CN113557059A - 角膜疾病治疗剂 - Google Patents
角膜疾病治疗剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113557059A CN113557059A CN202080019942.8A CN202080019942A CN113557059A CN 113557059 A CN113557059 A CN 113557059A CN 202080019942 A CN202080019942 A CN 202080019942A CN 113557059 A CN113557059 A CN 113557059A
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Abstract
本发明涉及针对角膜疾病的新治疗手段。根据本发明能够提供角膜疾病的治疗剂,其包含下述由式(I)所示的化合物或其盐:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新型的角膜疾病治疗剂及使用其的角膜疾病的治疗方法。
背景技术
角膜是构成眼球的透明层状组织之一。对于人而言,直径为约12mm,中央部的厚度为约0.5mm,周边部的厚度为约0.7mm,并且从表面起由角膜上皮、鲍曼氏膜、角膜基质、角膜后弹力层、角膜内皮这5层构成。角膜上皮细胞发挥着防止异物、病原菌等侵入的屏障功能,如果因各种疾病、外伤而使角膜上皮细胞缺损,则不仅疼痛、难以看见的状态会持续,而且还并发传染病等并发症。另一方面,角膜内皮细胞是维持角膜的含水量和厚度恒定并维持角膜的透明性方面的不可缺少的细胞。角膜内皮细胞的缺损导致角膜的浑浊,引起视力显著下降。由于角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞在眼睛的功能表达中起到重要作用,因此需要开发出导致这些细胞缺损的疾病、外伤的治疗剂。
作为严重的角膜疾病、外伤的治疗法,以往以来已经进行了角膜移植疗法。然而,由于能够提供所需的角膜的供体不足、有时对来源于供体的角膜产生排斥反应,因此期望开发出将角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞在生物体外扩增、然后移植的治疗方法(专利文献1、2)。
近年来,已经报道了促进各种细胞增殖的低分子化合物(专利文献3)。然而,没有报道该化合物对角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进效果。
现有技术文献
非专利文献
专利文献1:国际公开第2013/012087号
专利文献2:国际公开第2013/100208号
专利文献3:国际公开第2019/022222号
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
本发明的目的在于提供用于治疗角膜疾病的药剂、及使用其的角膜疾病的治疗方法。
用于解决课题的手段
本申请的发明人针对上述课题进行了深入研究,结果发现,特定的化合物促进角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞的增殖,并基于上述见解进一步进行研究,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明如下所述。
[1]角膜疾病的治疗剂,其包含下述由式(I)所示的化合物或其盐。
[化学式1]
{式中,X为-NHCO-;R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y及Z各自独立地为单键、或可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基,Ar为可以具有取代基的芳基。);R2为可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基;R3为羟基;n为0、1或2。}
[2]如[1]所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为碳原子数1~4的烷基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或C1-4烷基的苯基或萘基,
Y为单键,及
Z为碳原子数1~4的亚烷基。
[3]如[1]所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为碳原子数1~4的烷基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有卤素原子、C1-4烷基、羟基或C1-4烷氧基的苯基或萘基,
Y为经碳原子数为1~4的烷基取代的碳原子数1~4的亚烷基,及
Z为单键。
[4]如[1]所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基、或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或甲基的苯基,及
Y为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
[5]如[1]所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或卤素原子的苯基,及
Y为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
[6]如[1]所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或甲基的苯基,及
Y为单键。
[7]如[4]所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,Z为单键。
[8]如[5]或[6]所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,Z为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
[9]如[1]~[8]中任一项所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,角膜疾病选自由下述疾病组成的组:角膜上皮病变、浅层点状角膜病变、角膜糜烂、角膜溃疡、干眼症、角膜上皮剥脱、无虹膜症、翼状胬肉、巩膜化角膜、角膜营养不良、角膜炎、角膜上皮干细胞疲弊症、药物损伤、烧伤、史蒂芬斯·强森综合征(Stevens-Johnson syndrome)、眼部类天疱疮、糖尿病角膜病变、疱疹性角膜炎、角膜内皮炎、Fuchs角膜内皮营养不良、滴状角膜、虹膜角膜内皮综合征、及角膜移植后的移植缺陷。
[10]角膜疾病的治疗方法,其包括将下述由式(I)所示的化合物或其盐施予至需要其的对象的步骤。
[化学式2]
{式中,X为-NHCO-;R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y及Z各自独立地为单键、或可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基,Ar为可以具有取代基的芳基。);R2为可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基;R3为羟基;n为0、1或2。}
[11]促进角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖的方法,其特征在于,在包含下述由式(I)所示的化合物或其盐的培养基组合物中进行角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的培养。
[化学式3]
{式中,X为-NHCO-;R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y及Z各自独立地为单键、或可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基,Ar为可以具有取代基的芳基。);R2为可以具有取代基的碳原子数为1~6的烷基;R3为羟基;n为0、1或2。}
[12]角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的制造方法,其特征在于,使用前述[11]所述的方法。
[13]由下式表示的化合物或其盐。
[化学式4]
[14]角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进剂,其包含下述由式(I)所示的化合物或其盐。
[化学式5]
{式中,X为-NHCO-;R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y及Z各自独立地为单键、或可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基,Ar为可以具有取代基的芳基。);R2为可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基;R3为羟基;n为0、1或2。}
[15]如[14]所述的角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进剂,其中,
R2为碳原子数1~4的烷基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或C1-4烷基的苯基或萘基,
Y为单键,及
Z为碳原子数1~4的亚烷基。
[16]如[14]所述的角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进剂,其中,
R2为碳原子数为1~4的烷基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有卤素原子、C1-4烷基、羟基或C1-4烷氧基的苯基或萘基,
Y为经碳原子数1~4的烷基取代的碳原子数1~4的亚烷基,及
Z为单键。
[17]如[14]所述的角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或甲基的苯基,及
Y为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
[18]如[14]所述的角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或卤素原子的苯基,及
Y为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
[19]如[14]所述的角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或甲基的苯基,及
Y为单键。
[20]如[17]所述的角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进剂,其中,Z为单键。
[21]如[18]或[19]所述的角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进剂,其中,Z为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
发明的效果
根据本发明,能够有效地促进角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞的增殖。因此,根据本发明,能够治疗伴随角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞缺损的疾病、外伤。此外,能够在生物体外高效地制造移植用的角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞。
具体实施方式
本说明书中,使用的术语如下定义。
本说明书中,n-表示正,i-表示异,sec-表示仲,以及tert-表示叔。另外,本说明书中,o-表示邻位,m-表示间位,以及p-表示对位。
“卤素原子”是指氟原子、氯原子、溴原子或碘原子。“卤代基”是指氟、氯、溴或碘。
“碳原子数1~6的烷基”是指碳原子数1~6的直链或支链状的烷基,具体而言,可举出甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、叔戊基、新戊基、2-戊基、3-戊基、正己基、2-己基等C1-6烷基。作为上述烷基,优选碳原子数为1~4的低级烷基(C1-4烷基),特别优选甲基及乙基。
“环状烷基”是指在没有特别限定的情况下,优选碳原子数为3~8的环状烷基(C3-8环状烷基),例如可举出环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基等。另外,在记载有“在环中可以包含杂原子”的情况下,还包括可以包含1个以上的杂原子作为环构成原子的3~8元饱和杂环基。作为3~8元饱和杂环基,例如可举出四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、氮丙啶基、氮杂环丁烷基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、吗啉基等。
“芳基”可举出至少1个环为芳香族基团、且各环具有5~8个环原子的单环式、二环式、三环式及四环式碳环式基团,具体而言,可举出苯基、茚基、萘基、芴基等。作为芳基,优选为苯基、茚基、萘基等C6-10芳基,更优选为苯基或萘基,特别优选为苯基。
“碳原子数1~6的亚烷基”是指碳原子数1~6的直链的碳链,具体而言,可举出亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基、亚丁基、亚戊基、亚己基等基团。作为上述亚烷基,优选碳原子数为1~4的亚烷基,更优选为亚甲基。
“杂芳基”是指至少1个环原子为杂原子、其余的环原子为碳的单环式、二环式或多环式芳香族杂环基团。作为单环式杂芳基,没有限定,可举出至少1个环原子为杂原子、其余的环原子为碳的5元或6元芳香族杂环基团。作为上述杂芳基,具体而言,例如可举出呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、三唑基、四唑基、噻二唑基、噁二唑基、吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基等单环式芳香族杂环基;吲哚基、异吲哚基、吲唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、蝶啶基、咪唑并噁唑基、咪唑并噻唑基、咪唑并咪唑基、苯并噁二唑基、苯并噻二唑基、苯并噁嗪基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并噻嗪基、呋喃并[2,3-b]吡啶基、噻吩并[2,3-b]吡啶基、萘啶基、咪唑并吡啶基、噁唑并吡啶基、噻唑并吡啶基、嘌呤基、咔唑基、二苯并噻吩基等二环式或多环式芳香族杂环基团。
“可以具有取代基”是指未取代、或在可取代的位置具有1个或2个以上的取代基,具有2个以上的取代基时的各取代基可以相同也可以不同。
“碳原子数1~6的烷基”、“芳基”及“碳原子数1~6的亚烷基”各自可具有取代基,作为这样的取代基,例如可举出以下的基团。需要说明的是,作为相对于“碳原子数1~6的烷基”的取代基,可举出下述(1)~(40),作为相对于“芳基”及“碳原子数1~6的亚烷基”的取代基,可举出下述(1)~(41)。
(1)卤代基、
(2)羟基、
(3)氰基、
(4)硝基、
(5)羧基、
(6)链烯基(C2-10链烯基;例如,乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、丁二烯基、己三烯基、及其各异构体)、
(7)炔基(C2-10炔基;例如,乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、及其各异构体)、
(8)卤代烷基(例如,单氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、单氟乙基、二氟乙基、三氟乙基、氯甲基、氯乙基、二氯乙基、及其各异构体)、
(9)环状烷基(在环中可以含杂原子)(C3-8环烷基;例如,环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等3~8元饱和杂环基;例如四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、氮丙啶基、氮杂环丁烷基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、吗啉基等)、
(10)芳基(C6-10芳基;例如,苯基、萘基)、
(11)杂芳基(5元或6元单环式杂芳基;例如,吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、三唑基(例如,1,2,3-三唑基、1,2,4-三唑基)、四唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噁二唑基(例如,1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,3,4-噁二唑基)、噻二唑基(例如,1,2,3-噻二唑基、1,2,4-噻二唑基、1,3,4-噻二唑基)等二环式杂芳基;苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁二唑基、苯并噻二唑基、嘌呤基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、蝶啶基、咪唑并噁唑基、咪唑并噻唑基、咪唑并咪唑基等)、
(12)烷氧基(C1-6烷氧基;例如,甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基、异戊氧基、叔戊氧基、新戊氧基、2-戊氧基、3-戊氧基、正己氧基、2-己氧基)、
(13)烷基硫基(C1-6烷基硫基;例如,甲基硫基、乙基硫基、正丙基硫基、异丙基硫基、正丁基硫基、异丁基硫基、仲丁基硫基、叔丁基硫基、正戊基硫基、异戊基硫基、叔戊基硫基、新戊基硫基、2-戊基硫基、3-戊基硫基、正己基硫基、2-己基硫基)、
(14)经芳基(与上述(10)含义相同)取代的烷氧基(与上述(12)含义相同)、
(15)经芳基(与上述(10)含义相同)取代的烷基硫基(与上述(13)含义相同)、
(16)经杂芳基(与上述(11)含义相同)取代的烷氧基(与上述(12)含义相同)、
(17)经杂芳基(与上述(11)含义相同)取代的烷基硫基(与上述(13)含义相同)、
(18)环状烷基(在环中可以含杂原子)氧基(C3-8环烷基;例如,环丙基氧基、环丁基氧基、环戊基氧基、环己基氧基等3~8元饱和杂环基;例如,四氢呋喃基氧基、四氢吡喃基氧基、氮丙啶基氧基、氮杂环丁烷基氧基、吡咯烷基氧基、哌啶基氧基、吗啉基氧基等)、
(19)芳基氧基(例如,芳基(与上述(10)含义相同)与氧原子键合而成的基团)、
(20)杂芳基氧基(例如,杂芳基(与上述(11)含义相同)与氧原子键合而成的基团)、
(21)卤代烷氧基(例如,卤代烷基(与上述(8)含义相同)与氧原子键合而成的基团)、
(22)卤代烷基硫基(例如,卤代烷基(与上述(8)含义相同)与硫原子键合而成的基团)、
(23)经羟基取代的烷氧基(与上述(12)含义相同)、
(24)经烷氧基(与上述(12)含义相同)取代的烷氧基(与上述(12)含义相同)、
(25)氨基、
(26)经烷基单取代或二取代的氨基、
其中,“烷基”可举出C1-6烷基,具体而言,可举出甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、叔戊基、新戊基、2-戊基、3-戊基、正己基、2-己基等。
(27)氨基甲酰基、
(28)经烷基(与上述(26)中的“烷基”含义相同)单取代或二取代的氨基甲酰基(例如,甲基氨基甲酰基、乙基氨基甲酰基、二甲基氨基甲酰基、二乙基氨基甲酰基、乙基甲基氨基甲酰基等)、
(29)氨基磺酰基(sulfamoyl)、
(30)经烷基(与上述(26)中的“烷基”含义相同)单取代或二取代的氨基磺酰基(例如,甲基氨基磺酰基、乙基氨基磺酰基、二甲基氨基磺酰基、二乙基氨基磺酰基、乙基甲基氨基磺酰基等)、
(31)烷酰基(例如,氢原子或烷基(与上述(26)中的“烷基”含义相同)与羰基键合而成的基团)、
(32)芳酰基(例如,芳基(与上述(10)含义相同)与羰基键合而成的基团)、
(33)烷基磺酰基氨基(例如,经烷基(与上述(26)中的“烷基”含义相同)取代的磺酰基氨基)
(34)芳基磺酰基氨基(例如,经芳基(与上述(10)含义相同)取代的磺酰基氨基)、
(35)杂芳基磺酰基氨基(例如,经杂芳基(与上述(11)含义相同)取代的磺酰基氨基)、
(36)酰基氨基(例如,经酰基取代的氨基)、
其中,“酰基”是指例如氢原子或C1-6烷基与羰基键合而成的基团(C1-7烷酰基)、C6-10芳基与羰基键合而成的基团(C7-11芳酰基)等。其中,“C1-6烷基”是指在上述“烷基”之中、碳原子数为1~6的基团,“C6-10芳基”是指在上述“芳基”之中、碳原子数为6~10的基团。作为酰基,具体而言,可举出甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、丁酰基、异丁酰基、戊酰基、异戊酰基、新戊酰基、己酰基、丙烯酰基、甲基丙烯酰基、巴豆酰基、异巴豆酰基、苯甲酰基、萘甲酰基等,
(37)烷氧基羰基氨基(例如,经烷氧基(与上述(12)含义相同)取代的羰基氨基)、
(38)烷基磺酰基(例如,经烷基(与上述(26)中“烷基”含义相同)取代的磺酰基)、
(39)烷基亚磺酰基(例如,经烷基(与上述(26)中“烷基”含义相同)取代的亚磺酰基)、
(40)烷氧基羰基(例如,甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基)、
(41)烷基(C1-6烷基;例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、叔戊基、新戊基、2-戊基、3-戊基、正己基、2-己基等)等。
存在2个以上取代基的情况下,它们可相同也可不同。
本发明中使用的特定化合物如下述式(I)所示。为下式表示的化合物、或其盐(以下,有时统称为式(I)表示的化合物或其盐,简称为“本发明中使用的特定化合物”、“形成本发明的化合物”等)。
[化学式6]
{式中,X为-NHCO-;R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y及Z各自独立地为单键、或可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基;Ar为可以具有取代基的芳基。);R2为可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基;R3为羟基;n为0、1或2。}
式(I)所示的化合物可以是盐的形态。作为前述式(I)表示的化合物的盐,可举出例如与盐酸、氢溴酸等无机酸形成的盐、以及与乙酸、丙酸、酒石酸、富马酸、马来酸、苹果酸、草酸、琥珀酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸等有机酸形成的盐等。它们的盐可根据已知的方法制造。
式(I)所示的化合物根据取代基的种类而有时存在具有E立体构型的E型及具有Z立体构型的Z型这样的几何异构体。本发明包含上述E型、Z型或以任意比例含有E型及Z型的混合物。
另外,式(I)所示的化合物有时存在起因于1个或2个以上的不对称碳原子的存在的光学活性体,但其包含式(I)所示的化合物全部的光学活性体或外消旋体。
[1.角膜疾病的治疗剂]
本发明提供包含下述由式(I)所示的化合物或其盐的、角膜的疾病及外伤的治疗剂(以下,有时称为“角膜疾病的治疗剂”或“本发明的治疗剂”等的情况)。
[化学式7]
{式中,X为-NHCO-;R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y及Z各自独立地为单键、或可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基;Ar为可以具有取代基的芳基。);R2为可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基;R3为羟基;n为0、1或2}。
在一个方式中,在Y为单键的情况下,Z为可以具有取代基的亚烷基(更优选为不具有取代基的亚烷基,特别优选为亚甲基),Ar为可以具有取代基(更优选为卤素原子、甲基、羟基或甲氧基)的芳基(更优选为具有羟基的芳基或不具有取代基的芳基,特别优选为具有苯基或羟基的苯基),R2为可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基(更优选为不具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基,特别优选为乙基),n为0、1或2,优选n为0。
另外,Y为可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基(更优选为具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基,特别优选以甲基或乙基取代的亚甲基)时,Z为单键,Ar为可以具有取代基的芳基(更优选为具有取代基的芳基,特别优选为具有卤代基、甲基、羟基或者乙氧基的苯基或萘基),R2为可以具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基(更优选为不具有取代基的碳原子数1~6的烷基,特别优选为甲基、乙基或异丙基),n为0、1或2,优选n为0。
作为式(I)所示的化合物的具体的优选方式,例如可举出以下的化合物。
[化合物(I-1)]
式(I)所示的化合物,其中,前述式(I)中,
X为-NHCO-,
R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y为单键;Z为碳原子数1~6的亚烷基(C1-6亚烷基);Ar为可以具有卤素原子、C1-6烷基、羟基或C1-6烷氧基的C6-10芳基。),
R2为碳原子数1~6的烷基(C1-6烷基),
R3为羟基,且
n为0、1或2。
[化合物(I-2)]
式(I)所示的化合物,其中,前述式(I)中,
X为-NHCO-,
R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y为单键;Z为碳原子数为1~4的亚烷基(C1-4亚烷基);Ar为可以具有羟基或C1-4烷基的苯基或萘基。),
R2为碳原子数为1~4的烷基(C1-4烷基;例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基),且
n为0。
[化合物(I-3)]
式(I)所示的化合物,其中,前述式(I)中,
X为-NHCO-,
R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y为单键;Z为亚甲基;Ar为可以具有羟基或甲基的苯基。),
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基(优选为乙基),且
n为0。
[化合物(I-4)]
式(I)所示的化合物,其中,前述式(I)中,
X为-NHCO-,
R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y为经碳原子数1~6的烷基(C1-6烷基)取代的碳原子数1~6的亚烷基(C1-6亚烷基);Z为单键;Ar为可以具有卤素原子、C1-6烷基、羟基或C1-6烷氧基的C6-10芳基。),
R2为碳原子数1~6的烷基(C1-6烷基),
R3为羟基,且
n为0、1或2。
[化合物(I-5)]
式(I)所示的化合物,其中,前述式(I)中,
X为-NHCO-,
R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y为经碳原子数1~4的烷基(C1-4烷基)取代的碳原子数1~4的亚烷基(C1-4亚烷基);Z为单键;Ar为可以具有卤素原子、C1-4烷基、羟基或C1-4烷氧基的苯基或萘基。),
R2为碳原子数为1~4的烷基(C1-4烷基),且
n为0。
[化合物(I-6)]
式(I)所示的化合物,其中,前述式(I)中,
X为-NHCO-,
R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y为经甲基或乙基取代的亚甲基;Z为单键;Ar为可以具有卤素原子、甲基、乙基、羟基、甲氧基或乙氧基的苯基(优选为可以具有羟基或甲基的苯基)。),
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,且
n为0。
[化合物(I-7)]
式(I)所示的化合物,其中,前述式(I)中,
X为-NHCO-,
R1为-Y-NH-Z-Ar(式中,Y为经甲基或乙基取代的亚甲基;Z为单键;Ar为可以具有卤素原子(优选氟原子、溴原子)或羟基的苯基。),R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,且
n为0。
作为式(I)所示的化合物的特别优选的具体例,可举出后述的表1中记载的化合物。
本发明的治疗剂的应用对象只要是有罹患角膜疾病的可能性的动物,则没有特别限定,但本发明的治疗剂的应用对象通常为哺乳动物,可例示出人、狗、猫、牛、羊、猪、马、小鼠、大鼠等。优选本发明的治疗剂的应用对象为人。
本发明的治疗剂在提供时或保存时可为任意的形状。本发明的治疗剂可为固态状、液体状、及凝胶状等形状。本发明的治疗剂通常可以作为片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、糖浆剂等经口施予剂、滴眼剂、眼软膏剂、经皮吸收剂或眼科用注射剂来施予。在这些之中,由于能够微创且简便地施予至眼局部,因此优选滴眼剂、眼软膏剂、眼科用注射剂,最优选滴眼剂。本发明的治疗剂能够单独地、或作为与其他治疗药的混合物进行施予。它们可以按式(I)所示的化合物单体施予,但通常按药物组合物的形态施予。这些制剂可以添加药理上、制剂学上可接受的添加剂并通过常规方法进行制造。即,经口剂中可以使用通常的赋形剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、湿润剂、增塑剂、涂布剂等添加剂。经口用液剂可以是水性或油性悬浮液、溶液、乳浊液、糖浆、酏剂等形态,或作为在使用前用水或其他适当的溶剂进行制备的干糖浆来提供。前述液剂可以包含悬浮化剂、香料、稀释剂或乳化剂这样的通常的添加剂。就眼科用注射剂而言,为了形成水性剂型或即溶型剂型,可使用注射用蒸馏水、生理盐水、5%葡萄糖溶液、丙二醇等溶解剂或者助溶剂、pH调节剂、等渗剂、稳定剂等制剂成分。
眼软膏剂可以利用白凡士林、液体石蜡等通用的基材而制备。滴眼剂可以根据需要使用下述物质制备:氯化钠、氯化钾、甘油、丙二醇等等渗剂;磷酸钠、乙酸钠、硼酸钠、碳酸钠等缓冲剂;聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙二醇、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油等表面活性剂;依地酸二钠、柠檬酸钠等稳定剂;苯扎氯铵、山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯等防腐剂;甲基纤维素、羟基甲基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮等增粘剂;抗坏血酸、生育酚等抗氧化剂;等等。pH只要在眼科制剂中可接受的范围内即可,优选4~8的范围。在调节pH时,可以使用盐酸、磷酸、柠檬酸、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠等。以下,例示了本发明的治疗剂的制剂例,但不限定于这些。
制剂例1
制造含有以下成分的眼软膏剂(100g中)。
成分
式(I)所示的化合物 300mg
液体石蜡 10g
白凡士林 适量
制剂例2
制造含有以下成分的滴眼剂(100mL中)。
成分
式(I)所示的化合物 500mg
氢氧化钠 900mg
灭菌纯化水 适量
制剂例3
制造含有以下成分的滴眼剂(100mL中)。
成分
制剂例4
制造含有以下成分的片剂。
成分
制剂例5
制造含有以下成分的注射用制剂。
式(I)所示的化合物 100mg
饱和脂肪酸甘油酯 1000mL
本发明的治疗剂中所含有的特定化合物或其盐的含量没有特别限制,但在滴眼剂的情况下,优选下限为0.001%(w/v),更优选为0.01%(w/v),进一步优选为0.1%(w/v),最优选为0.5%(w/v)。上限优选为5%(w/v),更优选为3%(w/v),进一步优选为2%(w/v),最优选为1%(w/v)。
在将本发明的治疗剂对人施予时,特定化合物或其盐的施予量没有特别限制,可根据患者的年龄、性别、状态而适当选择。例如,在眼局部施予时,施予量为每1天0.00001~100mg,优选为0.001~10mg,更优选为0.01~1mg,最优选为0.1~0.5mg。施予可为单次施予或多次施予。例如,在本发明的治疗剂为滴眼剂时,可以1天1~3次、更优选为1天1~2次、最优选为1天1次以1次量为1~5滴、更优选为1~2滴、最优选为1滴进行施予。其中,1滴通常为0.01~0.1mL。这些数值仅是例示,施予量可根据患者的症状来确定。
可将下述可用于本发明的特定化合物的衍生物作为前药而进行利用,所述可用于本发明的特定化合物的衍生物通过加溶剂分解或生理条件下在体内生成本发明的药理学活性化合物,且具有可以化学或代谢分解的基团。对适当的前药进行选择的方法及进行制造的方法例如记载于Design of Prodrugs(Elsevier,Amsterdam 1985)。在本发明中,为具有羟基的化合物时,作为前药,可例示通过使该化合物与适当的酰卤或与适当的酸酐反应而得到的酰氧基衍生物。就作为前药的特别优选的酰氧基,可举出-OCOC2H5、-OCO(t-Bu)、-OCOC15H31、-OCO(m-CO2Na-Ph)、-OCOCH2CH2CO2Na、-OCOCH(NH2)CH3、-OCOCH2N(CH3)2等。形成本发明的化合物具有氨基时,作为前药,可例示通过使具有氨基的化合物与适当的酰卤化物或适当的混合酸酐反应而制造的酰胺衍生物。就作为前药的特别优选的酰胺,可举出-NHCO(CH2)20OCH3、-NHCOCH(NH2)CH3等。
作为可应用本发明的治疗剂的角膜疾病,可举出角膜上皮病变、浅层点状角膜病变、角膜糜烂、角膜溃疡、干眼症、角膜上皮剥脱、无虹膜症、翼状胬肉、巩膜化角膜、角膜营养不良、角膜炎、角膜上皮干细胞疲弊症、药物损伤、烧伤、史蒂芬斯·强森综合征(Stevens-Johnson syndrome)、眼部类天疱疮、糖尿病角膜病变、疱疹性角膜炎、角膜内皮炎、Fuchs角膜内皮营养不良、滴状角膜、虹膜角膜内皮综合征、角膜移植后的移植缺陷等。
本发明的治疗剂以促进角膜细胞(角膜上皮细胞及/或角膜内皮细胞)的增殖作为治疗角膜疾病的主要作用机制。因此,本发明的治疗剂也可以换言之为角膜细胞(角膜上皮细胞及/或角膜内皮细胞)的增殖促进剂(以下,也称为“本发明的增殖促进剂”)。需要说明的是,本发明的增殖促进剂可以应用于本发明的治疗剂的应用对象,另外,也可以添加于试验用或移植用的角膜细胞的培养基中。
[2.角膜疾病的治疗方法]
另外,本发明提供角膜疾病的治疗方法(以下,有时称为“本发明的治疗方法”),角膜疾病的治疗方法包括将有效量的前述式(I)所示的化合物或其盐施予至需要其的对象的步骤。
本发明的治疗方法中的式(I)所示的化合物、治疗对象、施予量、施予途径、施予次数、可应用的角膜疾病等与[1.角膜疾病的治疗剂]中的记载是同样的。
[3.角膜细胞的增殖促进方法]
另外,本发明提供角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进方法,所述方法的特征在于,应用包含前述式(I)所示的化合物或其盐的培养基组合物(以下,有时称为“本发明的培养基”等)。通过使用本发明的角膜细胞的增殖促进方法,可以实现促进角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞的增殖及/或促进细胞凝集块(细胞球,sphere)的形成。
对于本发明的培养基中作为有效成分所含的特定化合物的浓度而言,只要可得到本发明所期望的效果即可,没有特别限定,例如其浓度的下限值通常可以为0.001μM以上,优选为0.01μM以上,更优选为0.1μM以上,进一步优选为1μM以上,特别优选为10μM以上。另外,其浓度的上限值通常可以为100μM以下,优选为50μM以下,特别优选为10μM以下。
本发明的培养基除配合有本发明中使用的化合物或本发明的组合物以外,还可以与已知的培养基的组成同样。
在一个方式中,本发明的培养基可以通过向市售的培养基中添加本发明中使用的特定化合物或含有特定化合物的组合物(以下,也称为“本发明的组合物”)来制备。作为该组合物的成分,例如可含有水、生理盐水、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、甘油、丙二醇、丁二醇、及甲醇、乙醇、丁醇、丙醇等各种醇等。另外,本发明的组合物可根据需要施以灭菌处理。灭菌方法没有特别限定,例如可举出放射线灭菌、环氧乙烷气体灭菌、高压釜灭菌、过滤器灭菌等。对于进行过滤器灭菌(以下有时也称为“过滤灭菌”)时的过滤器部分的材质,没有特别限定,例如可举出玻璃纤维、尼龙、PES(聚醚砜)、亲水性PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)、纤维素混合酯、纤维素乙酸酯、聚四氟乙烯等。另外,本发明的组合物在提供时或保存时可为任意的形状。该组合物可以是片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂这样的经制剂化的固体、溶解在合适的溶剂及溶解剂中的溶液或悬浮液这样的液体、或结合于基板、载体上的状态。
作为能通过添加本发明中使用的特定化合物或本发明的组合物来制成本发明的培养基的市售的培养基,只要能得到所期望的效果即可,没有特别限定,例如可举出杜氏改良Eagle培养基(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium;DMEM)、Ham F12培养基(Ham’sNutrient Mixture F12)、DMEM/F12培养基、McCoy 5A培养基(McCoy’s 5A medium)、Eagle’s MEM(Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium;EMEM)、αMEM(alpha Modified Eagle’sMinimum Essential Medium;αMEM)、MEM(Minimum Essential Medium)、RPMI1640培养基、Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium(Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium;IMDM)、MCDB131培养基、William培养基E、IPL41培养基、Fischer’s培养基、StemPro34(Invitrogen公司制)、X-VIVO 10(Cambrex公司制)、X-VIVO 15(Cambrex公司制)、HPGM(Cambrex公司制)、StemlineII(Sigma Aldrich公司制)、QBSF-60(Qualitybiological公司制)、StemProhESCSFM(Invitrogen公司制)、CSTI-7培养基(株式会社细胞科学研究所制)、MesenPRO RS培养基(Gibco公司制)、MF-Medium(注册商标)间充质干细胞增殖培养基(东洋纺株式会社制)、间充质干细胞用培养基(PromoCell GmbH制)、Sf-900II(Invitrogen公司制)、Opti-Pro(Invitrogen公司制)、角膜上皮细胞基础培养基(ATCC(注册商标)、PCS-700-030(注册商标))、Prigrow medium(Applied Biological Materials公司制)、Eagle基础培养基(Basal Medium Eagle)、BGJb培养基、CMRL1066培养基等培养基。另外,可使用向这些培养基中添加脱酰基结冷胶等多糖类制成三维细胞培养培养基而得到的培养基。作为这样的三维细胞培养培养基,可举出例如FCeM(注册商标)(日产化学株式会社制),但不限于此。
另外,可根据目的而向上述的培养基中添加钠、钾、钙、镁、磷、氯、各种氨基酸、各种维生素、抗生素、血清、脂肪酸、糖、细胞生长因子、分化诱导因子、细胞粘附因子、抗体、酶、细胞因子、激素、凝集素、细胞外基质、生理活性物质等。作为具体的例子,可举出碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、转化生长因子-β、表皮生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子、Wnt蛋白、干扰素类、白介素类、血管内皮细胞生长因子、白蛋白、胰岛素、β-巯基乙醇、Knockout SerumReplacement(KSR、Thermo Fisher Scientific公司制)、Glutamax(Thermo FisherScientific公司制)、氢化可的松、肾上腺素、L-谷氨酰胺、丙酮酸、亚硒酸等,但不限于此。
本发明的培养基中的细胞的培养可使用通常用于细胞培养的培养皿、培养瓶、塑料袋、Teflon(注册商标)袋、皿、陪替氏培养皿(Petri Dish)、组织培养用皿、多皿、微孔培养板、微孔板、多片板、多孔板、腔室载玻片(chamber slide)、管、盘、培养袋、滚瓶等培养容器实施。这些培养容器中可以包被胶原蛋白、明胶、层粘连蛋白、纤连蛋白、玻连蛋白、Matrigel(注册商标)、聚-L-鸟氨酸/层粘连蛋白或聚-D-赖氨酸等细胞外基质。在形成细胞凝集块(细胞球)时,为了使细胞不粘接于培养容器,这些培养容器优选为细胞低粘接性。作为细胞低粘附性的培养容器,可使用培养容器的表面未基于提高与细胞的粘合性的目的而进行人工处理(例如,利用细胞外基质等的包被处理)的培养容器、或者培养容器的表面基于减弱与细胞的粘合性的目的而经过人工处理的培养容器。作为这样的容器的例子,可举出Sumilon细胞紧密板(SUMITOMO BAKELITE株式会社制)、PrimeSurface(注册商标)板(SUMITOMO BAKELITE株式会社制)、超低粘附表面板(Corning公司制)、Nunclon Sphera板(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司制)等,但不限于此。
作为利用本发明的培养基来达到细胞增殖促进等的细胞种类,可举出角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞。例如,角膜内皮细胞可利用从角膜组织剥离后弹性层并利用酶学处理来分离内皮细胞而得到。这些细胞可以是通过病毒、基因组编辑等进行了基因操作的细胞。另外,还可以优选由胚胎干细胞、诱导多能干细胞等多能干细胞分化诱导而得到的角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞。需要说明的是,这些细胞的来源也没有特别限定,优选来源于大鼠、小鼠、兔、豚鼠、松鼠、仓鼠、田鼠、鸭嘴兽、海豚、鲸、犬、猫、山羊、牛、马、绵羊、猪、大象、普通狨、松鼠猴、猕猴、黑猩猩、人等哺乳动物的细胞。
如上所述,由于本发明的培养基能够促进角膜细胞(角膜上皮细胞及/或角膜内皮细胞)的增殖,因此也可以换言之为角膜细胞(角膜上皮细胞及/或角膜内皮细胞)增殖促进用培养基组合物。
[4.角膜细胞的制造方法]
另外,本发明提供角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞的制造方法(以下,有时称为“本发明的制造方法”),其特征在于,使用包含有效量的前述式(I)所示的化合物或其盐的培养基。通过本发明的制造方法得到的角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞可以适合用作治疗角膜疾病时的移植用细胞。
对于本发明的制造方法中的式(I)所示的化合物、其添加量、培养的细胞、成为使用所得到的细胞进行移植治疗的对象的角膜疾病等而言,与[1.角膜疾病的治疗剂]及[3.角膜细胞的增殖促进方法]中的记载同样。
本发明的方法中的细胞培养条件(例如,温度、二氧化碳浓度、培养时间等)使用自身已知的方法即可,或者可根据目的而适当改变。例如,就培养细胞时的温度而言,若为动物细胞则通常为25℃~39℃,优选为33℃~39℃(例如37℃)。就二氧化碳浓度而言,通常,培养的气氛中为4体积%~10体积%,优选为4体积%~6体积%。就培养时间而言,通常为1至35天,根据培养的目的适当设定即可。
在以下的实施例中进一步具体地说明本发明,但本发明不限定于这些例子。
实施例
式(I)所示的化合物可以根据国际公开第2019/022222号或国际公开第2019/235569号中记载的方法或依据它们的方法进行制造。在本发明的实施例中使用的化合物的例子示于表1,但可在本发明中使用的化合物不仅限于这些。
表中,Me的记载表示甲基,以下同样,Et的记载表示乙基。R4中的(R)表示R构型,(rac)是指外消旋体。另外,R5为芳基的取代基,芳基的取代基与前述的记载同样。需要说明的是,R5中的“-”的记载表示未取代。结构式中记载的编号表示R5的取代位置。n为0、1或2,m为0、1、2、3、4或5。存在多个R5时,R5各自可以相同、或者也可以不同。
〔表1〕
[化学式8]
[表1]
化合物编号 | R<sub>2</sub> | n | X | R<sub>4</sub> | R<sub>5</sub> | m |
k-1:B-1 | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)-NH- | Me(rac) | - | 0 |
k-1:J-1 | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-NH-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)- | H | 3-OH | 1 |
k-1:D-1 | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)-NH- | H | 3-OH | 1 |
k-1:H-1 | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)-NH- | H | - | 0 |
k-1:I-10 | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-NH-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)- | Me(rac) | 3-OH | 1 |
GA-002A | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)-NH- | Me(R) | - | 0 |
GA-005A | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)-NH- | Me(R) | 3OH | 1 |
CE-001 | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-NH-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)- | H | 3-OH,5-F | 2 |
CE-002 | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-NH-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)- | H | 3-OH,4-F | 2 |
CE-003 | Et | 0 | -NH-C(O)-NH-CH(R<sub>4</sub>)- | H | 3-OH,5-Br | 2 |
上述表1中记载的化合物中,k-1:B-1、k-1:J-1、k-1:D-1、k-1:H-1、k-1:I-10、GA-002A及GA-005A记载于国际公开第2019/022222号或国际公开第2019/235569号,CE-001、CE-002及CE-003为新型化合物。
以下,示出本发明的新型化合物的合成方法及结构式。需要说明的是,1H-NMR表示质子核磁共振光谱,以270MHz在氘代二甲基亚砜中进行测定。关于化学位移值,将四甲基硅烷的值记载为0.00ppm。另外,s的记载表示单峰,以下同样地,brs表示宽单峰,d表示二重峰,dd表示双二重峰,t表示三重峰,q表示四重峰,m表示多重峰。
〔合成例1〕CE-001的合成
[化学式9]
在冰冷却下,将氢化铝锂(554mg,14.6mmol)悬浮在THF(20mL)中,加入3-氟-5-羟基苯甲腈(1)(1.0g,7.3mmol),并于室温搅拌2小时,于60℃搅拌18小时。放冷后,追加氢化铝锂(830mg,21.9mmol),进一步搅拌4小时。在冰冷却下,依次加入蒸馏水(1.4mL)、15%氢氧化钠水溶液(1.4mL)、蒸馏水(4.2mL),将析出的固体通过硅藻土过滤而过滤分离。将滤液减压浓缩,由此得到作为无色固体的化合物(2)(726mg,5.14mmol,收率70%)。将得到的化合物(2)(726mg,5.14mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(6.5mL)、蒸馏水(6.5mL),在冰冷却下缓慢滴加氯甲酸苯酯(1.3mL,10mmol)。于室温搅拌3小时,进行分液。将有机层用无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤,并在减压下浓缩,将得到的残渣用中压硅胶柱色谱(硅胶60g,乙酸乙酯/己烷=0/100~50/50)纯化,得到作为无色固体的化合物(3)(442mg,1.69mmol,收率33%)。将所得到的化合物(3)(0.44g,1.7mmol)溶解于乙醇(3.4mL),加入一水合肼(0.41mL,8.5mmol),于60℃搅拌18小时。将反应溶液在减压下浓缩,进行甲苯共沸,从而得到化合物(4)(273mg,1.37mmol,收率81%)。将所得到的化合物(4)(144mg,0.723mmol)及2’,4’-二羟基-3’-甲基苯丙酮(5)(100mg,0.55mmol)溶解于DMSO(1.1mL),于100℃搅拌3天。放冷后,将反应溶液直接用中压硅胶柱色谱(硅胶30g,乙酸乙酯/己烷=50/50~100/0)纯化,将得到的固体用水悬浮洗涤,由此得到作为无色固体的CE-001(99.6mg,0.276mmol,收率50%)。
1H-NMR(270MHz);δ13.41(s,1H),9.87(s,1H),9.61(s,1H),9.54(s,1H),7.17(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.84(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.60-6.40(m,3H),6.37(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),4.26(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),2.66(q,J=8.1Hz,2H),1.97(s,3H),1.08(t,J=8.1Hz,3H).
〔合成例2〕CE-002的合成
[化学式10]
将5-氨基甲基-2-氟苯酚盐酸盐(6)(0.50g,2.1mmol)悬浮在二氯甲烷(5.0mL)、水(5.0mL)中,加入碳酸氢钠(1.16g,14.0mmol),在冰冷却下缓慢滴加氯甲酸苯酯(0.58mL,5.0mmol),于室温搅拌2.5小时。加入乙酸乙酯(30mL)而进行分液,用乙酸乙酯(20mL×2)萃取,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压浓缩,由此得到作为无色固体的化合物(7)(0.95g)。将所得到的化合物(7)(0.95g)悬浮在乙醇(4.0mL)中,加入一水合肼(1.0mL、21mmol),于60℃搅拌5小时。将反应溶液在减压下浓缩,并将所得到的淡黄色固体用二氯甲烷洗涤,然后用中压硅胶柱色谱(硅胶30g,甲醇/二氯甲烷=1/99~10/90)纯化,由此得到作为淡黄色固体的化合物(8)(0.41g,2.0mmol,2工序收率98%)。将所得到的化合物(8)(144mg,0.72mmol)、2’,4’-二羟基-3’-甲基苯丙酮(5)(100mg,0.55mmol)溶解于DMSO(1.0mL),并于100℃搅拌1天。放冷后,将反应溶液直接用中压硅胶柱色谱(硅胶30g,甲醇/二氯甲烷=1/99~5/95)纯化,向所得到的纯化物中加入水,滤取所析出的固体,并用二氯甲烷悬浮洗涤,由此得到作为无色固体的CE-002(96.4mg,0.267mmol,收率48%)。
1H-NMR(270MHz);δ13.43(s,1H),9.82(brs,1H),9.59(s,1H),9.55(brs,1H),7.17(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.11-7.00(m,1H),6.91(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),6.79(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.75-6.70(m,1H),6.37(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),4.23(d,J=5.4Hz,2H),2.65(q,J=8.1Hz,2H),1.97(s,3H),1.07(t,J=8.1Hz,3H).
〔合成例3〕CE-003的合成
[化学式11]
将5-氨基甲基-2-溴苯酚盐酸盐(9)(0.48g,2.0mmol)悬浮在二氯甲烷(5.0mL)、水(5.0mL)中,加入碳酸氢钠(1.16g,14.0mmol),在冰冷却下缓慢滴加氯甲酸苯酯(0.56mL,4.0mmol),于室温搅拌1天。加入水(5.0mL)、乙酸乙酯(10mL)而进行分液,用乙酸乙酯(5mL×3)萃取,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压浓缩,由此得到作为黄色液体的化合物(10)(1.0g)。将所得到的化合物(10)(1.0g)悬浮在乙醇(4.0mL)中,加入一水合肼(1.0mL,21mmol),于60℃搅拌5小时。将反应溶液减压浓缩,并将所得到的淡黄色固体用二氯甲烷洗涤,然后用中压硅胶柱色谱(硅胶30g,甲醇/二氯甲烷=1/99~10/90)纯化,由此得到作为淡黄色固体的化合物(11)(0.42g,1.6mmol,2工序收率80%)。将所得到的化合物(11)(188mg,0.72mmol)、2’,4’-二羟基-3’-甲基苯丙酮(5)(100mg,0.55mmol)溶解于DMSO(1.1mL),并于100℃搅拌4天。放冷后,将反应溶液直接用中压硅胶柱色谱(硅胶30g,甲醇/二氯甲烷=1/99~5/95)纯化,向所得到的纯化物中加入水,滤取所析出的固体,并用二氯甲烷悬浮洗涤,由此得到作为无色固体的CE-003(159mg,0.377mmol,收率68%)。
1H-NMR(270MHz);δ13.42(s,1H),10.20(brs,1H),9.62(s,1H),9.55(brs,1H),7.42(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.17(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.91(s,1H),6.83(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.79(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.37(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),4.24(d,J=5.4Hz,2H),2.65(q,J=8.1Hz,2H),1.97(s,3H),1.08(t,J=8.1Hz,3H).
[实施例1]使用人角膜上皮细胞的细胞增殖试验
使用添加了角膜上皮细胞系添加剂套组(kit)(ATCC,#PCS-700-040)的角膜上皮细胞系基础培养基(ATCC,#PCS-700-030),通过单层培养法对人原代角膜上皮细胞({American Type Culture Collection(ATCC),#PCS-700-010})进行预培养。将角膜上皮细胞悬浮在相同的培养基中,然后以最终浓度成为10μM的方式,分别添加溶解于DMSO的本发明中使用的特定化合物,以成为700个细胞/64μL/孔至1600个细胞/64μL/孔的方式接种于96孔平底板(Corning公司,#3585)及成像解析用板(PerkinElmer公司,CellCarrier-96Ultra)。在37℃、5%CO2孵育箱中培养4天。作为对照,以最终浓度成为0.1%的方式添加DMSO。培养后,使用ATP试剂(Promega公司,CellTiter-Glo(注册商标)Luminescent CellViability Assay)对活细胞数进行计测。向平底板的培养液中以64μL/孔添加ATP试剂并悬浮,将悬浮液以100μL/孔转移至检验用白色板(Corning公司,#3912)。于室温静置10分钟后,使用酶标仪(PerkinElmer公司,EnSpire)测定发光量。另外,就利用成像解析用板所培养的细胞而言,通过将培养基更换成4%多聚甲醛溶液并于室温静置10分钟来固定。根据Cell Signaling Technology公司的推荐方案,使用p63-α抗体(Cell SignalingTechnology公司,#4892)和AlexaFluor647修饰的抗兔IgG抗体(Thermo FisherScientific公司,#A-21244),对所固定的细胞进行荧光免疫染色。此外,用10μg/mL的Hoechst33342溶液将细胞核进行染色。经染色的细胞使用OperettaCLS的20倍物镜、以每1孔9个视野进行成像。
对于测定的发光量,算出相对于对照组(DMSO)的相对值,结果通过添加下述化合物,发光量增加1.5倍以上。即,通过添加下述化合物,细胞数增加1.5倍以上。另外,作为成像解析的结果,添加k-1:B-1或k-1:J-1时的全部细胞均为p63α阳性。由此显示,本发明的组合物具有p63α阳性的人角膜上皮细胞的增殖促进效果。
细胞数增加1.5倍以上的化合物:
k-1:B-1、k-1:J-1、k-1:D-1、GA-002A、GA-005A、CE-001、k-1:I-10、CE-002、CE-003
细胞数增加2倍以上的化合物:
k-1:B-1、k-1:J-1、k-1:D-1、GA-005A、CE-001、k-1:I-10、CE-002
[实施例2]使用牛角膜内皮细胞的细胞增殖试验
使用添加了10%牛血清(ATCC,#30-2030)的DMEM(ATCC,#30-2002)对牛角膜内皮细胞株BCE C/D-1b(American Type Culture Collection(ATCC),#CRL-2048)进行预培养。将角膜内皮细胞悬浮在相同的培养基中,然后在单层培养法(2D)中,以成为700个细胞/90μL/孔的方式接种于96孔平底板(Corning公司,#3585)。在三维培养法(3D)中,以成为700个细胞/90μL/孔的方式接种于96孔U底细胞低粘附板(Corning公司,#4520)。接着,以10μL/孔添加溶解于DMSO的本发明中使用的特定化合物,以使最终浓度为5μM或10μM,在37℃、5%CO2孵育箱中培养4天。作为对照,添加DMSO以使最终浓度为0.1%。培养后,使用ATP试剂(Promega公司,CellTiter-Glo(注册商标)Luminescent Cell Viability Assay)来对活细胞数进行计测。向培养液中以100μL/孔添加ATP试剂并悬浮,将悬浮液以100μL/孔转移至检验用白色板(Corning公司,#3912)。于室温静置10分钟后,使用酶标仪(PerkinElmer公司,EnSpire)测定发光量。
对于所测定的发光量,算出2D及3D各自中的相对于对照组(DMSO)的相对值,结果通过添加下述化合物,发光量在2D中增加1.4倍以上、在3D中增加2倍以上。即,通过添加下述化合物,细胞数增加1.4倍以上。由此显示,本发明的组合物具有角膜内皮细胞的增殖促进效果。
细胞数增加1.4倍以上的化合物(2D):
5μM;GA-005A、CE-001
10μM;k-1:B-1、k-1:J-1、k-1:H-1、k-1:I-10
细胞数增加2倍以上的化合物(3D):
10μM;k-1:B-1、k-1:J-1、k-1:D-1、GA-002A、GA-005A、CE-001、k-1:I-10、k-1:H-1
产业上的可利用性
通过施予本发明的角膜治疗剂,能够治疗起因于角膜上皮细胞及角膜内皮细胞的减少的疾病。因此,本发明的角膜治疗剂可适合用于各种角膜疾病的治疗,在医疗领域中极其有益。
本申请以在日本于2019年3月12日提出申请的日本特愿2019-044854为基础,其内容全部包括在本说明书中。
Claims (13)
2.如权利要求1所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为碳原子数1~4的烷基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或C1-4烷基的苯基或萘基,
Y为单键,及
Z为碳原子数1~4的亚烷基。
3.如权利要求1所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为碳原子数为1~4的烷基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有卤素原子、C1-4烷基、羟基或C1-4烷氧基的苯基或萘基,
Y为经碳原子数1~4的烷基取代的碳原子数1~4的亚烷基,及
Z为单键。
4.如权利要求1所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或甲基的苯基,及
Y为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
5.如权利要求1所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或卤素原子的苯基,及
Y为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
6.如权利要求1所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,
R2为甲基、乙基或异丁基,
n为0,
Ar为可以具有羟基或甲基的苯基,及
Y为单键。
7.如权利要求4所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,Z为单键。
8.如权利要求5或6所述的角膜疾病的治疗剂,其中,Z为可以具有甲基或乙基的亚甲基。
9.如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的治疗剂,其中,角膜疾病选自由下述疾病组成的组:角膜上皮病变、浅层点状角膜病变、角膜糜烂、角膜溃疡、干眼症、角膜上皮剥脱、无虹膜症、翼状胬肉、巩膜化角膜、角膜营养不良、角膜炎、角膜上皮干细胞疲弊症、药物损伤、烧伤、史蒂芬斯·强森综合征、眼部类天疱疮、糖尿病角膜病变、疱疹性角膜炎、角膜内皮炎、Fuchs角膜内皮营养不良、滴状角膜、虹膜角膜内皮综合征、及角膜移植后的移植缺陷。
12.角膜上皮细胞或角膜内皮细胞的制造方法,其特征在于,使用所述权利要求11记载的方法。
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US20100144755A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2010-06-10 | Glaxo Group Limited | Novel Compounds |
JP2011057667A (ja) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-03-24 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | 角結膜疾患の予防又は治療剤 |
WO2019022222A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-01-31 | 日産化学株式会社 | 培地添加用組成物及び培地添加用化合物並びにそれらを用いた細胞又は組織の培養方法 |
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MX2016006915A (es) * | 2013-11-27 | 2017-01-23 | Kyoto Prefectural Public Univ Corp | Aplicacion de laminina a cultivo de celulas endoteliales de la cornea. |
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US20100144755A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2010-06-10 | Glaxo Group Limited | Novel Compounds |
JP2011057667A (ja) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-03-24 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | 角結膜疾患の予防又は治療剤 |
WO2019022222A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-01-31 | 日産化学株式会社 | 培地添加用組成物及び培地添加用化合物並びにそれらを用いた細胞又は組織の培養方法 |
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