CN113512199A - 一种高纯度端环氧硅油及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高纯度端环氧硅油及其制备方法,包括高纯度的端羟基硅油和偶联剂,主要偶联剂包括(3‑环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基乙氧基硅烷、(3‑环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基甲氧基硅烷或(3‑环氧丙氧基丙基聚醚)二甲基乙氧基硅烷,本发明高纯度端环氧硅油用于合成嵌段硅油反应活性高,大分子量环氧硅与小分子聚醚胺易于链接缩合,在棉和锦纶面料上整理有非常独特的风格,而且高纯度端环氧硅油相应的D4、D5等环体含量就比较低,普遍低于0.05%,满足欧盟对纺织行业使用硅油的低环体的限制要求,另外,高纯度的端环氧硅油由于杂质少,在有机树脂特别是环氧树脂中使用,可提高电性能,提高环氧树脂的韧性,降低环氧树脂的内应力等。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种端环氧硅油的合成,具体是一种高纯度端环氧硅油及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,在纺织后整理领域,三元嵌段氨基改性硅油已经大量使用,特别是直链嵌段氨基改性硅油,其能够赋予织物柔软、蓬松的手感,多数可以赋予织物亲水或半亲水,是硅油发展的重点方向。合成三元嵌段氨基改性硅油需要用到不同分子量的双端环氧硅油,现有生产端环氧硅油的方法是用DMC 或D4在酸催化下合成端含氢硅油,然后端含氢硅油与烯丙基环氧或烯丙基聚醚环氧在铂金属催化下合成端环氧硅油,例如专利CN111072972A、专利 CN106432735A,就是端含氢硅油与烯丙基缩水甘油醚在金属铂催化下硅氢加成得到端环氧硅油;此方法生产的端环氧硅油稳定,活性物在88%以上,通过提纯分出未反应原料DMC,最高可以达到纯度95%,是现用主流工业化生产法,但该方法反应耗时时间长,生产条件苛刻,生产端含氢硅油时用到浓硫酸或三氟甲基磺酸等非环保原料,是需要改进的。
另一种方法是碱法生产端环氧硅油,即用DMC或D4在碱性条件下与环氧双封头反应,得到端环氧硅油,此方法生产主要做分子量大的端环氧硅油,同样,通过分离未反应原料DMC来提高活性物,一般也只能达到95%活性物含量,分离原料时用到薄膜蒸发器,进行闪蒸分离,时间久,温度高,环氧键易被破坏,结果使后期与聚醚胺反应或生产环氧树脂时活性下降。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高纯度端环氧硅油,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种高纯度端环氧硅油,包括高纯度的端羟基硅油和偶联剂,主体结构式为:
通式A:
其中n为10-2000;
主要所述偶联剂包括(3-环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基乙氧基硅烷、(3-环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基甲氧基硅烷或(3-环氧丙氧基丙基聚醚)二甲基乙氧基硅烷,其中(3-环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基乙氧基硅烷的结构为:
通式B:
其中3-环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基甲氧基硅烷的结构为:
通式C:
更进一步的方案:所述端羟基硅油优选分子量范围为:1000-50000。
更进一步的方案:所述端羟基硅油包括瓦克的线性体WS62M或道康宁的 PMX-0156或任一组合。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种高纯度端环氧硅油的制备方法,包括如下步骤:通式A的制备:先将端羟基硅油与(3-环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基乙氧基硅烷(通式B)在80-115℃反应温度下,加入碱性催化剂下反应,反应时间范围为:1-4h,开启真空抽出甲醇低沸,中和除去催化剂,得到淡黄色透明粘稠液体,即最终产物通式A。
更进一步的方案:所述反应温度优选为108-110℃。
更进一步的方案:所述碱性催化剂优选为四甲基氢氧化铵。
更进一步的方案:所述反应时间第一步优选1-3h,加催化剂后反应2-4h,开真空抽1-3h。
更进一步的方案:所述最终产物通式A端环氧硅油活性物含量大于98.0%。
更进一步的方案:所述除去催化剂选用丙酸中和或高温分解法。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明高纯度端环氧硅油用于合成嵌段硅油反应活性高,特别是用于高平滑、亲水整理的嵌段硅油,因为反应活性高,大分子量环氧硅与小分子聚醚胺易于链接缩合,在棉和锦纶面料上整理有非常独特的风格,而且高纯度端环氧硅油相应的D4、D5等环体含量就比较低,普遍低于0.05%,满足欧盟对纺织行业使用硅油的低环体的限制要求,另外,高纯度的端环氧硅油由于杂质少,在有机树脂特别是环氧树脂中使用,可提高电性能,提高环氧树脂的韧性,降低环氧树脂的内应力等等。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
在装有温度计、回流冷凝管以及电动搅拌器的1L四口烧瓶中,加入400g 道康宁的线性体PMX-0156与51g(3-环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基甲氧基硅烷,在110℃下反应2h,抽真空至真空度-0.09Mpa,并开始升温至142℃,保持抽真空度1h,然后降温得到无色透明粘稠液体,为端环氧硅油,粘度260cps,含量99.2%,分子量约3500。
实施例2
在装有温度计、回流冷凝管以及电动搅拌器的1L四口烧瓶中,加入400g 瓦克线性体WS62M与5.2g(3-环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基乙氧基硅烷,在110℃下反应2h,之后加入25%四甲基氢氧化铵乙醇溶液0.4g,保温110℃反应2h,抽真空至真空度-0.09Mpa,并开始升温至142℃,保持抽真空1h,然后降温得到无色透明粘稠液体,为端环氧硅油,粘度860cps,含量98.6%,分子量约30000。
实施例3
在装有温度计、回流冷凝管以及电动搅拌器的1L四口烧瓶中,加入400g 端羟基硅油107胶(粘度5000cps,分子量5万)与3.5g(3-环氧丙氧基丙基) 二甲基乙氧基硅烷,在110℃下反应2h,之后加入含2.5%四甲基氢氧化铵碱胶40g,保温110℃反应2h,抽真空至真空度-0.09Mpa,并开始升温至142℃,保持抽真空1h,然后降温得到无色透明粘稠液体,为端环氧硅油,粘度 6000cps,含量98.6%,分子量约60000。
实施例4
在装有温度计、回流冷凝管以及电动搅拌器的1L四口烧瓶中,加入400g 端羟基硅油107胶(粘度100000cps,分子量14万)与1.5g(3-环氧丙氧基丙基聚醚)二甲基乙氧基硅烷,在110℃下反应2h,之后加入25%四甲基氢氧化铵乙醇溶液0.4g,保温110℃反应2h,抽真空至真空度-0.09Mpa,并开始升温至142℃,保持抽真空5h,然后降温得到无色透明粘稠液体,为端环氧聚醚硅油,粘度80000cps,含量98.6%,分子量约150000。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (9)
2.根据权利要求1所述的高纯度端环氧硅油,其特征在于,所述端羟基硅油优选分子量范围为:1000-50000。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高纯度端环氧硅油,其特征在于,所述端羟基硅油包括瓦克的线性体WS62M或道康宁的PMX-0156或任一组合。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的高纯度端环氧硅油的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
通式A的制备:先将端羟基硅油与(3-环氧丙氧基丙基)二甲基乙氧基硅烷(通式B)在80-115℃反应温度下,加入碱性催化剂下反应,反应时间范围为:1-4h,开启真空抽出甲醇低沸,中和除去催化剂,得到淡黄色透明粘稠液体,即最终产物通式A。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高纯度端环氧硅油,其特征在于,所述反应温度优选为108-110℃。
6.根据权利要求4所述的高纯度端环氧硅油,其特征在于,所述碱性催化剂优选为四甲基氢氧化铵。
7.根据权利要求4所述的高纯度端环氧硅油,其特征在于,所述反应时间第一步优选1-3h,加催化剂后反应2-4h,开真空抽1-3h。
8.根据权利要求4所述的高纯度端环氧硅油,其特征在于,所述最终产物通式A端环氧硅油活性物含量大于98.0%。
9.根据权利要求4所述的高纯度端环氧硅油,其特征在于,所述除去催化剂选用丙酸中和或高温分解法。
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