CN113521182B - 一种中药组合物在制备治疗自闭症药物中的应用 - Google Patents
一种中药组合物在制备治疗自闭症药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种中药组合物在制备治疗自闭症药物中的应用,所述药物是由以下原料制成:酸枣、桑椹、灵芝、百合、山楂、茯苓、陈皮、菊花、荷叶,经试验证实,本发明药物通过药物配伍、标本兼治,可使自闭症症状得到缓解和改善,且不良反应小,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药组合物的新用途,具体地,涉及一种中药组合物在制备治疗自闭症药物中的应用。
背景技术
自闭症全称“自闭症谱系障碍”(autism spectrumdisorder,ASD),是一种发生于儿童早期并将伴其终生的广泛性发育障碍类精神疾病。极少数患者成年后可融入主流社会,绝大多数长期在家,终身需要照顾,给家庭和社会带来沉重负担。大多研究和实践集中在小龄阶段,针对超过13岁的大龄儿童及成人自闭症的干预手段及循证研究和实践较少。
根据2017 年发布的《中国自闭症教育康复行业发展状况报告Ⅱ》,我国ASD 的发病率保守估计约为1%,总人数可能超过1000 万, 并以每年十几万人的速度快速增长。然而,目前临床上并没有特异性用于治疗ASD 的药物,西医以人为干预、应用行为分析法训练为主,药物为辅,其在药物治疗上通常采用非典型抗精神病药,但西药多带有一定副作用,且自闭症的终生性注定了患者的长期服药,因此可能产生体重变化,锥体外系反应等不良反应。
中国古代典籍和现代中医学对自闭症没有明确的记载,从历代医家的描述中可以发现,“童昏”、“语迟”、“胎弱”等所述症状与自闭症有许多相似之处,其病因病机为先天不足,肾精亏虚;肝失条达,升发不利;神失所养,心窍不通。综合来看,ASD的发病与心、肝、肾关系密切,病位在脑。本发明药物通过药物配伍、标本兼治,可使自闭症症状得到缓解和改善,且不良反应小,具有广阔的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种中药组合物的新用途,具体地,涉及一种中药组合物在制备治疗自闭症药物中的应用。
本发明提供治疗自闭症的中药组合物,该中药组合物是由如下重量份的原料药制成的:酸枣6-36份、桑椹6-36份、灵芝2-12份、百合1-6份、山楂2-12份、茯苓1-6份、陈皮1-6份、菊花2-12份、荷叶1-6份。
优选的中药组合物由如下重量份的原料药制成:酸枣30-36份、桑椹30-36份、灵芝10-12份、百合5-6份、山楂10-12份、茯苓5-6份、陈皮5-6份、菊花10-12份、荷叶5-6份。
优选的中药组合物由如下重量份的原料药制成:酸枣30份、桑椹30份、灵芝10份、百合5份、山楂10份、茯苓5份、陈皮5份、菊花10份、荷叶5份。
优选的中药组合物由如下重量份的原料药制成:酸枣36份、桑椹36份、灵芝10份、百合6份、山楂12份、茯苓6份、陈皮6份、菊花12份、荷叶6份。
本发明所述中药组合物的活性成分由以下步骤制成:
(1)按照原料药重量比例称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加乙醇静置、醇沉、过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度1.02-1.06的流浸膏,干燥,即得活性成分。
本发明所述中药组合物的制剂剂型为胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、口服液、软胶囊、微丸、滴丸。
本发明所述的口服液的制备方法是由以下步骤制成:
(1)按照原料药重量比例称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至 60℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加乙醇静置、醇沉、过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度1.02-1.06的流浸膏,备用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得流浸膏中加入药学上所接收的防腐剂,调解PH值至规定范围,加水调解浓度,搅匀、静置、滤过、灌封、灭菌,即得。
本发明所述药物在制备治疗大龄儿童以及成人自闭症药物中的应用。
本发明药物组合物方中,酸枣为君药,重在养心阴,安心神,以全酸枣入药,既广药源,又增效力;桑椹、灵芝、百合为臣药,补肝肾阴精,润肺荣百脉,益心血,使心之阴血充盛;山楂重在健脾消食后助后天运化以资化源,使营血充足,茯苓、陈皮使气血足而养心神,菊花滋填肾精,四者共为佐药;荷叶为使药,引诸脏之清气上荣于脑,使髓海得充,神气得养。诸药合用,补肾健脑,调和五脏功能,补中有通,益心血,养心神,五脏充盛,气血流畅,诸症自除。用于治疗自闭症,以安心宁神为基础,进一步补肝肾营气血,同时开窍醒脑,醒神益智,不仅能够固本培元,还能增强患儿身体机能。本发明配伍合理,简单易行,为纯中药制剂,不良反应小,可供病人长期使用。通过本研究发现本发明药物可以有效的治疗自闭症,且具有较好的效果,可以提高患者的生活质量。
为证实本发明药物治疗自闭症的疗效,用按实施例1制得的口服液(以下称本发明药物)以及超出重量份的相同原料药组成的实验例1和替换功效相似的不同原料药组成的实验例2制得的口服液(以下称药物1、2),进行以下临床试验研究:
试验例
1、资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2016年5月至2019年5月在河北以岭医院收治的80例自闭症患者为研究对象,随机将其分为对照组、治疗组、实验组1和实验组2,各20例。对照组男11例,女9例;年龄13~24岁,平均年龄(17±2.15)岁;病程6~15年,平均病程(11±8.28)年。治疗组男12例,女8例;年龄12~22岁,平均年龄(16±6.74)岁;病程7~15年,平均病程(11±9.54)年。实验1组男10例,女10例;年龄13~23岁,平均年龄(15±0.74)岁;病程6~16年,平均病程(12±0.48)年。实验2组男11例,女9例;年龄14~23岁,平均年龄(15±8.55)岁;病程6~15年,平均病程(12±1.66)年。四组患者的一般资料无显著差异(P>0.05)。此次研究得到我院伦理委员会批准,患者及家属对本研究内容均知情同意。
纳入病例标准
①符合美国精神病医学学会《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版中孤独症的相关诊断标准;②所有患者听觉、视觉及发音器官均正常; ③患者或家属签署知情同意书。
排除标准
①无法配合中药治疗者;②其他疾病造成的智力低下者; ③合并肝肾功能不全及其他重要脏器严重疾病者; ④过敏体质者。
治疗方法
四组病例在入院后,均给予综合康复训练,课程包括语言训练、应用行为分析法(ABA)、特殊教育、认知障碍训练、感觉综合训练等,并给予阿立哌唑,15mg/日;治疗组在常规治疗基础上给予口服本发明药物,2支/次,3次/日;实验组1在常规治疗基础上给予口服药物1,2支/次,3次/日;实验组2在常规治疗基础上给予口服药物2,2支/次,3次/日;15天为一个疗程,总共4个疗程。
疗效判定标准
(1)比较四组患者治疗前后CARS评分。采用CARS 评估患儿自闭症病情。CARS 由人际关系、模仿(词和动作)、情感反应、躯体运用能力、对环境变化的适应性等15 个维度组成。CARS 评分标准:严重异常:4 分;中度异常:3 分;轻度异常:2 分;与年龄相当:1 分。自闭症严重程度判定标准:总分大于或等于30分科诊断为孤独症,总分少于36分时则为轻中度孤独症,总分达到或大于36分时为严重孤独症。
(2)比较四组患者治疗效果。疗效判定标准:显效:CARS 评分减少>10 分;有效:CARS 总评分减少5~10 分;无效:CARS 评分减少<5 分。
临床治疗总有效率=[(显效例数+有效例数)/总例数]×100%。
统计学方法
使用SPSS20.0 统计学软件进行数据处理,计数资料用n%表示,用X2检验计量资料以均数±标准差(X ̅±s)表示,采用t 检验,以P<0.05 为差异具有统计学意义。
结果
2.1四组患者治疗前后CARS 评分比
治疗前, 四组CARS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05) ;治疗后, 四组患者CARS 评分均低于治疗前, 且治疗组(31.04±9.14) 分显著低于对照组的(37.27±5.55)分、实验组1的(35.89±8.82)分以及实验组2(36.21±1.17)分, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表1。
四组患者治疗效果比较
治疗组患者治疗效果总有效率为85%, 显著高于对照组的45%,实验组1的60%以及实验组2的60%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表2。
不良反应
对照组、治疗组、实验组1和实验组2均未见不良反应。
结论
本研究在常规西医治疗的基础上,加入本发明药物治疗后, 治疗组的CARS评分显著低于对照组、实验组1以及实验组2,治疗效果的总有效率显著高于对照组、实验组1以及实验组2,充分证明特定范围的重量份配比、特定药味组方的本发明药物用于治疗自闭症疗效显著,尤其是对于大龄儿童以及成人的效果更为明显。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
原料药配方为:酸枣300g 桑椹300g 灵芝100g 百合50g山楂100g 茯苓50g 陈皮50g 菊花100g 荷叶50g;
制备方法:
(1)按照处方量称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至60 ℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加乙醇调节浓度至含醇量为70%,4℃以下静置24小时,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度1.02-1.06的流浸膏,备用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得流浸膏中加入苯甲酸钠0.1g,调解PH值至3.5,加水至100ml,搅匀、静置、滤过、灌封、灭菌,即得。
实施例2:
原料药配方为:酸枣360g 桑椹360g 灵芝100g 百合60g山楂120g 茯苓60g 陈皮60g 菊花120g 荷叶60g;
制备方法:
(1)按照处方量称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至60 ℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加95%乙醇调节浓度至75%,4℃以下静置24小时,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度1.02-1.06的流浸膏,备用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得流浸膏干燥、粉碎、制粒,按常规方法压成100片片剂。
实施例3:
原料药配方为:酸枣60g 桑椹360g 灵芝20g 百合60g 山楂20g 茯苓60g 陈皮10g菊花120g 荷叶10g;
制备方法:
(1)按照处方量称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至60 ℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加95%乙醇调节浓度至75%,4℃以下静置24小时,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度1.02-1.06的流浸膏,备用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得流浸膏中加入苯甲酸钠0.1%,调解PH值至规定范围,加水至100ml,搅匀、静置、滤过、灌封、灭菌,即得。
实验例1:
原料药配方为:酸枣390g 桑椹50g 灵芝10g 百合200g
山楂200g 茯苓170g 陈皮10g 菊花150g 荷叶100g;
制备方法:
((1)按照处方量称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至60 ℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加乙醇调节浓度至含醇量为70%,4℃以下静置24小时,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度1.02-1.06的流浸膏,备用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得流浸膏中加入苯甲酸钠0.1g,调解PH值至3.5,加水至100ml,搅匀、静置、滤过、灌封、灭菌,即得。
实验例2:
原料药配方为:红枣300g 桑椹300g 人参100g 百合50g
麦芽100g 茯苓50g 陈皮50g 菊花100g 荷叶50g;
制备方法:
(1)按照处方量称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至60 ℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加乙醇调节浓度至含醇量为70%,4℃以下静置24小时,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度1.02-1.06的流浸膏,备用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得流浸膏中加入苯甲酸钠0.1g,调解PH值至3.5,加水至100ml,搅匀、静置、滤过、灌封、灭菌,即得。
Claims (8)
1.一种中药组合物在制备治疗自闭症药物中的应用,其特征在于该中药组合物是由如下重量份的原料药制成的:酸枣6-36份、桑椹6-36份、灵芝2-12份、百合1-6份、山楂2-12份、茯苓1-6份、陈皮1-6份、菊花2-12份、荷叶1-6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述中药组合物由如下重量份的 原料药制成:酸枣30-36份、桑椹30-36份、灵芝10-12份、百合5-6份、山楂10-12份、茯苓5-6份、陈皮5-6份、菊花10-12份、荷叶5-6份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述中药组合物由如下重量份的原料药制成:酸枣30份、桑椹30份、灵芝10份、百合5份、山楂10份、茯苓5份、陈皮5份、菊花10份、荷叶5份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述中药组合物由如下重量份的原料药制成:酸枣36份、桑椹36份、灵芝10份、百合6份、山楂12份、茯苓6份、陈皮6份、菊花12份、荷叶6份。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的应用,其特征在于所述中药组合物的活性成分由以下步骤制成:
(1)按照原料药重量比例称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加乙醇静置、醇沉、过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,减压浓缩至60℃热测时相对密度1.02-1.06的流浸膏,干燥,即得活性成分。
6.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的应用,其特征在于所述中药组合物的制剂剂型为胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、口服液。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于所述的口服液的制备方法是由以下步骤制成:
(1)按照原料药重量比例称取中药材,净选;
(2)将上述净选后药材混匀,粗粉,加9倍量水,浸泡1小时,加热煎煮2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,滤过,合并滤液,减压浓缩至 60℃热测时相对密度为1.20-1.25的清膏,加乙醇静置、醇沉、过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,备用;
(3)将步骤(2)所得浸膏中加入药学上所接收的防腐剂,调解pH值至规定范围,加水调解浓度,搅匀、静置、滤过、灌封、灭菌,即得。
8.根据权利要求1-4所述的应用,其特征在于所述的药物在制备治疗大龄儿童以及成人自闭症药物中的应用。
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CN101607027A (zh) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-23 | 河北以岭医药研究院有限公司 | 一种中药组合物在制备治疗慢性疲劳综合征的药物中的应用 |
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CN101607027A (zh) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-23 | 河北以岭医药研究院有限公司 | 一种中药组合物在制备治疗慢性疲劳综合征的药物中的应用 |
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