CN113494022A - 含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维及其制备方法，属于棉改性技术领域。本发明首先用预处理液处理棉纤维，去除表面的杂质和脂肪，然后碱处理，有利于进一步的氧化及改性，采用橙活性成分作为改性剂，橙活性成分中含有橙皮甙、柚皮甙、柠檬酸、苹果酸具有很强的抗氧化性能，抗菌抗皱性，不需要添加化学处理剂，即可得到抗氧化性、抗菌性能优良，不易发霉且不易皱的棉纤维制品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及棉改性技术领域，尤其涉及含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维及其制备方法。
背景技术
棉纤维是一种常见的纺织用品，其具有吸湿性强、透气性好、柔软且保暖的特点，且棉纤维是天然纤维。纯棉织品与肌肤接触无任何刺激，对人体有益无害。
但是棉纤维不耐酸，即使很稀的硫酸也会使其受到破坏，且耐光性、耐热性一般，在阳光与大气中棉纤维易被氧化，使强力下降，长期高温作用会使棉布遭受破坏。此外，棉纤维的抗菌性能差，微生物对棉织物有很强的破坏作用，使棉纤维强度降低，易损坏。棉纤维存在易皱、易氧化、易生菌的缺点，严重影响了使用寿命。
因此如何对棉纤维进行改性，增加棉纤维的抗菌抗皱等性能，是目前要解决的主要问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维及其制备方法，采用橙活性成分中的天然成分对棉纤维进行改性，改善了棉纤维易皱、易氧化、易生菌发霉的缺点，并且提高棉纤维织物的使用寿命。
本发明提供的含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)棉纤维预处理：将棉纤维置于预处理液中，在40～50℃的温度下浸泡1～3h，取出棉纤维，水洗3～5次，晾干；预处理液处理去除棉纤维表面的杂质和脂肪；
(2)棉纤维碱处理：将步骤(1)预处理后的棉纤维置于碱液中浸泡30～60min进行碱处理，处理完成后取出棉纤维，水洗至中性，晾干；
(3)改性处理液的制备：将橙活性成分与清水按照3～5：50的质量比混合，配成改性处理液，所述橙活性成分从橙子中提取获得，其中主要含有橙皮甙、柚皮甙、柠檬酸、苹果酸物质；
(4)将步骤(2)碱处理后的棉纤维浸入步骤(3)制备的改性处理液，在50～70℃的温度下浸泡30～50min，取出，水洗3～5次，晾干，得到所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维。
优选的，步骤(1)所述预处理液为表面活性剂与水按照1～10：100的质量比配成的溶液。
优选的，所述表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠或十二烷基硫酸钠中的一种或两种。
优选的，步骤(1)所述棉纤维和预处理液的质量比为1～3：10～15。
优选的，步骤(2)所述碱液为NaOH、双氧水、乙醇和水按照1～3：5～10：1～2：100的质量比配成的溶液。
优选的，步骤(2)所述棉纤维和碱液的质量比为1～3：10～15。
优选的，步骤(4)所述棉纤维和改性处理液的质量比为1～3：10～15。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述方法制备的含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维。
橙子中的活性成分主要包括橙皮甙、柚皮甙、柠檬酸、苹果酸，其中橙皮甙和柚皮甙具有抗氧化性、抗菌性能；柠檬酸和苹果酸是天然的有机酸，同样具有抗菌性能，抗氧化性，且柠檬酸具有很好的防皱效果。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明首先用预处理液处理棉纤维，去除表面的杂质和脂肪等，然后碱处理，进一步去除杂质，同时使棉纤维的分子链处于半断裂状态，有利于氧化及改性，双氧水的添加对棉纤维起氧化作用，氧化处理后的棉纤维，更有利于改性。且本申请选用的橙活性成分，是天然的改性处理剂，其含有橙皮甙、柚皮甙、柠檬酸、苹果酸具有很强的抗氧化性能，抗菌抗皱性，不需要添加化学处理剂，即可得到抗氧化性、抗菌性能优良，不易发霉且不易皱的棉纤维制品。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)棉纤维预处理：将表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠与水按照5：100的质量比配成预处理液，然后将棉纤维和预处理液按照质量比为3：10混合，在50℃的温度下浸泡2h去除棉纤维表面的杂质和脂肪，然后取出棉纤维，水洗3次，晾干；
(2)棉纤维碱处理：将NaOH、双氧水、乙醇和水按照1：5：1：100的质量比配成碱液，然后将步骤(1)预处理后的棉纤维与碱液按照质量比1：10混合，浸泡30min，处理完成后取出棉纤维，水洗至中性，晾干；
(3)改性处理液的制备：将橙活性成分与清水按照3：50的质量比混合，配成改性处理液，所述橙活性成分直接从橙子中提取获得，其中含有橙皮甙、柚皮甙、柠檬酸、苹果酸；
(4)将步骤(2)碱处理后的棉纤维浸入步骤(3)制备的改性处理液中，其中棉纤维和改性处理液的质量比为1：10，在50℃的温度下浸泡30～50min，取出，水洗3次，晾干，得到所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维。
实施例2
一种含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)棉纤维预处理：将表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠与水按照10：100的质量比配成预处理液，然后将棉纤维和预处理液按照质量比为3：15混合，在50℃的温度下浸泡2h去除棉纤维表面的杂质和脂肪，然后取出棉纤维，水洗3次，晾干；
(2)棉纤维碱处理：将NaOH、双氧水、乙醇和水按照1：5：2：100的质量比配成碱液，然后将步骤(1)预处理后的棉纤维与碱液按照质量比1：12混合，浸泡30min，处理完成后取出棉纤维，水洗至中性，晾干；
(3)改性处理液的制备：将橙活性成分与清水按照3：50的质量比混合，配成改性处理液，所述橙活性成分直接从橙子中提取获得，其中含有橙皮甙、柚皮甙、柠檬酸、苹果酸；
(4)将步骤(2)碱处理后的棉纤维浸入步骤(3)制备的改性处理液中，其中棉纤维和改性处理液的质量比为1：15，在70℃的温度下浸泡30min，取出，水洗3次，晾干，得到所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维。
实施例3
一种含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)棉纤维预处理：将表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠与水按照10：100的质量比配成预处理液，然后将棉纤维和预处理液按照质量比为3：10混合，在50℃的温度下浸泡2h去除棉纤维表面的杂质和脂肪，然后取出棉纤维，水洗3次，晾干；
(2)棉纤维碱处理：将NaOH、双氧水、乙醇和水按照3：8：1：100的质量比配成碱液，然后将步骤(1)预处理后的棉纤维与碱液按照质量比3：15混合，浸泡60min，处理完成后取出棉纤维，水洗至中性，晾干；
(3)改性处理液的制备：将橙活性成分与清水按照5：50的质量比混合，配成改性处理液，所述橙活性成分直接从橙子中提取获得，其中含有橙皮甙、柚皮甙、柠檬酸、苹果酸；
(4)将步骤(2)碱处理后的棉纤维浸入步骤(3)制备的改性处理液中，其中棉纤维和改性处理液的质量比为2：15，在70℃的温度下浸泡50min，取出，水洗5次，晾干，得到所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维。
对比例1
以未处理的棉纤维作为对比例1。
对比例2
一种改性棉纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)棉纤维预处理：将表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠与水按照10：100的质量比配成预处理液，然后将棉纤维和预处理液按照质量比为3：10混合，在50℃的温度下浸泡2h去除棉纤维表面的杂质和脂肪，然后取出棉纤维，水洗3次，晾干；
(2)棉纤维碱处理：将NaOH、双氧水、乙醇和水按照3：8：1：100的质量比配成碱液，然后将步骤(1)预处理后的棉纤维与碱液按照质量比3：15混合，浸泡60min，处理完成后取出棉纤维，水洗至中性，晾干。
对实施例1～3和对比例1～2的棉纤维样品按照GB/T20944.3—2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分:振荡法》分别进行抑菌测试以及水洗100次之后的抑菌率进行测试，测试的菌种包含金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌三种，测试结果如表1。
表1
对实施例1～3和对比例1～2的棉大生物纤维样品按照国家标准GB/T24346-2009分别进行防霉性能检测，测试结果如表2。
表2
| 编号 | 防霉等级 |
| 实施例1 | 0 |
| 实施例2 | 0 |
| 实施例3 | 0 |
| 对比例1 | 4 |
| 对比例2 | 4 |
从上述数据可知，本申请实施例1～3与对比例1～2相比，具有明显的抗菌性能和不易发霉的特点。且经过测试，分别应用实施例与对比例的棉纤维制备棉布，测试其抗皱想能及抗氧化性能，实施例的棉纤维具有更好的抗氧化性，其不易黄变，且抗皱性能优良。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)棉纤维预处理：将棉纤维置于预处理液中，在40～50℃的温度下浸泡1～3h，取出棉纤维，水洗3～5次，晾干；
(2)棉纤维碱处理：将步骤(1)预处理后的棉纤维置于碱液中浸泡30～60min进行碱处理，处理完成后取出棉纤维，水洗至中性，晾干；
(3)改性处理液的制备：将橙活性成分与清水按照3～5：50的质量比混合，配成改性处理液；
(4)将步骤(2)碱处理后的棉纤维浸入步骤(3)制备的改性处理液，在50～70℃的温度下浸泡30～50min，取出，水洗3～5次，晾干，得到所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述预处理液为表面活性剂与水按照1～10：100的质量比配成的溶液。
3.根据权利要求2所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠或十二烷基硫酸钠中的一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求1所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述棉纤维和预处理液的质量比为1～3：10～15。
5.根据权利要求1所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述碱液为NaOH、双氧水、乙醇和水按照1～3：5～10：1～2：100的质量比配成的溶液。
6.根据权利要求1所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述棉纤维和碱液的质量比为1～3：10～15。
7.根据权利要求1所述含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)所述棉纤维和改性处理液的质量比为1～3：10～15。
8.一种含橙活性成分的棉大生物纤维，其特征在于，根据权利要求1-7任一所述制备方法制备而成。
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