CN113477215A - 一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法 Download PDF

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CN113477215A
CN113477215A CN202110811081.3A CN202110811081A CN113477215A CN 113477215 A CN113477215 A CN 113477215A CN 202110811081 A CN202110811081 A CN 202110811081A CN 113477215 A CN113477215 A CN 113477215A
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安丽华
裴佩
郭军军
王德周
金彦任
齐嘉豪
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Shanxi Xinhua Chemical Defense Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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    • B01J20/20Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0233Compounds of Cu, Ag, Au
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    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及氰化物脱除技术领域,具体涉及一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法;配置一定浓度螯合剂溶液作为溶剂,并在溶剂中溶解一定量的铜化合物、铬化合物、钼盐、锌盐和银盐中的至少一种,配置成混合溶液,将混合溶液倒在载体材料上后,放置1‑2h后,于一定温度活化一定时间得到成品吸附剂;本发明提出的用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂,在制备过程中不使用氨水,对环境无污染。得到的成品中无氨味,对人体友好,制备的成品对氰化物有较好的脱除能力。且本发明的处理工艺简单易行,具有较大的应用前景。

Description

一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及氰化物脱除技术领域,具体涉及一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法。
背景技术
浸渍炭对氰化物(HCN、CNCl)的防护主要是靠负载在其上的Cu、Gr、Ag等的化合物与毒剂的化学反应或催化作用来实现的。
目前应用广泛的,对氰化物脱除效果较好的浸渍炭,多是利用氨水作为溶剂,负载铜盐、铬盐、锌盐等制备得到。氨水的使用不仅给制备人员的身体带来伤害,还会造成严重的环境污染。而且制备得到的浸渍炭在高温高湿的环境下使用时,会有氨味逸出,给使用带来不便。
发明内容
本发明为解决一直以来使用氨水作为溶剂制备浸渍炭对环境造成污染的问题,提供一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法,制备成品中无氨残留,对人体友好。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案为:一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法,配置一定浓度螯合剂溶液作为溶剂,并在溶剂中溶解一定量的铜化合物、铬化合物、钼盐、锌盐和银盐中的至少一种,配置成混合溶液,将混合溶液倒在载体材料上后,放置1-4h后,于一定温度活化一定时间得到成品吸附剂。
选择具有高比表面积的,孔隙结构发达的活性炭等为载体材料,通过螯合剂与可溶性铜盐反应生成螯合物进行负载,再经过一定温度活化,得到的成品对氰化物有较好的防护效果。
进一步的,所述螯合剂溶液为EDTA-Na溶液。
进一步的,所述载体材料为活性炭材料或其它多孔隙吸附材料。
优选的,负载铜化合物的比例为载体材料重量的1%~20%,负载铬化合物的比例为载体材料重量的1%~20%。
进一步的,负载有混合溶液的载体材料活化温度为150-200℃,活化时间为3-4h。
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明提出的用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂,在制备过程中不使用氨水,对环境无污染。得到的成品中无氨味,对人体友好,制备的成品对氰化物有较好的脱除能力。且本发明的处理工艺简单易行,具有较大的应用前景。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
取200g煤质09柱状活性炭。采用等量浸渍法,量取与活性炭水容量相等量的去离子水,取15gEDTA,11gNa2CO3配成溶液,取30g硝酸铜,13g铬酸酐溶于其中,将配置好的浸渍液倒在活性炭样品上,不断搅拌,待充分浸渍后放置2h,于150℃下活化,活化(煅烧)时间3h,在烘箱中进行。
实施例2
取200g煤质09柱状活性炭。采用等量浸渍法,量取与活性炭水容量相等量的去离子水,取30gEDTA,22gNa2CO3配成溶液,取33g氯化铜,6g铬酸酐溶于其中,将配置好的浸渍液倒在活性炭样品上,不断搅拌,待充分浸渍后放置1h,于170℃下活化,活化(煅烧)时间3.5h,在烘箱中进行。
实施例3
取200g煤质09柱状活性炭。采用等量浸渍法,量取与活性炭水容量相等量的去离子水,取7.5gEDTA,5.5gNa2CO3配成溶液,取27g硫酸铜,18g铬酸酐溶于其中,将配置好的浸渍液倒在活性炭样品上,不断搅拌,待充分浸渍后放置3h,于190℃下活化,活化(煅烧)时间4h,在烘箱中进行。
对比例1
取200g同批次的煤质09柱状活性炭,采用等量浸渍法,量取与活性炭水容量相等量的氨水,溶解30g碱式碳酸铜,11g铬酸酐,配置成浸渍液,将配置好的浸渍液倒在活性炭样品上,不断搅拌,待充分浸渍后放置2.5h,于180℃下活化,在烘箱中进行。
以上实施例和对比例对CNCl、HCN的防护性能见下表1:
表1 吸附剂对氰化物的脱除效果
Figure BDA0003168193320000021

Claims (5)

1.一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法,其特征在于,配置一定浓度螯合剂溶液作为溶剂,并在溶剂中溶解一定量的铜化合物、铬化合物、钼盐、锌盐和银盐中的至少一种,配置成混合溶液,将混合溶液倒在载体材料上后,放置一定时间后,于一定温度活化一定时间得到成品吸附剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法,其特征在于,所述螯合剂溶液为EDTA-Na溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法,其特征在于,所述载体材料为活性炭材料或其它多孔隙吸附材料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法,其特征在于,负载铜化合物的比例为载体材料重量的1%~20%,负载铬化合物的比例为载体材料重量的1%~20%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用螯合剂制备用于脱除氰化物的吸附剂的方法,其特征在于,负载有混合溶液的载体材料活化温度为150-200℃,活化时间为3-4h。
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