CN113429402A - 基于二苯并噻吩砜的热活化延迟荧光材料 - Google Patents
基于二苯并噻吩砜的热活化延迟荧光材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- IKJFYINYNJYDTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene sulfone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 IKJFYINYNJYDTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 4, 6-dibromo-dibenzothiophene-5, 5-dioxide Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- UNXISIRQWPTTSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-diol Chemical compound [B].[B].CC(C)(O)C(C)(C)O UNXISIRQWPTTSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KZMAWJRXKGLWGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-n-(3-methoxypropyl)acetamide Chemical compound S1C(N(C(=O)CCl)CCCOC)=NC(C=2C=CC(OC)=CC=2)=C1 KZMAWJRXKGLWGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSEQNGYLWKBMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9-dimethyl-10h-acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 JSEQNGYLWKBMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GSRACRUJMDHCAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;9h-carbazole Chemical compound OB(O)O.C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 GSRACRUJMDHCAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机发光材料技术领域,特别涉及一类基于二苯并噻吩砜的热活化延迟荧光材料。
背景技术
有机发光材料在电致发光、生物检测以及信号标识等领域具有重要应用价值。尤其是在电致发光领域,基于有机发光材料制备的有机发光二极管已经逐步应用于高端显示以及固态照明设备,相关器件具有色域广、对比度高、外观轻薄等优点,甚至发展出可折叠、可卷曲形态的商品。目前,贵金属铱/铂等的有机金属配合物是制备高效率有机发光二极管的最佳发光材料之一,其原因在于重金属中心的存在能够促进单线态与三线态之间的系间蹿跃,利用全部电激发生成的激子发光,获得100%的内量子效率。然而,由于重金属的不可再生性以及高昂的价格,导致有机金属配合物发光材料成本高且回收困难。为了解决以上问题,不含贵金属的热活化延迟荧光材料应运而生。热活化延迟荧光材料利用热活化反向系间蹿跃这一性质能够实现对三线态激子的合理利用,最终有望在有机发光二极管中获得100%的内量子效率,故而受到越来越多的关注。但是,目前报道的热活化延迟荧光材料存在种类少且发光效率较低等问题,尤其是深蓝光/蓝光热活化延迟荧光的发光效率较低,通常不高于80%。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供了基于二苯并噻吩砜的热活化延迟荧光材料,所得热活化延迟荧光材料在紫外灯照射下可以发出明亮的深蓝光、蓝光、绿光以及黄绿光,发光量子效率最高达到了95%。
为了达到上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
基于二苯并噻吩砜的热活化延迟荧光材料,其化学通式如下所示:
上式中,取代基R1为氢原子、电子给体咔唑及其衍生物、吩噁嗪及其衍生物或吖啶及其衍生物;取代基R2为氢原子、电子给体咔唑及其衍生物、吩噁嗪及其衍生物或吖啶及其衍生物;取代基R1、R2相同或不同均可。
所述的荧光材料,其具体结构包括如下五个:
本发明的有益效果:
(1)、基于二苯并噻吩砜的热活化延迟荧光材料,其分子内电子受体为刚性二苯并噻吩砜基团,利用化学单键将电子给体引入至二苯并噻吩砜基团的4,6位,能够优化发光材料的分子构型;通过改变电子给体的类型及数量,能够调整发光材料的发光颜色;所得发光材料具有热延迟荧光特性,同时显著提高发光材料的发光量子效率至95%。
(2)、采用稳态瞬态荧光光谱仪对所得荧光材料发光性能进行了表征,表明这些发光材料发光颜色包含了深蓝光、蓝光、绿光以及黄绿光,并且在室温条件下的发光寿命达到了微秒级,证明其具有热活化延迟荧光特性,发光量子效率达到了85%以上,最高发光量子效率可达到95%,高于目前大多数热延迟荧光材料的发光效率。
附图说明
图1为制备电子给体硼酸酯化合物的反应路线图。
图2为制备目标发光分子1、2及3的反应路线图。
图3为制备目标发光分子4及5的反应路线图。
图4为目标发光分子的稳态光谱图。
图5为目标发光分子的瞬态光谱图;图5中的(a)是实施例1的目标发光分子1的瞬态光谱图;(b)是实施例2的目标发光分子2的瞬态光谱图;(c)是实施例3的目标发光分子3的瞬态光谱图;(d)是实施例4的目标发光分子4的瞬态光谱图;(e)是实施例5的目标发光分子5的瞬态光谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。
实施例一
参照图1与图2,其合成路线包括以下步骤:
第一步:将9,9-二甲基-9,10-二氢吖啶(1equiv.)、2-溴-5-碘代苯(1equiv.)、碘化亚铜(0.02equiv.)和叔丁醇钠(2equiv.)加入反应管中,氮气抽排三次,在氮气保护下搅拌加入50mL 1,4-二氧六环(溶剂),待原料溶解后加入1,2-二氨基环己烷(配位剂)。在110℃反应搅拌6h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到白色固体产物Y-Br,产率为70%。
第二步:将Y-Br(1equiv.)、联硼酸频哪醇酯(1.5equiv.)、1,1-二(二苯基膦)二茂铁二氯化钯(II)(0.02equiv.)和醋酸钾(1.5equiv.)溶于50mL 1,4-二氧六环中。反应混合物在氮气保护下加热至110℃搅拌8h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到白色固体产物Y-Bpin,产率为85%。
第三步:将Y-Bpin(2.3equiv.)、4,6-二溴-二苯并噻吩-5,5-二氧化物(1equiv.)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.1equiv.)、50mL甲苯以及25mL的碳酸钾(浓度为2mol/L)溶液在120℃下搅拌反应24h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到目标发光分子2,产率为75%。核磁表征数据为:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)8.01(d,4H),7.94(d,2H),7.76(t,2H),7.60(d,2H),7.48-7.44(m,8H),7.00-6.90(m,8H),6.38(d,4H),1.68(s,12H).
实施例二
参照图1与图2,其合成路线包括以下步骤:
第一步:将吩噁嗪(1equiv.)、2-溴-5-碘代苯(1equiv.)、碘化亚铜(0.02equiv.)和叔丁醇钠(2equiv.)加入反应管中,氮气抽排三次,在氮气保护下加入50mL 1,4-二氧六环,待原料溶解后加入1,2-二氨基环己烷(配位剂)。在110℃反应搅拌6h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到白色固体产物O-Br,产率为65%。
第二步:将O-Br(1equiv.)、联硼酸频哪醇酯(1.5equiv.)、1,1-二(二苯基膦)二茂铁二氯化钯(II)(0.02equiv.)和醋酸钾(1.5equiv.)溶于50mL 1,4-二氧六环中。反应混合物在氮气保护下加热至110℃搅拌8h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到白色固体产物O-Bpin,产率为85%。
第三步:将O-Bpin(2.3equiv.)、4,6-二溴-二苯并噻吩-5,5-二氧化物(1equiv.)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.1equiv.)、50mL甲苯以及25mL的碳酸钾(浓度为2mol/L)溶液在120℃下搅拌反应24h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到目标发光分子2,产率为65%。核磁表征数据为:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)7.95-7.91(m,6H),7.76(t,2H),7.56(d,2H),7.46(d,4H),6.70-6.59(m,12H),6.03(d,4H)。
实施例三
参照图2,其合成路线包括以下步骤:
将咔唑硼酸(2.3equiv.)、4,6-二溴-二苯并噻吩-5,5-二氧化物(1equiv.)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.1equiv.)、50mL甲苯以及25mL的碳酸钾(浓度为2mol/L)溶液在120℃下搅拌反应24h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到目标发光分子3,产率为80%。核磁表征数据为:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)8.15(d,4H),7.99(d,4H),7.94(d,2H),7.78(t,2H),7.72(d,4H),7.58(dd,6H),7.42(t,4H),7.29(t,4H)。
实施例四
参照图3,其合成路线包括以下步骤:
将Y-Bpin(2.3equiv.)、4-溴-二苯并噻吩-5,5-二氧化物(1equiv.)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.1equiv.)、50mL甲苯以及25mL的碳酸钾(浓度为2mol/L)溶液在120℃下搅拌反应24h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到目标发光分子4,产率为85%。核磁表征数据为:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)8.02(d,2H),7.89-7.79(m,3H),7.73(t,1H),7.67(t,1H),7.59-7.56(m,2H),7.47(t,4H),7.01(t,2H),6.93(t,2H),6.38(d,2H)1.79(s,6H)。
实施例五
参照图3,其合成路线包括以下步骤:
将O-Bpin(2.3equiv.)、4-溴-二苯并噻吩-5,5-二氧化物(1equiv.)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.1equiv.)、50mL甲苯以及25mL的碳酸钾(浓度为2mol/L)溶液在120℃下搅拌反应24h。冷至室温后,向反应混合物中加入100mL水并用二氯甲烷萃取获得有机层。最后浓缩有机层获得粗产品,用硅胶柱层析分离提纯得到目标发光分子5,产率为72%。核磁表征数据为:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ(ppm)7.97(d,2H),7.84(dd,2H),7.80(d,1H),7.72(t,1H),7.67(t,1H),7.58-7.50(m,2H),7.47(d,2H),6.72-6.60(m,6H),6.07-6.00(m,2H)。
获得相关发光分子之后,采用稳态瞬态荧光光谱仪对其发光性能进行了表征。上述实施例所得的发光分子1-5的稳态光谱如图4所示,表明这些发光材料发光颜色包含了深蓝光、蓝光、绿光以及黄绿光。发光分子1-5的瞬态光谱如图5中的五个图(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)、(e)所示,表明这些发光材料在室温条件下的发光寿命达到了微秒级,证明其具有热活化延迟荧光特性。更重要的是发光分子1-5的发光量子效率分别达到了85%、90%、87%、95%以及93%,均高于目前报道的大多数热延迟荧光材料的发光效率。
以上结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作了说明,但这些说明不能被理解为限制了本发明的范围,本发明的保护范围由随附的权利要求书限定,任何在本发明权利要求基础上的改动都是本发明的保护范围。
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