CN113521151A - 复合活性提取物及其制备方法、抗动脉粥样硬化药物 - Google Patents
复合活性提取物及其制备方法、抗动脉粥样硬化药物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明技术方案公开了一种复合活性提取物及其制备方法、抗动脉粥样硬化药物,所述复合活性提取物用于制备降血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的药物或食品,由如下重量份的原料制成:新鲜北五味子1‑9份、新鲜灵芝2‑12份及新鲜丹参1‑6份。本发明技术方案能从根本上解决动脉粥样硬化的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及一种复合活性提取物及其制备方法、抗动脉粥样硬化药物。
背景技术
动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,As)是人类致死致残的重要疾病。近年许多研究表明血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein,LDL)含量升高是As的独立危险因素,LDL在体内可被氧自由基、醛类、糖类等氧化修饰成氧化型LDL(oxidized LDL,OLDL),OLDL可损伤血管内皮,促进血管平滑肌细胞增殖,经清道夫受体和其他受体途径被巨噬细胞摄入,储存于胞浆内,促进泡沫细胞形成,在As的发生发展中起重要作用。
现在常用的抗动脉粥样硬化药物有调脂药、钙拮抗药、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂、抗氧化剂等,这些治疗手段均不能有效降低血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度,因此不能从根本上解决动脉粥样硬化的问题。目前临床上常用的降脂药只是单一性的治疗,有的只降胆固醇,有的只降甘油三脂,市售降脂药普遍对血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的降低作用不明显,随便用药不但不能起到治疗作用,反而耽误治疗,最终诱发动脉粥样硬化等心脑血管病。
发明内容
本发明技术方案要解决的技术问题是提供一种复合活性提取物及其制备方法、抗动脉粥样硬化药物,能从根本上解决动脉粥样硬化的问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明技术方案提供一种复合活性提取物,用于制备降血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的药物或食品,由如下重量份的原料制成:新鲜北五味子1-9份、新鲜灵芝2-12份及新鲜丹参1-6份。
本发明还提供一种复合活性提取物的制备方法,包括:按重量份计,提供新鲜北五味子粉末1-9份、新鲜灵芝粉末2-12份及新鲜丹参粉末1-6份,并形成混合粉末;在所述混合粉末中加入水,并使所述混合粉末的组织破碎,释放活性成分;将破碎物经离心分离,除去纤维类杂质,获得离心液;将所述离心液进行浓缩并干燥,获得复合活性提取物。
可选的,所述水的重量是所述混合粉末重量的5-15倍;使所述混合粉末的组织破碎的方法包括:在0℃-10℃下,以胶体磨进行研磨。
可选的,将所述离心液进行浓缩的方法包括:使所述离心液经过吸附树脂进行吸附;采用质量分数为10%-15%的乙醇水溶液吸脱1-5个柱体积;采用质量分数为80%-90%的乙醇水溶液吸脱2-5个柱体积;收集质量分数为80%-90%的乙醇水溶液的洗脱液;将所述洗脱液进行减压蒸馏,获得浓缩液,其中所述减压浓缩的温度为30℃-40℃,压力为-0.08MP至-0.1MPa,所述浓缩液的密度为1.2-1.3g/cm3。
可选的,采用冷冻干燥法获得复合活性提取物,且所述复合活性提取物的重量为新鲜北五味子粉末、新鲜灵芝粉末及新鲜丹参粉末干重的8%-10%。
本发明还提供一种抗动脉粥样硬化药物,包括:上述的复合活性提取物和助剂,且所述复合活性提取物和所述助剂的质量比为(100-8):1。
可选的,所述助剂包括质量比为(5-1):1的第一助剂和第二助剂,其中所述第一助剂包括淀粉,所述第二助剂包括滑石粉或硬脂酸镁。
可选的,所述助剂包括淀粉。
可选的,所述助剂包括微晶纤维素。
可选的,所述药物的剂型为片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明技术方案具有如下有益效果:
本发明技术方案的复合活性提取物具有显著的降低血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度的功效,可以用于制备抗动脉粥样硬化药物或保健食品,且制备的抗动脉粥样硬化药物或保健食品能够降低血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度。
本发明技术方案的复合活性提取物的制备方法简单、能耗低,溶剂可以循环利用,生产过程无废液排放,原料的活性成分被完整保存。该提取方法可控性和重现性好,样品利用率高,成本较低,操作方便,可较易提取得到质量成分稳定的提取物有效部位,也适用于工业生产。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术领域人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案,下面将结合下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种复合活性提取物,可以用于制备降血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的药物或食品,由如下重量份的原料制成:新鲜北五味子1-9份、新鲜灵芝2-12份及新鲜丹参1-6份。其中北五味子为五味子科(Schisandraceae)五味子属(Schisandra)植物北五味子(Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.)的干燥成熟果实。其功能主治:收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心;用于久嗽虚喘,梦遗滑精,遗尿尿频,久泻不止,自汗,盗汗,津伤口渴,短气脉虚,内热消渴,心悸失眠。北五味子含有木脂素、三萜、多糖、有机酸等多种活性成分,北五味子及其活性成分具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、保肝、抗衰老,还有镇痛、安定、解热作用,可以促进心脏活动和呼吸,对大脑皮层的兴奋和抑制过程也有一定影响。
灵芝为多孔菌科真菌赤芝Ganoderma lucidum(Leyss.ex Fr.)Karst.或紫芝Ganoderma sinense Zhao,Xu et Zhang的干燥子实体。灵芝具有以下活性:改善心血管功能,表现为强心,降压的作用;具有明显的抗血小板凝聚及抗血栓作用;对呼吸系统,具有祛痰止咳平喘的作用;影响机体代谢和内分泌功能,还有保肝作用;具有抗氧化、延缓衰老的作用,具有明显的抗炎、抗肿瘤作用,对放射损伤有一定防护效应,具免疫加强等作用;对神经系统有镇静作用;还能提高代谢,增强免疫功能;对肺炎球菌、甲型链球菌、白色葡萄球菌及流感杆菌有抑制作用。
丹参为唇形科植物丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.的干燥根和根茎。具有活血祛瘀,通经止痛,清心除烦,凉血消痈。用于胸痹心痛,脘腹胁痛,癥瘕积聚,热痹疼痛,心烦不眠,月经不调,痛经经闭,疮疡肿痛。
本发明实施例以鲜品药材作为原料,不会破坏药品中的活性酶类及对热敏感的活性成分在药材的干燥过程中被破化,因此活性可以完全体现。本发明实施例的复合活性提取物可以显著降血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇活性。
本发明实施例还提供一种复合活性提取物的制备方法,包括:
步骤S1:按重量份计,提供新鲜北五味子粉末1-9份、新鲜灵芝粉末2-12份及新鲜丹参粉末1-6份,并形成混合粉末;
步骤S2:在所述混合粉末中加入水,并使所述混合粉末的组织破碎,释放活性成分;
步骤S3:将破碎物经离心分离,除去纤维类杂质,获得离心液;
步骤S4:将所述离心液进行浓缩并干燥,获得复合活性提取物。
在步骤S1中,取新鲜北五味子1-9份,新鲜灵芝2-12份,新鲜丹参1-6份,清洗干净后粉碎至特定的颗粒大小,例如20-50目。
在步骤S2中,在混合粉末中加入水,例如可以是蒸馏水。水的重量是混合粉末重量的5-15倍。在0℃-10℃下,以胶体磨进行研磨使混合粉末的组织破碎,以使原料细胞中的活性成分充分释放出来。
在步骤S3中,可以采用常规的离心分离技术使破碎物进行离心分离,以除去纤维类杂质,获得离心液。
在步骤S4中,将所述离心液进行浓缩的方法包括:使所述离心液经过吸附树脂进行吸附,所述吸附树脂可以为AB8、D101、X5中的一种;采用质量分数为10%-15%的乙醇水溶液吸脱1-5个柱体积;采用质量分数为80%-90%的乙醇水溶液吸脱2-5个柱体积;收集质量分数为80%-90%的乙醇水溶液的洗脱液;将所述洗脱液进行减压蒸馏,获得浓缩液,其中所述减压浓缩的温度为30℃-40℃,压力为-0.08MP至-0.1MPa,所述浓缩液的密度为1.2-1.3g/cm3。
采用冷冻干燥法获得复合活性提取物,所述冷冻干燥法可以是真空冷冻干燥法,(冷冻干燥条件:预冻阶段:产品进箱,使产品降温到-50℃,并在-50℃并保持3-5小时,预冻阶段结束。升华阶段:板层温度控制在10℃-15℃,使产品的温度维持在-20℃~-25℃,直到产品中的冻结冰升华完毕。解析阶段:把产品温度加热到20℃-33℃并维持到冻干结束。)。所述复合活性提取物的重量为新鲜北五味子粉末、新鲜灵芝粉末及新鲜丹参粉末干重的8%-10%。
本发明实施例的复合活性提取物可以用于制备抗动脉粥样硬化药物,所述药物的剂型可以是片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂等。所述抗动脉粥样硬化药物包括本发明实施例的复合活性提取物和助剂,且所述复合活性提取物和所述助剂的质量比为(100-8):1。
当所述抗动脉粥样硬化药物的剂型为片剂时,所述助剂包括第一助剂和第二助剂,且所述第一助剂和第二助剂的质量比可以为(5-1):1。所述第一助剂可以包括淀粉,所述第二助剂可以包括滑石粉或硬脂酸镁。在一些实施例中,所述抗动脉粥样硬化药物包括1000kg复合活性提取物、100g淀粉和10g滑石粉。在另一些实施例中,所述抗动脉粥样硬化药物包括1000kg复合活性提取物、100g淀粉和5g硬脂酸镁。将复合活性提取物和淀粉混合均匀后,制成颗粒,加入硬脂酸镁或滑石粉混合均匀后压制成2000片。
当所述抗动脉粥样硬化药物的剂型为胶囊剂时,所述助剂包括淀粉。在一些实施例中,所述抗动脉粥样硬化药物包括1000kg复合活性提取物和100g淀粉。将复合活性提取物和淀粉混合均匀后,装胶囊制成5000粒。
当所述抗动脉粥样硬化药物的剂型为散剂时,所述助剂包括微晶纤维素。在一些实施例中,所述抗动脉粥样硬化药物包括1000kg复合活性提取物和100g微晶纤维素。将复合活性提取物和微晶纤维素混合均匀后制成散剂,装管制西林瓶制成2000瓶。
实施例
(1)制备复合活性提取物
取7份新鲜北五味子、2份新鲜灵芝及3份新鲜丹参,清洗干净后粉碎至20-50目,加入10倍重量的蒸馏水,10℃条件下,以胶体磨进行组织破碎,使细胞中的活性成分充分释放,破碎物经过离心分离除去纤维类杂质,获得水提取离心液,离心液经过AB-8大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,以质量分数为10%的乙醇-水溶液洗脱3个柱体积,再以质量分数为90%的乙醇-水洗脱3个柱体积,收集质量分数为90%的乙醇-水洗脱液,在35℃、-0.08至-0.1MPa压力下浓缩至密度为1.1g/cm3,浓缩液经过冷冻干燥,制得冻干粉状的复合活性提取物。复合活性提取物的重量可达到新鲜北五味子、新鲜灵芝与新鲜丹参干重的9%。
(2)抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂的制备
将1000g复合活性提取物和100g淀粉混合均匀后,制成颗粒,加入10g滑石粉混合均匀,压制成2000片。
(3)抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂降低血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度药理实验
实验材料:
SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠40只,体重(200±20g)。
高脂饲料:蛋黄粉10%、猪油5%、胆固醇5%、胆盐0.5%、丙硫氧嘧啶0.2%、基础饲料79.3%。
辛伐他汀片(山东鲁抗医药集团赛特有限公司)。
试验方法:
将大鼠在清洁级实验动物室进行饲养。饲养期间5只一笼,自由摄食和饮水,明暗周期12h,室温22~25℃,相对湿度40~60%,通风良好。适应性喂养1周后,随机分为10只空白对照组和30只造模组。空白对照组饲喂基础饲料,造模组饲喂高脂饲料,2周后造模成功,再将造模组大鼠随机分为3组(每组10只):阳性对照组、模型对照组、抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂组。空白对照组和模型对照组灌胃给予同等体积的蒸馏水,阳性对照组给予4mg/kg辛伐他汀灌胃,抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂组给予0.3g/kg抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂灌胃。实验期间,每周定时称量大鼠体重,计算给药量。每日记录和观察大鼠精神状态,给药期间除空白对照组外,其余各组继续给予高脂饲料。每日上午定时给药四周。末次给药后禁食12h,眼底静脉丛取血,3000r/min离心10min后取血清,采用全自动生化分析仪测定血清中总胆固醇TC、甘油三酯TG、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇LDL-C、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇HDL-C。
统计分析
数据处理采用SPSS l7.0统计软件进行方差分析,差异显著性用P<0.05(显著)或P<0.01(极显著)表示,实验数据以平均值±标准差(x±s)表示,结果如表1。
表1高血脂症大鼠的血脂含量
与空白对照组比较,模型对照组的TC、LDL-C及HDL-C的P<0.01,模型对照组的TG的P<0.05;与模型对照组比较,阳性对照组的TC、抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂组的TC及抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂组的LDL-C的P<0.01,阳性对照组的TG、HDL-C、LDL-C以及抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂组的TG、HDL-C的P<0.05。
由表1可知,给药四周后,与模型对照组相比,抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂组的LDL-C含量显著降低(P<0.01)。本发明实施例的抗动脉粥样硬化药物片剂组对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的降低效果明显优于模型对照组和阳性对照组。
本发明虽然已以较佳实施方式公开如上,但其并不是用来限定本发明,任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可以利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出可能的变动和修改,因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施方式所作的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种复合活性提取物,用于制备降血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的药物或食品,其特征在于,由如下重量份的原料制成:新鲜北五味子1-9份、新鲜灵芝2-12份及新鲜丹参1-6份。
2.一种复合活性提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
按重量份计,提供新鲜北五味子粉末1-发明9份、新鲜灵芝粉末2-12份及新鲜丹参粉末1-6份,并形成混合粉末;
在所述混合粉末中加入水,并使所述混合粉末的组织破碎,释放活性成分;
将破碎物经离心分离,除去纤维类杂质,获得离心液;
将所述离心液进行浓缩并干燥,获得复合活性提取物。
3.如权利要求2所述的复合活性提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述水的重量是所述混合粉末重量的5-15倍;使所述混合粉末的组织破碎的方法包括:在0℃-10℃下,以胶体磨进行研磨。
4.如权利要求2所述的复合活性提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,将所述离心液进行浓缩的方法包括:
使所述离心液经过吸附树脂进行吸附;
采用质量分数为10%-15%的乙醇水溶液洗脱1-5个柱体积;
采用质量分数为80%-90%的乙醇水溶液洗脱2-5个柱体积;
收集质量分数为80%-90%的乙醇水溶液的洗脱液;
将所述洗脱液进行减压蒸馏,获得浓缩液,其中所述减压浓缩的温度为30℃-40℃,压力为-0.08MP至-0.1MPa,所述浓缩液的密度为1.2-1.3/cm3。
5.如权利要求2所述的复合活性提取物的制备方法,其特征在于,采用冷冻干燥法获得复合活性提取物,且所述复合活性提取物的重量为新鲜北五味子粉末、新鲜灵芝粉末及新鲜丹参粉末干重的8%-10%。
6.一种抗动脉粥样硬化药物,其特征在于,包括:权利要求1所述的复合活性提取物和助剂,且所述复合活性提取物和所述助剂的质量比为(100-8):1。
7.根据权利要求6所述的抗动脉粥样硬化药物,其特征在于,所述助剂包括质量比为(5-1):1的第一助剂和第二助剂,其中所述第一助剂包括淀粉,所述第二助剂包括滑石粉或硬脂酸镁。
8.根据权利要求6所述的抗动脉粥样硬化药物,其特征在于,所述助剂包括淀粉。
9.根据权利要求6所述的抗动脉粥样硬化药物,其特征在于,所述助剂包括微晶纤维素。
10.根据权利要求6所述的抗动脉粥样硬化药物,其特征在于,所述药物的剂型为片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂。
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