CN115354490A - 一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115354490A CN115354490A CN202211125220.8A CN202211125220A CN115354490A CN 115354490 A CN115354490 A CN 115354490A CN 202211125220 A CN202211125220 A CN 202211125220A CN 115354490 A CN115354490 A CN 115354490A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- eugenol
- polyester fiber
- fabric
- modified polyester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N eugenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chavibetol Natural products COC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1O NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000005770 Eugenol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pseudoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C(C)=C)=CC=C1O UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229960002217 eugenol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 62
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- YBBJKCMMCRQZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrithione Chemical compound ON1C=CC=CC1=S YBBJKCMMCRQZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- DCUFMVPCXCSVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(=O)C(C)=C DCUFMVPCXCSVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- -1 ester quaternary ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzil Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N medroxyprogesterone acetate Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)CC(=O)C=C1[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@](OC(C)=O)(C(C)=O)CC[C@H]21 PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
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- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
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- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001411320 Eriogonum inflatum Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000702 anti-platelet effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012650 click reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010634 clove oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGVVTMRZYROCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2-thiol N-oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1S FGVVTMRZYROCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010110 spontaneous platelet aggregation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
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- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:步骤1,改性涤纶纤维:S1.碱减量处理涤纶纤维;S2.丁香酚活化涤纶纤维;S3.改性涤纶纤维的制备;步骤2,纺制纱线:将改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维依次经过清花、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱和络筒的工艺,最终混纺形成纱线;步骤3,织造面料:将得到的纱线依次经过浆纱、退浆、编织和染整工艺,得到了纤维混纺高弹面料。本发明面料的成分中主要是采用了改性后的涤纶纤维作为主要的弹性和抗菌性来源,同时通过加入棉纤维增强吸汗排湿的性能,使制备得到的面料不仅具有高弹性,还具有手感好、强度高以及抗菌效果好的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及面料纤维领域,具体涉及一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法。
背景技术
混纺是用化学纤维与真丝、棉、麻等等混合之后纺织出来的面料,比如涤棉混纺、羊兔毛混纺、锦纶棉砂混纺等等都属于混纺面料的一种。这种面料在夏天穿热不热要看它的原料,如果是用天然纤维的混纺面料是不热的,如果用涤棉混纺就会热。混纺面料的优点会比较杂,因为化学纤维与不同的材质混纺之后,它的特点是不一样的,比如毛粘混纺有耐磨、抗皱、强度高、蓬松等等优点;而羊兔毛混纺有色泽好、花色多等等优点;涤棉混纺有尺寸稳定不宜缩水,且容易洗容易干的优点。同时,混纺面料还具有一些缺陷,它的缺点也是因材料而异,比如涤棉混纺的缺点是不透气、不吸湿;羊兔毛混纺的缺点是强度低,抱合差;涤粘混纺织物的缺点是免烫性不强;TC布的缺点是耐热和耐光性一般,不能够暴晒也不能拧干。
因此,目前市场上虽然存在多种混纺面料,但是在吸湿和抗菌方面的表现不足,因此需要一种能够同时具有吸湿性且具有很好抑菌性的面料。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的是提供一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法。
本发明的目的采用以下技术方案来实现:
一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,改性涤纶纤维:
S1.碱减量处理涤纶纤维:
将涤纶纤维在强碱高温水溶液内处理,得到碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维;
S2.丁香酚活化涤纶纤维
将丁香酚干燥并除氧后,在保护气的作用下,与甲基丙烯酸酐结合并升温反应,得到活化后的丁香酚;
将碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与活化后的丁香酚混合至无水乙醇中,混合搅拌均匀后,浸泡一段时间,得到丁香酚改性涤纶纤维;
S3.改性涤纶纤维的制备:
使用2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物与丁香酚改性涤纶纤维混合在有机溶剂内,在紫外光的照射下进行反应结合,得到改性涤纶纤维;
步骤2,纺制纱线:
将改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维依次经过清花、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱和络筒的工艺,最终混纺形成纱线;
步骤3,织造面料:
将得到的纱线依次经过浆纱、退浆、编织和染整工艺,得到了纤维混纺高弹面料。
优选地,所述步骤1的S1中,碱减量处理涤纶纤维的过程如下:
将涤纶纤维浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,加入碱减量渗透剂TF-107,搅拌均匀后,升温至75-85℃,保温处理0.5-1h,然后除去液体,将余下的纤维使用热水洗涤至中性,减压干燥,得到碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维;
其中,涤纶纤维与氢氧化钠溶液的质量比值是1:8-12,氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是10-20g/L,碱减量渗透剂的浓度是0.2-0.5g/L。
优选地,所述步骤1的S2中,活化后的丁香酚的制备过程如下:
将丁香酚在100℃烘箱内干燥除水,然后倒入反应瓶内,减压除去空气并通入氮气保护气,将反应瓶置于水浴装置内,并向反应瓶内滴加甲基丙烯酸酐,混合搅拌的同时升温至45-55℃,搅拌反应24-36h,反应结束后降温至室温,使用二氯甲烷稀释,并使用饱和的小苏打溶液洗涤至少三次,除杂后,减压干燥,得到活化后的丁香酚;
其中,丁香酚与甲基丙烯酸酐的质量比值是1:0.4-0.6。
优选地,所述步骤1的S2中,丁香酚改性涤纶纤维的制备过程如下:
将碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与活化后的丁香酚混合至无水乙醇中,混合搅拌均匀后,浸泡8-12h后,减压干燥除去乙醇,得到丁香酚改性涤纶纤维;
其中,活化后的丁香酚、碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与无水乙醇的质量比值是0.27-0.38:1:15-20。
优选地,所述步骤1的S3中,改性涤纶纤维的制备过程如下:
将丁香酚改性涤纶纤维与2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物混合至反应容器内,同时加入甲醇,充分搅拌均匀后,加入引发剂苯偶酰双甲醚(DMPA),放置在紫外光照条件下,搅拌处理2-4h,然后调节pH为10后,除去溶剂,先使用去离子水洗涤至中性,再使用二氯甲烷洗涤三次,干燥后,得到改性涤纶纤维;
其中,丁香酚改性涤纶纤维、2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物与甲醇的质量比值是1:0.24-0.52:10-20;引发剂的加入质量是丁香酚改性涤纶纤维质量的1%-3%;紫外光的照射波长是365nm。
优选地,所述步骤2中,改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维的重量比值是6-8:2-4。
优选地,所述步骤2中,改性涤纶纤维的直径为15-18μm,棉纤维的直径为10-12μm。
优选地,所述步骤2中,清花是将不同的纤维按照重量份数混合过机成卷;梳棉是将成卷后的纤维形成连续的条状半成品;并条是将条状半成品并合,改善条干的均匀度和纤维状态;粗纱是将并条后的熟条加工成目标支数和捻度的粗纱;细纱是将粗纱纺成具有确定特数、符合目标要求的细纱;络筒是将细纱在络筒机上加工成符合要求的筒子。
优选地,所述步骤3中,浆纱是将编制成的纱线经过浆料处理,浆料为表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的混合物,表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的质量比是0.2-0.6:0.3-0.5:10;表面活性剂为双十八烷基酯基季铵盐(主要是双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵),柔软剂为季铵化硅烷BFS。
优选地,所述步骤3中,退浆是以氢氧化钠溶液作为退浆剂对浆纱后的纱线进行处理,退浆剂中氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是2-3g/L。
优选地,所述步骤3中,编织是将混纺纱线分为经线和纬线,采取经线在上纬线在下的排列方式,进行一上一下的循环编织方式进行平纹编织。
优选地,所述步骤3中,所述经线的密度为158.4-172.6根/10cm,所述纬线的密度为76.5-81.3根/10cm。
优选地,所述步骤3中,染整包括染色和整理,染色是采用浴染法,将编织后的面料放置在染液内,升温至100-120℃处理0.4-0.6h;其中,染液中分散染料浓度是10g/L,渗透剂JFC的浓度是1g/L,防泳移剂的浓度是10g/L,染色浴比是1:10;
整理是将染色处理后的面料使用柔软整理剂进出处理定型,整理剂的浓度是30-50g/L,有效成分是硅油JV-6305,处理的温度是180-200℃,定型车速是20-30m/min。
本发明的有益效果为:
1.在本发明中,制备了一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,该面料的成分中主要是采用了改性后的涤纶纤维作为主要的弹性和抗菌性来源,同时通过加入棉纤维增强吸汗排湿的性能,使制备得到的面料不仅具有较好吸湿透气性,还具有弹性高、强度高以及抗菌效果好的优点。
2.本发明对纤维的改性中,对涤纶纤维进行碱减量处理,不仅消除了原涤纶纤维比较僵硬的手感,使纤维变得更加柔软、滑爽而富有弹性,而且碱减量的处理还在纤维的表面形成凹坑,以及增加了纤维表面的活性基团,为后续纤维的进一步处理做了铺垫。
3.在本发明中,对碱减量处理后的纤维使用丁香酚进行处理,丁香酚在处理前还进行了活化处理,原因在于丁香酚虽然含有双键,但是双键活性受到酚羟基的影响而变弱,本发明对其使用丙烯酸苷活化,使酚羟基转化成丙烯基酯化基团,从而使得丁香酚上的双键活性更强。
4.本发明通过利用2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物(CAS编号:1121-31-9)中的含氮吡啶杂环的抑菌性能,将2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物通过巯基与丁香酚改性涤纶纤维中的双键基团结合,发生巯基-烯点击反应,从而接枝在纤维上,使纤维具有较好的抑菌性能。相比较于一般的烷基硫醇,该2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物具有更好透气吸水以及抑菌的表现。
5.此外,在传统碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维一般断裂强力会下降,从而使得使用该纤维制备的面料强度会有不足。本发明中对纤维碱减量处理后,在进行的后续处理的过程中,同时会对纤维表面形成的凹坑进行填充和强化,能够起到缓冲作用,减少纤维的断裂强力的下降幅度,从而保证纤维具有足够的强度,这也是本发明所起到的额外效果。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚的说明本发明,对本发明的技术特征、目的和有益效果有更加清楚的理解,现对本发明的技术方案进行以下详细说明,但不能理解为对本发明的可实施范围的限定。
涤纶纤维具有很好的强度和韧性,不容易损坏,加上它高弹性的特点,即使是经历了反复搓揉,也不会变形,会恢复原型,是目前最常用的高弹纤维面料之一。但是聚酯纤维的染色性较差、手感硬、触感差,并且抑菌性能不足限制了其发展应用。
丁香酚是一种价廉易得的可再生资源,在丁香油中含量约占90%,存在于多种植物中,具有持久香气,常作为香皂的香料。由于丁香酚具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗血小板聚集、抗凝和抗血酸性橙的作用,因此常被用于生物制品或者化妆品行业。
下面结合以下实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例1
一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,改性涤纶纤维:
S1.碱减量处理涤纶纤维:
将涤纶纤维浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,加入碱减量渗透剂TF-107,搅拌均匀后,升温至80℃,保温处理0.5h,然后除去液体,将余下的纤维使用热水洗涤至中性,减压干燥,得到碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维;其中,涤纶纤维与氢氧化钠溶液的质量比值是1:10,氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是15g/L,碱减量渗透剂的浓度是0.3g/L。
S2.丁香酚活化涤纶纤维
将丁香酚在100℃烘箱内干燥除水,然后倒入反应瓶内,减压除去空气并通入氮气保护气,将反应瓶置于水浴装置内,并向反应瓶内滴加甲基丙烯酸酐,混合搅拌的同时升温至50℃,搅拌反应32h,反应结束后降温至室温,使用二氯甲烷稀释,并使用饱和的小苏打溶液洗涤至少三次,除杂后,减压干燥,得到活化后的丁香酚;其中,丁香酚与甲基丙烯酸酐的质量比值是1:0.5。
将碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与活化后的丁香酚混合至无水乙醇中,混合搅拌均匀后,浸泡10h后,减压干燥除去乙醇,得到丁香酚改性涤纶纤维;其中,活化后的丁香酚、碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与无水乙醇的质量比值是0.32:1:18。
S3.改性涤纶纤维的制备:
将丁香酚改性涤纶纤维与2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物混合至反应容器内,同时加入甲醇,充分搅拌均匀后,加入引发剂苯偶酰双甲醚(DMPA),放置在紫外光照条件下,搅拌处理3h,然后调节pH为10后,除去溶剂,先使用去离子水洗涤至中性,再使用二氯甲烷洗涤三次,干燥后,得到改性涤纶纤维;其中,丁香酚改性涤纶纤维、2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物与甲醇的质量比值是1:0.38:15;引发剂的加入质量是丁香酚改性涤纶纤维质量的2%;紫外光的照射波长是365nm。
步骤2,纺制纱线:
将改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维依次经过清花、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱和络筒的工艺,改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维的重量比值是7:3;改性涤纶纤维的直径为15-18μm,棉纤维的直径为10-12μm。清花是将不同的纤维按照重量份数混合过机成卷;梳棉是将成卷后的纤维形成连续的条状半成品;并条是将条状半成品并合,改善条干的均匀度和纤维状态;粗纱是将并条后的熟条加工成目标支数和捻度的粗纱;细纱是将粗纱纺成具有确定特数、符合目标要求的细纱;络筒是将细纱在络筒机上加工成符合要求的筒子,最终混纺形成纱线。
步骤3,织造面料:
将得到的纱线依次经过浆纱、退浆、编织和染整工艺,浆纱是将编制成的纱线经过浆料处理,浆料为表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的混合物,表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的质量比是0.4:0.4:10;表面活性剂为双十八烷基酯基季铵盐(主要是双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵),柔软剂为季铵化硅烷BFS。退浆是以氢氧化钠溶液作为退浆剂对浆纱后的纱线进行处理,退浆剂中氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是2g/L。编织是将混纺纱线分为经线和纬线,采取经线在上纬线在下的排列方式,进行一上一下的循环编织方式进行平纹编织;所述经线的密度为165.3根/10cm,所述纬线的密度为78.6根/10cm。染整包括染色和整理,染色是采用浴染法,将编织后的面料放置在染液内,升温至100-120℃处理0.5h;其中,染液中分散染料浓度是10g/L,渗透剂JFC的浓度是1g/L,防泳移剂的浓度是10g/L,染色浴比是1:10;整理是将染色处理后的面料使用柔软整理剂进出处理定型,整理剂的浓度是30-50g/L,有效成分是硅油JV-6305,处理的温度是180℃,定型车速是25m/min,最终得到了纤维混纺高弹面料。
实施例2
一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,改性涤纶纤维:
S1.碱减量处理涤纶纤维:
将涤纶纤维浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,加入碱减量渗透剂TF-107,搅拌均匀后,升温至75℃,保温处理0.5h,然后除去液体,将余下的纤维使用热水洗涤至中性,减压干燥,得到碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维;其中,涤纶纤维与氢氧化钠溶液的质量比值是1:8,氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是10g/L,碱减量渗透剂的浓度是0.2g/L。
S2.丁香酚活化涤纶纤维
将丁香酚在100℃烘箱内干燥除水,然后倒入反应瓶内,减压除去空气并通入氮气保护气,将反应瓶置于水浴装置内,并向反应瓶内滴加甲基丙烯酸酐,混合搅拌的同时升温至45℃,搅拌反应24h,反应结束后降温至室温,使用二氯甲烷稀释,并使用饱和的小苏打溶液洗涤至少三次,除杂后,减压干燥,得到活化后的丁香酚;其中,丁香酚与甲基丙烯酸酐的质量比值是1:0.4。
将碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与活化后的丁香酚混合至无水乙醇中,混合搅拌均匀后,浸泡8h后,减压干燥除去乙醇,得到丁香酚改性涤纶纤维;其中,活化后的丁香酚、碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与无水乙醇的质量比值是0.27:1:15。
S3.改性涤纶纤维的制备:
将丁香酚改性涤纶纤维与2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物混合至反应容器内,同时加入甲醇,充分搅拌均匀后,加入引发剂苯偶酰双甲醚(DMPA),放置在紫外光照条件下,搅拌处理2h,然后调节pH为10后,除去溶剂,先使用去离子水洗涤至中性,再使用二氯甲烷洗涤三次,干燥后,得到改性涤纶纤维;其中,丁香酚改性涤纶纤维、2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物与甲醇的质量比值是1:0.24:10;引发剂的加入质量是丁香酚改性涤纶纤维质量的1%;紫外光的照射波长是365nm。
步骤2,纺制纱线:
将改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维依次经过清花、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱和络筒的工艺,改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维的重量比值是6:4;改性涤纶纤维的直径为15-18μm,棉纤维的直径为10-12μm。清花是将不同的纤维按照重量份数混合过机成卷;梳棉是将成卷后的纤维形成连续的条状半成品;并条是将条状半成品并合,改善条干的均匀度和纤维状态;粗纱是将并条后的熟条加工成目标支数和捻度的粗纱;细纱是将粗纱纺成具有确定特数、符合目标要求的细纱;络筒是将细纱在络筒机上加工成符合要求的筒子,最终混纺形成纱线。
步骤3,织造面料:
将得到的纱线依次经过浆纱、退浆、编织和染整工艺,浆纱是将编制成的纱线经过浆料处理,浆料为表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的混合物,表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的质量比是0.6:0.3:10;表面活性剂为双十八烷基酯基季铵盐(主要是双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵),柔软剂为季铵化硅烷BFS。退浆是以氢氧化钠溶液作为退浆剂对浆纱后的纱线进行处理,退浆剂中氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是2g/L。编织是将混纺纱线分为经线和纬线,采取经线在上纬线在下的排列方式,进行一上一下的循环编织方式进行平纹编织;所述经线的密度为158.4根/10cm,所述纬线的密度为76.5根/10cm。染整包括染色和整理,染色是采用浴染法,将编织后的面料放置在染液内,升温至100℃处理0.4h;其中,染液中分散染料浓度是10g/L,渗透剂JFC的浓度是1g/L,防泳移剂的浓度是10g/L,染色浴比是1:10;整理是将染色处理后的面料使用柔软整理剂进出处理定型,整理剂的浓度是30g/L,有效成分是硅油JV-6305,处理的温度是180℃,定型车速是20m/min,最终得到了纤维混纺高弹面料。
实施例3
一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,改性涤纶纤维:
S1.碱减量处理涤纶纤维:
将涤纶纤维浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,加入碱减量渗透剂TF-107,搅拌均匀后,升温至85℃,保温处理1h,然后除去液体,将余下的纤维使用热水洗涤至中性,减压干燥,得到碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维;其中,涤纶纤维与氢氧化钠溶液的质量比值是1:12,氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是20g/L,碱减量渗透剂的浓度是0.5g/L。
S2.丁香酚活化涤纶纤维
将丁香酚在100℃烘箱内干燥除水,然后倒入反应瓶内,减压除去空气并通入氮气保护气,将反应瓶置于水浴装置内,并向反应瓶内滴加甲基丙烯酸酐,混合搅拌的同时升温至55℃,搅拌反应36h,反应结束后降温至室温,使用二氯甲烷稀释,并使用饱和的小苏打溶液洗涤至少三次,除杂后,减压干燥,得到活化后的丁香酚;其中,丁香酚与甲基丙烯酸酐的质量比值是1:0.6。
将碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与活化后的丁香酚混合至无水乙醇中,混合搅拌均匀后,浸泡12h后,减压干燥除去乙醇,得到丁香酚改性涤纶纤维;其中,活化后的丁香酚、碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与无水乙醇的质量比值是0.38:1:20。
S3.改性涤纶纤维的制备:
将丁香酚改性涤纶纤维与2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物混合至反应容器内,同时加入甲醇,充分搅拌均匀后,加入引发剂苯偶酰双甲醚(DMPA),放置在紫外光照条件下,搅拌处理4h,然后调节pH为10后,除去溶剂,先使用去离子水洗涤至中性,再使用二氯甲烷洗涤三次,干燥后,得到改性涤纶纤维;其中,丁香酚改性涤纶纤维、2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物与甲醇的质量比值是1:0.52:20;引发剂的加入质量是丁香酚改性涤纶纤维质量的3%;紫外光的照射波长是365nm。
步骤2,纺制纱线:
将改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维依次经过清花、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱和络筒的工艺,改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维的重量比值是8:2;改性涤纶纤维的直径为15-18μm,棉纤维的直径为10-12μm。清花是将不同的纤维按照重量份数混合过机成卷;梳棉是将成卷后的纤维形成连续的条状半成品;并条是将条状半成品并合,改善条干的均匀度和纤维状态;粗纱是将并条后的熟条加工成目标支数和捻度的粗纱;细纱是将粗纱纺成具有确定特数、符合目标要求的细纱;络筒是将细纱在络筒机上加工成符合要求的筒子,最终混纺形成纱线。
步骤3,织造面料:
将得到的纱线依次经过浆纱、退浆、编织和染整工艺,浆纱是将编制成的纱线经过浆料处理,浆料为表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的混合物,表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的质量比是0.2:0.5:10;表面活性剂为双十八烷基酯基季铵盐(主要是双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵),柔软剂为季铵化硅烷BFS。退浆是以氢氧化钠溶液作为退浆剂对浆纱后的纱线进行处理,退浆剂中氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是3g/L。编织是将混纺纱线分为经线和纬线,采取经线在上纬线在下的排列方式,进行一上一下的循环编织方式进行平纹编织;所述经线的密度为172.6根/10cm,所述纬线的密度为81.3根/10cm。染整包括染色和整理,染色是采用浴染法,将编织后的面料放置在染液内,升温至120℃处理0.6h;其中,染液中分散染料浓度是10g/L,渗透剂JFC的浓度是1g/L,防泳移剂的浓度是10g/L,染色浴比是1:10;整理是将染色处理后的面料使用柔软整理剂进出处理定型,整理剂的浓度是50g/L,有效成分是硅油JV-6305,处理的温度是200℃,定型车速是30m/min,最终得到了纤维混纺高弹面料。
对比例1
一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,与实施例1的区别在于,“步骤1,改性涤纶纤维”的不同,该对比例采用传统市面上售卖的涤纶纤维替换掉“改性涤纶纤维”,所使用的涤纶纤维与实施例1中加入的涤纶纤维为同样品种。
对比例2
一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,与实施例1的区别在于,“步骤1,改性涤纶纤维”的不同,该对比例对涤纶纤维仅进行碱减量处理,并未加入丁香酚处理,即:
步骤1,改性涤纶纤维:
将涤纶纤维浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,加入碱减量渗透剂TF-107,搅拌均匀后,升温至80℃,保温处理0.5h,然后除去液体,将余下的纤维使用热水洗涤至中性,减压干燥,得到碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维;其中,涤纶纤维与氢氧化钠溶液的质量比值是1:10,氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是15g/L,碱减量渗透剂的浓度是0.3g/L。
对比例3
一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,与实施例1的区别在于,“步骤1,改性涤纶纤维”的不同,该对比例中,使用“正十二硫醇(烷基硫醇)”替换掉“2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物”即:
步骤1,改性涤纶纤维:
S1.碱减量处理涤纶纤维(与实施例1相同)
S2.丁香酚活化涤纶纤维(与实施例1相同)
S3.改性涤纶纤维的制备:
将丁香酚改性涤纶纤维与正十二硫醇混合至反应容器内,同时加入甲醇,充分搅拌均匀后,加入引发剂苯偶酰双甲醚(DMPA),放置在紫外光照条件下,搅拌处理4h,然后调节pH为10后,除去溶剂,先使用去离子水洗涤至中性,再使用二氯甲烷洗涤三次,干燥后,得到改性涤纶纤维;其中,丁香酚改性涤纶纤维、正十二硫醇与甲醇的质量比值是1:0.52:20;引发剂的加入质量是丁香酚改性涤纶纤维质量的3%;紫外光的照射波长是365nm。
针对实施例1、对比例1-3制备的面料的性能测试:
分别选取实施例1、对比例1-3制备的面料作为试样,分别对其进行强度、耐磨性、弹性、吸湿透气性和抑菌性方面的检测。
1.拉伸强度:
在标准大气条件下(20±2℃、65±5%RH),裁取6.5cm×6.5cm大小的试样,每种试样各三个,参照GB/T 3923.1-1997的标准,采用等速拉伸试验仪的断裂强力,取平均值。
2.弹性:
参考ASTMD 3107-75标准的弹性织物测试法检测弹性伸长率与弹性回复率:
准备重锤1.816kg(4磅),56cm×5cm的试样,
(1)夹住布条上端固定住50cm的0线处,布条下端50cm线处挂重锤(连夹子)1.816kg,记号线间距50cm为A。
(2)缓慢上下运动重锤,使布条受到从0-1.816kg力的作用,三个周期,每个周期5s,第四周期承受1.816kg历时10s,测定标记间距为B,用作计算弹性伸长率:
弹性伸长率=(B-A)/A*100%;
(3)30min后再测布条记号线间长度为D,用于计算弹性回复率:
弹性回复率=(B-D)/(B-A)*100%。
3.透气性能:
依据GB/T 4218.15-2018,在标准大气条件下(20+2℃、65+5%RH),采用YG461E数字式透气量仪测试试样透气性,压降为50Pa,测试面积为20cm2,不同部位测试三次,取平均值。
4.吸湿性能:
依据GB/T 24218.6-2010测定试样的液体吸收量。由于试样尺寸结构的限制,基于标准,对试验方案进行修改:在18±2℃、45±3%RH条件下,裁取6.5cm×6.5cm大小的试样,每种试样各三个。首先对带瓶塞的称量瓶称重,为m0,调湿后,用带瓶塞的称量瓶称重,为m1,将试样浸没在去离子水中,1min后取出,垂直悬挂静置2min后放入称量瓶中称重为m2。吸水率计算公式如下:
吸水率=(m2-m1)/(m1-m0)*100%。
5.抑菌性:
依据GB/T 20944.3-2007的标准,将实施例与对比例中的面膜布干燥后,裁取5cm×5cm大小的试样各三个,分别装入一定浓度的试验菌液的三角烧瓶中,在规定的温度下振荡一定时间,测定三角烧瓶内菌液在振荡前及振荡一定时间后的活菌浓度,计算抑菌率,以此评价试样的抗菌效果。
结果表达:以抑菌率的计算值作为结果。当抑菌率计算值为负数时,表示为“0”;当抑菌率计算值≥0时,表示为“≥0”。
评价结果如下表所示:
实施例1 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 | |
经向断裂强力(N) | 406.5 | 387.6 | 334.8 | 392.7 |
纬向断裂强力(N) | 407.3 | 385.8 | 335.2 | 393.1 |
经向弹性伸长率(%) | 21 | 13 | 17 | 18 |
经向弹性回复率(%) | 94 | 85 | 82 | 90 |
透气率(mm/s) | 142.6 | 107.4 | 151.2 | 129.3 |
吸水率(%) | 239.1 | 124.8 | 225.3 | 178.2 |
大肠杆菌抑菌率(%) | >99.9 | 79.7 | 81.8 | 98.5 |
金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率(%) | >99.9 | 76.4 | 83.5 | 97.2 |
上表中能够看出本发明实施例1制备的面料综合表现更加优秀,在力学强度、弹性表现、抑菌性以及吸湿透气性方面比传统的其他面料表现更胜一筹。
最后应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细地说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,改性涤纶纤维:
S1.碱减量处理涤纶纤维:
将涤纶纤维在强碱高温水溶液内处理,得到碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维;
S2.丁香酚活化涤纶纤维:
将丁香酚干燥并除氧后,在保护气的作用下,与甲基丙烯酸酐结合并升温反应,得到活化后的丁香酚;
将碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与活化后的丁香酚混合至无水乙醇中,混合搅拌均匀后,浸泡一段时间,得到丁香酚改性涤纶纤维;
S3.改性涤纶纤维的制备:
使用2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物与丁香酚改性涤纶纤维混合在有机溶剂内,在紫外光的照射下进行反应结合,得到改性涤纶纤维;
步骤2,纺制纱线:
将改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维依次经过清花、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱和络筒的工艺,最终混纺形成纱线;
步骤3,织造面料:
将混纺形成的纱线依次经过浆纱、退浆、编织和染整工艺,得到了纤维混纺高弹面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1的S1中,碱减量处理涤纶纤维的过程如下:
将涤纶纤维浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中,加入碱减量渗透剂TF-107,搅拌均匀后,升温至75-85℃,保温处理0.5-1h,然后除去液体,将余下的纤维使用热水洗涤至中性,减压干燥,得到碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维;
其中,涤纶纤维与氢氧化钠溶液的质量比值是1:8-12,氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是10-20g/L,碱减量渗透剂的浓度是0.2-0.5g/L。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1的S2中,活化后的丁香酚的制备过程如下:
将丁香酚在100℃烘箱内干燥除水,然后倒入反应瓶内,减压除去空气并通入氮气保护气,将反应瓶置于水浴装置内,并向反应瓶内滴加甲基丙烯酸酐,混合搅拌的同时升温至45-55℃,搅拌反应24-36h,反应结束后降温至室温,使用二氯甲烷稀释,并使用饱和的小苏打溶液洗涤至少三次,除杂后,减压干燥,得到活化后的丁香酚;
其中,丁香酚与甲基丙烯酸酐的质量比值是1:0.4-0.6。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1的S2中,丁香酚改性涤纶纤维的制备过程如下:
将碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与活化后的丁香酚混合至无水乙醇中,混合搅拌均匀后,浸泡8-12h后,减压干燥除去乙醇,得到丁香酚改性涤纶纤维;
其中,活化后的丁香酚、碱减量处理后的涤纶纤维与无水乙醇的质量比值是0.27-0.38:1:15-20。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1的S3中,改性涤纶纤维的制备过程如下:
将丁香酚改性涤纶纤维与2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物混合至反应容器内,同时加入甲醇,充分搅拌均匀后,加入引发剂苯偶酰双甲醚(DMPA),放置在紫外光照条件下,搅拌处理2-4h,然后调节pH为10后,除去溶剂,先使用去离子水洗涤至中性,再使用二氯甲烷洗涤三次,干燥后,得到改性涤纶纤维;
其中,丁香酚改性涤纶纤维、2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化物与甲醇的质量比值是1:0.24-0.52:10-20;引发剂的加入质量是丁香酚改性涤纶纤维质量的1%-3%;紫外光的照射波长是365nm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中,改性涤纶纤维与棉纤维的重量比值是6-8:2-4;改性涤纶纤维的直径为15-18μm,棉纤维的直径为10-12μm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中,清花是将不同的纤维按照重量份数混合过机成卷;梳棉是将成卷后的纤维形成连续的条状半成品;并条是将条状半成品并合,改善条干的均匀度和纤维状态;粗纱是将并条后的熟条加工成目标支数和捻度的粗纱;细纱是将粗纱纺成具有确定特数、符合目标要求的细纱;络筒是将细纱在络筒机上加工成符合要求的筒子。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,浆纱是将编制成的纱线经过浆料处理,浆料为表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的混合物,表面活性剂、柔软剂和去离子水的质量比是0.2-0.6:0.3-0.5:10;表面活性剂为双十八烷基酯基季铵盐,柔软剂为季铵化硅烷BFS;
退浆是以氢氧化钠溶液作为退浆剂对浆纱后的纱线进行处理,退浆剂中氢氧化钠溶液的浓度是2-3g/L;
编织是将退浆处理后的纱线分为经线和纬线,采取经线在上纬线在下的排列方式,进行一上一下的循环编织方式进行平纹编织。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,所述经线的密度为158.4-172.6根/10cm,所述纬线的密度为76.5-81.3根/10cm。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维混纺吸湿抑菌面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,染整包括染色和整理,染色是采用浴染法,将编织后的面料放置在染液内,升温至100-120℃处理0.4-0.6h;其中,染液中分散染料浓度是10g/L,渗透剂JFC的浓度是1g/L,防泳移剂的浓度是10g/L,染色浴比是1:10;
整理是将染色处理后的面料使用柔软整理剂进出处理定型,整理剂的浓度是30-50g/L,有效成分是硅油JV-6305,处理的温度是180-200℃,定型车速是20-30m/min。
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