CN113412875A - 蛋白超声复合酸/碱处理结合儿茶素提高抗氧化性 - Google Patents
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Abstract
蛋白超声复合酸/碱处理结合儿茶素提高抗氧化性属于食品加工领域，该方法包括以下步骤：(1)大豆分离蛋白的提取；(2)大豆分离蛋白溶液的超声预处理；(3)将超声后的大豆分离蛋白溶液pH调节至3.0和7.0，加入儿茶素搅拌，冻干得到大豆分离蛋白‑儿茶素非共价复合物；(4)将超声后的大豆分离蛋白溶液pH调节至9.0和12.0，加入儿茶素搅拌，冻干得到大豆分离蛋白‑儿茶素共价复合物。本发明所采用的将大豆分离蛋白超声复合酸/碱处理后与儿茶素结合制备复合物的方法对于蛋白的起泡性和起泡稳定性以及抗氧化能力有显著效果，为蛋白‑多酚复合物作为功能食品的应用提供了参考。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及提高大豆分离蛋白功能及抗氧化性的制备方法，属于食品加工技术。
背景技术
大豆分离蛋白(SPI)是一种重要的植物蛋白，由于营养价值高、生产成本低、具有优良的生物相容性以及加工特性，广泛应用于食品工业、农业、生物技术等领域，一直以来是研究的热点。多酚类物质如茶多酚、花青素、槲皮素等小分子具有较强的抗炎、抗菌以及抗氧化性，可以清除人体自由基，从而起到预防心血管疾病的作用，蛋白质与多酚的相互作用对食品的生产和营养保护起着重要作用，主要包括非共价和共价相互作用。儿茶素是一类属于黄酮类的多酚类化合物，是茶多酚的主要成分，具有较强的抗氧化性，可以通过预防各种疾病来改善人体健康。
超声是一种较强的物理处理方法，能改变蛋白质分子结构，破坏蛋白质分子内键，促进蛋白内部疏水区域的打开，使蛋白肽链内部的疏水基团和极性基团暴露于表面促进与儿茶素的结合。
本发明通过对大豆分离蛋白溶液进行超声预处理，使其内部结构打开，再通过酸/碱处理后结合更多的儿茶素，提高蛋白改性程度，显著增加蛋白的起泡性、起泡稳定性和抗氧化性。两者之间的结合以及超声处理可为超声联合酸/碱处理在蛋白改性领域以及大豆蛋白-多酚复合物作为功能性食品成分的应用提供研究依据和理论基础。
发明内容
本发明主要是通过超声复合酸/碱处理大豆分离蛋白结合多酚使蛋白与儿茶素结合更稳定，增强蛋白的起泡性起泡稳定性以及抗氧化性，为功能食品的生产和应用提供理论支持。
本发明所要解决的技术问题是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
蛋白超声复合酸/碱处理结合儿茶素提高抗氧化性，该方法包括以下步骤：(1)将脱脂豆粉与去离子水按照1:10(g/mL)比例混合后，调节pH至8.0搅拌2h，9000×g离心30min，取上清液调节pH至4.5，静置2h后6000×g离心20min得到蛋白沉淀，用去离子水水洗两次，将溶液pH调至7.0，冻干得到SPI粉末(2)固定超声时间为10min(处理5s，间隔5s)，功率为500W对大豆分离蛋白溶液进行超声预处理，超声处理过的蛋白记为USPI；(3)非共价复合物的制备：分别量取100mL USPI溶液调节pH至3.0和7.0，加入0.1g儿茶素粉末避光搅拌2h，制得pH 3和pH 7的USPI-儿茶素复合物，分别记为N1和N2；(4)共价复合物的制备：分别量取100mLUSPI溶液调节pH至9.0和12.0，加入0.1g儿茶素粉末搅拌24h，制得pH 9和pH 12的USPI-儿茶素复合物，分别记为N3和N4。
所述的超声预处理优选参数为：超声功率为500W，超声时间5min(处理5s，间隔5s)。
所述的混合溶液优选参数为：pH为12，搅拌24h。
本发明方法制备的复合物粉末具有较高的起泡性和起泡稳定性。
本发明方法制备的复合物粉末具有较高的抗氧化能力。
本方法
附图说明
附图1本工艺技术路线图；
附图2通过该方法制得的蛋白-儿茶素复合体起泡性以及起泡稳定性；
附图3通过该方法制得的大豆分离蛋白-儿茶素复合物DPPH以及ABTS自由基清除率。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明具体实施例进行详细描述。
(1)将脱脂豆粉与去离子水按照1:10(g/mL)比例混合后，调节pH至8.0搅拌2h，9000×g离心30min，取上清液调节pH至4.5，静置2h后6000×g离心20min得到蛋白沉淀，用去离子水水洗两次，将溶液pH调至7.0，冻干得到SPI粉末(2)固定超声时间为10min(处理5s，间隔5s)，功率为500W对大豆分离蛋白溶液进行超声预处理，超声处理过的蛋白记为USPI；(3)非共价复合物的制备：分别量取100mL USPI溶液调节pH至3.0和7.0，加入0.1g儿茶素粉末避光搅拌2h，制得pH 3和pH 7的USPI-儿茶素复合物，分别记为N1和N2；(4)共价复合物的制备：分别量取100mL USPI溶液调节pH至9.0和12.0，加入0.1g儿茶素粉末搅拌24h，制得pH 9和pH 12的USPI-儿茶素复合物，分别记为N3和N4。
实施案例1
将脱脂豆粉与去离子水按照1∶10(g/mL)比例混合后，调节pH至8.0搅拌2h，9000×g离心30min，取上清液调节pH至4.5，静置2h后6000×g离心20min得到蛋白沉淀，用去离子水水洗两次，将溶液pH调至7.0，冻干得到SPI粉末(2)固定超声时间为10min(处理5s，间隔5s)，功率为500W对大豆分离蛋白溶液进行超声预处理，超声处理过的蛋白记为USPI；(3)非共价复合物的制备：分别量取100mL USPI溶液调节pH至3.0和7.0，加入0.1g儿茶素粉末避光搅拌2h，制得pH 3和pH 7的USPI-儿茶素复合物，分别记为N1和N2。本发明方法的SPI-儿茶素复合物的起泡性、起泡稳定性及抗氧化性较蛋白明显增强，起泡性分别提高1.3和1.4倍，起泡稳定性分别提高2.0和1.7倍，DPPH自由基清除率分别提高4.6和5倍，ABTS自由基清除率分别提高4和4.7倍。
实施案例2
将脱脂豆粉与去离子水按照1∶10(g/mL)比例混合后，调节pH至8.0搅拌2h，9000×g离心30min，取上清液调节pH至4.5；(2)静置2h后6000×g离心20min得到蛋白沉淀，用去离子水水洗两次，将溶液pH调至7.0，冻干得到SPI粉末；(3)共价复合物的制备：将SPI溶解于pH 7.4、10mM磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)中(1:10，w/v)，固定超声时间为10min(处理5s，间隔5s)，功率为500W进行超声预处理，分别量取100mLUSPI溶液调节pH至9.0和12.0，加入0.1g儿茶素粉末搅拌24h，制得pH 9和pH 12的USPI-儿茶素复合物，分别记为N3和N4。本发明方法的SPI-儿茶素复合物的起泡性、起泡稳定性及抗氧化性较蛋白显著增强，起泡性分别提高1.5和1.6倍，起泡稳定性分别提高2.1和2.2倍，DPPH自由基清除率分别提高6.7和75倍，ABTS自由基清除率分别提高5.7和6.3倍。
Claims (4)
1.蛋白超声复合酸/碱处理结合儿茶素提高抗氧化性，其包括以下步骤：
(1)将脱脂豆粉与去离子水按照1:10(g/mL)比例混合后，调节pH至8.0搅拌2h，9000×g离心30min，取上清液调节pH至4.5，静置2h后6000×g离心20min得到蛋白沉淀，用去离子水水洗两次，将溶液pH调至7.0，冻干得到SPI粉末
(2)固定超声时间为10min(处理5s，间隔5s)，功率为500W对大豆分离蛋白溶液进行超声预处理，超声处理过的蛋白记为USPI；
(3)非共价复合物的制备：分别量取100mL USPI溶液调节pH至3.0和7.0，加入0.1g儿茶素粉末避光搅拌2h，制得pH 3和pH 7的USPI-儿茶素复合物，分别记为N1和N2；
(4)共价复合物的制备：分别量取100mLUSPI溶液调节pH至9.0和12.0，加入0.1g儿茶素粉末搅拌24h，制得pH 9和pH 12的USPI-儿茶素复合物，分别记为N3和N4。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蛋白超声复合酸/碱处理结合儿茶素提高抗氧化性，其特征在于，每100mL水中添加1g大豆分离蛋白和0.1g儿茶素粉末。
3.根据权利要求1所述的蛋白超声复合酸/碱处理结合儿茶素提高抗氧化性，其特征在于，SPI溶液超声预处理参数为：超声功率为500W，超声时间5min(处理5s，间隔5s)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的蛋白超声复合酸/碱处理结合儿茶素提高抗氧化性，其特征在于，SPI溶液经过超声后调节pH至3.0，7.0，9.0和12.0之后与儿茶素结合得到复合物。
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| CN116172184A (zh) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-30 | 东北农业大学 | 大豆蛋白、海藻酸钠、egcg复合提高乳液乳化性与稳定性的方法 |
| CN116210803A (zh) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-06-06 | 东北农业大学 | 一种与多酚复合提高大豆分离蛋白稳定性的方法 |
| CN117695369A (zh) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-03-15 | 广州飞来爱生命科技有限公司 | 一种降尿酸平衡内分泌复合制剂及其制备方法 |
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