的出血点减少,同时出血面积也有一定程度的减少。实验结果表明,藜麦提取物各实施例给药组对小鼠胃粘膜损伤具有较好的保护作用。结果见表1。
表1小鼠胃粘膜损伤程度
* p<0.05,** p<0.01(相比于模型组);## p<0.01(相比于空白对照组)
③病理切片
由图2可以看出空白组的大鼠胃组织细胞排列整齐紧密,组织的结构清晰,胃粘膜的腺体完整,未见损伤的情况。模型组的胃组织腺体排列紊乱,胃粘膜上皮细胞不规则,粘膜下层炎性细胞浸润。相比于模型组,阳性药组的胃组织排列相对整齐,腺体排列紧密,粘膜破损脱落的情况不明显。各实施例给药组小鼠胃组织结构及炎性细胞浸润均有改善,胃组织结构排列整齐,粘膜处损伤情况程度也减轻。
实施例7 藜麦提取物对应激性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用
(1)试验材料
试验动物
健康 SD 雄性大鼠,SPF 级,42只,体重 180~200 g,实验动物在温度 20℃~25℃、相对湿度为40%~70%的环境中饲养,自由进食、饮水。北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司提供并饲养,许可证号:2017-0005;合格证编号:1112511911000098。
试验仪器:
低温冰箱(SANYO ULTRA LOW,日本SANYO公司);86 量制津字 00000115 号游标卡尺(天津市量具厂);Leica TP 1020脱水机(德国);Leica RM2016轮转式切片机(德国)。
(2)试验方法
试验动物及造模:选用适应性喂养3~4天的 SD 大鼠,实验前禁食 24 h,自由饮水,各组大鼠轻度乙醚麻醉后将其固定在大鼠固定器中,待其清醒后,头部向上竖直浸于23℃(±1℃)水中,液面与大鼠剑突处水平,水浸 6 h,建立水浸应激性胃溃疡模型。造模成功后,大鼠会出现精神萎靡、食欲不振,饮水量减少和胃部胀气的现象,取胃解剖发现胃窦部有出血点。
试验动物分组与给药:将 42 只大鼠随机分为 6 组,即空白组、模型组、阳性药对照组(奥美拉唑,),给药组(实施例3、实施例4和实施例5的提取物,500mg/kg),每组各 7只。空白组和模型组给予等量的蒸馏水,每天更换饮用水,其余每组按照对应剂量灌胃给药,连续灌胃 7 天,第7天灌胃后,除空白对照组外,各组大鼠禁食24h,可自由饮水,第8天末次给药1h后将模型组及各给药组大鼠束缚浸入水中进行造模。每天记录饮食饮水、体重变化,观察大鼠状态。具体给药方案见表2-1。
试验动物取材:实验第8天分别对每组各7只动物进行取材。处死大鼠,摘出全胃,洗去表面血污,用滤纸吸干,挤出胃液,记录胃液量,沿胃大弯处剖开胃腔,用生理盐水冲洗,滤纸轻轻吸去表面水分,平铺,观察胃黏膜损伤程度。
观察指标
①胃黏膜状态
处死大鼠,摘出全胃,洗去表面血污,用滤纸吸干,挤出胃液,记录胃液量,沿胃大弯处剖开胃腔,用生理盐水冲洗,滤纸轻轻吸去表面水分,平铺,观察胃黏膜状态。
②胃黏膜损伤程度
采用 Guth标准计算各组大鼠的溃疡指数和溃疡抑制率,其测定方法为:点状出血:1 分;条状出血依照黏膜损伤的长径(d)计算:d≤1 mm,2 分;1<d≤2 mm,3 分;2<d≤4mm,4 分;d>4 mm,5 分;宽度>2 mm 时,分数均加倍。每只大鼠的累积分数即为此只动物的溃疡指数(UI)。溃疡抑制率(%)=(模型对照组平均溃疡指数-用药组平均溃疡指数)/模型对照组平均溃疡指数×100%。
③胃组织病理形态学--H&E染色
取大鼠胃窦部组织置于 4%多聚甲醛溶液中固定 3 d,将切下的组织块放入模具中,放在组织脱水仪上自动脱水,用二甲苯透明,然后将已透明的组织块置于石蜡中,放入溶蜡箱保温。待包埋好的组织块变硬,切 4 µm 厚的胃组织切片,在50℃水中展开,平摊在载玻片上进行烤片,之后再进行 HE 染色和显微镜观察。具体步骤如下:
A.烤片:于 60℃下烤片 12 h;
B.脱蜡脱水:二甲苯脱蜡三次,各 10 min,100%、95%、90%、85%酒精依次脱水 5min,自来水冲洗;
C.苏木精浸染 5 min,自来水冲洗;
D.1%盐酸分化后,蒸馏水冲洗;
E.伊红染色 1min,95%、100%、100%酒精依次脱水 1 min;
F.二甲苯透明三次,各 5 min,中性树胶封片。在光镜下观察胃窦部组织的病理形态学改变。
(3)试验结果。
①藜麦提取物对应激性胃黏膜损伤大鼠胃黏膜病理学的影响
空白组大鼠胃粘膜组织表面平整光滑,无损伤情况发生;模型组大鼠胃粘膜组织损伤情况严重,可见清晰明显的出血带,并且出血带凹凸不平。相比于模型组,各给药组对于胃黏膜组织出血情况均有不同程度的改善。结果见图3。
②大鼠胃黏膜损伤积分评价
根据各组大鼠胃粘膜损伤的程度,对胃粘膜出血点和出血带进行测量并统计,如表2所示。空白组无出血点和出血带;模型组具有非常清晰明显的出血点和出血带,受损伤的程度较为严重;相比于模型组,阳性药组的出血点个数略微减少,但是出血面积值却大幅度减少,说明阳性药对大鼠胃粘膜损伤的保护效果较为明显。各给药组胃粘膜出血点和出血面积均有不同程度的减少,各实施例给药组的出血点减少,同时出血面积也有一定程度的减少。实验结果表明,藜麦提取物各实施例给药组对应激性大鼠胃粘膜损伤具有较好的保护作用。结果见表2。
表2大鼠胃粘膜损伤程度
* p<0.05,** p<0.01(相比于模型组);## p<0.01(相比于空白对照组)。
③病理切片
由图4可以看出空白组的大鼠胃组织细胞排列整齐紧密,组织的结构清晰,胃粘膜的腺体完整,未见损伤的情况。模型组的胃组织腺体排列紊乱,胃粘膜上皮细胞不规则,粘膜下层炎性细胞浸润。相比于模型组,阳性药组的胃组织排列相对整齐,腺体排列紧密,粘膜破损脱落的情况不明显。各实施例给药组大鼠胃组织结构及炎性细胞浸润均有改善,胃组织结构排列整齐,粘膜处损伤情况程度也减轻。
Claims (11)
1.藜麦提取物在制备预防胃粘膜损伤的药物及食品中的用途。
2.权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述胃粘膜损伤来源酒精性胃粘膜损伤、应激性胃粘膜损伤或慢性胃炎以及幽门螺杆菌导致的胃黏膜损伤中的一种或多种。
3.权利要求1-2任一项所述的用途,其中,所述藜麦提取物为藜麦水提取物或乙醇水溶液提取物,优选地,所述藜麦提取物为体积比为0-20%的乙醇水溶液提取物。
4.权利要求1-3任一项所述的用途,其中,基于所述藜麦提取物总重量,所述藜麦提取物多糖含量不低于50%重量,总三萜含量不高于8%;优选地,基于所述藜麦提取物总重量,所述藜麦提取物多糖含量为50-90%重量,总三萜含量为1-8%重量。
5.权利要求1-4任一项所述的用途,其中,所述藜麦提取物的制备方法包含以下步骤:
(1)向藜麦加入水或乙醇水溶液,回流提取;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的提取液离心后上清液减压浓缩至糖度为10-20;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的浓缩液进行干燥得到提取物干粉。
6.优选地,在权利要求5中所述制备方法的步骤(1)中,所述提取进行2-3次,每次15-30分钟。
7.优选地,在权利要求5中所述制备方法的步骤(2)中,所述离心分离为采用离心机在8000rpm/min离心5-15min,收集上清液。
8.优选地,在权利要求5中所述制备方法的步骤(2)中,所述弄浓缩为采用在温度60℃,真空度为0.06~0.08MPa下减压浓缩,得糖度为10-20的浓缩液。
9.优选地,在权利要求5中所述制备方法的步骤(3)中,所述干燥为喷雾干燥、减压干燥或者冷冻干燥。
10.权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述预防胃粘膜损伤的药物或食品包含所述藜麦提取物,以及药学上和食品上可接受的载体、辅料和/或稀释剂。
11.权利要求1所述的用途,其中,所述预防胃黏膜损伤的药物或食品的剂型为片剂、胶囊、丸剂、粉剂或悬浮剂。
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