CN113584903A - 一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,包括织布预处理,制备基础浆、底涂,中涂与面涂,本发明所制备的仿植绒风格遮光用布中层涂覆包含黑色色浆,面层涂覆包含热膨胀微球的水性丙烯酸树脂,能够达到100%的遮光率,并且绒感丰满,手感舒适,是制作家居装饰用品如窗帘、背景幕墙的优良材料,同时发泡涂层工艺赋予产品微弹性能,使得产品打印后能保持良好的图案尺寸稳定性,不易变形,本发明所制备的仿植绒风格遮光用布面层热膨胀微球高温膨胀形成的绒面效果,不仅赋予产品独特的风格,提高产品附加值,而且有效改善了涂层的粘连,从而有利于产品的包装运输及后续喷绘加工的顺利进行。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织品加工领域,涉及一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,具体涉及了一种水性丙烯酸树脂高遮光、阻燃良好、立体绒感的家居装饰涂层材料及其制备工艺。
背景技术
随着纺织行业的不断发展和人们审美的改变,大众消费者对纺织品提出了更多更高的要求,个性化、美观性、功能性纺织品日益成为发展趋势。静电植绒是静电技术在纺织行业中的重要应用之一,静电植绒面料绒感丰盈、手感柔软、风格别致,因此广泛受到市场的青睐。尽管近年来我国静电植绒业发展迅速,但是仍存在着不少问题,例如产品品种单一,档次低下,产品附加值不高,经静电植入的绒毛经洗涤摩擦后易脱落,严重影响产品外观。静电植绒牢度差一直是植绒面料的致命缺点,目前如何提高绒毛的稳固性仍是一个亟需攻克的技术难题。
因此,开发一种附着力高、成本低、工艺简单的仿植绒风格面料的制备方法具有重要意义和应用价值。对此,国内外相关专家学者对仿植绒产品的开发已展开了部分研究。例如,专利CN109679220A利用聚乙二醇对超细天然绿茶粉末进行表面改性,并被聚醚酯包覆形成母粒,然后将改性母粒与聚酰胺树脂、助剂等共混,制备出了具有绿茶清香的复合材料,该材料经配色处理后表面出现很多深色斑点,产生了类似植绒的效果;专利CN103352399A公开了一种制备印刷仿植绒纸张的工艺,该工艺将自干色墨、PET光油和低温膨胀微球共混制得混合材料,涂覆纸张后在加热条件下达到发泡效果,从而使纸张表面获得仿植绒的风格。专利CN108102223公开了一种低线性热膨胀系数的仿植绒效果聚丙烯复合材料的制备方法,该发明通过在聚丙烯中添加高长径比的硅灰石和滑石粉复配填料,采用侧向喂料的方式加入挤出机,制备出了具有仿植绒效果的复合材料,并有效改善了其塑料质感。
目前,研究者较多的关注于热膨胀微球的制备或是在油溶性体系中的应用,而利用在水性发泡涂层浆料中添加热膨胀微球制备仿植绒风格遮光用涂层面料鲜有报道,当将热膨胀微球应用于水性发泡涂层浆料中时,除了微球本身膨胀性能外,微球的种类及用量、微球在体系中的分散状态直接影响到涂层面料的仿植绒效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种水性丙烯酸树脂高遮光、阻燃良好、立体绒感的家居装饰涂层材料及其制备工艺。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)织布预处理:将绒布置于含有防水剂的轧液中浸轧,浸轧后,在130℃-170℃条件下进行焙烘1-2min,得到布料1,其中布料1非绒面记作A面,绒面记作B面;
2)底涂:将基础浆进行发泡,泡沫密度在300-400g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤1)制得的布料1的A面,车速为15-30m/min,刮涂量为40-60g/m2,于150-170℃条件下焙烘1-2min,然后经压辊压平,得到布料2,其中涂层面记作A1面;
3)中涂:将中涂浆进行发泡,泡沫密度在300-400g/L,然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤2)制得的布料2的A1面,车速为15-30m/min,刮涂量为40-60g/m2,于150-170℃条件下焙烘1-2min,然后经压辊压平,得到布料3,其中涂覆黑色浆料面记作A2面;
4)面涂:在步骤2)的基础浆中加入1-3份热膨胀微球,非离子分散剂0.5-1.5份,充分搅拌至分散均匀,制得面涂浆,将面涂进行发泡,泡沫密度在300-400g/L,然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤3)制得的布料3的A2面,车速为15-30m/min,刮涂量为40-60g/m2,于150-170℃条件下焙烘1-2min,然后经压辊压平,得仿植绒风格遮光用布,布料1的B面用于图案喷绘加工。
本发明所制备的仿植绒风格遮光用布中层涂覆包含黑色色浆,面层涂覆包含热膨胀微球的水性丙烯酸树脂,能够达到100%的遮光率,并且通过合理控制热膨胀微球的种类及用量以及在水性丙烯酸涂层浆料中的分散状态,可获得绒感丰满、手感舒适的仿植绒涂层面,是制作家居装饰用品如窗帘、背景幕墙的优良材料,同时发泡涂层工艺赋予产品微弹性能,使得产品打印后能保持良好的图案尺寸稳定性,不易变形。
水性发泡涂层是一种常用的织物表面加工工艺,该工艺不仅节省染化料,节能,而且涂布均匀,涂布量易于控制。它以水性丙烯酸树脂为胶黏剂,涂覆织物表面后牢度好,不易剥离,在水性丙烯酸树脂中添加适量发泡性能优良的热膨胀微球,通过合理控制热膨胀微球的种类及用量以及在水性丙烯酸涂层浆料中的分散状态,并经高温焙烘后体积迅速膨胀增大,使浆膜隆起形成凹凸立体感的表面风格,呈现出植绒般的艺术效果。同时,水性发泡涂层工艺制备的面料不仅绒感丰盈、柔软透气,而且成本低廉、生产效率高,兼具高效的遮光、阻燃性能,有良好的实用性和广泛的市场应用前景。
本发明所制备的仿植绒风格遮光用布面层热膨胀微球高温膨胀形成的绒面效果,不仅赋予产品独特的风格,提高产品附加值,而且有效改善了涂层的粘连,从而有利于产品的包装运输及后续喷绘加工的顺利进行。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,步骤2)中,所述基础浆按重量份计包括以下组分:水性丙烯酸乳液100份,阻燃剂30-40份,钛白粉10-30份,稳泡剂5-15份,交联剂1-5份,分散剂0.5份,基础浆的制备方法为:将水性丙烯酸乳液,阻燃剂,钛白粉,稳泡剂,交联剂,分散剂混合均匀,得到浆料,添加氨水将浆料pH调节至8.0-8.5,搅拌至分散均匀,制得基础浆;所述阻燃剂为三氧化二锑、十溴二苯乙烷中的一种或两种,所述钛白粉的粒径≤3μm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述水性丙烯酸乳液的固含量为40-50wt.%,pH为4-5。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述交联剂为封闭型脂肪族异氰酸酯。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述稳泡剂为硬脂酸铵、琥珀酰胺酸盐或十二烷基二甲基氧化胺中的一种或两种。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,步骤3)中,中涂浆为在步骤2)的基础浆中加入10-20份炭黑色浆而得到。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,步骤3)中,所述炭黑色浆的固含量为40-50wt.%,pH为7。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,步骤4)中,所述的热膨胀微球为核壳结构,外壳为丙烯腈和丙烯酸酯共聚物,内核为碳氢化合物组成的球状塑料颗粒,粒径为10-20μm、20-30μm、30-40μm、40-50μm中的一种或多种组合。
为使涂层面料达到良好的仿植绒效果,需要选择与水性丙烯酸体系有良好相容性且壳壁阻隔性与机械性能优异,膨胀倍率合适,发泡效果均匀且稳定的热膨胀微球。发明人根据三层涂层工艺特点,初选了几种分别含不同沸点烷烃的热膨胀微球,对比其在最适工艺参数条件下的发泡效果,优选出了适用于水性丙烯酸体系下的热膨胀微球种类,此种热膨胀微球的发泡剂为异辛烷,由于其分子结构相对庞大,受热后不易扩散出壳壁,因此发泡较为稳定。而壳壁聚合物为丙烯腈与丙烯酸酯共聚物,该类聚合物形成的壳壁韧性较好,不易破泡,能获得较好的发泡效果和一定的发泡倍率。
由于所选的热膨胀微球在水性涂层浆中分散稳定性较差,在生产中涂层浆放置过程其颗粒容易发生团聚,影响发泡均匀性等,进而影响面涂的仿植绒效果。为此研究了各类分散剂对其在水性涂层体系中的分散稳定性,发现亲水基为聚氧乙烯型的非离子型分散剂效果最佳。非离子型分散剂加入后能够均匀吸附在微球表面,形成有效的保护层,增大微球粒子间的空间阻力,粒子在较强的空间位阻下难以发生团聚,从而提高了其在水性浆料分散体系中的稳定性,延长了浆料的贮存时间,便于生产控制及产生均匀的发泡效果。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,步骤4)中,所述非离子分散剂为聚氧乙烯脂肪醇、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油醇酸脂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1)本发明所制备的仿植绒风格遮光用布中层涂覆包含黑色色浆,面层涂覆包含热膨胀微球的水性丙烯酸树脂,能够达到100%的遮光率,并且绒感丰满,手感舒适,是制作家居装饰用品如窗帘、背景幕墙的优良材料,同时发泡涂层工艺赋予产品微弹性能,使得产品打印后能保持良好的图案尺寸稳定性,不易变形;
2)本发明制得的发泡涂层浆料相较于原浆料,涂覆后含水量大大减少,更容易烘干,有效降低能源消耗;同时较低的泡沫密度能够有效减少浆料的涂覆量,从而达到节约成本的目的;
3)本发明所制备的仿植绒风格遮光用布面层热膨胀微球高温膨胀形成的绒面效果,不仅赋予产品独特的风格,提高产品附加值,而且有效改善了涂层的粘连,从而有利于产品的包装运输及后续喷绘加工的顺利进行。
附图说明
图1为本发明制得的仿植绒风格遮光用布的结构示意图。
图中,1.基布层;2.白色底层;3.黑色遮光中层;4.发泡面层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明中,为使涂层面料达到良好的仿植绒效果,需要选择与水性丙烯酸体系有良好相容性且壳壁阻隔性与机械性能优异,膨胀倍率合适,发泡效果均匀且稳定的热膨胀微球。发明人初选了几种分别含不同沸点烷烃的热膨胀微球,对比其在最适工艺参数条件下的发泡效果,优选出了适用于水性丙烯酸体系下的热膨胀微球种类,此种热膨胀微球的发泡剂为异辛烷,由于其分子结构相对庞大,受热后不易扩散出壳壁,因此发泡较为稳定。而壳壁聚合物为丙烯腈与甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物,该类聚合物形成的壳壁韧性较好,不易破泡,能获得较好的发泡效果和一定的发泡倍率。
本发明中,阻燃剂为三氧化二锑、十溴二苯乙烷中的一种或两种,钛白粉的粒径≤3μm。水性丙烯酸乳液的固含量为40-50wt.%,pH为4-5。交联剂为封闭型脂肪族异氰酸酯。稳泡剂为硬脂酸铵、琥珀酰胺酸盐或十二烷基二甲基氧化胺中的一种或两种。
实施例1
一种仿植绒风格遮光用布的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)涤纶机织布的预处理:
将单面磨毛起绒的涤纶机织布放置于盛有防水剂的轧液槽中浸轧,轧余率控制在50%-70%,浸轧后,在160℃条件下进行焙烘1min,得布料1,其中布料1非绒面记作A面,绒面记作B面。
(2)按水性丙烯酸乳液100份,阻燃剂30份,钛白粉30份,稳泡剂12份,交联剂5份,添加氨水将浆料pH调节至8.0,搅拌至分散均匀,制得基础浆,用于底涂。将底涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度为320g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(1)制得的布料1的A面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为58g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得布料2,其中涂层面记作A1面;
(3)在步骤(2)制得的基础浆中加入13份炭黑色浆,充分搅拌至分散均匀,制得的浆用于中涂,起遮光作用。将中涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度为300g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(2)制得的布料2的A1面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为60g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得布料3,其中涂覆黑色浆料面记作A2面;
(4)在步骤(2)制得的基础浆中加入1份热膨胀微球,热膨胀微球的粒径为10-20μm,分散剂聚氧乙烯蓖麻油醇酸脂0.5份,充分搅拌至分散均匀,制得的浆用于面涂,将面涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度在360g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(3)制得的布料3的A2面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为59g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得仿植绒风格遮光用布,布料1的B面用于图案喷绘加工。
如图1所示,仿植绒风格遮光用布,包括基布层1,白色底层2,黑色遮光中层3与发泡面层4。
实施例2
一种仿植绒风格遮光用布的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)涤纶机织布的预处理:
将单面磨毛起绒的涤纶机织布放置于盛有防水剂的轧液槽中浸轧,轧余率控制在50%-70%,浸轧后,在160℃条件下进行焙烘1min,得布料1,其中布料1非绒面记作A面,绒面记作B面。
(2)按水性丙烯酸乳液100份,阻燃剂30份,钛白粉30份,稳泡剂12份,交联剂5份,分散剂1份,添加氨水将浆料pH调节至8.0,搅拌至分散均匀,制得基础浆,用于底涂。将底涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度在330g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(1)制得的布料1的A面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为58g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得布料2,其中涂层面记作A1面;
(3)在步骤(2)制得的基础浆中加入15份炭黑色浆,充分搅拌至分散均匀,制得的浆用于中涂,起遮光作用。将中涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度为350g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(2)制得的布料2的A1面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为60g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得布料3,其中涂覆黑色浆料面记作A2面;
(4)在步骤(2)制得的基础浆中加入1份粒径为10-20μm的热膨胀微球,1份粒径为40-50μm的热膨胀微球,分散剂聚氧乙烯脂肪醇1份,充分搅拌至分散均匀,制得的浆用于面涂,将面涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度为350g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(3)制得的布料3的A2面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为57g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得仿植绒风格遮光用布,布料1的B面用于图案喷绘加工。
如图1所示,仿植绒风格遮光用布,包括基布层1,白色底层2,黑色遮光中层3与发泡面层4。
实施例3
一种仿植绒风格遮光用布的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)涤纶机织布的预处理:
将单面磨毛起绒的涤纶机织布放置于盛有防水剂的轧液槽中浸轧,轧余率控制在50%-70%,浸轧后,在160℃条件下进行焙烘1min,得布料1,其中布料1非绒面记作A面,绒面记作B面。
(2)按水性丙烯酸乳液100份,阻燃剂30份,钛白粉30份,稳泡剂12份,交联剂5份,添加氨水将浆料pH调节至8.0,搅拌至分散均匀,制得基础浆,用于底涂。将底涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度在350g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(1)制得的布料1的A面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为60g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得布料2,其中涂层面记作A1面;
(3)在步骤(2)制得的基础浆中加入15份炭黑色浆,充分搅拌至分散均匀,制得的浆用于中涂,起遮光作用。将中涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度为350g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(2)制得的布料2的A1面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为60g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得布料3,其中涂覆黑色浆料面记作A2面;
(4)在步骤(2)制得的基础浆中加入1.2份粒径为30-40μm的热膨胀微球,0.3份粒径为40-50μm的热膨胀微球,1.5份粒径为20-30μm的热膨胀微球,分散剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1.5份,充分搅拌至分散均匀,制得的浆用于面涂,将面涂浆投喂入发泡机器中进行发泡,泡沫密度为380g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤(3)制得的布料3的A2面,车速设置为22m/min,刮涂量为58g/m2,于150℃条件下焙烘1min,然后经压辊压平,得仿植绒风格遮光用布,布料1的B面用于图案喷绘加工。
如图1所示,仿植绒风格遮光用布,包括基布层1,白色底层2,黑色遮光中层3与发泡面层4。
经实验测试,实施例1-3制备的涂层产品可达到的性能指标如表1:
表1仿植绒涂层产品的各性能指标
注:遮光率测试方法参照标准FZ/T 01009-2008;
阻燃测试方法参照标准DIN4102-1 B1;
涂层牢度测试方法参照标准GB/T 5210-1985。
上述实施例1-3制得的仿植绒风格遮光用布均达到了良好的遮光效果、阻燃性能、仿植绒效果和涂层牢度。相对比较,实施例2的仿植绒风格遮光用布发泡倍率更为适宜,发泡更均匀,涂层表面凹凸立体的仿植绒风格更为突出,且涂层牢度最高。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还将可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化,均为本发明的等效实施例;同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变,均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)织布预处理:将绒布置于含有防水剂的轧液中浸轧,浸轧后,在130℃-170℃条件下进行焙烘1-2min,得到布料1,其中布料1非绒面记作A面,绒面记作B面;
2)底涂:将基础浆进行发泡,泡沫密度在300-400g/L;然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤1)制得的布料1的A面,车速为15-30m/min,刮涂量为40-60g/m2,于150-170℃条件下焙烘1-2min,然后经压辊压平,得到布料2,其中涂层面记作A1面;
3)中涂:将中涂浆进行发泡,泡沫密度在300-400g/L,然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤2)制得的布料2的A1面,车速为15-30m/min,刮涂量为40-60g/m2,于150-170℃条件下焙烘1-2min,然后经压辊压平,得到布料3,其中涂覆黑色浆料面记作A2面;
4)面涂:在步骤2)的基础浆中加入1-3份热膨胀微球,非离子分散剂0.5-1.5份,充分搅拌至分散均匀,制得面涂浆,将面涂进行发泡,泡沫密度在300-400g/L,然后将发泡浆料均匀涂覆于步骤3)制得的布料3的A2面,车速为15-30m/min,刮涂量为40-60g/m2,于150-170℃条件下焙烘1-2min,然后经压辊压平,得仿植绒风格遮光用布,布料1的B面用于图案喷绘加工。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中,所述基础浆按重量份计包括以下组分:水性丙烯酸乳液100份,阻燃剂30-40份,钛白粉10-30份,稳泡剂5-15份,交联剂1-5份,分散剂0.5份,基础浆的制备方法为:将水性丙烯酸乳液,阻燃剂,钛白粉,稳泡剂,交联剂,分散剂混合均匀,得到浆料,添加氨水将浆料pH调节至8.0-8.5,搅拌至分散均匀,制得基础浆;所述阻燃剂为三氧化二锑、十溴二苯乙烷中的一种或两种,所述钛白粉的粒径≤3μm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,所述水性丙烯酸乳液的固含量为40-50wt.%,pH为4-5。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,所述交联剂为封闭型脂肪族异氰酸酯。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,所述稳泡剂为硬脂酸铵、琥珀酰胺酸盐或十二烷基二甲基氧化胺中的一种或两种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中,中涂浆为在步骤2)的基础浆中加入10-20份炭黑色浆而得到。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中,所述炭黑色浆的固含量为40-50wt.%,pH为7。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中,所述的热膨胀微球为核壳结构,外壳为丙烯腈和丙烯酸酯共聚物,内核为碳氢化合物组成的球状塑料颗粒,粒径为10-20μm、20-30μm、30-40μm、40-50μm中的一种或多种组合。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种仿植绒风格遮光用涂层布的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中,所述非离子分散剂为聚氧乙烯脂肪醇、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油醇酸脂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种。
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