CN1134328C - 由涂布的聚碳酸酯和聚合物组成的复合材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种互锁复合材料，包括表面带有涂层的聚碳酸酯构成的成形体(1)和一种聚合物，其中所述成形体在边缘区域具有增进附着的特殊几何特征(2)。本发明还涉及所述互锁复合材料的生产以及可由其生产的产品。
Description
本发明涉及一种复合结构，它包括一种表面带有涂层并且在其边缘区域具有增粘几何特征的成形聚碳酸酯制品，和一种聚合物；该复合结构的生产；其用于生产各种产品的应用；以及由它制成的产品。
玻璃正在日益被聚碳酸酯所取代，尤其是在那些由于其重量大以及/和易破裂而被认为不适宜的领域。
可用作玻璃代用品的聚碳酸酯必须带有涂层，以便它既抗划伤又耐受其他的环境影响。然而，聚碳酸酯的此种涂层常常使得聚碳酸酯不再能与其他聚合物发生化学或物理粘合，以致不依靠诸如网状物之类连接手段，通常就不可能在该涂布聚碳酸酯上牢固粘附另一种聚合物以形成复合结构。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种复合结构，它包括表面带有涂层的成形聚碳酸酯制品和一种聚合物，其中该复合结构具有一个不需要连接手段诸如网状物的牢固的结构；一种生产本发明复合材料的方法；以及由此生产的产品。
本发明的目的通过下述来实现：一种包括表面带有涂层且在其边缘区域具有增粘几何特征的成形聚碳酸酯制品和一种聚合物的复合结构，该复合结构可通过将所述聚合物包围着成形制品边缘区域进行注塑或浇铸来获得；生产本发明的复合材料的方法，该方法包括包围着聚碳酸酯成形制品边缘区域注塑或浇铸一种材料；本发明的复合材料用于生产各种产品的应用；以及可如此获得的产品。
本发明复合材料的优点在于，在涂布的、成形聚碳酸酯制品与该聚合物之间存在结构协力，尽管成形制品和聚合物之间既未经过化学也未经过物理的粘合。物理粘合是指，例如某种特定的牢固附着。
本发明所说的聚碳酸酯可以是均聚碳酸酯或者是共聚碳酸酯。该聚碳酸酯可以是线型或者是支链的。优选使用以双酚A(2，2-双(4-羟苯基)-丙烷)为基础的均聚碳酸酯，或者是以双酚A与，以双酚总摩尔数为基准，最高60mol％1，1-双(4-羟苯基)-3，3，5-三甲基环己烷为基础的共聚碳酸酯。尤其优选使用以双酚A为基础的均聚碳酸酯。
本发明所说的聚碳酸酯还可以是这样的芳族聚碳酸酯，其中最高80mol％，优选20mol％～最高50mol％碳酸酯基团被芳族二羧酸酯基团所取代。此种聚碳酸酯，由于既包含碳酸的酸基团又包含芳族二羧酸的酸基团，二者结合在其分子链中，故被称作芳族聚酯-碳酸酯。它们笼统地用属名聚碳酸酯来称呼。
聚碳酸酯可用各种已知的方法来制备。作为例子，这里仅举出以下参考文献：Schnell的“聚碳酸酯物理及化学”，《聚合物评论》，卷9，国际科学出版社，纽约、伦敦、悉尼1964；以及D.C.Prevorsek，B.T.Debona及Y.Kesten，合作研究中心，联合化学公司，Morristown，新泽西07960，“聚(酯-碳酸酯)共聚物的合成”，《聚合物科学会报.聚合物化学篇》卷19，75～90(1980)；以及D.Freitag，U.Grigo，P.R.Müller，N.Nouvertne，拜耳公司，“聚碳酸酯”，《聚合物科学及工程大全》，卷11，1988，第2版，1988，pp.648～718；以及最后，U.Grigo，K.Kircher及P.R.Miiller的“聚碳酸酯”，Becker，Braun主编的《塑料手册》，卷3/1，有关“聚碳酸酯、聚缩醛、聚酯、纤维素酯”的章节，Carl Hanser出版社，慕尼黑、维也纳，1992，pp.117～299。
本发明聚碳酸酯的平均分子量
Mw介于12,000～400,000g/mol(按照浓度为0.5g聚碳酸酯/100mL二氯甲烷的二氯甲烷溶液在25℃的相对粘度测定来确定)，优选介于18,000～80,000g/mol，尤其是22,000～60,000g/mol。
本发明的聚碳酸酯可包含添加剂。
就本发明而言，“涂布的”是指，在成形聚碳酸酯制品上提供了抗划伤表面涂层，它也耐化学(侵蚀)，并任选地，吸收紫外光，而且另外还可具有亲水或疏水特性。优选的是，本发明成形制品边缘区域的50％以上具有涂层。尤其优选的是，边缘区域的75％以上带有涂层。
本领域技术人员知道，所有赋予聚碳酸酯以抗划伤性能从而使之具有如同玻璃一般表面结构的涂层，均可用作该表面涂层。优选采用诸如WO95/13 426中所描述的表面涂层。
本发明复合材料是通过，将一种聚合物包围着成形制品边缘区域注塑或浇铸获得的。本发明所指的聚合物包括所有热塑性塑料以及橡胶状聚合物(橡胶)，例如作为密封组合物使用的那些，或者也可使用热固性聚合物。上面提到的聚合物的共混物也可使用。
本发明的复合材料优选通过将热塑性塑料包围着成形制品进行注塑来制备。
可举出的热塑性塑料的例子是，聚苯乙烯、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚缩醛、聚丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯/丙烯腈，以及以上述聚合物为基础的共聚物乃至上述聚合物或共聚物彼此或者与另外的聚合物的共混物。
橡胶状聚合物，就本发明而言，例如是聚异戊二烯、聚氯丁二烯、苯乙烯/丁二烯橡胶、橡胶状ABS聚合物，以及乙烯与1种或多种下列化合物的共聚物：醋酸乙烯、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯。
另外，浇铸树脂，例如不饱和聚酯、环氧树脂组合物、丙烯酸酯、甲醛树脂或聚氨酯，也可用作本发明中使用的聚合物。
可用于本发明的热塑性塑料、橡胶及热固性树脂详载于，例如：Saechtling的《塑料袖珍手册》，第26版，Carl Hanser出版社，慕尼黑、维也纳，1995；以及Vieweg及Braun的《塑料手册》，CarlHanser出版社，慕尼黑、维也纳，1995；以及Becker，Braun的《塑料手册》，Carl Hanser出版社，慕尼黑、维也纳，1992中。
本发明的聚合物可包含添加剂。
本发明的复合材料优选通过将热塑性塑料包围着成形制品注塑而制成。
成形聚碳酸酯制品优选是片材或薄膜。片材可以是扁平或曲面(弯曲)的。本发明所指的“曲面的”是指，片材被弯曲成具有特定形状，例如汽车结构中所要求的那样，档风玻璃或后窗玻璃的形式，或者住房构造中的天窗。片材的优选厚度介于1mm～3cm，尤其优选3mm～10mm。薄膜的优选厚度小于1mm，尤其优选0.25～1.0mm。
在本发明另一种优选实施方案中，成形制品具有弯曲表面，例如尤其是在光学透镜中使用的那样。
作为边缘区域的增粘几何特征，该成形制品优选具有1个或多个缺口，或者圆形或椭圆孔或者凹痕或贝壳花边或冲孔或半冲孔或者锯齿(波浪)，当包围着成形制品注塑或浇铸该聚合物时，聚合物将这些几何特征包围起来，从而在成形制品与聚合物之间形成结构牢固的连接。
本发明的优选实施方案是一种表面带涂层的以双酚A为基础的聚碳酸酯和热塑性塑料的复合结构；其制备及其应用；以及由它制成的产品。
边缘区域优选占到本发明聚碳酸酯成形制品总表面面积的20％以下。它尤其优选占到10％以下。边缘区域应理解为，例如靠近片材边缘的表面。在不具有明确边缘区域的成形制品的情况下，例如球形，则边缘区域是成形制品表面上任意选择的部分。
本发明的复合材料适合用来生产各种各样产品。本发明的复合材料尤其适合生产带边框的物品，例如幻灯片。
本发明的复合材料还特别适合生产聚碳酸酯窗板，其中密封条，或者甚至整个窗框通过注塑操作被固定在该涂布的聚碳酸酯板上。
本发明的复合材料还尤其适合汽车前灯的生产。在这种情况下，例如，前灯镜可由本发明的成形聚碳酸酯制品制成。
本发明复合材料的另一种优选应用是生产照片镜框，其中在聚碳酸酯片材上还可备有防反光涂层。
本发明的复合材料还优选用于生产机动车玻璃窗。
另一种优选用途是生产各种类型塑料外壳中的显示屏，尤其是电脑和移动电话的显示屏。无光泽电视屏也可由本发明的复合材料来生产。
下面，将借助图1～3来说明本发明。这些说明不过是举例而已，因此不构成对本发明的限制。
图1表示边缘区域带有通孔的聚碳酸酯薄膜。
图2表示边缘区域带有缺口的聚碳酸酯薄膜。
图3表示边缘区域带有凹痕或贝壳花边的聚碳酸酯薄膜。
图4表示边缘区域带有半冲孔的聚碳酸酯薄膜。
图1表示0.8mm厚的涂布的聚碳酸酯薄膜，在边缘区域带有16个通孔。热塑性塑料(例如)围绕着该薄膜边缘区域进行注塑，从而形成幻灯片。围绕薄膜注塑期间，热塑性材料渗入到通孔中，从而形成结构牢固的复合材料。通孔的数目和直径取决于薄膜与边框之间力的大小，即，复合材料必须具备的强度。
图2表示5mm厚的涂布聚碳酸酯片材，其边缘区域6中具有缺口。缺口是铸造在片材中的。当热塑性材料围绕着聚碳酸酯片材注塑时，缺口中充满热塑性材料，于是，在热塑性材料与片材之间形成结构牢固的连接。此种类型复合材料尤其适合作玻璃窗。
图3表示聚碳酸酯薄膜的断面。薄膜1在边缘区域具有凹痕或贝壳花边2，它是利用一种钝工具结合到薄膜上去的。当热塑性材料围绕着薄膜注塑时，热塑性塑料将凹痕或贝壳花边包裹起来，从而形成结构牢固的复合材料。
图4表示边缘区域带有半冲孔的聚碳酸酯薄膜透视图。在片材上冲出扇形3，例如圆扇形，并且在冲孔期间令其朝外翻卷。当热塑性材料包围着片材注塑时，便将这些凸起、近似的圆盘4包裹起来，从而形成结构牢固的复合材料。
Claims (16)
1.一种复合结构，其包括
a)成形聚碳酸酯制品、其表面带有涂层并在边缘区域具有增粘几何特征；和
b)聚合物，该聚合物在所述边缘区域围绕着所述成形聚碳酸酯制品。
2.权利要求1的复合结构，其特征在于，成形聚碳酸酯制品是扁平或弯曲的片材或薄膜。
3.权利要求1或2的复合结构，其特征在于，增粘几何特征选自通孔、凹痕、贝壳花边、冲孔、半冲孔或锯齿。
4.权利要求1～3之一的复合结构，其特征在于，聚合物是热塑性塑料。
5.权利要求1～4之一的复合结构，其特征在于，聚碳酸酯具有抗划伤表面涂层。
6.一种生产复合结构的方法，其中该结构包括表面带有涂层并在边缘区域具有增粘几何特征的成形聚碳酸酯制品和一种聚合物，方法包括，围绕着聚碳酸酯成形制品边缘区域注塑或浇铸该材料。
7.权利要求1～5之一的复合结构用于生产各种产品的应用。
8.权利要求1～5之一的复合结构用于生产幻灯片或照片镜框的应用。
9.权利要求1～5之一的复合结构用于生产带密封条玻璃窗或带边框玻璃窗的应用。
10.权利要求1～5之一的复合结构用于生产机动车玻璃窗的应用。
11.权利要求1～5之一的复合结构用于生产塑料外壳中显示屏的应用。
12.可由权利要求1～5之一的复合结构获得的产品。
13.可由权利要求1～5之一的复合结构获得的照片镜框或幻灯片。
14.可由权利要求1～5之一的复合结构获得的带密封条或边框的玻璃窗。
15.可由权利要求1～5之一的复合结构获得的机动车玻璃窗。
16.可由权利要求1～5之一的复合结构获得的塑料外壳中的显示屏。
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| DE19821629 | 1998-05-14 | ||
| DE19821629.7 | 1998-05-14 |
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| EP (1) | EP1089863A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2002515361A (zh) |
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| CA (1) | CA2331578C (zh) |
| ID (1) | ID27450A (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL139284A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI225442B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1999059793A1 (zh) |
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| IL144393A0 (en) * | 2001-07-18 | 2002-05-23 | Ofer Lidror Ltd | A device useful for indicating signs and a method for production thereof |
| US7021112B2 (en) | 2002-09-02 | 2006-04-04 | Yamaha Corporation | Manufacturing method for metal design panel |
| DE102004012467B4 (de) * | 2004-03-15 | 2007-05-31 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Fahrzeug-Folienbauteil und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| US20060182984A1 (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-17 | Abele Wolfgang P | Protected polycarbonate films having thermal and UV radiation stability, and method of making |
| US20070231577A1 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-04 | Basf Corporation | Coatings for polycarbonate windows |
| FR2928100B1 (fr) * | 2008-02-28 | 2010-04-02 | Plastic Omnium Cie | Procede de fabrication d'une piece structurelle de vehicule automobile et une telle piece. |
| US20160333633A1 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-11-17 | Insite Manufacturing Pty Ltd | Panel and panel assembly |
| WO2018054847A1 (de) | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-29 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Transparente formteile mit geringer dicke |
| DK179398B1 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-28 | Vkr Holding As | Method of providing a covering element and a covering element for covering a hinge part of a roof window |
| DK179387B1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-28 | Vkr Holding As | A method for attaching two window components |
| KR102021377B1 (ko) | 2018-01-29 | 2019-09-16 | 공주대학교 산학협력단 | 탄소계 필러 함유 전기전도성 폴리카보네이트 나노복합소재의 제조방법 및 그에 의해 제조된 전기전도성 폴리카보네이트 나노복합소재 |
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| US3415709A (en) * | 1965-08-02 | 1968-12-10 | Johnson & Johnson | Edge reinforced paneling |
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| DE1755596A1 (de) | 1968-05-27 | 1971-11-18 | Liverpa Gmbh | Profilleiste fuer Kraftfahrzeuge |
| US4041031A (en) * | 1973-12-20 | 1977-08-09 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Method of making fiber reinforced protective headgear |
| US4196545A (en) * | 1978-04-27 | 1980-04-08 | Pauline L. Fuller | Window structure |
| US4284685A (en) * | 1980-01-10 | 1981-08-18 | General Electric Company | Abrasion resistant silicone coated polycarbonate article |
| DE3044851A1 (de) * | 1980-11-28 | 1982-07-01 | Peter 8101 Wallgau Florjancic | "verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von profilteilen aus kunststoff in geteilten spritzformen" |
| JPS57189834A (en) | 1981-05-19 | 1982-11-22 | Canon Inc | Double-color forming method |
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| WO1986000262A1 (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-01-16 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Method of forming a windowed unitary panel |
| DE3523779A1 (de) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-22 | Manfred Kammer | Kunststoffkoerper aus geschlossenporigem kunststoffschaum, mit hinterschnittartigen vertiefungen, sowie ein werkzeug mit dem diese vertiefungen in das material eingedrueckt werden koennen |
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1999
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- 1999-05-03 WO PCT/EP1999/002968 patent/WO1999059793A1/de active IP Right Grant
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- 1999-05-03 KR KR1020007012658A patent/KR100585908B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20010043544A (ko) | 2001-05-25 |
| IL139284A0 (en) | 2001-11-25 |
| TWI225442B (en) | 2004-12-21 |
| ID27450A (id) | 2001-04-12 |
| IL139284A (en) | 2004-06-20 |
| JP2002515361A (ja) | 2002-05-28 |
| CA2331578A1 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
| AU743927B2 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
| CN1300248A (zh) | 2001-06-20 |
| EP1089863A1 (de) | 2001-04-11 |
| KR100585908B1 (ko) | 2006-06-02 |
| BR9910451A (pt) | 2001-01-02 |
| WO1999059793A1 (de) | 1999-11-25 |
| AU3826299A (en) | 1999-12-06 |
| US6548146B1 (en) | 2003-04-15 |
| CA2331578C (en) | 2011-07-19 |
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